HASSAAN AHMAD

284811
MEE 11B

ADVANCE WORK SHOP

LAB REPORT
TIG MIG WELDING

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 TIG WELDING
AIM
The aim of the TIG welding is to weld different parts of machine using tungsten inert gas.

INTRODUCTION
Tungsten inert gas welding (TIG welding) is a gas shielded welding process and is one of
the fusion welding processes. It is used wherever optimum quality and spatter-free weld
seams are required. TIG welding is suitable, among other things, for stainless steels,
aluminum and nickel alloys as well for thin sheet metal made of aluminum and stainless
steel. It is used in pipeline and container construction, in portal construction and in

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aerospace applications.

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APPARATUS

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The equipment used in the system of TIG welding is
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 Mains connection
 Power source
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 Hosepack
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 Grounding cable
 Welding torch
 Ground terminal
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 Workpiece
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 Filler metal
 Shielding gas
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PROCEDURE
TIG Welding, also known as Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), is a process that joins
metals by heating them with an arc between a tungsten electrode (non-consumable)
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and the work piece. The process is used with a shielding gas and may also be used with
or without the addition of filler metal. The primary variables in TIG Welding are arc
voltage (arc length), welding current, travel speed and shielding gas composition. The
amount of energy the arc produces is proportional to the current and the voltage. The
amount of energy transferred per unit length of weld is inversely proportional to the

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 travel speed. Shielding gases are typically inert to protect the electrode from
contamination. The use of helium shielding provides more penetration than argon. The
arc, established between the tip of the electrode and the work, generates heat to melt
the base metal. Once the arc and weld pool are established, the torch is moved along
the joint, and the arc progressively melts the surfaces to be joined. If used, filler wire is
usually added to the leading edge of the weld pool to fill the joint. The tungsten
electrode can be alloyed with small amounts of active elements to increase emissivity of
the electrode; this provides quicker arc starting, greater arc stability, and longer
electrode life.

ADVANTAGES
 Can be used to join almost all metals, with superior weld quality, generally free of
defects

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 Free from spatter that occurs with other arc welding processes

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 Can be used with or without filler metal as required for the specific application

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 Provides excellent control of root pass weld penetration

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 Can be used to produce inexpensive autogenous (fusion) welds with good
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 Provides for separate control over the heat input and filler metal additions
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DISADVANTGES
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 Travel speeds and deposition rates are relatively low, increasing weld cost
 A high degree of operator skill is required to produce quality welds
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 Process is not easily automated

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SAFETY MEASURES
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 Wear Welding helmets with side-shields

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 Wear respirators
 Wear fire resistant clothes
 Wear ear protection
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 Boot and gloves should be fire resistant

 Receive appropriate training
 Ensure your work piece is well ventilated
 Ensure your work piece is free of flammable material

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 MIG WELDING

AIM
Aim of the MIG welding is to weld the machine parts accurately and precisely .

INTRODUCTION
It is a welding process in a form of arc welding where a wire, in a continuous and solid
strip, is passed via a welding gun and into the weld pool where it burns to fuse two
materials together. It stands for Metal Inert Gas welding process. Shielding gas is
required and is also passed via the welding gun to prevent the weld pool from becoming

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contaminated. MIG welding is often known as Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) or wire

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welding (which is the colloquial term for it).

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APPRATUS rs e
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 Gas cylinder
 Regulater
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 Flowmeter
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 Shieling gas supply

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 Power source
 Electrode supply
Control cable
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
Welding power cable
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
 Work cable
 Shielding gas
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 Welding power
 Welding gun
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 Work piece
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PROCEDURE
The core tool is the welding MIG machine. MIG welders are where the wire, the gas, and
the electricity combine to deliver a weld via the welding gun. The machine gives the user
control over how fast the wire will be fed to the gun, the polarity of the electrodes and

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 the amperage which dictates the available current (which, in turn, is dictated by the
materials that you intend to weld and how thick they are). Most people will get started
with a 115 Volt welding machine. However, it’s worth noting at this point that you can
get a dual voltage machine which will also go to 230 Volts if you need more power for
your welds. If you look inside the machine, you’ll find the wire in a spool and some
rollers which will be used to send the wire out to the gun. The spool is meant to be
attached with a tension nut. This ought to be set so that the wire won’t unravel easily
from the spool but, at the same time, not so that the rollers can’t move the wire when
required to do so.

ADVANTAGES

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 You can easily join different materials in a range of thicknesses

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 You can weld in all positions

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 Weld spatter is kept to a minimum
 You can learn how to MIG weld easily

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DISADVANTAGES
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 You can’t weld materials of more than half an inch thick

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 The need for shielding gas reduces the portability of the equipment
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 The process offers less control over the weld than Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG)
welding
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SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Before tackling any welding project, you need to make sure you have the proper safety
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apparel and that any potential fire hazards are removed from the welding area. Basic
welding safety apparel includes leather shoes or boots, cuff-less full-length pants, a
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flame-resistant and long-sleeve jacket, leather gloves, a welding helmet, safety glasses
and a bandana or skull cap to protect the top of your head from sparks and spatter .
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