MODULE IN ENGLISH 13:

ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE SURVEY OF PHILIPPINE

CALAPAN CITY, INC. LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

MODULE XVI-VII
SELECTED WORKS OF UNDER THE LITERATURE OF THE REGION
(WITH FOCUS ON WESTERN VISAYAS)

MODULE DESCRIPTOR:
This module covers the selected works under the Literature of the Region
(With Focus on Western Visayas. It includes different activities that will
enhance the student’s knowledge after the discussions.
NOMINAL DURATION:
This module’s timeframe is from December 7-16, 2020.
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of this module you MUST be able to:
1. Distinguish the selected literary piece under the Literature of the
Region (With Focus on Western Visayas
2. Analyze the different examples of selected Literature of the Region
(With Focus on Western Visayas.
3. Acknowledge the importance of each of the selected literary piece
under Literature of the Region (With Focus on Western Visayas.
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
1. Distinguished the selected literary piece under the Literature of the
Region (With Focus on Western Visayas.
2. Different examples of selected literary piece under Literature of the
Region (With Focus on Western Visayas are explored.
3. Acknowledged the importance of each of the selected literary piece
Literature of the Region (With Focus on Western Visayas.
4. Listed some examples of the selected literary piece under the
Literature of the Region (With Focus on Western Visayas.
5. Searched the books, and other resources for examples of the selected
literary piece under the Literature of the Region (With Focus on
Western Visayas.

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 MODULE IN ENGLISH 13:
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE SURVEY OF PHILIPPINE
CALAPAN CITY, INC. LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

LEARNING OUTCOME # 1 DISTINGUISH THE SELECTED WORKS

UNDER THE LITERATURE OF THE REGION (WITH FOCUS ON
WESTERN VISAYAS.

CONTENTS:
 Selected Works under the Literature of the Region (With Focus
on Western Visayas.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Distinguished the selected literary piece under the Literature of the
Region (With Focus on Western Visayas.
2. Different examples of selected literary piece under the Literature of the
Region (With Focus on Western Visayas.
3. Acknowledged the importance of each of the selected literary piece
under the Literature of the Region (With Focus on Western Visayas.
4. Listed some examples of the selected literary piece under the
Literature of the Region (With Focus on Western Visayas.
5. Searched the books, and other resources for examples of the selected
literary piece under the Literature of the Region (With Focus on
Western Visayas.

CONDITIONS:
Learners must be provided with the following:
1. WORKPLACE LOCATION
2. EQUIPMENT
- Computer/ Cellphone (with Internet Connection)
3. TOOLS, ACCESSORIES AND SUPPLIES
- Notebook
- Paper
- Pen
4. LEARNING RESOURCES
- Internet Connection or Book Suggested by the Teacher
- Module in Language and Literature Assessment

ASSESSMENT METHODS:
1. Written Test
2. Portfolio
3. Performance Test

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 MODULE IN ENGLISH 13:
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE SURVEY OF PHILIPPINE
CALAPAN CITY, INC. LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

LEARNING EXPERIENCES

Learning Outcome 1
DISTINGUISH THE SELECTED WORKS UNDER THE LITERATURE OF
THE REGION (WITH FOCUS ON WESTERN VISAYAS.

Learning Activities Special Instructions

Read Information Sheet no. 16-17.1
SELECTED WORKS UNDER THE
LITERATURE OF THE REGION
(WITH FOCUS ON WESTERN
VISAYAS
Answer Self Check no. 16-17.1
Accomplish Task Sheet no. 16-17.1
After reading the Information Sheet,
answer Self Check no. 16-17.1 to
ensure knowledge in Key Concepts
Compare the answers to the answer
key.
After the Self-Check, reflect on the
topic studied by accomplishing the
Task Sheet: Practice. This task will
exhibit your understanding on the
topics studied.

The teacher will use Performance

Criteria Checklist 16-17.1 to assess
your output.

