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Christopher Wenger
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Christopher Wenger
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1 2 3 4 5 — 24 23 22 21 20

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SCOPE & SEQUENCE..........................................................................................................................................ii
TO THE STUDENT................................................................................................................................................. vi
UNIT 1 THINGS I'M INTO................................................................................................................ 1
UNIT 2 A DAY OUT............................................................................................................................. 11
UNIT 3 GOOD VACATION, BAD VACATION.................................................................. 21
UNIT 4 IN THE OLD DAYS........................................................................................................... 31
UNIT 5 HAVE YOU EVER?........................................................................................................... 41
UNITS 1–5 REVIEW, ASSESSMENT, CONNECT & EXTEND.................................... 51
UNIT 6 MY RÉSUMÉ.......................................................................................................................53
UNIT 7 MY BUCKET LIST............................................................................................................63
UNIT 8 LATE AGAIN.........................................................................................................................73
UNIT 9 MY PLANS MIGHT CHANGE................................................................................83
UNIT 10 WHAT WOULD YOU DO?.........................................................................................93
UNITS 6–10 REVIEW, ASSESSMENT, CONNECT & EXTEND.................................103
UNIT 11 TIME TO TRAVEL...........................................................................................................105
UNIT 12 BUSY DAY............................................................................................................................ 115
UNIT 13 HEALTHY HABITS......................................................................................................... 125
UNIT 14 AN AMAZING MOVIE................................................................................................ 135
UNIT 15 GOOD MANNERS........................................................................................................ 145
UNITS 11–15 REVIEW, ASSESSMENT, CONNECT & EXTEND................................. 155
UNIT 16 FAVORITE PLACES.......................................................................................................157
UNIT 17 FOOD CHOICES.............................................................................................................167
UNIT 18 MY GRANDFATHER ALWAYS SAYS................................................................177
UNIT 19 EVERYDAY TECHNOLOGY....................................................................................187
UNIT 20 WE HAVE WORK TO DO..........................................................................................197
UNITS 16–20 REVIEW, ASSESSMENT, CONNECT & EXTEND.................................207

SCOPE & SEQUENCE
VOCABULARY CONVERSATION PRONUNCIATION GRAMMAR
1
Hobbies and Talking about Linking sounds /s/ Simple present and
THINGS I'M INTO
interests interests and /z/ present continuous
Describing hobbies review
and interests Stative verbs
READING LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING

Old hobbies, new People talking about Talking about your Writing about a
people their hobbies, why hobby hobby you’d like to try
they enjoy them
2
Preparing for outings Talking about going Pausing between Zero conditional with
A DAY OUT
to an amusement clauses if, when, unless
park

Twelve simple rules Friends making plans Talking about making Writing advice and
to live by to go somewhere fun plans listing rules
3 GOOD VACATION, Adventurous Texting about Intonation and stress Past continuous and
BAD VACATION vacation activities vacations to express surprise or simple past review
concern Clauses with before,
after, while, when

The problem vacation People talking about Talking about a Writing about losing
their recent vacations recent vacation, something
outing, or gathering
4
Activities from the Talking about Reduction of used to Habitual actions in
IN THE OLD DAYS past changes over time the past with used to

Music, then and now People talking about Talking about what Comparing your life
how they used to do you or a family now with another's in
things member used to do the past
5
Dangerous or Discussing Reduction of have Present perfect with
HAVE YOU EVER? adventurous adventurous you, has he/she ever and never
activities activities

Daring work People talking Talking about things Writing about being
about adventurous you’ve done or want adventurous or not
activities to try
UNITS 1–5 REVIEW, ASSESS, CONNECT & EXTEND (RACE)
ii

SCOPE & SEQUENCE
6
Work experience Discussing a job Reduction of sounds Present perfect with
MY RÉSUMÉ
Personal qualities application and in numbers for and since
qualifications

Interview don’ts People talking about Talking about why Writing about a
qualifications during you are qualified for dream job
a job interview a position
7
Bucket list goals Talking about goals Syllable stress in Present perfect with
MY BUCKET LIST
for a bucket list longer words already and yet

My bucket list People talking about Talking about what is Writing about
accomplishments on your bucket list things that you have
and goals accomplished
8
Reasons behind Talking about why a Reduction at the end Modals for
LATE AGAIN
problems friend might be late of might, must, could speculating: may,
might, could, must

How late is late? People talking about Speculating about Writing about what
why someone is late why someone is late you might do in the
future
9 MY PLANS MIGHT Conditions that Talking about Emphasis of words First conditional with
CHANGE affect outcomes and weekend plans to stress probability may, might, could, will
choices probably

Don’t let it get you People talking about Talking about Writing about what
down weekend plans and weekend plans and you will do tomorrow
what might change what might change
10 WHAT WOULD YOU Problems and Talking about a Pausing between Second conditional
DO? dilemmas broken or stolen clauses with would:
tablet Questions and
statements

Do you believe in People talking about Talking about facing Writing about
karma? what they would do a moral or ethical winning the lottery
in a dilemma dilemma
iii

SCOPE & SEQUENCE
11
Travel planning Giving a friend Word stress in Modals for
TIME TO TRAVEL
advice on preparing compound nouns necessity and
for a trip recommendation:
must, have to, ought
to, should
To adventure! People giving advice Talking about a Writing advice for
on how to prepare future vacation or visiting your country
for a trip travel plan for the first time
12
Busy day activities Talking about a busy Three-letter Separable phrasal
BUSY DAY
day at work consonant blends verbs

Multitasking: Reality People talking about Talking about a busy Writing about
or myth? busy work situations day weekend chores
13
Healthy living Discussing healthy Different ways to Gerunds as subjects
HEALTHY HABITS
habits and behaviors pronounce vowel or objects
combinations

An apple a day keeps People discussing Talking about healthy Writing about a
the doctor away healthy decisions or or unhealthy habits healthy habit or one
changes you’d like to change
14
Feelings and Disagreeing about a Contrastive stress Participial adjectives
AN AMAZING MOVIE
descriptions movie ending in -ed /-ing
Making movies

Have you seen that People giving Talking about a movie Writing about a
movie? opinions about you have seen or movie you didn’t like
movies want/don't want to see
15
Travel requests Making small talk on Reduction of do you/ Requests and offers
GOOD MANNERS
an airplane would you/could you with can, could, and
would
Will for promises and
commitments
The golden days of People making polite Making polite Writing to offer
flying requests requests to get help assistance
iv

SCOPE & SEQUENCE
16
Describing favorite Talking about favorite Reduction of /t/ Review of
FAVORITE PLACES
places places comparative and
superlative adjectives
Comparatives with as
+ adjective + as
Dangerous vacations People describing a Talking about a place Writing about a
favorite place to visit you or others like to place you do not like
visit visiting
17
Food and diet Discussing diet R-controlled vowels More/less/fewer,
FOOD CHOICES
too much/many, not
much/many, (not)
enough + noun

A world of diets People talking about Talking about your or Writing about typical
their diet another person's diet food in your country
18 MY GRANDFATHER Common proverbs Talking about not Pronouncing ask, Direct speech
ALWAYS SAYS... making quick asks, asked
judgments

There’s an old People talking about Talking about Writing about a
saying… proverbs sayings, advice, and quote and whether
proverbs you agree with it
19 EVERYDAY Technology use Comparing use of Letter combinations Compounds with

TECHNOLOGY cell phones and ci and ti as /ʃ/ some, any, every, no
social media

Technology that People talking about Talking about using Writing about how
changed the world using technology technology technology may
affect life in the future
20 WE HAVE WORK TO Work obligations Talking about being Intonation for Noun phrase +
DO busy commiserating infinitive to express
necessity

Working hard People talking about Talking about things Writing about
their busy schedules that have to get done preparing for an
event
v

Welcome to the CONNECTED Community!
My name is Christopher Wenger. I’m the author of CONNECTED. Like you, I’m
a language learner. I have studied Spanish, French, Japanese, Korean, German,
Portuguese, Tagalog, and American Sign Language. I want to study even
more languages. I love languages. I know that learning a new language can
sometimes be difficult. But it can also be very exciting. For me, these are the
keys to learning a foreign language:
INPUT
You need to read and listen to the language. You need useful vocabulary and expressions. You
need to both learn and notice how the language is used. The more the better! In CONNECTED,
you can find great language input in the Student Book and Workbook, as well as text, audio, and
videos on the CONNECTED website.
PRACTICE
You need to practice the language. Learn and practice vocabulary and grammar. Practice
pronunciation. Practice the skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Many learners have
studied English for years, but can’t speak it. CONNECTED gives you many chances to practice
using new language in a clear, easy way.
PERSONALIZATION
It is easier to learn a language when you can talk about things that are interesting to you or
useful in reaching your goals. Whenever you see the icon in CONNECTED, this is a chance
for you to give information about yourself or things that you are interested in. In the RACE units,
the icon provides opportunities to practice language for academic situations, and the
icon is for using language in workplace contexts.
MOTIVATION
This is perhaps the most important tool for language learning. Understanding your own goals
and checking your progress are essential to keeping you motivated in your language learning.
The CONNECTED site provides Personal Path tools for you to assess yourself and opportunities
to connect with me and with other learners using the series.
To see this information in other languages, visit the CONNECTED site.
Para ver esta información en otros idiomas, visite el sitio web de Connected.
Para ver essas informações em outros idiomas, visite o site do Connected.
要以其他语言查看此信息，请访问Connected网站。
이 정보를 다른 언어로 보려면 Connected 웹 사이트를 방문하십시오.
この情報を他の言語で表示するには、
Connected Webサイトにアクセスしてください。
vi

UNIT
1 THINGS I'M INTO
UNIT GOALS
In this unit, you will practice the following:
Vocabulary Reading
Hobbies and interests Old hobbies, new people
Describing hobbies and interests Listening
Conversation People talking about their hobbies, why they
Talking about interests enjoy them
Pronunciation Speaking
Linking sounds /s/ and /z/ Talking about your hobby
Grammar Writing
Simple present and present continuous review Writing about a hobby you’d like to try
Stative verbs
CONNECTED-SB3-U1-200326.indd 1 3/26/20 3:54 PM

