READING
When I think about how my life will be after I finish
1. Read the opening sentence in the text.
What can you infer from it?
a. The writer has finished school.
b. The writer hasn't finished school.
2. Read the rest of the text and choose the
correct answer.
1. The New York Times. ...
a. is owned by Rupert Murdoch
b. was owned by a different family a century
ago
c. is an important part of Murdoch's company
d. has been run for over 100 years by one
family
2. Joely Richardson. .. .
a. is Vanessa Redgrave's granddaughter
b. belongs to a well-known acting family in
Britain
c. is part of a famous American acting family
d. is Sir Michael Redgrave's daughter
3. Find words or expressions in the text that
mean the opposite of:
1. unlikely, improbable (paragraph 3) ..
2. minor (paragraph 3)
3. achieved a goal (paragraph 5)
4. Find words or phrases in the text that mean
the same as:
1. pair (paragraph 4)
2. inherited, genetic (paragraph 4)
3. determination (paragraph 6)
5. Complete the sentences according to the text.
1. Dudley Singleton & Daughter is an example of
2. Julian and Sean Lennon have not.
44
school, I can't help thinking about how things might be
if I had a different family ... .
If my parents were small-business owners, I could aspire
to be the "son" in one of those companies with names
like "Smith & Sons". Wherever I go, I'm noticing this
on signs all over London. I've even seen a "Dudley
Singleton & Daughter", for an estate agent's firm.
If my parents were media tycoons, I might have a
realistic chance of running a newspaper or television
station. The respected newspaper The New York Times
has been controlled by generations of the same family
for more than a century. And some of the children of
Rupert Murdoch - founder and head of a worldwide
media company - have held key positions in their
father's businesses. Note to Mr Murdoch: if you'd like
to adopt a teenager, I'm available!
If my parents were actors, I'm sure I could be a famous
film star like many of the actors today. Ben Stiller's
parents were a comedy duo for years; Kate Hudson's
mother is actress Goldie Hawn; Michael Douglas' father
is actor Kirk Douglas. Drew Barrymore comes from
a long line of American actors, and Joely Richardson
is part of a distinguished British acting dynasty that
includes her mum, Vanessa Redgrave, and grandfather,
Sir Michael Redgrave. In these cases, talent seems to be
in the blood!
If my parents were in the music business, I might be
a singer like Enrique Iglesias, the son of world-famous
singer Julio Iglesias. On the other hand, John Lennon's
sons, Julian and Sean, have released CDs, but have fallen
far short of the success of their Beatle father- to whom
they're inevitably compared.
Obviously, family connections can help. But we
shouldn't ignore the fact that success requires drive,
ability, talent and, of course, some luck- no matter who
your family is.
Choose the correct word.

1 Climate change will continue if / unless we do something.

2 If / Unless global warming gets worse, the ice caps will melt.

3 When / Until the ice caps melt, the sea levels will rise.

4 When / Until we decrease carbon emissions, pollution will increase.

5 As soon as / Until we take action, things will change.

6 If / Unless we do something now, it’ll be too late.

Match the beginnings (1–7) with the endings (a–g) to make sentences.

1 If people don’t stop flying, a carbon emissions will be reduced.

2 People won’t stop flying b global warming will get worse.

3 If it becomes more expensive to fly, c the air quality will get better.

4 If we fly less frequently, d people will look for alternative ways to

travel.
5 Carbon emissions will continue to
increase e unless the prices increase.

6 If we pay to offset our carbon emissions, f unless we stop flying.

7 If we continue flying, g we’ll have to pay a carbon tax.

Complete the following sentences with If or Unless.

1. I will take the job .......................... the pay is too low.

2. I will be back tomorrow ............................ there is a plane strike.

3. Let’s go for a walk ..................................... you are too tired.

4. I am going to work in the garden this afternoon, .............................. it rains.

5. I will be surprised............................ he doesn’t have an accident soon.

6. I think she would look prettier .............................. she didn’t wear so much make-up.

7.you don’t stop smoking, you will fall seriously ill.

8.you start now, you will not reach there in time.

9.I were rich, I would spend all my time traveling.

10.I have enough time tomorrow, I will come and see you.

Rephrase the following sentences as in the examples.

Unless Sammy feels well, he won’t go to school.

If

If you don’t water the plants, they will die.

Unless
We will go bicycle riding this afternoon unless it rains.

We

.Unless the children behave themselves, they won’t go to the cinema.

If

If it doesn’t rain, the party will be outside.

Unless

He will be very tired unless he has a rest.

If

If she doesn’t phone me, I won’t phone her.

Unless

.- I will come to the party if I don’t have to work.

- If I have to work I

- David will buy a car if he passes his driving test.

Unless.

- The twins will wake up if they are hungry.

Unless.

- Anne will answer the phone if she is at home.

