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Learning Guide: Chapter Eleven-Motivation and

Perception of Self
Below you will find study questions and graphic organizers to help you organize
the information for Chapter 11. Watch the podcast and read the indicated
sections of your text, especially the “Suggestions for Teaching” sections.
In “Suggestions for Teaching” (and in the videos), you will see how these
concepts can be applied to an actual classroom (and to the classroom scenario
questions you will encounter on the exam).
To jump to specific sections or pages, you may
type the page number into the “search this course”
function or click on “chapter contents,” which is in
the top left once you click into the textbook.

1. Read Section 11-1b (p. 386-387), focusing on types of motivation. Compare and contrast
intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Include any common elements or factors in the middle
section shared by both circles.

Extrinsic motivation- occurs when the learner does something to earn external rewards

Intrinsic motivation- occurs when the learner does something to experience inherently
satisfying results

2. Read Section 11-2a (p. 388), focusing on vicarious and direct reinforcement. Explain the
concepts here:

Vicarious reinforcement Direct reinforcement

We expect to receive the same reinforcement occurs when you perform a certain behaviour
that we see someone else get for exhibiting a and are rewarded (positive reinforcement), or it
particular behavior leads to the removal or avoidance of something
unpleasant (negative reinforcement)

2. Review your learning guide from chapter 9 regarding self-efficacy. Read Section 11-2b (p.
388-389). Explain the effects of self-efficacy on choice of goal, outcome expectations, and
attributions.
 Choice Effect

goal choice Task mastery goals- doing what is necessary to learn meaningfully
the information and skills that have been assigned

Performance-approach goals- demonstrating to teachers and peers

one’s superior intellectual ability by outperforming most others in
class

Performance-avoidance goals- reducing the possibility of failure so

as not to appear less capable than other students.

outcome expectations High self-efficacy leads to high expectations of positive outcomes.

attributions Ability, effort, luck, and task difficulty

3. Read Section 11-3c (p. 391-392), focusing on attribution theory. Explain the concept and
include the four main attributions.
Attribution theory- motivation is influenced by the factors a person invoked to explain
his/her successes and failures.

6. Read Section 11-4a (p. 406-408), focusing on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Complete the
diagram below with what needs may be found on which level
8. Read Section 11-6b (p. 416-417), focusing on technology. Explain how technology may be
used to increase motivation to learn (intrinsic and extrinsic):
Extrinsic vs intrinsic motivation- look for programs that use both sources of motivation
such as Quest Atlantis.
Using technology to increase motivation to learn- studies show that computer basedf
technology can increase intrinsic motivation

**NOTE: You are not responsible for the material in Chapter 12. You may skip the next
chapter and move on to Chapter 13.