UNIT 11: Leaders and Thinkers – TEST

Name: Thomas Esperanza Herrera ..Date: 08/09/2021

VOCABULARY
1 Read the text and choose the correct word, A, B, C or D, for each gap. The first one is done for you.

A new approach to management

Adam Warwick is leading the (0) __D__ in the management of Internet businesses. He saw how
many online companies were going out of (1) ___A__ and he realized he needed to do
(2) __C___ different. Like in many new Internet businesses, his employees were feeling
(3) __C___ . Warwick heard about a company in Brazil that (4) __A___ business by putting its
employees first, giving them more freedom in how they worked. He decided to give it a
(5) ___D___ . He let his workers choose their own hours and whether to work at home. Friends
and colleagues thought he was (6) __B___ of his mind, but then the company started (7)
__B___ a lot of money. More important to Warwick is the fact that his employees feel (8)
___A__ where they are: ‘I want everyone to feel (9) ___B__ home in the company. I (10)
___C__ other leaders to forget about financial success and hand over control to the employees.
It works!’

0 A path B direction C road D way

1 A business B success C money D action
2 A nothing B anything C something D everything
3 A hard B reliable C stressed D tiring
4 A made B set C created D did
5 A drive B push C go D run
6 A crazy B out C off D away
7 A affording B making C producing D doing
8 A happy B pleasing C enjoyable D agreeable
9 A by B at C to D in
10 A imagine B say C suggest D urge

2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the word in CAPITAL LETTERS. The first
one is done for you.

0 Have you had another _________stressful________ day at the office, darling? Come and sit
down. STRESS
11 Bonuses are important in making employees feel ______________valued____________ by
the company. VALUE
12 Can I make a ___________suggestion_______________ ? Why don’t we move the meeting
to the conference room? SUGGEST
13 Has changing Internet provider made a big _________difference_________________ to
your connection speed? DIFFER
14 I hate having nothing to do; I find working hard much more
_________enjoyable______________. ENJOY
15 I need to do something ________relaxing__________________ when I get home from work,
like read a book. RELAX
16 In setting up new companies, there’s always a thin ________diving__________________
line between being brave and being stupid. DIVIDE
17 The conference organizers were very ______welcoming_______________ to us. They
invited us to a wonderful meal. WELCOME
18 All the staff are feeling ________tired_____________ after a week of really hard work.
TIRE
19 We’re going with the cheaper client, and that’s final. We’ve made our
_____________decision______________. DECIDE
20 You’re doing really well, and it’s clear that the boss is _________appreciated__________ of
your work. APPRECIATE

GRAMMAR
3 Complete the text with a suitable word in each gap. Use only one word in each gap. The first
one is done for you.

Business lessons from nature

Harvester ants live in dry deserts where it (0) _____can____ be hard to find water, so they must
(21) ______be______ careful not to spend too much time outside, where they quickly lose
water from their bodies. But they have (22) ______to______ leave their nests, of course; the ant
colony (23) ____can________ die if they stayed in the nest and (24) _______do_____ not look
for food, which also contains the water they need. The decision is a difficult one: when there is
lots of food available outside, the colony (25) ____have______ to send many ants out, but they
must (26) ____not________ go unnecessarily. So who decides? Ant colonies have queens, but
these don’t advise the workers about what they (27) ____should______ do. Instead, ants have a
simple system that controls their behaviour. An ant (28) ______can______ only go out if
another one comes back with food. This way, they don’t (29) ___need______ to communicate
complex messages from one to the other. Humans (30) ____could_____ learn a lot about how to
organize systems from these insects if they paid more attention to the natural world.

4 Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use no more than three words.

31 Doctors recommend getting between seven and nine hours of sleep each night.
Doctors say you ____________to sleep________________ between seven and nine hours
of sleep each night.
32 Only a few adults can function normally after as little as six hours of sleep.
Most adults need _____________to sleep_________________ for more than six hours in
order
to function normally.
33 It isn’t usually necessary for people who do regular exercise to sleep for as long.
People who do regular exercise don’t ___________have___________________ to sleep for
as long.
34 If you can’t sleep, I advise not eating large meals for three hours before bedtime.
If you can’t sleep, you _____________must not_________________ eat large meals for
three hours before bedtime.
35 You should buy good pillows – bad pillows are one of the most common causes of
neck pain.
If I ___had neck pain _______ , I’d buy good pillows to prevent neck pain.
36 I changed my pillow recently and all my neck pain disappeared.
If I _________wouldnt charge _____________________ my pillow recently, my neck pain
wouldn’t
have disappeared.
37 Lorry drivers have to take a break every four and a half hours to avoid accidents.
You _____shouldnt drive______ a lorry for more than four and a half
hours without taking a break, to avoid accidents.
38 One lorry driver went to prison for driving for more hours than he should.
If the lorry driver had stopped driving after four and a half hours,
he ______wouldnt had ________________________ gone to prison.
39 And nurses are more likely to get heart disease because they work irregular hours.
If nurses _____wouldnt work__________________ irregular hours, they wouldn’t be as
likely to get heart disease.
40 We get so stressed about sleeping, but we need to see it as a solution to life’s problems.
If we saw sleep as a solution to life’s problems, we __________would be
________________
so stressed about it.
WRITING
You read this comment online.

I’m preparing for an important exam this summer but I’m not finding it easy.
I planned to spend three hours each day studying and then stop, but I get bored very quickly and
end up daydreaming or checking for messages on Facebook. Then, because I waste so much
time, I need to study all day! I’m really stressed, but I know it shouldn’t be this stressful.
Does anyone have any suggestions?

Write a reply to the comment with your suggestions. Write about 100 words.
You can receive ten marks for including all the necessary points and the conventions of posting
comments.
Hey bro, I saw your comment and I understand you completely. When I was young I always
had trouble studying but I found ways to trick my mind. First of all, you need to turn off all your
mobile devices such as your cell phone, tablet, TV, etc. Then put on some relaxing music or
your favorite artist. Next, you need to sit down to study in a quiet place without noise. You can
change places of study, one day you can be in your room and another day you can go to study
at the lake. Lastly, you need to organize your study method so that it doesn't get boring.
Instead of reading sheets with a lot of unnecessary information, you can draw pictures or
diagrams in summary form. I think that's it, I have been studying this way for years and it has
always been good for me. Hope my tips help you and you can use them. Anything you can send
me an email. Cheers!