Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region V
Sorsogon City School
SORSOGON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Sorsogon City

LEARNING ACTIVITY ON SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATIONS BY

EXTRACTING SQUARE ROOTS
I. Objective: The learner solves quadratic equations by extracting square roots. (M9AL-Ia-b-1)

II. Lesson Presentation:

A quadratic equation in one variable is a mathematical sentence of degree 2 that can be

written in standard form ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b and c are real numbers and a ≠ 0.

Solutions or Roots of Quadratic Equations are the values of the variable/s that make
quadratic equations true.
Example:
➢ x = -1 is a root of the quadratic equation 3x2 + x - 2 = 0 since 3(-1)2 + (-1) - 2 = 0.
➢ x = 2 is not a root of 3x2 + x - 2 = 0 because 3(2)2 + 2 - 2 ≠ 0
In other words, the solutions or roots of a quadratic equation are the numbers that satisfy the
quadratic equation.

The property applied in solving quadratic equations by extracting square roots is the
Square Root Property which states that “if 𝒃 is a real number and 𝒂𝟐 = 𝒃, then 𝒂 = ±√𝒃”.

The method of solving quadratic equations by extracting square roots is generally used
on equations that can be written in the form 𝒙𝟐 = 𝒌 . The linear term is missing or that b = 0
when the equation is in this form. Quadratic equations of the form (𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃)𝟐 = 𝒌 can also be
solved by extracting square roots.

Quadratic equations that can be written in the form 𝒙𝟐 = 𝒌 can be solved by applying
the following properties:
1. If k > 0, then x2 = k has two real solutions or roots: x = ±√𝒌
2. If k = 0, then x2 = k has one real solution or root: x = 0.
3. If k < 0, then x2 = k has no real solutions or roots.

Steps in solving quadratic equations by extracting square roots:

Step 1. Isolate the quadratic term or the squared term on one side of the equation.

Example 1: 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝟓 = 𝟎
𝒙𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓 → by Subtraction Property of Equality
Note that since k = 25, the first property: If k > 0, then x2 = k
has two real solutions or roots: x = ±√𝒌 , is applicable.

Step 2. Extract the square root of both sides of the equation, putting a ± sign before the
expression on the side opposite the quadratic term.

√𝒙𝟐 = ±√𝟐𝟓
𝒙 = ±𝟓
Step 3. Solve the remaining equation for 𝒙 .
𝒙 = 𝟓 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒙 = −𝟓

Step 4. Check by substituting the values in the original equation.

𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝟓 = 𝟎 → (𝟓)𝟐 − 𝟐𝟓 = 𝟎 ; (−𝟓)𝟐 − 𝟐𝟓 = 𝟎
𝟐𝟓 − 𝟐𝟓 = 𝟎 𝟐𝟓 − 𝟐𝟓 = 𝟎
𝟎=𝟎 𝟎=𝟎

Thus, the quadratic equation 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝟓 = 𝟎 has two real solutions or roots: 𝟓 and −𝟓.

Example 2: 𝒕𝟐 = 𝟎
t2 = 0 √𝑡 2 = √0 t=0

Note that since k = 0, the second property: If k = 0, then x2 = k

has one real solution or root: x = 0, is applicable.

Thus, the quadratic equation 𝒕𝟐 = 0 has one real solution or root: 𝒕 = 0.

Example 3: 𝒔𝟐 + 𝟏𝟔 = 𝟎
𝒔𝟐 = −𝟏𝟔 → by Subtraction Property of Equality

Note that since k = −𝟏𝟔, the third property: If k < 0, then

x2 = k has no real solutions or roots, is applicable.

Thus, 𝐬 𝟐 + 𝟏𝟔 = 𝟎 has no real solutions or roots.

Example 4: 𝟑𝒎𝟐 − 𝟏𝟖 = 𝟎
𝟑𝒎𝟐 = 𝟏𝟖 → by Addition Property of Equality

𝟑𝒎𝟐 𝟏𝟖
= → by Division Property of Equality
𝟑 𝟑

𝒎𝟐 = 𝟔
√𝒎𝟐 = ±√𝟔 → extract the square root of both sides of the equation
m = √𝟔 and 𝒎 = −√𝟔

To check: 𝟑𝒎𝟐 − 𝟏𝟖 = 𝟎 → 𝟑(√𝟔)𝟐 − 𝟏𝟖 = 𝟎 ; 𝟑(−√𝟔)𝟐 − 𝟏𝟖 = 𝟎

𝟑(𝟔) − 𝟏𝟖 = 𝟎 3(6) − 𝟏𝟖 = 𝟎
𝟎=𝟎 𝟎=𝟎

Thus, the quadratic equation 𝟑𝐦𝟐 − 𝟏𝟖 = 𝟎 has two real solutions or roots: √𝟔 and − √𝟔.

Example 5: (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 − 𝟗 = 𝟎
(𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟗 → by Addition Property of Equality
√(𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 = ±√𝟗 → extract the square root of both sides of the equation
𝒚 − 𝟑 = ±𝟑
𝒚=𝟑±𝟑 → by Addition Property of Equality
𝒚 = 𝟑 + 𝟑 and 𝒚 = 𝟑 − 𝟑
𝒚 = 𝟔 and 𝒚 = 𝟎
 To check: (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 − 𝟗 = 𝟎
(𝟔 − 𝟑)𝟐 − 𝟗 = 𝟎 ; (𝟎 − 𝟑)𝟐 − 𝟗 = 𝟎
(𝟑)𝟐 − 𝟗 = 𝟎 (−𝟑)𝟐 − 𝟗 = 𝟎
𝟗−𝟗 =𝟎 𝟗−𝟗=𝟎
𝟎=𝟎 𝟎=𝟎

Thus, the quadratic equation (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 − 𝟗 = 𝟎 has two real solutions or roots: 6 and 0.

III. Learning Activities:

Practice Task 1: You Can Do It!
Directions: Solve the following quadratic equations by extracting square roots. Provide
an extra sheet for your solutions.
1. x2 = 16
2. r 2 – 100 = 0
3. 2s2 = 50
4. (k – 4)2 = 169
5. (2s – 1)2 – 225 = 0

Practice Task 2: Justify Me!

Sheryl says that the solutions of the quadratic equations w2 = 9 and w2 + 9 = 0 are the
same. Do you agree with Sheryl? Justify your answer.

IV. Generalization:

Give three (3) quadratic equations which can be solved by extracting square roots
applying the three properties where k > 0, k = 0 and k < 0. Provide an extra sheet for your
solutions.

V. Evaluation:

Directions: Draw a diagram to illustrate the given situation. Solve by extracting square
roots. Provide an extra sheet for your solution.

A 9 ft2 square painting is mounted with border on a square frame.

If the total area of the border is 3. 25 ft2, what is the length of a side
of the frame?

ANSWER KEY:
Practice Task 1: Practice Task 2:
1. 𝒙 = 𝟒 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝒙 = −𝟒 No, the solutions of w² = 9 and w² + 9 = 0 are not the
2. 𝒓 = 𝟏𝟎 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝒓 = −𝟏𝟎 same. The equation w² = 9 has two real solutions
3. 𝒔 = 𝟓 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝒔 = −𝟓 or roots: 3 and -3 while w² + 9 = 0 → w² = - 9 has
4. 𝒌 = 𝟏𝟕 and 𝒌 = −𝟗 no real solution or root.
5. 𝒔 = 𝟖 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝒔 = −𝟕

Prepared by: Reviewed by:

MARIA GINA D. MIJARES CRISANTA L. BLAZO

Teacher III MT I