SHEAR REINFORCEMENT

Objectives:

1. Discuss the importance of shear reinforcement in beams.

2. Calculate the spacing f shear reinforcement.

Shear produces two types of diagonal cracks in reinforced concrete beams:

a. Web shear cracks
b. Flexure shear cracks

When shear reinforcement is perpendicular to the axis of the member

SHEAR STRENGTH PROVIDED BY CONCRETE

1. Members subjected to shear and flexure only

a. Simplified calculations

b. Detailed calculations
2. Members subjected to axial compression.
a. Simplified calculations

b. Detailed calculations
3. Members subjected to axial tension

SHEAR STRENGTH OF REINFORCEMENT

PROBLEM SET:
1. A rectangular isolated beam has a clear span of 7.5m and carries a service live load of 60KN/m and no external
dead load except its own weight. The beam has a width of 350mm and an effective depth of 700mm. It is reinforced
with 6 – 28mm rebars in two rows. Total depth of the beam is 800mm with F’c = 27.6MPa, Fy = 414MPa, Fyt =
280MPa. Use sand lightweight concrete having a unit weight of 2400Kg/m3.
a. Using simplified method for shear strength for concrete, determine the shear force to be resisted by the shear
reinforcement at the critical section from the face of support.
b. Determine the spacing of 10mm shear reinforcement required by the beam due to its load.
c. Determine the point where no shear reinforcement are needed measured from the center of the beam.

2. A simply supported concrete beam having a span of 5m, width of 350mm and an effective depth of 520mm carries
a uniformly distributed factored load including its weight of wu = 7KN/m and a concentrated load Pu = 370KN acting
2m from the left support. Using normal weight concrete with F’c = 20.7MPa, Fy = Fyt = 415MPa, using simplified
calculations:
a. Determine the maximum factored shear force at the critical section from right support.
b. Determine the spacing of 10mm stirrups between left support and concentrated load.
c. Determine the spacing of 10mm stirrups between right support and concentrated load.

3. A reinforced concrete beam having a simple span of 8m carries a uniformly distributed uniform load w u which
includes weight of the beam. Over a distance extending 2m out from each supports, a 10mm stirrups are uniformly
spaced 100mm on centers, in the middle half of the span, the stirrups spacing is also uniform but increase to
225mm on centers. Using normal weight concrete with F’c = 20.7MPa, Fy = Fyt = 415MPa. The beam has a width
of 400mm and an effective depth of 450mm. it is required to reinforced with 3 – 25mm rebars at the bottom.
a. Determine the wu based on the flexural capacity of the beam.
b. Determine the value of wu based on the shear capacity of the stirrups.
4. A simply supported rectangular concrete beam has a clear span of 6m has a width of 400mm and an effective
depth of 625mm. The beam supports a total factored load of 170KN/, which includes weight of the beam. Using
normal weight concrete and F’c = 27.6MPa, Fy = 414MPa.
a. Determine the location from the face of support where the 10mm stirrups will be stopped.
b. Determine the spacing requirement at the critical section based on the required ØVc, where the stirrups will
be mostly closely spaced.
c. Determine approximately the total number of stirrups needed for the entire beam.

5. A rectangular beam having a width of 300mm has an effective depth of 600mm. Total depth of beam is 680mm.
The beam is reinforced with 3 – 32mm rebars at the bottom. Using normal weight concrete and F’c = 27.6MPa, Fy
= 415MPa.
a. Using detailed calculation, determine the shear strength of concrete subjected to shear and flexure only if it
is subjected a factored moment of Mu = 134KN.m which occurs simultaneously with Vu = 223KN.
b. If the beam is subjected to a compressive force of 268KN, using simplified calculation, determine the shear
strength provided by concrete.
c. If the beam is subjected to a compressive force of 270KN, using detailed calculation, determine the shear
strength of concrete if Mu = 140KN.m and Vu 240KN.

6. A rectangular concrete beam has a width of 300mm and an effective depth of 600mm. The beam is reinforced with
tension reinforcements having a total area of 2413mm2 with steel covering of 80mm. The beam is subjected to a
factored shear force of 160KN at its critical point at a distance d from the support, having a span of 6m. If the beam
is subjected to a tensile axial force of 270KN and F’c = 27.6MPa, Fy = 415MPa, and Fyt = 270MPa and using normal
weight concrete:
a. Determine the maximum shear strength of concrete.
b. Determine the spacing of 10mm reinforcement due to this load.
c. Determine the minimum area of shear reinforcement required for this condition.

7. A beam having a width of 300mm and an overall thickness of 700mm with effective depth of 610mm and a span
of 6m. It is reinforced with 3 – 32mm rebars. The beam carries a factored concentrated load of 450KN at the
midspan and horizontal axial factored compressive load of 270KN. Using normal weight concrete and F’c = 20.7MPa
a. Determine the value of factored shear force Vu.
b. Determine the value of modified moment Mm.
c. Determine the nominal shear strength of concrete.