Vocabulary | Hobbies and interests
A| Read. Make notes to understand the meanings. Then listen and practice.
coaching a kids’ soccer team

doing tai chi
flower arranging
playing badminton
playing chess
playing drums
running marathons
sewing
studying sign language
writing poetry
B | Look at the pictures. Choose the answer that best completes each sentence.
1 2
Do you like flower arranging / running He enjoys doing tai chi / sewing / writing
marathons / studying sign language? poetry at lunchtime.
2 UNIT 1

3 4
We’re coaching a kids’ soccer team / I like playing drums / sewing / running
playing chess / playing badminton in the marathons, but it’s very hard work!
park today.
5 6
We’re studying sign language / They are playing badminton / doing tai chi
writing poetry / playing chess at school. / running marathons in the morning before
work.
7 8
She’s studying sign language / Brian enjoys coaching a kids’ soccer team /
playing badminton / playing drums for playing badminton / sewing on weekends.
some friends at a party.
9 10
My aunt likes running marathons / They’re playing badminton / doing tai chi /
flower arranging / sewing, but she loves to playing drums because it’s a fun sport.
use a machine.
C| Listen and practice saying the sentences in B.
THINGS I'M INTO 3

Describing hobbies and interests
D| Read. Make notes to understand the meanings. Then listen and practice.
boring
difficult
exciting
exhausting
fun
interesting
messy
relaxing
E | Look at the pictures. Choose the correct word(s) to complete each sentence.
1 21 3 4
Reading on the beach Winning a marathon Making this weaving They think hiking in the
sounds exhausting / looks messy / seems difficult / messy. winter is fun / boring.
relaxing. exhausting.
5 61 7 8
She thinks reading on Riding a motorcycle He thinks playing chess They make painting look
the computer seems looks messy / exciting. looks interesting / exhausting / messy.
boring / fun. boring.
F| Listen and practice saying the I’d like to try playing chess.

sentences in E. It looks exciting.
G| Which of the activities in A would

you like to try? Why? Tell a partner.
4 UNIT 1

Conversation
A| Read and listen to the conversation.
Jen Excuse me. That looks interesting. What are you doing?
Sam I’m doing tai chi.
Jen Tai chi? It looks very relaxing.
Sam It is very relaxing. I do tai chi every day.
Jen I run every day.
Sam Why do you run every day?
Jen I run marathons. And I’m training for a marathon now.
Sam Really? I run marathons, too. Tai chi is good for running.
Jen That’s very interesting. Let me try.
Sam What are you doing?
Jen I’m doing tai chi!
Sam That looks…interesting!
B | Choose the correct answers.

1 What is Sam doing?
a He’s doing tai chi. b He’s playing badminton.
2 What does Jen do every day?
a She runs every day. b She swims every day.
3 What do Sam and Jen have in common?
a They don’t like to do tai chi. b They like to run marathons.
C | Practice the conversation with a partner.

Pronunciation | Linking sounds /s/ and /z/
A| Listen. Notice the linking sounds of the letters in bold. Then practice.
Chris enjoys writing poetry. He thinks playing chess looks interesting.

We’re playing chess in the park. She’s playing drums at a party.
Winning a marathon looks exhausting. Riding a motorcycle sounds exciting.
B | Find more phrases or sentences with these linking sounds. Practice.

THINGS I'M INTO 5

Grammar | Simple present and present continuous review
A| Read and listen to the grammar presentation.
Questions Short answers
What are you doing? I’m doing yoga. I usually do yoga on Mondays.
What is Megan writing? She’s writing poetry. She often writes poetry for her boyfriend.
Is Mike coaching baseball? Yes, he’s coaching his son’s team. He coaches every weekend.
No, they’re not playing checkers. They’re playing chess. They
Are they playing checkers?
sometimes play chess in the park.
B | Choose the correct verb tense to complete the sentences.

1 Sara runs / is running every morning. Right now, she runs / is running in the park with Mike.
2 We don’t drive / aren’t driving to work today. We usually drive / are driving, but it rains / is
raining today.
3 Yoshi and Juan go / are going to the same school. Right now, they study / are studying
in the library.
4 I usually do / am doing tai chi in the park. I don’t do / am not doing tai chi today because it’s
cold outside.
5 Kim studies / is studying sign language at the community center. She studies / is studying for an
exam right now.
Stative verbs
C| Read and listen to the grammar presentation.

The pasta that you made tastes amazing.
Tai chi doesn’t look exciting.
Something smells really good. TIP
Stative verbs are not normally used in
This sweater doesn’t feel very soft. the present continuous.
The lecture sounds boring.
D | Complete the sentences using the words from the box.

feel look smell sound taste
1 Hearing about running the marathon __________________

exhausting. Your music sounds
2 The meal that my mother made __________________ fantastic. great.
3 It __________________ exciting when I dive in the ocean.
4 The flowers in the garden __________________ so good.
5 Snowboarding __________________ easy, but it is really hard to do.
E| Make up sentences of your own using stative verbs.

Tell a partner.
6 UNIT 1

Reading
A | Do you know the meaning of these words and phrases? If not, write their meanings.
costumes spin wool
knitting tools
meet up turn into
pass the time wedding
patterns yarn
B | Read the article.
Old hobbies, new people

Growing up, I remember my grandmother was always knitting. She met with her
friends a few times a week at a knitting group. They did it just to pass the time. I
always thought knitting was a hobby for older people. But in the past few years,
people of all ages have started useful hobbies like knitting.
A lot of young people like to knit because it is relaxing. The internet makes it
easy to learn how to knit. Some sites sell patterns and others sell yarn and
tools. On social media sites, you can meet up with people from all over the
world who share your hobby. There are even videos that teach you how to
knit. Some young people are even learning to spin their own wool!
Knitting is just one of many strange and useful hobbies that people are
trying. Some people learn flower arranging for their wedding, while
others learn how to sew to make costumes and clothes. People are
learning new, useful hobbies all the time. Some people even turn their
hobbies into jobs!
C | Read the sentences. Choose the correct answers.

1 Knitting is a hobby ___.
a only for older people b for everyone
2 Some people knit because it is ___.
a relaxing b boring
3 There are ___ online that teach you how to knit.
a videos b classes
4 Some people learn flower arranging for ___.
a weddings b fun
5 People can turn useful hobbies into ___.
a sweaters b jobs
THINGS I'M INTO 7

Listening
adopted mistakes
challenging planning
discover recipes
engineer secret
herbs spices
Mandarin stressed out
medical student sweater
B| Listen. Write the number of the speaker next to the correct picture. One is not used.

a ______ b ______
c ______ d ______
C| Listen again. Who said it? Write the number next to the correct sentence.
1 ____ I’m planning to visit China next summer.
2 ____ I’m always discovering new recipes online.
3 ____ I’m making a red sweater.
4 ____ I never eat out.
5 ____ I prefer to learn by myself.
6 ____ I get really stressed out.
8 UNIT 1

Speaking
A|
Choose one of the topics. Prepare notes for your answer. Use the information in
EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you prepare.
Talk about either something you like

Do you have a hobby? Describe your
hobby and why you enjoy it.
OR doing alone or something you prefer to
do with other people.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
One hobby I have is looking I restore old furniture. I find

for interesting rocks, shells, it therapeutic, and I like the
sticks and other things in challenge. Right now, I’m
nature. I do crafts with them, working on restoring an old
like making wind chimes. dresser.
I don’t like going out to

Every day I do yoga. I know
eat alone. I think eating a
some people like doing yoga
meal is something to share
in a group, but I prefer to do
with others and a time to
it alone.
socialize.
B| Talk about your topic with a partner. Ask your partner questions to get

more information.
What is challenging
What else do you about it? Why do you prefer
make? doing yoga alone?
THINGS I'M INTO 9

Writing
A | Read the example. Answer the questions that follow. Tell a partner.
I want to try hula hooping. It’s interesting to me because

it looks fun. And you get good exercise doing it. I also
want to do it because it’s something you can do outdoors.
I like being outdoors. The other thing I like about hula
hooping is that you can either do it alone or with other
people. Also, it can be competitive, but it doesn’t have to
be. I already have a hula hoop. My sister gave it to me
for my birthday. Now I’m going to see if there are hula
hooping classes near me!
• What hobby does the writer want to try?

• Why does the writer want to try hula hooping?
• What new hobby are you interested in doing?
B| Write about a hobby or interest you want to try. Share why it is interesting to you. Use

the information in EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
It’s interesting to m
e
because…
I want to try…
it looks challenging.
juggling.
it’s a way to meet pe
weight training. ople.
I can be creative d
making pottery. oing it.
an ___
I like that you c
while doing it.
compete or not
get outdoors
others
be alone or with
10 UNIT 1

UNIT
2 A DAY OUT
UNIT GOALS
Vocabulary Reading
Preparing for outings Twelve simple rules to live by
Conversation Listening
Talking about going to an amusement park Friends making plans to go somewhere fun
Pausing between clauses Talking about making plans
Grammar Writing
Zero conditional with if, when, unless Writing advice and listing rules
11

Vocabulary | Preparing for outings
take an umbrella
take your sunglasses
wear sunscreen
wear comfortable shoes
decide on a meeting place
take a book
charge your phone
bring bug repellent
bring a map
fill your water bottle
wear your headphones
wear your hiking boots
1 2
Unless you like getting lost, ____. Before you go hiking, ____.
a bring a map a charge your phone
b bring bug repellent b decide on a meeting place
c charge your phone c fill your water bottle
12 UNIT 2

3 4
Remember to ____ before you go hiking. Before we get together tonight, we should
a bring a map ____ where we will both go.
b charge your phone a charge your phone
c decide on a meeting place b decide on a meeting place
c fill your water bottle
5 6
When you go to the woods, ____ to keep When you go out for lunch today, ____.
insects away. a decide on a meeting place
a bring bug repellent b take an umbrella
b charge your phone c take your sunglasses
c bring a map
7 8
If it’s sunny outside, you should ____. If you ride the bus, ____.
a charge your phone a take a book
b bring bug repellent b take an umbrella
c take your sunglasses c take your sunglasses
A DAY OUT 13

9 10
When you walk to my house, ____. When you go to the beach, ____ so you don’t
a wear comfortable shoes get a sunburn.
b wear your headphones a wear your headphones
c take an umbrella b wear sunscreen
c take your sunglasses
11 12
4
Remember to ____ if you go for a long walk in If you like listening to music, ____ when you
the mountains. ride the subway.
a wear your headphones a bring a map
b take a book b decide on a meeting place
c wear your hiking boots c wear your headphones
D| How often do you do the things in A when you go out? Tell a partner.
I always take an umbrella

when I go out.
14 UNIT 2

Conversation
Daphne What are your plans for this weekend?
Matt I’m going to the amusement park.
Daphne That sounds crazy.
Matt Why? I love going to the amusement park.
Daphne Unless you’re OK with crowded places, don’t go to the amusement park on a weekend.
Matt I’m not like you, Daphne. I like being in crowds.
Daphne And, unless you have lots of money, don’t take a taxi to the amusement park.
Matt Don’t worry. I’m taking the bus.
Well, if you take the bus, take a video game and your headphones.
Daphne It’s a long and noisy ride.
Matt It’s OK. I like taking the bus.
Daphne When you’re at the amusement park, wear sunglasses and sunscreen.
Matt Daphne, if you’re free this weekend, come to the amusement park with me.
Daphne Thanks, but no thanks.