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 MODULE IN ENGLISH 13:
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE SURVEY OF PHILIPPINE
CALAPAN CITY, INC. LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

INFORMATION SHEET 16-17.1

Learning Objectives
After reading this information sheet, you must be able to:
1. Distinguish the selected literary piece under the Literature of the
Region (With Focus on Western Visayas.
2. Analyze the different examples of selected Literature of the Region
(With Focus on Western Visayas.
3. Acknowledge the importance of each of the selected literary piece
under Literature of the Region (With Focus on Western Visayas.

LITERATURE OF THE REGION (WITH FOCUS ON WESTERN VISAYAS

Hiligaynon is the lingua franca of the West Visayas in Central Philippines. Politically
labeled Region 6, West Visayas is composed of the provinces of Iloilo, Capiz,
Antique and Aklan on the island of Panay; Negros Occidental, the western half of the
island of Negros; and the new island-province of Guimaras which used to be a sub-
province of Iloilo.
The mother language of West Visayas is Kinaray-a or Hiraya, the language spoken
by the central and southern towns of Iloilo, all of the province of Antique and most of
Capiz. Hiligaynon is spoken in Iloilo City in all the coastal towns north of Iloilo City, in
all of Guimaras, in most of Roxas City in Capiz, and in Bacolod City and most of the
towns of Negros Occidental. The language is also spoken in South Cotabato, in
Mindanao, where many West Visayans have migrated. The northern towns of Negros
Occidental speak Cebuano or Sugbuanon, the lingua franca of Central Visayas. The
province of Aklan speaks Aklanon which, like Hiligaynon, developed from Kinaray-a.
Though distinctly different from Hiligaynon, Kinaray-a and Aklanon are conveniently
considered by many linguists and literary researchers as subsumed in the lingua
franca. Current writers in Kinaray-a and Aklanonhave shown that it is not so.
Purely oral, West Visayan literature before the coming of the Spaniards was
in Kinaray-a which must have been the language in folk literature of the ten Bornean
datus who, according to the folk account of the Maragtas, got the island of Panay
from the aboriginal Ati in exchange for a headgear of gold and a necklace that
touched the ground.
Folk literature ranges from brief riddles, proverbs, ditties, ritual chants to elaborate
love songs, tales and extensive epics. A poem is called binalaybay and the tale is
the asoy or the sugilanon.
The paktakon is a riddle while the hurubaton is a proverb. Both are usually in two
lines and rhymed.
Folksongs may be as simple as the ili-ili or lullaby or as intricate as the ambahan, a
long song alternately sung by a soloist and a chorus; the siday which can be a long

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 MODULE IN ENGLISH 13:
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE SURVEY OF PHILIPPINE
CALAPAN CITY, INC. LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

poetic joust between two paid poets respectively representing the two families in a
marriage suit (siday sa pamalaye); or a balitaw, a jocose love song sung in a
debating manner by a man and a woman.
The asoy may be a legend or a tale about a folk hero or a local happening. Foremost
among the Panay epics are the Labaw Donggon and the Hinilawod.
Ritual chants are delivered by the babaylan or healer to please the diwata or
supernatural beings or spirits in exchange for good health and luck in the home and
the fields during planting and harvest seasons.
The coming of the Spaniards and the conversion of the people to Christianity
produced new forms of folk literature. Written literature also started, first with
translations of Spanish texts of prayers and lives of the saints.
Tracing their origins to the Spanish times are the luwa, the witty quatrain recited by
the loser of the bordon,the most popular game during the belasyon or vigil for the
dead; and the composo, the ballad that sings the life of a folk hero or a significant
incident in the community.
Religious literature flourished during the Spanish times. The Flores de Mayo is a
devotional song-prayer held throughout the month of May characterized by singing
hymns to the Virgin Mary and offering flowers.