Unless

NOW LOOK AT THE SITUATIONS AND WRITE CONDITIONAL SENTENCES:

1 (EXAMPLE) You should take more exercise because that’s the way to get fit.
If you take more exercise you ‘ll get fit.

2 I can't take much exercise because I don't have enough free time.

If I ......................................more free time, I …………………………………

3 Many people didn't realise that smoking was dangerous when they were young. Now they are
middle-aged they are having serious health problems.

If people ............................... , they................................... now they are middle-aged.

4 Hardly anyone was concerned about pollution in the 1960s. The first motorways were built then.

The first motorways ………………….... if more people ...................................in the 1960s.

5 The schoolchildren sowed some seeds, but they forgot to water them so they didn't grow.

The seeds ........................... if the schoolchildren ................................... .

6 It's important to protect wildlife now or there will be nothing left for future generation.
 If we .................................... , there.................................. for future generations.

7 People don't realise how important it is to conserve energy, so they do nothing about it.

If people ............................. they .......................................... something about it.

8 Many poor farmers are encouraged to grow crops to sell instead of food. This means they have
problems feeding their families when prices fall.

If poor farmers ……….……..…. instead of food, they .................................................. feeding their

families when prices fall.

COMPLETE THE QUESTIONS IN THE CONVERSATIONS.

1 EVA: I don't know what's happened to my dictionary. I've looked everywhere for it.
SUE: What will you do if you don' find it?.
EVA: I suppose I'll have to buy a new one.

2 TIM: I'm thinking of applying for the manager's job.

ANN: Really? How if ?
TIM: Oh, about £2,000 a year more than now, I suppose.

3 MAY: I don't know what I'm going to do about money. I can't even pay this week's rent.
LEE. ... if ......................................................................................................?
MAY: Well, it would help, of course. But I can't borrow from you.
LEE: Don't be silly. How much do you want?

4 IAN: This room is so dark and dull.

PHIL: What if .................................................................................?
IAN: White, I think. And I'd have white curtains.
PHIL: You'd spend a lot of time cleaning it.
IAN: But at least I'd be able to see!

5 BILL: I don't think I'm going to pass my driving test next week.
BEN. What if .............................................. ?
BILL: I won't be able to get the job I want at the warehouse. They said I must he able to drive.

REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES BEGINNING WITH THE WORDS GIVEN:

1- Take these pills three times a day and you’ll soon feel better.

If you

2- I couldn’t meet him because he had moved.

If he

3- I can’t live in the country because I can’t find a job there.

If I

4- Tell me your address. I might need it.

Tell me your address in case

5- Unless you study hard you won’t pass your exams.

 If you

6- Visiting Israel won’t be possible without a visa.

Unless

7- I didn’t pass because I didn’t study.

If I

8- Sally won’t go to Nebraska because she doesn’t have enough money.

If Sally

If or Unless?

Choose the correct word.

Q1 - you are caught drinking and driving, you will lose your license.

Q2 - you stop smoking, you'll be seriously ill.

Q3 - I won't be able to do it you help me.

Q4 - you stop making that noise, I'll call the police.

Q5 - you're late, I'll leave without you.

Q6 - he gets caught, he'll make a fortune.

Q7 - he gets caught, he'll go to jail.

Q8 - I won't do it you agree to help me; I'm not doing it alone.

Q9 - she pays up, we're going to be in real trouble.

Q10 - we get the cheque today, we must bank it.

Q11 - She'll never agree to that you accept her suggestions.

Q12 - they're late again, I'll be furious.

Q13 - I don't want to go out it's raining- I hate getting wet.

Q14 - We'll be in trouble it goes wrong.

Rephrase the following sentences as indicated below.

1. Send him a telegram now and he gets it this evening.

If you

2. He doesn’t write to me and I don’t write to him.

If he

3. The child was killed because the train didn’t stop quickly.
If the train had

4. He caught a cold because he didn’t put on his overcoat.

He wouldn’t if he

5. They waited for me and so we met.

If they hadn’t

6. You broke the window and so the teacher got angry.

The teacher wouldn’t _if you

7. There wasn’t time to show us over the town.

If there had , he

8. He wants to sell his car now but he might not get much money for it.
If he sells

9. Be careful not to spoil it!

If you aren´t

10. They told us and we found the way.

If they hadn´t

11. Help me! I may need you.

Will you

12. I called him and so he came.

If I hadn’t

13. I studied hard and so I went to medical school.

If I hadn’t

14. She was late because the car broke down.

If her car hadn’t

15. I didn´t forget because he rang me on Friday night.

If he hadn’t

Mixed Conditionals Exercise + or -

1 If you .......................................... late again for training again today (to be), I ..........................................
you play in tomorrow’s match. (let)

2 I.......................................... all August in Thailand (to spend) if I .......................................... the time and

the money. (to have) Maybe next year.