1 Where is Matt going? a to the amusement park b to the beach
2 Who doesn’t like being in crowds? a Matt b Daphne
3 Is Daphne going with Matt to the amusement park? a Yes, she is. b No, she isn’t.
Pronunciation | Pausing between clauses
A| Listen. Notice the pause between the clauses. Then practice.
When I go to the beach, I take sunscreen.

When our team plays baseball, it always rains.
If you go to the mountains, take a map with you.
If you go hiking, take your sunglasses with you.
Unless you’re OK with crowded places, don’t go to the amusement park.
Unless the bus ride is really short, take a book with you.
B | Find more sentences with pauses between clauses. Practice.

A DAY OUT 15

Grammar | Zero conditional with if, when, unless
When I go to the beach, I I take sunscreen when I go to

take sunscreen. the beach. TIP
If you take the bus, take a Take a book with you if you If and when can be used the same way.
book with you. take the bus. They are interchangeable.
When/If you go to the beach, take sunscreen.
Unless you’re OK with Don’t go to the amusement
Unless is used instead of if not.
crowded places, don’t go to park on a weekend unless
I can’t drive unless I have my glasses.
the amusement park on a you’re OK with crowded ( I can’t drive if I don’t have my glasses.)
weekend. places.
B | Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.

1 If / Unless you go to the beach, take your sunglasses with you.
2 Marco plans to play baseball if / unless it rains.
3 When / Unless the plane ride is really short, take a book or a magazine with you.
4 I usually wear comfortable shoes when / unless I go hiking.
5 If / Unless you go to an amusement park with your friends, decide on a meeting place. It will be very
crowded.
6 You should always take a map of the place you’re visiting when / unless you know the place very
well.
C | Look at the conversation on page 15. Underline all the zero conditional clauses.
D| Make up sentences of your own.

Tell a partner. Your partner will ask
follow-up questions. Unless I’m tired, I never
drink coffee.
1 When _______________________________ ,
I always _____________________________ .
2 If ___________________________________ ,
I usually _____________________________ .
3 Unless ______________________________ ,
I never ______________________________ .
16 UNIT 2

Reading
flight paycheck
get wet rules
hard savings
lonely stressed
make a mess worry
Twelve simple rules to live by

1. If you love someone, tell them. You’ll be glad you did.
2. Unless you have savings, don’t spend your paycheck before you get it.
3. When you make a mess, clean it up.
4. If there is nothing you can do to change a problem, then don’t worry
about it.
5. If you are going on a long flight, take one hard book and one easy one.
Start with the hard one.
6. When you have free time, exercise. Your body will thank you.
7. If you don’t want to get wet, always take an umbrella with you.
8. When you’re bored, read a book.
9. When you’re with friends in a crowded place, always decide on a
meeting place.
10. When you are lonely, call a friend. They are always happy to hear
from you.
11. If you are stressed, stop and take some time for yourself.
12. If something makes you happy, do it.
We should all try to live by these rules. They help us to be happier people in our everyday lives.
C | Read the sentences. Choose the correct answers.

1 You shouldn’t spend your paycheck unless you have savings / another one.
2 If you are going on long flight, you should take two books / music.
3 When you have free time, you should exercise / watch TV.
4 You should always decide on a meeting place / sweater.
5 When you are lonely, you should call a friend / go out to dinner.
A DAY OUT 17

Listening
ball game parking spot
entrance ride
fill a bottle sail
food fair seaport
have a snack starting line
international tickets
B| Listen. Write the number of the conversation next to the correct picture.
a ______ b ______
c ______ d ______
C| Listen again. Choose the correct information to complete the sentences.

1 William tells Stella not to have breakfast / lunch tomorrow. He might have trouble finding
a meeting place / a parking spot at the International Food Fair.
2 Gina wants Audrey to bring a jacket / hat and sunscreen on the boat. Gina is taking an umbrella /
a map.
3 Sanjay is bringing his brother / camera to the ball game. He wants Tim to bring the tickets /
a magazine.
4 Meredith is getting ready for a marathon / bike race. She asks Jack to bring a bottle of water /
a snack.
18 UNIT 2

Speaking
A|
Your friend may or may not come visit

Talk about what you bring with you on
outings.
OR you today. What do you need to be ready
for?
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
We always bring food, of

When I go hiking, I wear
course, when we go on
comfortable shoes and
picnics. And unless the
carry a walking stick. And I
weather forecast says it’s
bring water and snacks if it’s
going to be really hot, I
going to be a long hike.
bring a sweater, just in case.
If my friend comes over

today, I need to have When my friend comes to
food ready. She’s usually visit, he usually likes to play
hungry when she arrives. games with my friends, so
And unless she wants to I need to be ready for that
do something else, we’ll unless he decides he wants
probably listen to and play to do something else.
music.

more information.
What does she like

Do you bring anything to eat? What else might your
else? friend want to do?
A DAY OUT 19

Writing
If you are going to the beach, always remember to…

take a bottle of water or two.
wear sandals that can get wet.
bring a blanket and towel.
have sunscreen with you and put it on!
wear sunglasses and a hat.
bring along snacks for when you get hungry.
• Why do you think the writer says to bring water?

• What else does the writer say you should bring?
• What other “rules” do you think there should be for going to the beach?
B| Give advice for one of the situations below. Write your “rules” for the experience. Use

the information in EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you.
• Traveling with family • Babysitting
• Hosting a party • Going on a roller coaster
• Going ice-skating • Hiking in the woods
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
Wear ___ clothes.

listen to. warm
music to dressy
play.
games to device. comfortable
ig a t io n
a nav
Put on…
a hat.
lip balm.
bug repellent.
20 UNIT 2

UNIT GOOD VACATION,
3 BAD VACATION
UNIT GOALS
Vocabulary Reading
Adventurous vacation activities The problem vacation
Texting about vacations People talking about their recent vacations
Intonation and stress to express surprise or Talking about a recent vacation, outing, or
concern gathering
Grammar Writing
Past continuous and simple past review Writing about losing something
Clauses with before, after, while, when
21

Vocabulary | Adventurous vacation activities
go horseback riding go rock climbing

go ice fishing go scuba diving
go jet skiing go snowboarding
go on a safari go whitewater rafting
go parasailing go ziplining
B | Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence.
1 2 3
While I was jet skiing / I had a few lessons before I went After he went ziplining /
parasailing / scuba diving, jet skiing / horseback riding / snowboarding / scuba diving,
I took lots of pictures. scuba diving by myself. he felt terrific!
4 5 6
Before she went ziplining / When I go jet skiing / While I was scuba diving /
parasailing / scuba diving, parasailing / horseback riding, parasailing / snowboarding,
she was afraid of heights. I forget everything else. I was singing my favorite songs.
7 8 9 10
When we went After they went ice While he was rock When we went on a
ice fishing / rock fishing / on a safari climbing / on a safari safari / whitewater
climbing / whitewater / whitewater rafting, / whitewater rafting, rafting / rock
rafting, we had a lot of everyone was tired but the sun began to set. climbing, we saw a
time to talk. happy. beautiful elephant.
22 UNIT 3

Travel problems
get a sunburn lose my wallet

get food poisoning sprain an ankle
get lost fall and break an arm
E | Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence.

1 2 3
While I was hiking in the woods, I After he went parasailing, he got After we stopped for lunch, I got a
fell and broke an arm / got lost a sunburn / got food poisoning sunburn / got food poisoning /
/ lost my wallet. / lost his wallet because he fell and broke an arm.
forgot to use sunscreen.
4 5 6
When she slipped, she got a While the sun was setting, we He was snowboarding when he
sunburn / got lost / sprained sprained an ankle / got lost / fell and broke an arm / got a
an ankle, but her arms were OK. got food poisoning. sunburn / sprained an ankle.
F| Listen and practice saying the sentences in E.
G| Which of the activities in A would you or wouldn’t you like to do? Tell a partner.
I’d like to go rock Me too! But I wouldn’t

climbing. like to go horseback riding.
I’m afraid of horses.
GOOD VACATION, BAD VACATION 23

Conversation
Maria What did you do on vacation?
David I went whitewater rafting and rock climbing with Daniel.
Maria Did you have fun?
David Yes and no. While I was whitewater rafting, I got a sunburn.
Maria Oh, no!
David When Daniel and I were rock climbing, we fell.
Maria Ouch!
David When I fell, I sprained my ankle. When Daniel fell, he broke his arm.
Maria How awful!
David Not at all. After we fell, we went to the hospital.
Maria That sounds terrible!
David It was great! When we were at the hospital, we met Anna and Rita.
Maria Did they go rock climbing with you?
David No, they were our nurses. When we left the hospital, we went to dinner with them!