 The Pasyon, which recounts the suffering of Christ, is chanted during the Holy
Week.
 The gozos of the novena, the nine-day devotional prayer to a saint, stresses
Christian virtue or recounts incidents in the life of Christ and the Virgin Mary.
Always part of the feast in honor of the patron saint is the coronation of the fiesta
queen. The local poet then delivers the pagdayaw, an extensive ode praising the
queen’s beauty and virtue.
Purely secular is the corrido, actually a medieval romance brought by the Spaniards.
Most popular corridoin West Visayas is Rodrigo de Villas.
Two theater forms developed during the Spanish times. The moro-moro is full of
action but is no more than a morality play celebrating the victory of the Christians
against the Moros. The zarzuela is a musical but later made a vehicle for subversive
activities.
The establishment of Imprenta La Panayana in Iloilo City late in the nineteenth
century by a Bicolano, Mariano Perfecto, engineered written Hiligaynon literature.
With his Pasyon, novenas and corridos, Perfecto published Almanake
Panayanhon (Panayan Almanac), the all-time Hiligaynon best-
seller. Almanake, which published literary works by most of the
early Hiligaynon writers, is still being published today by the Perfecto heirs.
The coming of the Americans saw the so-called Golden Age of Hiligaynon literature
even if the orientation was still heavily Spanish– didactic and Roman Catholic though
strongly nationalistic.

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 MODULE IN ENGLISH 13:
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE SURVEY OF PHILIPPINE
CALAPAN CITY, INC. LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

The relatively short period from the 1920’s to the coming of the Japanese is
considered the Golden Age. This produced Angel Magahum (first novelist
for Benjamin), poet Delfin Gumban, poet Serapion Torre, poet-translator (from
Spanish) Flavio Zaragoza Cano, essayist-journalist Rosendo Mejica, zarzuela
masters Jose Ma. Ingalla and Jose Ma. Nava, playwright Miguela Montelibano,
novelist-poet Magdalena Jalandoni, essayist Augurio Abeto and Abe Gonzales, and
the young novelist Ramon L. Musones and poet Santiago Alv. Mulato. The
triumvirate of Gumban, Torre and Zaragoza Cano ruled it out for years in poetry, their
rivalry magnified by the public balagtasan or poetic joust. The establishment
of Hiligaynon magazine by Liwayway Publications in Manila and of the
Makinaugalingon Press by Rosendo Mejica in Iloilo City further strengthened
Hiligaynon literature.
Jalandoni, Muzones, Gonzales and Mulato wrote their way through the Japanese
Occupation and on to the fifties and the sixties which saw two new novelists, Jose E.
Yap and Conrado Norada. The establishment ofYuhum magazine in Iloilo City by La
Defensa Press and of the short-lived Kasanag by Diolosa Publications, kept literature
not only alive but strong. Big names were Ramon L. Muzones, Santiago Alv. Mulato,
Conrado Norada, Abe Gonzales and the forever versatile Magdalena Jalandoni. Jose
E. Yap had started his series of science-fiction novels. New names came like
Hernando Siscar, Antonio Joquiño and Isabelo Sobrevega.
The influence of English literature, especially in the short story, became pronounced
in the 1960’s whenHiligaynon writers became more aware of formalist guidelines like
characterization, local color and irony. The short story became popular while the
novel with Muzones, Yap and Norada at the helm kept its position. Emerging from
the sixties are important names of the present: Nilo P. Pamonag, Lucila V. Hosillos,
Mario L. Villaret, Romeo Garganera, Ner E. Jedeliz, Jr., Quin Baterna and Jose Ali
Bedaño who wrote under the name of Julius Flores. Two prominent women novelists
are Ismaelita Floro-Luza of Roxas City and Ma. Luisa Defante-Gibraltar of Bacolod.
Yuhum stopped publication in the sixties and resumed during Martial
law. Hiligaynon closed during Martial law and resurrected in 1989.
The Cory Revolution of 1986 is an important milestone in the history
of Hiligaynon literature. Because of the new management of the Cultural Center of
the Philippines and the creation of the Presidential Commission for Culture and the
Arts which later became the National Commission for Culture and the Arts, new
writing and new writers have been born. The CCP and the NCCA have become truly
the people’s patrons of the arts by paving the way for the creation of regional and
local art councils, providing writing grants to writers of marginalized languages,
supporting workshops and publications and conferring awards. Competitions likewise
have had their share in the ferment of new writing. Most significant is the inclusion of
the Hiligaynon short story, alongside that of Cebuano and Iluko, in the Palanca
Awards since 1997.
The Cory Revolution has also ushered in these historical landmarks in the literature
of West Visayas:

