Life and Works of Rizal

Unit 4
Assessment 5

Instruction: Discuss the following items thoroughly. Write the question before each answer. Each answer
should contain at least three (3) paragraphs of not less than four (4) sentences each. You may write your
answers in Filipino. Do not forget to write your full name in the upper left corner of the paper and your
course, year and section below it while the name of your professors should be indicated in the upper right.

1. Construct a timeline of reforms implemented by the Spanish colonial government in the 19th
century. Identify important events in the life of Jose Rizal and locate these events in the
timeline you constructed. How did the reforms implemented by the Spanish colonial regime

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in the 19th century relate to the experiences of Rizal and his family?

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The Spanish colonization began with the arrival of the European explorer Ferdinand

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Magellan in 1521 who is sailing for Spain, which presaged the period when the Philippines was a
colony of the Spanish empire and ended with the occurrence of the Spanish-American war in 1898.

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Below is the timeline containing the reforms implemented by the Spanish colonial government in
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the 19th century. Highlighted texts are the important events in the life of Jose Rizal during those
times.
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1500s
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- Magellan Expedition (1521)

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- Encomienda system (1570)

- Implementation of Polo y servicio (forced labor for 40 days of men ranging
from 16 to 60 years of age) (1580)
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1600s
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- Bandala system (1600)

- Onset of the Manila-Acapulco trade (Galleon trade) (1600)
- A revolt took place in Bohol headed by Tamblot to protest for the tax collection
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(1622)
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1700s

- Independence of Bohol from the Spaniards for the following 85 years, Revolt
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headed by Francisco Dagohoy (1744)

- Treaty of Paris between England, Spain and France was signed (1763)
- Parishes are secularized and Natives were permitted to enter the Catholic
Priesthood (1774)

1800s

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 - The appointment of Joseph Bonaparte as King of Spain, Spanish colonies
including the Philippines became integral parts of Spain. Filipinos are given
the privileges of Spanish citizenship (1809)
- Promulgation of the Cadiz constitution (1813)
- Cadiz Constitution was abolished (1816)
- Birth of Jose Rizal (1861)
- Educational system reformed, allowing natives to higher levels of training and
wealthy people can send their children to study in Spain (1863)
- Opening of Suez Canal (1869)
- GomBurZa Three martyr priests were garroted in public, they are the alleged
leaders of the Cavite Conspiracy (1872)
- Jose Rizal went to Barcelona to continue his studies in Medicine and
there he started writing Noli Me Tangere (1882)

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- Polo y Servicio was reduced to 15 days (1884)

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- Jose Rizal finished medical studies in Spain (1884)

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- Noli Me Tangere was published in Madrid and Barcelona (1887)

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- El Filibusterismo was started by Rizal as a continuation of Noli me
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tangere (1887)
- La Solidaridad was established (1888)
- Rizal finished writing El Filibusterismo in France (1891)
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- Rizal arrived in the Philippines and founded La Liga Filipina (1892)

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- Spanish authorities arrested Rizal for organizing La Liga Filipina and was
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exiled to Dapitan, Mindanao (1892)

- Andres Bonifacio led the formation and institution of Katipunan (1894)
- Katipunan revolt had the first real battle for independence takes place in San
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Juan Del Monte (1896)

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- Jose Rizal was sent back to Manila as a prisoner (1896)

- Rizal is sentenced to death and then Governor Camilo Polavieja orders
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his execution. (December 20, 1896)

- Rizal was executed by the Spaniards in Bagumbayan in Manila
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(December 30, 1896)

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2. How did the reforms implemented by the Spanish colonial regime in the 19th century relate
to the experiences of Rizal and his family?
In the 19th century various reforms were implemented. For one that which affected
Rizal’s family the most was the Encomienda system which was implemented on the onset
of the Spanish colonization by the Spaniards. Rizal’s family are one of those wealthy

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 families back in the day not until the reforms made by the spaniards were imposed in
Hacienda de Calamba where his family is from. Dominican friars made profit out of those
farmers living there and grabbed lands from families that are residing in Hacienda de
Calamba, Rizal’s family wasn’t able to dodge the impact as they were somehow severely
affected by the reforms that happened. From there it is as if the life of Jose Rizal went
downhill, also because of what happened to Rizal’s family during the Spanish colonization
especially to his family members like his father and brothers who were deported to Hong
Kong and his mother who was accused of poisoning someone and was punished, this
somehow ignited the desire in Jose Rizal to write his novels. His sufferings were his
inspirations to continue writing and fight not just for his fellow countrymen but for his country
as a whole.

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