1 What did David do on vacation?
a He went whitewater rafting. b He went ice fishing.
2 What happened when David and Daniel were rock climbing?
a They fell. b David lost his wallet.
3 Where were they when they met Anna and Rita?
a They were at the hotel. b They were at the hospital.
Pronunciation | Intonation and stress to show surprise or concern
A| Listen. Notice the intonation and stress in the words. Then practice.
Oh, no! Ouch! How awful! That sounds terrible! Oh my!
B | Find more examples like these. Practice.

24 UNIT 3

Grammar | Past continuous and simple past review
Past continuous
What were you doing last night I was watching TV at TIP
The past continuous describes an action that
at 9:00pm? home.
was in progress at some point in the past –
How long were you waiting for I was waiting for ten watching TV and waiting for the bus.
the bus? minutes. The simple past describes a completed action
in the past – read a book and went rock
Simple past climbing.
The past continuous and the simple past are
What did you do last night? I read a book. often used in one sentence using when and
while.
Where did you go last weekend? We went rock climbing. I was watching TV when you called.
B | Choose the correct word(s) to complete the sentences.

1 I watched / was watching TV when you came / were coming over.
2 When James rock climbed / was rock climbing, he fell / was falling.
3 You called / were calling while I climbed / was climbing a mountain.
4 They arrived / were arriving early when I slept / was sleeping.
5 When I saw / was seeing Dana, she worked / was working.
6 Were you sleeping / Did you sleep when the telephone rang / was ringing?
C| Take turns asking and answering the questions with a partner.

1 What were you doing at 7:00 this morning?
2 What did you do before you went to bed last night?
3 What were you thinking about when you arrived at class today?
At 7:00 this morning I was

doing yoga in the park with
my best friend.

Clauses with before, after, while, when
D| Read and listen to the grammar presentation.
I bought new boots before I went hiking.

TIP
Emily went scuba diving after she took lessons.
before before that moment
When he fell, he broke his arm. after after that moment
while during that time
Tom was skiing while Samantha was snowboarding. when at that moment
E | Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.

1 We will need to get gas before / after / while we go on the road trip.
2 I don’t like to listen to music before / after / while I’m doing my homework. I can’t focus.
3 I went straight to the hospital before / while / when I heard you broke your arm.
4 Before / After / While Tom goes to bed, he always brushes his teeth.
5 Lisa and I are in a band together. She sings before / after / while I play the piano.
6 Before / After / While we went rock climbing, we were exhausted.
F| Complete the questions. Then ask a partner.

1 What do you need to do before you ___________________________________________________ ?
2 Where do you want to go after you ___________________________________________________ ?
3 What were you doing while I was ____________________________________________________ ?
4 What do you eat before you_________________________________________________________ ?
5 How did you feel when you _________________________________________________________ ?
Before I go to bed, I
need to feed my pet
hamster.
What do you need to
do before you go to
bed at night?
26 UNIT 3

Reading
airline greet
bumpy horrible
canceled landed
extra luggage
first class resort
flight sleep through
full spend the night
The problem vacation

Last year, I took my wife on a trip. Our first flight was fine. While we were in
the air, our second flight was canceled. When we landed, we were told that
we wouldn’t be able to get on another plane until the next morning. While
my wife was trying to find us a new flight, I looked for a hotel. We couldn’t
find a hotel, so we had to spend the night in the airport. It was horrible.
The next day, our new flight left late. We lost almost two full days of our
vacation! We were so tired that we slept through most of the bumpy flight.
When we finally landed, we were greeted by someone from the airline. They
had lost our luggage.
We thought this was going to be the worst vacation ever. But then, the
airline was really nice. They got us a car to our resort and gave us a free
flight home. Our luggage arrived later that day, and because we didn't have
to spend extra time shopping for clothes, we went horseback riding on the
beach and then went scuba diving. After we got to the resort, our trip was
relaxing and really fun. They even moved us to first class on our flight home.
It was a great vacation, and we got a good story out of it.
C | Read the sentences. Choose the correct answer(s).

1 The man went on a trip with his wife / his parents.
2 The airline changed the time of / canceled their second flight.
3 The couple had to sleep in a hotel / the airport.
4 The airline lost their luggage / money.
5 They used the extra time to go shopping for clothes / go horseback riding.

Listening
announce fractured
block a shot Iceland
captain miss
connecting flight pool
cross-country skiing proud
explained soccer match
fantastic tripped
flat tire volcanic eruption
a ______ b ______
c ______ d ______
C| Listen again. Read the sentences. Write T (true) or F (false).

1 ____ Marco went to play soccer in Costa Rica.
2 ____ Marco broke his arm in a soccer match.
3 ____ Claudia doesn’t like to fly.
4 ____ Claudia called her brother for help.
5 ____ Ingrid was flying to Lillehammer for a ski vacation.
6 ____ Ingrid visited her old college friend in Iceland.
28 UNIT 3

Speaking
A|
Talk about a recent outing or family

Talk about a recent vacation. Describe at
gathering. Describe at least one good
least one good thing and one bad thing OR thing and one bad thing that happened
that happened during your vacation.
during the outing or gathering.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
I recently went to Florida with

Not too long ago my girlfriend
my cousin. We didn’t get to
and I went to Chicago for
do everything we wanted to
the weekend. We spent one
because of the weather. One
afternoon at Navy Pier. It was
day while we were swimming at
pretty fun, except I got sick
the beach, a big storm moved
when we were riding the Ferris
in. It rained the entire rest of the
wheel.
time we were there!
I went kayaking with my friends Last month my cousin got

last weekend. While we were married. Everyone was having
paddling along the shore, we such a good time at the
saw so many birds and turtles. reception when suddenly, the
We were having so much fun electricity went out, and there
until we got back to our car and was no more music to dance to
realized our keys were missing! for the rest of the night.

more information.
Did they take
anything from the Was the reception
What did you not get over when the
to do? car?
electricity went out?

Writing
I was really upset when I lost the necklace my mom gave me

for my birthday. I was planning to go swimming, so I decided
to take it off. I put it inside my shoe and jumped in the pool.
When I came out, I grabbed my shoes without thinking. The
necklace must have fallen out. I didn’t realize it until I
got home. I went back to the pool and looked everywhere. I
couldn’t find it anywhere. I even looked all over the parking
lot outside. Now, I’m more careful with my jewelry. If I don’t
want to lose it, I keep it on!
• How did the writer lose her necklace?

• Did she ever find her necklace?
• Have you ever lost something important?
B| Write about a time when you lost something. What did you do, and do think it will

happen again? Use the information in EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
I was...
in a hurry.
I lost my…
out with friends.
wallet.
at the airport.
favorite jacket.
phone.
Now, I…
always check…
re…
always make su
never carry…
30 UNIT 3

UNIT
4 IN THE OLD DAYS
UNIT GOALS
Vocabulary Reading
Activities from the past Music, then and now
Talking about changes over time People talking about how they used to do things
Reduction of used to Talking about what you or a family member used
Grammar to do
Habitual actions in the past with used to Writing
Comparing your life now with another's in the past
31

Vocabulary | Activities from the past
dial a rotary phone

go to drive-in movies
go to a video game arcade
have only three TV channels
listen to records
look things up in an encyclopedia
play hide-and-seek
play music on cassettes
rent videotapes
use a card catalog at the library
watch cartoons
write letters to pen pals
1 2
My mother used to ____ in other countries. My parents used to ____ every weekend.
a play hide-and-seek a rent videotapes
b rent videotapes b write letters to pen pals
c write letters to pen pals c go to drive-in movies
32 UNIT 4

3 4
People used to ____ to find information. They used to ____ after dark.
a play music on cassettes a play music on cassettes
b use a card catalog at the library b go to drive-in movies
c rent videotapes c use a card catalog at the library
5 6
My sister and I used to ____ when we were My grandmother used to ____. She made
little. mixtapes with her favorite songs.
a play hide-and-seek a rent videotapes
b rent videotapes b play music on cassettes
c write letters to pen pals c write letters to pen pals
7 8
We used to ____ when we wanted to talk to When he was a kid, he used to ____ every
someone. Saturday.
a dial a rotary phone a go to a video game arcade
b go to a video game arcade b have only three TV channels
c listen to records c watch cartoons
IN THE OLD DAYS 33

9 10
Back then, everyone used to ____. My brother used to ____ every morning
a watch cartoons before breakfast.
b go to a video game arcade a dial a phone number
c listen to records b watch cartoons
c listen to records
11 12
At school, students used to ____. In the old days, people used to ____.
a watch cartoons a go to a video game arcade
b have only three TV channels b only have three TV channels
c look things up in an encyclopedia c listen to records
D| Talk about the activities in A. How is life different now? Tell a partner.
Most people don’t listen to

records now. They listen
to music online or on their
phone.
34 UNIT 4

Conversation
Ana I love looking at old photos!
Hugo Look at this old TV. It’s my grandparents’.
Ana Oh, wow. They didn’t use to have hundreds of channels like today.
Hugo They used to have only three TV channels, and I used to watch cartoons on that TV.
Ana Did your grandparents use to go to the drive-in movies?
Hugo Yes. They didn’t have big theaters, and they used to look things up in an encyclopedia.
Ana There wasn’t any internet like today.
Hugo That’s for sure. Look at their phone in this photo. They used to have this big rotary phone.
Ana No cell phones. No texting.
Hugo Our grandparents really used to live a simple life.
Ana Our grandparents really used to live a boring life!

1 How many TV channels did their grandparents use to have?
a 33 b3
2 Where did their grandparents use to watch movies?
a in big theaters b in drive-ins
3 Which type of phone did their grandparents use to have?
a rotary b cell
Pronunciation | Reduction of used to
A| Listen. Notice the pronunciation of used to. Then practice.
/juzd tu/  /justə/

I used to play with my cousins. They used to go to drive-in movies.
We used to have only three channels. She used to write letters to pen pals.
He used to rent videotapes. You used to use a card catalog.
B | Find more sentences with these sounds. Practice.

