Metal Oxide Surge Arresters for 33-216kV A.C.

Systems

Instructions for Installation and Use

ABB Xiamen Surge Arrestor Co., Ltd.

 Instructions for Installation and Use of Metal Oxide Surge Arresters for

33-216kV A.C. Systems

1. Application

Metal oxide surge arresters for 33-216kV A.C. systems (surge arresters for short below) are protection

apparatus which are used to protect electric equipment for 27.5-220kV A.C. system or insulators for transmission

line from both the lightning overvoltage and switching overvoltage or flashover, including arresters for the

overvoltage protection of A.C. electrified railway power supply and catenaries.

2. Service Conditions

2.1 Ambient temperature: -40℃~+45℃

2.2 Solar radiation: ≤1.1kW/m2

2.3 Altitude: ≤2000m

2.4 Power frequency: 48Hz~62Hz.

2.5 Power frequency voltage which is applied surge arresters for a long time should not exceed the continuous

operating voltage.

2.6 Seismic intensity: ≤7 degrees

2.7 Maximum wind speed: ≤35m/s.

3. Dimension and Technical parameters

The dimension and technical parameters of the product are shown as the attached list. In addition to

GB11032-2010 A.C. Metal Oxide Surge Arrester without Gaps, JB/T8952-2005 Polymer Housed Metal Oxide

Surge Arrester without Gaps for A.C. system and DL/T 815—2012 Polymer Housed Metal Oxide Surge Arrester

for A.C. Transmission Lines, the technical parameters also meet the requirement of company standards for

corresponding products.

4. Main structure principles

Arresters adopt company’s patent metal oxide non-linear resistors as main protective units. Arresters are

installed with to-be-protected equipment in parallel. When there exists overvoltage that will endanger the

insulation of electric equipment or transmission line in the power system, arresters switch to low-resistance

conducting state and the overvoltage will be restricted in permitted range, as a result of which, insulation of

electric equipment is protected from the damage of overvoltage and insulators for transmission lines (or catenaries)
are prevented from lightning flashover. While running at operating voltage, arresters are in high-resistance

insulating state, separating power system and earth. Arresters are filled with specially designed arc extinguishing

materials inside and apply several patented technologies, such as anti-explosion, disconnection and

maintenance-free.

4.1 Porcelain housed surge arresters consist of units of arresters and bases, etc. Non-linear resistors are sealed in

the units of arresters. The non-linear resistors should be fixed by insulating tension pole and fixed chuck and

then compressed by springs, avoiding the components loose inside and ensuring reliable electrical connection

between the components inside. Arresters are equipped with reliable pressure relief device and prevent the

explosion of porcelain housing effectively.

4.2 Polymer housed surge arresters are mainly composed of silicon rubber polymer housing modeled on method

of injection moulding, insulating cylinder winded with epoxy glass, voltage restricted units, disconnecting

device (free maintenance type is equipped with this device) and link fitting. Disconnecting devices will act

automatically when maintenance-free surge arresters with disconnectors become aged because of long-period

running or damaged by faults, guaranteeing the normal operation of power system and realizing free

maintenance operation.

4.3 Arresters for power transmission lines or catenaries have more excellent and reliable free maintenance

operation characteristics.

Surge arresters for transmission lines with series gaps outside have the optimally designed gap

electrodes which have good homogeneity of field density between electrodes, small discharge dispersion and

small deviation of lightning impulse discharging voltage between positive and negative polarity. When there

exist atmospheric overvoltage in power system, air gaps discharge and puncture accurately and reliably and

the bodies of surge arresters restrict currents and voltages, reliably preventing corresponding line insulators

from flashovers.

Surge arresters without gaps but disconnectors: when there exist atmospheric overvoltage and switching

overvoltage in power system, surge arresters switch to low-resistance state, restrict the overvoltage at a low

level and prevent overvoltage flashover of corresponding line insulators as well as switching overvoltage,

possessing more perfect protection level. Disconnecting devices will act automatically(extinguish arc by

means of system protection reclosing under the effect of large follow current) When surge arresters become

aged because of long-period running or damaged by faults, separating the faulted surge arresters and power

system.

