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Hiperlan
Hiperlan
Hiperlan
1. INTRODUCTION
Recently, demand for high-speed Internet access is rapidly increasing
and a lot of
cellular phone is getting very popular and users enjoy its location-free
and wire
can provide much lower data rates compared with those provided
by the wired
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and important and wireless LAN (Local Area Network) such as ETSI
(European
as a key towards providing high speed wireless access in MBS. H/2 aims
when roaming between local and wide area as well as between corporate
band with a 100 MHz spectrum. WLAN is W-ATM based and is designed
that. Connections over the air are time-division multiplexed . H/2 allows
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can carry Ethernet frames, ATM cells and IP packets. Follows dynamic
2.HISTORY
other consumer electronic devices as well as access to the core network and
(BRAN) Project. The project makes available various technologies for the
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The W-ATM idea has been strictly followed when specifying the DLC
(Data Link Control) layer of H/2 where a user data packet handled
in the MAC (Medium Access Control) layer is one ATM cell. It was planned
from the start that an ATM-based WLAN should be able to support any
into account.
1996 that has not found acceptance to date owing to the lack of products.
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H/2 system provides wireless access to wired networks for users by a mobile
operates one frequency carrier and covers a certain area, called the radio
cell. The APC(AP Controller) is responsible for the management of its APTs.
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Two operation modes are defined for the H/2 DLC (Data LinkControl ):
centralised mode and direct mode . In the direct mode , MTs communicate
directly over direct links with each other. In both modes, the AP assigns
the radio resources and controls the communcation in the radio Cell.
and a Node ID (NID). The combination of these two IDs uniquely identifies
any station, and restricts the way it can connect to other HIPERLAN nodes.
All nodes with the same HID can communicate with each other using a
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appropriate radio channel is selected based on both what radio channels are
cellular networks like GSM. DFS algorithm is described below, where each
Step 3: The AP estimates total power of interference signals from other APs
which have already selected a channel and selects a channel with the least
interference signal power. ( Repeat step 2 and 3 until all APs select their
channels.) Interference signals from MHs are not take into account in this
algorithm. And we assume that each AP selects a channel only once and
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Control) layer for both the MT and the AP. Various network types
like IP,
the requirements of the DLC layer. For higher layers other than
ATM, the
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The DLC layer is vertically sub-divided into the control plane and
the user
packets from the higher layers via the U-SAP ( User Service
Access Point).
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This part contains the Error control that applies the ARQ
( Automatic
Both the user plane and the control plane access the
physical medium
4.b.PHYSICAL LAYER
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used for one transmission link between the AP(Access Points) and
the MTs.
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power levels, starting point and length of the Frame channel &
Random
carries control and user data from the MTs to the AP. The direct
link phase
In the random access phase (RAP) the MTs that do not have
capacity
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4.c.CONVERGENCE LAYER:
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The Convergence Layer(CL) adapts the core network to the H/2 DLC
layer.For
mobility support.
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the ATM cell payload and all the necessary fields of ATM cell
header fit
header is necessary.
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DLC header and CRC ( Cyclic Redundancy Code ) field are added
to each
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6. LINKING PROCESS
The Mobile Terminal (MT) has to scan for the Beacon signal sent in
the Broadcast
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the whole session at this AP and is valid only in the radio cell
of one APT.
The AP will respond with its own set of parameters and select the
(CL)Convergence
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link completely.
(DLC User Connection) at the DLC (Data Link Control) layer and
may be
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7. PROPERTIES
signals are reflected from many points, e.g. in offices. The basic idea of OFDM
is to transmit broadband, high data rate information by dividing the data into
several interleaved, parallel bit streams, and let each bit stream modulate a
separate subcarrier. The channel spacing is 20 MHz, which allows high bit rates
per channel yet has reasonable number of channels: 52 subcarriers are used
per channel (48 subcarriers for data, 4 subcarriers tracking the phase for coherent
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Terminal ) and the AP ( Access Point ) that have been established prior to the
connections are unidirectional from the AP toward the MTs in the radiocell.
3. QoS support: The connection orientation of H/2 is a prerequisite for the support of
QoS.An H/2 WLAN is able to support all the QoS classes defined for ATM networks
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and thus is ideally suited to also support the QoS requirements of IP networks
that are less stringent than those of ATM networks. The IP convergence layer
provides the functions needed for mapping the IP QoS requirements to the
QoS parameters available from H/2 for its DLC connections.Each connection
delay variation , bit error rate etc. In an environment where the connection
characteristics are not available ,QoS is supported by assigning a priority level relative
to other connections.
4. Automatic frequency allocation: H/2 does not need a manual frequency planning
radio channel for the transmission within each AP’s coverage area by DFS (Dynamic
sources in the environment and selects a radio channel based on its current
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6. Mobility support: The MT uses the AP with the best radio signal performance
as measured by the SNR .Thus, as the MT moves it may detect an alternative AP with
better radio performance than current AP. The MT will then initiate a handover to this
7. To allow MTs to save power, an MT may at any time request the AP to enter a low
power state,and may request a specific sleep period.At the end of the sleep period the MT
searchs for the presence of any wakeup indication from the AP. An AP will delay
any pending data to an MT until the corresponding sleep period has expired.If
no wake-up indication is received, the MT returns to its low power state for the
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protocol that listens to a network in order to avoid collisions, unlike CSMA/CD that
deals with network transmissions once collisions have been detected. CSMA/CA
contributes to network traffic because, before any real data is transmitted, it has to
broadcast a signal onto the network in order to listen for collision scenarios and to
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operating the same carrier once it has selected it and does not
apply DFS nor
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applications.
9. COLLISION RESOLUTION
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10. CONCLUSION
Multiple Access (TDMA). With CSMA/CA, all stations share the same
radio channel
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and contend for access. For example when an 802.11 station (client)
needs to send a
packet, the station first listens for other transmissions and then
attempts to send
respective time slots, making more efficient use of the medium and
improving support of
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the initial HiperLAN/2 products will probably cost more than 802.11a
counterparts,
supporters say that the better throughput will outweigh the slight
price difference.
REFERENCES
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