IN THE OLD DAYS 35

Grammar | Habitual actions in the past with used to
When I was a kid, I used to play hide and seek with my cousins.
We used to have only three TV channels, but nowadays we have over 500.
I didn’t use to like most vegetables, but I eat them all the time now.
Did your grandparents use to have a black-and-white TV?
What TV shows did they use to watch?
1 2 3
I use to / uses to / used to / use John didn’t uses to / use to / Tomoko didn’t use to / use to /
play video games all the time. used to / use play golf. has / was eat vegetables when
she was young.
4 5 6
Pietro didn’t use to / uses to / What did / do / are / have you Did they used to / use / used /
used to / use watch TV. use to do with your friends? use to go to drive-in movies?
C| Complete the sentences. Tell a partner. Your partner will ask follow-up questions.1
1 When I was a baby, I used to _________________________________________________________ .
2 When my parents were children, they used to ____________________________________________ .
3 When I was twelve years old, I used to _________________________________________________ .
4 One hundred years ago, people used to ________________________________________________ .
When I was a baby, I

used to sleep with a
teddy bear.
36 UNIT 4

Reading
access make money
album musician
artist on demand
business players
cassette streaming service
get paid whole
Music, then and now

Today, it is easy to get music. If you hear a song on the radio, you can
use an app to find out the name of the song. You used to have to buy
a CD or a cassette. Now you can download songs or listen to music on
demand on several streaming services. This new way of listening to
music has changed the music business. Musicians used to make more
money. People used to buy the whole album. Musicians got part of the
money. Now people listen online and artists get less money.
It used to be harder to carry
music around. All of the
music was on CDs or cassettes, and you needed special players if you
wanted to bring your music with you. Now you can listen to anything you
want to on your phone or tablet, and you don't have to carry around CDs
or cassettes.
The way we access and listen to music has changed a lot, but we should
try to make sure that artists get paid if we want them to keep making
music that we love.
C | Look at the items below. Choose Then or Now for the type of music technology.
1 Apps to find out the name of a song Then Now
2 Cassette tapes Then Now
3 Streaming music Then Now
4 Cassette player Then Now
5 CD player Then Now
I listen to music online

D| How do you listen to music? How did you use to listen to now. I used to listen to
CDs.

music? Tell a partner.
IN THE OLD DAYS 37

Listening
check out rush
LP search engine
released stand in line
rent vinyl
a ______ b ______
c ______ d ______
C| Listen again. Who said it? Write the number of the speaker next to the sentence.
1 ___ I used to stand in a long line to check out.
2 ___ It’s much faster and easier.
3 ___ They were called LPs.
4 ___ When I was at school, we didn’t have computers.
5 ___ That store is gone now.
6 ___ Now, I download all my music onto my mobile phone.
38 UNIT 4

Speaking
A|
Talk about something you used to do Talk about something a family member
when you were younger that you don’t OR used to do in the past that he or she
do now. doesn’t do anymore.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
I used to read every night

When I was younger, I used
before going to sleep. I’m
to do martial arts. I didn’t
not sure why I stopped. Now
like it. I only did because my
I just get on social media
mom made me. She finally
and watch videos on my
let me stop when I
phone before bed. I should
turned 13.
start reading again.
My mom used to bake every

My uncle used to travel a lot. weekend. She made pies,
He went all over the world. cakes, cookies, and other
But now he’s older. He has special treats. But now she
problems with his knees and has to work weekends with
can’t move around very well. her new job, so she doesn’t
do that anymore. I miss it!

more information.
What are some
What do you like to places he traveled Do you like to bake
read? to? too?
IN THE OLD DAYS 39

Writing
Life is very different now than it was when my

grandparents were my age. For one, no one had cell phones
back then. Some people didn’t even have a phone in their
house! And most houses were smaller with only one bathroom.
Now, a lot of houses have two or more bathrooms. These
days, many families have two or more cars, but back then,
most families only had one car. Times sure have changed
since my grandparents were my age!
• How does the writer say homes were different?

• How many cars does the writer say most families used to have?
• Have your parents or grandparents told you how life used to be for them?
B| How does your life now compare to your parents’ or grandparents’ lives when they

were your age? Use the information in EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
People used to…

use typewriters.
There weren’t… pay only with cash.
rywhere.
coffee shops eve listen to the radio.
smart TVs.
credit cards.
have…
These days, we
the internet.
cell phones.
public scooters.
40 UNIT 4

UNIT
5 HAVE YOU EVER?
UNIT GOALS
Vocabulary Reading
Dangerous or adventurous activities Daring work
Discussing adventurous activities People talking about adventurous activities
Reduction of have you, has he/she Talking about things you’ve done or want to try
Grammar Writing
Present perfect with ever and never Writing about being adventurous or not
41

Vocabulary | Dangerous or adventurous activities
drive a race car

dye your hair blue
feed a crocodile
eat an insect
give a speech
go on a blind date
go skydiving
go stormchasing
ride a roller coaster
sing a solo in front of people
B | Look at the pictures. Choose the correct answer to complete each sentence.
1 2
Have you ever ____? He’s ____ to surprise people.

a sung a solo in front of people a gone skydiving
b eaten an insect b dyed his hair blue
c given a speech c eaten an insect
42 UNIT 5

3 4
Has he ____ in another country? She’s ____ with an instructor.

a gone skydiving a driven a race car
b given a speech b gone skydiving
c eaten an insect c given a speech
5 6
She has ____ at work many times. Have you ever ____?
a gone stormchasing a ridden a roller coaster
b given a speech b driven a race car
c eaten an insect c gone stormchasing
7 8
My brother has ____ many times. She has ____ in many countries.
a fed a crocodile a ridden a roller coaster
b driven a race car b eaten an insect
c given a speech c driven a race car
HAVE YOU EVER? 43

9 10
He’s never ____ before. If you have never ____, this one might scare
a gone on a blind date you!
b ridden a roller coaster a given a speech
c gone stormchasing b ridden a roller coaster
c gone skydiving
D| Say a sentence about one of the activities in A. Your partner will say True or False.
I eat insects all

the time. They’re I used to drive a
delicious! race car.
True.
False.
44 UNIT 5

Conversation
William This is a very unique restaurant. It offers chocolate-covered ants.
Emma I’ve never eaten ants or any other insects.
William I have. I won a plate of chocolate-covered ants last week. They were good.
Emma Wow! You’re adventurous! William, have you heard about George?
William George? He's certainly not adventurous.
Emma Why? Hasn’t he ever eaten insects?
William No, he hasn’t.
Emma But he’s been skydiving, right? He won that ticket to go skydiving.
William I’ve been skydiving. George gave his ticket to me.
Emma Well, he’s driven a race car! He won the big writing contest, and it was the grand prize.
William No, he hasn’t driven a race car. I have. He’s afraid of race cars, and he gave me his prize.
Emma Well, you haven’t heard the latest news about George.
William What haven’t I heard?
Emma He went on a blind date last Saturday night.
William Really? Wow… I just changed my mind! George is adventurous. I am afraid of blind dates.

1 William / George has eaten insects. 3 William / George is afraid of race cars.
2 William / George has been skydiving. 4 William / George is afraid of blind dates.

Pronunciation | Reduction of have you, has he/she
A| Listen. Notice the reduction of the words in bold. Then practice.
Have you heard about their new baby? Has he ever given a speech?
Have you ever eaten an insect? Has she ever driven a race car?
Has he ever sung a solo? Has she ever gone skydiving?
B | Find more sentences with these reduced sounds. Practice.

HAVE YOU EVER? 45

Grammar | Present perfect with ever and never
I have eaten an insect. I haven’t eaten an insect.

You have given a speech. You have never given a speech.
He has sung a solo in front of He hasn’t sung a solo in front of TIP
people. people. The present perfect is used when the
We have dyed our hair blue. We haven’t dyed our hair blue. time is not specific.
I have given a speech before. (We don’t
They have gone sky diving. They have never gone sky diving. know when.)
She has ridden a roller coaster. She hasn’t ridden a roller coaster. The simple past is used when the time
is clear.
I’ve been on a blind date. I’ve never been on a blind date. I gave a speech last night. (We know
exactly when.)
You’ve driven a race car. You haven’t driven a race car.
Ever is used to ask questions about
He has fed a crocodile. He has never fed a crocodile. experiences in someone’s life.
Have you ever given a speech?
We’ve gone stormchasing. We haven’t gone stormchasing.
Never is used to talk about things you
have not done at any time in your life.
Have you ever eaten an insect? I’ve never given a speech.
Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.

Yes, I’ve eaten an insect. No, I’ve never eaten an insect.
B | Complete the sentences with the present perfect form of the verbs in parentheses.
1 Kim _____________________________ a roller coaster. (ride)
2 Have you ever _____________________________ any strange food before? (eat)
3 Susan has never _____________________________ a speech in front of so many people. (give)
4 ______________ Mark ever ___________________ at a concert? (sing)
5 We _____________ never _____________________ across the United States. (drive)
C | Look at the conversation on page 45. Underline all the examples of the present perfect.
D| Complete the sentences with information about you. Tell a partner. Your partner will
ask follow-up questions.
1 I’ve eaten________________________________
_______________________________________ . I’ve eaten black ice
cream. It’s great.
2 I’ve never been to _________________________
_______________________________________ .
3 I’ve ridden in a(n) _________________________
_______________________________________ .
4 I’ve never gone ___________________________
_______________________________________ .
46 UNIT 5

Reading
away from home pay the bills
be prepared profession
dangerous safe
daring special equipment
hurricanes survive
jump tornadoes
Daring work
Most people think of jobs as things that you have to do. You spend all day in an office working. Jobs are
boring, not daring and interesting. Right? Here are some jobs that are interesting, daring, and pay the bills.
Skydiving instructor
Have you ever wanted to go skydiving? If you do go, the skydiving instructor is the
person who will jump with you the first time. They have to do a lot of training before
they can teach skydiving. They do a lot to make sure that people are safe when they
skydive.
Alaskan fisherman
Have you ever wanted to spend your time out on the sea? Alaskan fishing is a
dangerous job. You can make a lot of money, but you are away from home a lot. There
are even television shows and movies about this daring profession. You need to be
prepared to do hard work.
Stormchaser
Many stormchasers are scientists. They look for big storms like hurricanes and
tornadoes. They get very close to dangerous storms. It is very dangerous to be
a stormchaser. Storms can do anything. Some stormchasers use lots of special
equipment. Stormchasers use the equipment to get and share information that helps
people survive bad storms.
C | Read the sentences. Write T (true) or F (false).