3 I .......................................... angry (to be) if you ...........................................my chocolate mousse. (to

eat)

4 If just one person .......................................... my birthday (remember), I ........................................... sad.

(to be)

5 You.......................................... sorry (to be) if you .............................................. for your exams. (to revise)

6 I .......................................... that umbrella inside the house (open) if I........................................... you. (to

be) It's bad luck.

7 We.......................................... (to eat) out if there ......................................... no food at home. (to be)

8 The holidays .......................................... great (to be) if the weather ...........................................better. (to
be)

9 I .......................................... out with him (to go) even if you .......................................... me. (to pay)

10 If you .......................................... me about the concert (to tell), I ...........................................(to go)

11 If you .......................................... so much beer (to drink), you ........................................... so fat. (to be)

12 If I.......................................... you were coming (to know), I........................................... a cake. (to bake)

13 The world .......................................... a better place (to be) if politicians .......................................... less

vain. (to be)

14 You.......................................... it better (to do) if you ........................................... more time over it. (to
take)

15 If I .......................................... more about computers (to understand), I.......................................... help

you out. (to be able to)

16 I.......................................... enough milk for the weekend (to have) if I ..........................................

shopping on Friday. (to go)

17 They.......................................... their children (to punish) if they .......................................... bad reports

from school. (to get)

18 What .............................. you .............................. (to do) if you........................................... your house

keys? (to lose)

19 What .............................. you .............................. (to do) if your neighbour ..........................................

you

to dinner? (to invite)

20 What .............................. they .............................. (to do) if they........................................... to class

today? (to come)

21 What type of music .............................. they .............................. (to play) if

they .......................................... a disco? (to have)

Rewrite the following sentences using the suggested alternative

As long as

1. You should put more paper in the photocopier tray. That way you will not have any problems.

Only if

2. Do not include that book in the reference list unless you have used it in the main text.
Otherwise

3. If lectures are boring students will not want to attend.

Provided that

4. If you include all the correct references you will not be plagiarising.

Providing that

5. If you have already answered the first question, you can do the second question.

Supposing

6. She will graduate next year if she passes all her courses.

Unless

7. Don’t take this course if you are not ready to study statistics.

When

8. If we read the results carefully we are more aware of the limitations in the study.

Whenever

9. We always have to wear goggles if we enter the lab.

Whether or not

10. They will invest in the project even if it does not make a lot of money.

Use the Contionals 1, 2 or 3

1. Neill might fail the exam. But he can take it again

If Neill……..

2. Barbara went to bed late and so she overslept.

If Barbara….

3. Why don’t you ask for a pay rise? You’ll probably get one.

If you………

4. Alan is so fat because he eats too much

If Alan…

5. Ann doesn’t look nice because her clothes are always untidy.
 If her clothes….

6. I dream of winning the lottery in order to buy a large car.

If I …..

7. If you want my advice , don’t sell the car

If I………….

8. I couldn’t go to the cinema with you last night because I was too busy.

If I…

9. It’s quite possible you’ll lose the cheques. If so, you will need to phone

this number.

If you…

10. Gary couldn’t play basketball because he was ill.

If Gary…

11. The parcel might arrive today. You’ll have to sign for it.

If …

12. I want to visit China but I don’t have a visa.

If I…

13. You should ask your friends for help. This is what I would do.

If I….

14. Tom didn’t buy the book because it was too expensive.

Tom……..

Complete the following sentences with the 3rd or mixed

contional.

1.- If you hadn’t lied to me so many times, now I

.................... (trust) you.

2.- You wouldn’t have lost your job if you ........................

(be) hard-working.

3.- If you hadn’t got so fat, you........................perfectly

(wear) this dress tomorrow

4.- Fionna ........... ( have) a good opportunity to pass now if

she had taken her studies seriously

5.- I feel guilty as If I .... (follow) her advice then, I ....... (not

make) that terrible mistake

6.- If Mark .................... (look after) her wife, now they

............. (not, break up)

7.- My boss ................. (not, feel) disappointed now, if I had

 fulfilled my duties.

8.- If we all ....................(know) the consequences, we

.................. (not, act) that way. Now there’s

nothing that can be done.

9.- They .............. (can) play the next match if they had

trained hard enough to be fit.

10.- If you had thought about it, you ................(probably,

feel) the way you do now.

Rewrite these sentences using the word given.

1) If we don’t leave now, we’ll be late for school. (unless)

2) Unless they stop that noise, I’ll call the police. (if)

3) She won’t find tickets for the concert if she doesn’t book them soon. (unless)

4) If I don’t borrow Patrick’s lawn mower, it will take me ages to cut the grass. (unless)

5) The mirror will fall unless you use a strong nail. (if)

6) Unless it rains, we’ll go to the football match. (if)