 The emergence of Kinaray-a writing;

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 MODULE IN ENGLISH 13:
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE SURVEY OF PHILIPPINE
CALAPAN CITY, INC. LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

 The emergence of Aklanon writing;

 The emergence of writing in Filipino which is Visayan-based;
 The ferment of campus writing in these languages;
 The emergence of multilingual writing in the region.
Important young writers in West Visayas today include: Hiligaynon– Alicia Tan-
Gonzales, Peter Solis Nery, Edgar Siscar, Resurreccion Hidalgo, Alfredo Siva, Alain
Russ Dimzon; Kinaray-a — Ma. Milagros C. Geremia Lanchica, Alex C. de los
Santos, John Iremil E. Teodoro, Jose Edison C. Tondares, Maragtas S. V. Amante,
Ma. Felicia Flores; Aklanon –– Melchor F. Cichon, Alexander C. de Juan, John E.
Barrios.
All these writers are either bilingual or multilingual. It should also be understood that
West Visayas has produced a big number of writers in English and a few very good
writers in Spanish, but they are not included here.

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 MODULE IN ENGLISH 13:
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE SURVEY OF PHILIPPINE
CALAPAN CITY, INC. LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

Task Sheet 16-17.1

Title: Analysis of Literary Piece

Performance Objectives:
Now that you learned a lot from the topics discussed you should be
able to write a reflective essay discussing about your own belief on the topic
stated. You should be able to impart own experiences as examples to
support your opinion. While you’re on it, include on your reflection the its
significance to your life and others.

Supplies: Notebook/ Paper, Pen

Equipment: PC and Printer (optional)

Steps/Procedure:

1. Search for the information of literary piece written under the Literature of
the Region (With Focus on Western Visayas)

2. After gathering data, be guided by the following questions:

Choose at least two (2) of the literary pieces and criticize your selected
literary piece (s) by following the steps and procedure that your instructor
asked you to do.
 Ang baboy by John Iremil Teodoro (Poetry)
 Si Pingkaw by Isabelo S. Sobrevega (SS)
 To a Pinay Contract Worker in Rome by Isidoro M. Cruz
 Nang Mapata si mr. Dela Cruz by Ma. Milagros Geremia – Lachica
 When Timawa Meets Delgado by Rey Defante – Gibraltar (short film)

Assessment Method:
Performance Criteria Checklist

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 MODULE IN ENGLISH 13:
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE SURVEY OF PHILIPPINE
CALAPAN CITY, INC. LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

Performance Criteria Checklist 16-17.1

Criteria 5 4 3 2 1
To what extent did your output satisfy the
following?
The response/solution is complete and appropriate.
Ideas are presented accurately and orderly.
Supporting details and examples are sufficient.
Highly influential and realistic due to the use of factual
details.
Grammar and word choice are correct and
appropriate.
The output presented is original and free of
plagiarism.
TOTAL (Highest= 30 pts.)

5 pts. 4 pts. 3 pts. 2 pts. 1 pt.

Needs
Very Good Good Average Repeat
Improvement
The The The The expected The
expected expected expected output is expected
output is output is output is accomplished output is not
accomplishe accomplishe accomplishe but some of accomplishe
d and the d and the d and the the objectives d and/or
objectives objectives objectives are not none of the
are satisfied are satisfied are satisfied. satisfied. The objectives
well. The well. The The output output also are fulfilled.
output also output also also satisfied doesn’t The output
satisfied all satisfied well some of satisfy well also doesn’t
of the criteria most of the the criteria the criteria satisfy
enumerated. criteria enumerated. enumerated. enough the
enumerated. criteria
Well done! Extra effort No need to enumerated.
Continue Continue is needed. repeat.
doing a doing a Try to Improvemen Need to
great job. good job. improve t is expected repeat the
Challenge Improve other skills on the next activity or
yourself by other skills on the outputs. accomplish
doing much on the criteria equal task.
greater. criteria enumerated.

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 MODULE IN ENGLISH 13:
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE SURVEY OF PHILIPPINE
CALAPAN CITY, INC. LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

enumerated.

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