1 ___ Most people think that jobs are interesting.
2 ___ Skydiving instructors don’t need a lot of training.
3 ___ Being an Alaskan fisherman is dangerous.
4 ___ Stormchasers chase after dangerous storms.
HAVE YOU EVER? 47

Listening
adventurous nervous
challenge pays well
experience perform in public
extreme sports requires
guy shy
high-rise skill
karaoke strength
lessons windows
B| Listen. Write the number of the speaker next to the correct picture.
a ______ b ______ c ______ d ______
1 ____ I’ve enjoyed the challenge.
2 ____ It was my birthday last week.
3 ____ It was a fantastic experience.
4 ____ The job pays well.
5 ____ I’ve met some great people, too.
6 ____ I like extreme sports.
7 ____ I’ve never been so nervous.
8 ____ It was so much fun.
48 UNIT 5

Speaking
A|
Talk about an adventurous thing you’ve Talk about an adventurous thing you’ve
done in your life.
OR always wanted to do.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
I've hiked to the bottom of the Two years ago my friend took
Grand Canyon in Arizona. We me ziplining. I’m afraid of
hiked all day to the bottom. heights, but I didn’t want to tell
We had to cross a rope bridge. him. At first I was afraid, but the
The next day we had to hike guides were so encouraging,
all the way back up! That’s the and towards the end, I actually
hardest thing I’ve ever done! had fun!
Ever since I saw a I’ve always wanted to walk

documentary about coral the Appalachian Trail. I think
reefs, I’ve wanted to go it would bring me closer
snorkeling. It looks like such a to nature. And I’m sure the
great way to get under water challenge and experience
and see what’s there without would help me get to know
going too deep. myself better.

more information.
Where did you go
Were you scared on ziplining? What do you hope to
the rope bridge? see?
HAVE YOU EVER 49

Writing
I have always been a little shy. I want to meet

people, but it’s hard for me. My sister is different.
She’s very outgoing, always talking to complete
strangers wherever she goes. And she is always up
for a new adventure. For example, even though she
never thought about going skiing, when her school
organized a ski trip, she was one of the first to sign
up. I’m not spontaneous like that.
• What is one way the writer says he and his sister are different?
• Why was the writer’s sister one of the first to sign up for the ski trip?
• How are you different from a friend or family member?
B| Are you adventurous? Compare yourself with a friend or family member who is a

different kind of person. Use the information in EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
My (brother) is diffe
rent.
He/she…
ays…
I have alw e alone. likes to go to karaok
e.
im
enjoyed t gs.
g new thin d is into collecting thin
e x p lo r in gs.
loved d to be aro
un always wants to be
e n e e on his
felt th phone.
ple.
other peo
I’m not… person.

a relaxed .
that way
talented
s.
into politic
50 UNIT 5

REVIEW, ASSESS,
CONNECT & EXTEND
RE VIE W, ASSE S S, C ON N EC T & E X TEN D UNIT S 1–5

Vocabulary | Circle the word or phrase that doesn’t belong in each group.
1 headphones badminton chess soccer
2 boring running exhausting interesting
3 bug repellent records water bottle sunscreen
4 horseback riding jet skiing ice fishing watching cartoons
5 take a book get a sunburn lose a wallet sprain an ankle
6 sign language skydiving ziplining parasailing
7 drive-in movies rotary phone video game arcade umbrella
8 ride a roller coaster drive a race car eat an insect bring a map
Grammar | Find the error. Write the correct sentence.

1 What Melissa is doing?
________________________________________________________________________________
2 They’re play chess right now.
________________________________________________________________________________
3 These flowers are smelling good.
________________________________________________________________________________
4 Don't take your umbrella unless raining.
________________________________________________________________________________
5 What did you doing last night at 8pm?
________________________________________________________________________________
6 When he fell, he sprains his ankle.
________________________________________________________________________________
7 When I was a kid, I used listen to CDs.
________________________________________________________________________________
8 What games did they used to play?
________________________________________________________________________________
9 He hasn’t ate an insect.
________________________________________________________________________________
10 I’ve driven never a race car.
________________________________________________________________________________
Check Yourself | How well do you know it? Circle the correct rating for yourself.
Units 1–5 Units 1–5
Vocabulary Grammar
RACE 51
Connected-SB3-RACE1-200326.indd 51 3/26/20 4:14 PM

REVIEW, ASSESS,
CONNECT & EXTEND
RE VIEW, ASSESS, CONNECT & E X TEND UNIT S 1–5
A change in plans
A|W
rite a list based on the desciptions below. Most of the information comes from
Units 1–5.
1 Name of a famous actor or musician: ________________________________
2 Any number between 1 and 20: ________________________________
3 A hobby from page 2: ________________________________
4 Another hobby from page 2: ________________________________
5 A vacation activity from page 22: ________________________________
6 An adjective from page 4: ________________________________
7 Something you wear from page 12: ________________________________
8 A travel problem from page 24: ________________________________
9 An activity from the past from page 32: ________________________________
10 An adventurous activity from page 42: ________________________________
B | Complete the email. Fill in the blanks (1–10) below with the words (1–10) you wrote in
A. Use the correct forms of the words as needed. Then read your email to a partner.
Last night I was 3________________ when I got a call from my friend 1________________. 1________________
invited me to go 5________________ this weekend. I was planning to 9________________ this weekend, but
5
________________ sounded so 6________________ to me. “But I’ve never been 5________________ before,” I
told 1________________.
“Don’t worry,” said my friend. “If you’ve ever 10________________, you can 5________________. Just make sure you wear
some 7________________. You don’t want to 8________________.”
I used to have some nice 7________________ when I was younger, so I looked around my home. I found them in a
box, under some books about 4________________. Wow! I used to wear these 7________________ when I was
2
________________. That was a long time ago. I can’t wait for this weekend. It’s going to be fun!
C | Take turns asking and answering questions about your weekend plans. What else do you need
to take with you this
Try it out weekend?
alk with a classmate about your

T rite an email to your
W
interests and try to decide a club that co-workers about what to bring for a
you can join. company outing this weekend.
I really like flowers. Maybe I

should join a flower arranging
club, or a gardening club. We’re going to meet at the
entrance of the amusement park
at 9:00 a.m. I think it’s going to
rain this Saturday, so don’t forget
to bring an umbrella.
52 RACE

UNIT
6 MY RÉSUMÉ
UNIT GOALS
Vocabulary Reading
Work experience Interview don’ts
Personal qualities Listening
Conversation People talking about qualifications during a job
Discussing a job application and qualifications interview
Reduction of sounds in numbers Talking about why you are qualified for a position
Grammar Writing
Present perfect with for and since Writing about a dream job
53

Vocabulary | Work experience
be a member of a robotics club

organize events
raise money for charity groups
study English
tutor elementary school kids
volunteer with a community group
work part-time
write articles for a blog
B | Look at the pictures. Choose the correct word(s) to complete each sentence.
1 2
Frank has worked part-time / tutored English / They’ve been a member of a robotics club /
studied in the library for two years. working part-time / studying English since the
beginning of the year.
54 UNIT 6

3 4
He’s organized / tutored / volunteered They’ve been members of a charity group /

elementary school kids after school. robotics club / blog since last semester.
5 6
We’ve studied / volunteered / tutored with Mona has studied / volunteered / written
a community group to build houses. articles for a blog since last winter.
7 8
We’ve organized / raised / volunteered My class has volunteered / raised /

events with music from Mexico. organized money for charity groups by
walking.
Personal qualities
creative
flexible
good with people
hardworking
organized
MY RÉSUMÉ 55

E | Look at the pictures. Choose the correct word(s) to complete each sentence.
1 2 3
My brother’s not very creative / Ida’s organized / flexible / If you’re good with people / not
good with people / organized. creative, so she designs beautiful creative / not flexible, you’d
His desk is a big mess! clothing. probably make a good team
leader.
4 5
Someone good with people / not Lana’s a very creative / hardworking

organized / flexible can make / flexible student. She studies at least
changes at the last minute. an hour every day.
G| How many of the activities in A have/haven’t you done? Tell a partner.
I’ve tutored elementary school

kids, but I’ve never written
articles for a blog.
56 UNIT 6

Conversation
Kimi What’s that?
David It’s my résumé. I’ve worked on it for two hours, but it’s still not very good.
Kimi Your résumé? Let me help you.
David I’m applying for a part-time writer position at the city newspaper.
Kimi David, I don’t see any writing experience on your résumé.
David That’s the problem. I don’t have any real writing experience.
Kimi Yes, you do. You’ve written articles for a blog since 2010, haven’t you?
David Yes, I have, but it’s your blog.
Kimi And you’ve been a member of the writing club for two years.
David Kimi, you and I are the only members of the writing club.
Kimi You’ve worked at the school newspaper since last year.
David You’re right. I do have lots of experience.
Kimi Yes, you do. And you’re hardworking and organized.
David You’re good at writing résumés. You’re really creative.
Kimi Oh, no. I’m late for my new job!
David What new job?
I’m working part-time as a résumé writer at the career center!

Kimi

1 What has David done for the last two hours?
a applied for a job b written a résumé c studied for a test
2 Whose blog has David written for since 2010?
a Kimi's b the school's c the writing club's
3 How long has David worked at the school newspaper?
a for one year b for two years c for three years
4 Where is Kimi going?
a home b to the newspaper’s office c to the career center
MY RÉSUMÉ 57

Pronunciation | Reduction of sounds in numbers
A| Listen. Notice the reduction of the sounds in bold. Then practice.
1978 = nineteen seventy-eight 2008 = two thousand eight
1993 = nineteen ninety-three 2014 = twenty fourteen
2001 = two thousand one 2020 = twenty twenty
B | Find more numbers with these reduced sounds. Practice.
Grammar | Present perfect with for and since

I’ve studied English for ten years.