5. Installation

Install according to the outline or installation figure attached below and pay attention to the follows details:

5.1 As to free maintenance arresters with disconnectors, when fixing the upper nuts of disconnectors, the upper
 ends of disconnectors should be held fast by hand. While fixing the lower nuts of disconnectors, the lower

ends of disconnectors should be held fast by hand. Otherwise, disconnectors could be easily damaged.

5.2 Porcelain housed surge arresters with bases should be installed from up to down, in the order of base, unit and

end of high voltage lead. Pay attention to the verticality of arresters during installation, according to

requirement, the deviation between the center lines of units of arresters and plumb lines should be no more

than 2% of the units’ height. Insert high voltage lead into the clip of high voltage terminal directly and

tighten the bolts. Link the binding posts of surge arresters’ insulating base to the high voltage terminals of

discharge counters or monitors and earth the discharge counters or monitors to ground. If discharge counters

or monitors are not needed, then earth the insulating base to ground directly.

5.3 Installation of Polymer housed surge arresters with bases can refer to the basic installation requirement of

porcelain housed surge arresters with bases.

5.4 Surge arresters for transmission lines

Surge arresters with series gaps outside and braces: the upper ends of arresters directly hang on the

installation racks of pylons, and the lower ends of electrode are linked with high voltage lead of power

system by drainage wires. This type of surge arresters can be installed either vertically or obliquely according

to installation points of polygon and space situations.

Surge arresters with series air gaps outside: fix the upper ends of the bodies of surge arresters on

polygons’ installation racks while the lower ends fasten the top electrodes of surge arresters’ outside series

gaps and the long axes of oval ring top electrodes are perpendicular to high voltage leads. The bottom

electrodes of gaps are fastened to high voltage lead clip and the axial of bottom electrodes is parallel to high

voltage leads. Adjust the distance between top electrodes and bottom ones to meet the requirement of

regulation.

Surge arresters without gaps but disconnectors: the bodies of arresters hang on to polygons’ installation

racks directly. One end of the disconnecting devices links to the lower end of the bodies of arresters and the

other end links to high voltage leads.

Between the bases of surge arresters and earth plates can be installed with discharge counter or monitors.

Otherwise, earth the bases to ground directly.

5.5 Surge arresters for contact line system of Electrified railway

The upper end of arresters should be linked to high voltage wire and the lower end should be fixed on

the installation rack of pylons.

5.6 After installation, the distances between the high voltage ends of surge arresters and adjacent conductors

should live up to the corresponding safety distances of high voltage distribution devices.

5.7 All the connecting lead should be as short as possible during installation.
6. The users’ information

6.1 Users should choose the proper surge arrester production type according to protection target and territory of

use. If there are special needs, please consult with our company.

6.2 Avoid collisions when transporting, storing, unpacking and installing surge arresters. Before installation and

use, place the surge arresters in clean and dry rooms and keep away from corrosive gas or liquid. Surge

arresters with bases should be placed vertically without inclining and lying down.

6.3 Before surge arresters are put into operation, leakage currents under 1mA D.C. reference voltage U1mA as

well as 0.75U1mA should be measured. Apply D.C. voltages on arresters (pulsation≤±1.5%), read the voltage

values of U1mA (the values shouldn’t be less than the rated values of property list) until the currents through

the trial products stay stable in 1mA. Then read the corresponding current values under the influence of

0.75U1mA (the values shouldn’t be more than the rated values of property list).The testing process should be

as quick as possible and the time when voltages are applied on surge arresters can’t exceed 1 minute.

Decrease the voltage immediately and cut off the power. Mark down the data (including the environmental

conditions) for comparing and checking.

6.4 In severely polluted regions, porcelain housed surge arresters should be cleaned at regular intervals, in case of

inside overheating because of pollutions outside the porcelain housings.

6.5 Users mustn’t scrape the polymer housing of surge arresters with sharp objects.

6.6 Users mustn’t unfold arresters.

6.7 As destructive tests, power- frequency spark-over voltage tests will destroy the arresters. Therefore, power-

frequency spark-over voltage tests are not allowed to conduct on metal oxide surge arresters without gaps

(including the bodies of surge arresters with series gaps outside).