You have volunteered with a community group since 2010.
He has tutored elementary school kids for a month now.
We’ve worked part-time at the library since high school.
They have raised money for charity groups for five years.
B | Write the present perfect form of the verbs in parentheses. Then write for or since.
1 John ____________________ (be) a member of the environmental club _____________ more than
three years.
2 Molly ____________________ (assist) elderly people _____________ she entered high school.
3 I ____________________ (teach) English _____________ four years now.
4 Jee Wha ____________________ (raise) money for the children’s hospital _____________ the
beginning of the month.
5 Michael and Harvey ____________________ (write) articles for a blog ____________ two years now.
6 Sam and I ____________________ (sing) in the local chorus _____________ we were kids.
C | Look at the conversation on page 57. Underline all the present perfect verbs with for or since.
D| Make up sentences of your own. Tell a partner.

Your partner will ask follow-up questions.
1 I’ve studied ____________________
for ____________________ years. I’ve studied coding for
ten years.
2 I’ve worked at _____________________
since ____________________.
3 I’ve practiced ____________________
for ____________________ years.
4 I’ve wanted to ____________________
since ____________________.
58 UNIT 6

Reading
avoid research
dress professionally say bad things
former boss self-confidence
make eye contact sneakers
mean top
mistakes unprofessional
nervous wear a suit
Interview don’ts
You’ve sent in your résumé. Now it’s time for the interview. What can you do to
make sure you get the job? Here is a list of the top five mistakes people make
during interviews and how to avoid them.
1. Not making eye contact
When people are nervous, they don’t make eye contact. If you don’t, it makes
you seem like you don’t have much self-confidence. Sit up and look your
interviewer in the eye.
2. Not preparing for the interview
You should be able to talk about anything on your résumé. You should also do some research about the company.
3. Not asking questions
When you don’t ask questions, interviewers think that you aren’t interested in the job.
4. Not dressing for the job you want
You don’t have to wear a suit to every interview, but you should dress professionally. It is never OK to wear jeans
and sneakers to an interview.
5. Saying bad things about your former boss
Even if your former boss was really mean, you shouldn’t say bad things about him or her. Employers will worry that
you might say the same about them. It just makes you look unprofessional.

1 ___ You shouldn't make eye contact.
2 ___ You should prepare for the interview.
3 ___ You should ask questions.
4 ___ You should always wear a suit.
5 ___ You shouldn't say bad things about your former boss.
MY RÉSUMÉ 59

Listening
a perfect match hotel management
attend major in
Bachelor’s degree marketing associate
corporation math
economics program coordinator
export qualified
financial analyst social sciences
goal software development
B| Listen. What positions are they interviewing for? Match.
1 ______ 2 ______
3 ______ 4 ______
a Software Developer b Marketing Associate c Youth Program Coordinator d Financial Analyst
C| Listen again. Match the sentence parts.
1 ____ Dylan has... a worked as an intern since June.

2 ____ Mei has... b worked in hotel management since she graduated last year.
3 ____ Yusuf has... c volunteered at a local Youth Center for five years.
4 ____ Rishika has... d worked part-time at an export company since she finished high school.
60 UNIT 6

Speaking
A|
Imagine you are interviewing for one of the positions below. Talk about your
experience. Use the information in EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you prepare.
• Manager at a fashion store • Video game developer

• Account manager at an advertising company OR • Chef at a restaurant
• Coordinator for a youth group • Financial analyst at a bank
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
I think I’m the ideal candidate

Well, I’ve been interested in
for your position as coordinator
fashion for many years. And I
for a youth group. I’m the oldest
have a lot of experience. I’ve
of six kids. And my parents
worked in office management
have always involved me in
for three years now.
planning family outings.
I am applying for the chef

I am interested in your position
position because I want to take
as video game developer
my career to the next level.
because I’ve been playing video
I’ve been working in kitchens
games since I was a kid. And
for eight years now. My most
I’ve taken several classes about
recent position was sous-chef
developing video games.
at a French restaurant.
B| Talk about your topic with a partner. Your partner will play the role of interviewer and

ask questions to get more information.
What differences do you Do you have any other Is there a particular kind
think there are between experience working with of video game you like
working in an office and a children? more than others?
store?
MY RÉSUMÉ 61

Writing
I would love to be a clothing buyer for a fashion

department. I have worked in large department
stores and small boutiques. And I am great at
researching the best prices. I am also hardworking
and learn quickly. My ideas are creative and
practical, and I can make good decisions. Finally, I
have often trained less experienced colleagues.
• What is one qualification the writer has for being a clothing buyer for a fashion department?
• Which of the writer’s qualifications do you think is the most important? Why?
• What job would you like to have? Why? Are you qualified for the job? How?
B| Write about a job you would love to have. Explain why you have the right skills and

qualities for the job. Use the information in EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
I have…
already taken class
e a… es.
I would love to b experience as a volu
nteer.
politician. done a lot of readin
g
music teacher. about it.
park ranger.
I am…
cator.
a good communi
nge.
looking for a cha
a quick learner.
62 UNIT 6

UNIT
7 MY BUCKET LIST
UNIT GOALS
Vocabulary Reading
Bucket list goals My bucket list
Talking about goals for a bucket list People talking about accomplishments and goals
Syllable stress in longer words Talking about what is on your bucket list
Grammar Writing
Present perfect with already and yet Writing about things that you have accomplished
63

Vocabulary | Bucket list goals
appear in a movie
drive a race car
enter a cooking contest
go on a safari in Africa
meet a famous athlete
ride a camel
ride the world’s tallest roller coaster
see the northern lights
take a helicopter ride
write a novel
1 2
Julio has already driven / written / ridden a novel. Have you entered / taken / driven a race car yet?
64 UNIT 7

3 4
Monica’s already appeared in / shown / I’ve never written / went / met a famous
finished a movie. athlete.
5 6
You have already driven / taken / ridden a We’ve already gone on a helicopter / roller
camel. But what about an elephant? coaster / safari in Africa.
7 8
Has Alana driven / taken / entered a I’ve already flown in an airplane, but I haven’t
cooking contest yet? taken a helicopter / roller coaster / camel
ride yet.
MY BUCKET LIST 65

9 10
Have you already driven / seen / written the I haven’t ridden the world’s tallest race car /
northern lights? helicopter / roller coaster yet.
D| Which of the activities in A would you like to do someday? Tell a partner.
Someday I really want to Someday I’d like to go on a

enter a cooking contest. safari in Africa.
66 UNIT 7

Conversation
Mom, Joseph sent me his bucket list—
Roger things he’d like to do before he’s 30.
Mom What’s on his list?
Roger Well, he hasn’t driven a race car yet. So that’s on his list.
Mom You’ve already written articles for a few blogs.
Roger But I haven’t done adventurous things yet. I need a bucket list like Joseph’s.
Mom You’ve already seen the northern lights. That’s adventurous.
Actually, you and dad have already seen the northern lights.
Roger I saw your photos of the northern lights from your vacation.
Mom OK. Well, you haven’t entered a cooking contest yet. You can put that on your list.
Roger Mom, let’s be serious. That’s a good one for your bucket list.
Mom OK. What haven’t you done yet?
Roger I haven’t gone on safari in Africa yet.
Mom Are we being serious now?
Roger Yes, we are. And I haven’t ridden a camel yet.
Mom And you haven’t…taken out the trash yet.
Roger Mom!
I’m being serious. This is for your bucket list of things to finish
Mom before tomorrow! You haven’t washed the dishes yet.
Roger You know what? I don’t really like being serious with you.
Mom Ha ha ha. And you haven’t finished your assignments for school yet….
B | Read the sentences. Write T (true) or F (false).

1 ____ Joseph hasn’t driven a race car yet.
2 ____ Roger has already seen the northern lights.
3 ____ Mom won a cooking contest.
4 ____ Mom’s making a bucket list for Roger to do before tomorrow.

MY BUCKET LIST 67

Pronunciation | Syllable stress in longer words
A| Listen. Notice the stress on the syllables in bold. Then practice.
parasailing community
roller coaster elementary
helicopter encyclopedia
B | Find more words with four or more syllables. Practice.
Grammar | Present perfect with already and yet

I’ve already appeared in a movie.

You have met a famous athlete already. TIP
already and yet
I haven’t driven a race car yet. We use already with affirmative
He has already ridden a lot of roller coasters, but he statements to say that we have
completed something.
hasn’t ridden the world’s tallest roller coaster yet.
We use yet with negative statements to
We’ve ridden an elephant already, but we haven’t say that we haven’t completed something,
ridden a camel yet. but we plan to.
B | Write the present perfect form of the verbs in parentheses. Some answers require the
negative form.
1 John ________________________ (meet) a famous athlete
already.
2 You ________________________ (appear) in a movie yet.
3 Ken ________________________ (go) on a group tour of Japan
already, but he ________________________ (go) to Korea yet.
4 They love to go hiking in many places, but they
________________________ (climb) Mt. Kilimanjaro in
Tanzania yet.
5 Marie ________________________ (travel) to Mexico many
times, but she ________________________ (live) there yet.
6 I ________________________ (run) a marathon already. It was
the hardest thing I ________________________ (do).
C | Look at the conversation on page 67.

Underline all the examples of the present I haven't met a famous
perfect with already and yet. athlete yet.
D| Have you already done any of the

things in B? Tell a partner.
68 UNIT 7

Reading
awesome health scare
crochet knit
cupcake list
get better motorcycle
My bucket list
What’s on your bucket list? Cynthia and Huck have already started working on theirs.
Cynthia
I retired last year. I made my bucket list before I retired so that I
could make sure I would have the money to do what I wanted. The
biggest items on my bucket list are several trips to Europe to visit
England, France, Italy, Spain, and Germany. I have always wanted
to visit Europe. I’ve already visited Australia. I have already learned
how to crochet, but I haven’t learned how to knit. I haven’t ridden
on a motorcycle yet, though I do have a friend with a motorcycle
who promises to take me on a ride soon. I feel pretty good about
my bucket list.
Huck
I had a health scare last year. Everything is OK now, but I started
a bucket list while I was sick. I want to go whitewater rafting,
see the northern lights, go on a helicopter ride, and ride a camel.
Since I got better, I have started writing a novel. Last month I went
on a safari in Africa, which was awesome. I’ve always wanted
to enter a cooking contest with my cupcakes. There is one next
month, and I am definitely going to enter it!
C | Read the sentences. Write Cynthia or Huck.

1 _______________ retired last year.
2 _______________ had a health scare last year.
3 Going to Europe is on _______________’s bucket list.
4 _______________ wants to go whitewater rafting.
5 _______________ has already visited Australia.
6 _______________ went to Africa.
MY BUCKET LIST 69

Listening
act meteor
auditions perform
chef professional
comet reach the top
crashed role
a ______ b ______
c ______ d ______
C| Listen again. Circle the correct answers to the complete the sentences.
1 Sandra has / hasn’t climbed Mount Washington.
2 Sandra has / hasn’t climbed Mount Everest.
3 Carl has / hasn’t seen the northern lights.
4 Carl has / hasn’t seen a comet or meteor.
5 Sara has / hasn’t been to many auditions.
6 Sara has / hasn’t acted in a movie.
7 Mohamed has / hasn’t worked as a professional chef.
8 Mohamed has / hasn’t worked in one of the world’s great restaurants.
70 UNIT 7

Speaking
A|
Talk about a bucket list item you’ve Talk about a bucket list item you have not
already accomplished.
OR yet done.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
I have always found the idea of

One thing from my bucket
a city with canals fascinating.
list that I’ve already done is
Going to Amsterdam has been
to go parasailing. I went last
one of my bucket list items
year while on vacation at the
for a long time. So last year,
beach. It was so much fun. I
my cousin and I went during
can’t wait to go again.
spring break. It was awesome!
I’ve always wanted to go

Ever since I was very young,
to Niagara Falls in the US.
I have dreamed of space
I’ve heard it’s one of the top
travel. This is definitely on my
natural wonders in the world. I
bucket list. But for now, unless
haven’t been yet, but my sister
I become an astronaut, I don’t
and I are making plans to go
think this is possible to do.
next year.

more information.
What will you do

there? Where in space do
Was it expensive? you wish to go?
MY BUCKET LIST 71

Writing
I’ve already gotten my own place to live and found a

full-time job. And I’ve done some traveling with money
I’ve saved. I have also received some medals for winning
races with my swim team. I like to craft, so I have
learned how to knit and crochet. I make hats and
sweaters for family members and friends. And since I
think it’s important to help people in need, I have done
a lot of volunteering recently at a soup kitchen in my
neighborhood.
• What is one accomplishment the writer is proud of?

• Why does the writer volunteer at a soup kitchen?
• What are some accomplishments in your life so far?
B| Write about some of the amazing things you’ve already done in your life. Follow the

example. Use the information in EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
I have learned how

to…
speak another lang
I have already… uage.
. refinish furniture.
gotten a degree
d. grow my own vegeta
traveled abroa bles.
.
started a family
want to…
because/since I
eat better.
ences.
have new experi
stretch myself.
72 UNIT 7

UNIT
8 LATE AGAIN
UNIT GOALS
Vocabulary Reading
Reasons behind problems How late is late?
Talking about why a friend might be late People talking about why someone is late
Reduction at the end of might, must, could Speculating about why someone is late
Grammar Writing
Modals for speculating: may, might, could, must Writing about what you might do in the future
73

Vocabulary | Reasons behind problems
expensive
flight is delayed
have a cold
hungry
lost
nervous
phone is dead
stuck in traffic
upset
work late
1 2
You’re sneezing a lot. You could be working late / My husband isn’t home yet. He must be nervous /
have a cold / be hungry / be nervous. upset / working late at the office.
74 UNIT 8

3 4
She didn’t eat on the long train trip. She may You didn’t buy that sweater you like? It must
be working late / hungry / nervous now. be very late / expensive / lost.
5 6
My father didn’t call me this week. He might She’s never flown on an airplane before? She
be upset / nervous / happy with me about could be upset / nervous / working late.
something.
7 8
My wife is always home by now. She must be He hasn’t called yet? Maybe his phone is
nervous / stuck in traffic / working late. dead / upset / nervous.
LATE AGAIN 75

9 10
Their flight hasn’t arrived. It must be delayed My sister should be here by now. She could
/ nervous / upset. be expensive / lost / upset in the city.
D| Have you ever been late for a meeting or an event? Why? Tell a partner.
I was late for class one I was late to my own

time. I was stuck in birthday party. I had to
traffic. work late.
76 UNIT 8

Conversation
Isabel Jim, I’m sorry. Jennifer is late.
Jim She may be stuck in traffic.
Isabel I don’t think so. She’s walking here.
Jim Could she be lost?
Isabel No, she’s not lost. We eat at this café all the time.
Jim She might be working late.
Isabel Actually, Jim, it may be you.
Jim What?
Isabel She might be nervous about meeting you.
Jim Really? She couldn’t be nervous about meeting me.
Isabel I’m serious. Jennifer hasn’t been on a date in a very long time.
Jim Hmmm. That doesn’t sound good.
Isabel It’s not what you think. She just works a lot.
Jim I don’t know. Now I’m nervous.
Isabel Oh, wait! Here’s Jennifer now.
Jennifer I know. I’m late again. I was in an interview.
Isabel Jennifer, this is Jim.

Jennifer? Uh. Uh. You’re…uh…Jennifer…uh…Barton. You’re one of the
Jim news reporters for The Channel 6 Evening News program.
Isabel Oh, Jim. Ha ha ha. You really must be nervous!

1 How is Jennifer getting to the café? a taking a bus b driving her car c walking
2 How often does Jennifer go on a date? a rarely b sometimes c often
3 Why is Jennifer late? a working late b playing a video game c drying her hair

LATE AGAIN 77

Pronunciation | Reduction at the end of might, must, could
A| Listen. Notice the reduction of the letters in bold. Then practice.
He might call after dinner.

We might go to the movies.
They must be working late.
It must be very expensive.
She could be hungry now.
B | Find more sentences with these reduced sounds. Practice.
Grammar | Modals for speculating: may, might, could, must

He may be working late tonight.

She might be lost.
TIP
He could be hungry after his long flight. may, might, could = Perhaps it’s true.
must = I’m certain it’s true.
They must be on their way.
B | Match the question with the correct response.

1 ___ Why isn’t Christina answering her phone? a He might know how to repair this.
2 ___ Mark hasn’t eaten all day! b Her battery could be dead.
3 ___ Do I know her? c They must know the way. I gave them a map.
4 ___ He’s already two hours late. d He may not come today.
5 ___ He’s good at technical things. e He must be hungry!
6 ___ Do they know how to get to our house? f You must know her. She’s famous.
C | Look at the conversation on page 77. Underline all the modals for speculating.
D| Make up sentences speculating on each of these situations. Use may, might, could,
or must. Tell a partner.
1 My friend just arrived from Australia. He must
be famous!
2 Traffic is terrible today.
3 My roommate was studying until 10 p.m.
4 Their teacher has a bad cold.
5 Everyone is taking pictures of that man.
78 UNIT 8

Reading
considered plan
culture punctuality
determined by relaxed
exist rude
expect schedule
on time worry about
How late is late?

When you go to a meeting, how do you decide when to leave to get there? Do
you leave early, on time, or late? Your answer may be determined by where
you live. In some cultures, it’s rude to be late to a meeting or dinner. In other
cultures, it’s rude to arrive on time or early.
In Switzerland, when a train is scheduled to arrive at seven o’clock, the train will
be there on time. You can plan around the arrival time of the train. If you are late,
you will have to catch the next train.
In the United States, people expect things to happen on time. When people in the United States plan a meeting,
they expect people to be on time. Fifteen minutes late might be OK; an hour late is not. People in the United States
plan their day around things happening on time.
In Brazil, people aren’t as worried about being on time. It is not considered rude to be half an hour or an hour late to
a meeting. People in Brazil don’t worry about schedules and punctuality as much as people in some other cultures.
Africa is even more relaxed about time. In West Africa, two hours late is considered on time. They say that they exist
in time, not for time. They are more interested in their lives than in schedules.
C | Read the sentences. Choose the correct location.

the United States Brazil Switzerland Africa
1 In ____________________, people are expected to be on time to meetings.

2 In ____________________, two hours late is considered on time.
3 In ____________________, it is not considered rude to be half an hour late to a meeting.
4 In ____________________, trains are always on time.
I never arrive early for
D| What do you consider early, on time, or parties! if a party starts

late for a party or a business meeting? at 8, I usually arrive at 11.
Tell a partner.
LATE AGAIN 79

Listening
annoying is supposed to
car service nervous
client order
feel stupid park a car
first date upset
a ______ b ______
c ______ d ______
1 ____ This is really annoying.
2 ____ He’s supposed to be here by now.
3 ____ His cell phone must be dead.
4 ____ I hate first dates.
5 ____ I’m hungry.
6 ____ She could be lost.
7 ____ It could be stuck in traffic.
8 ____ She must be on her way.
80 UNIT 8

Speaking
A|
Imagine you’re waiting in a meeting room

Imagine you’re waiting in a café. Your
for your colleagues. The meeting is at
friend is late. Talk about where your OR
9:00 a.m. It’s now 9:10. Talk about where
friend might be.
they could be.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
I have no idea where Charles I wonder where Kati is. She’s

is. He said he was going to late. She could still be at
be here 15 minutes ago. He’s work. I called her, but she
not answering my texts. His didn’t respond. She must be
phone must be dead. And he on the phone with a client or
might be stuck in traffic. something.
I don’t understand why no

Where is everyone? I’ve been
one is here. The meeting was
waiting for 10 minutes and
supposed to start 10 minutes
no one is here. They must
ago. I think I may leave in 5
be in another meeting or
minutes if no one shows up by
something.
then. I have work to do!

more information.
Is she often late when Do you think you might

What else might be you’re supposed to have the wrong time
making him late? meet up? for the meeting?
LATE AGAIN 81

Writing
My birthday is one month away. I’ve been thinking about

how I want to celebrate. I might want to just go see a movie
with close friends. There’s a good movie coming out next
week that I want to see. I have also been thinking that I
may want to have a dinner party at my apartment. But
that would be a lot of work! Of course, we could always go
out to dinner. That would probably be a lot less stressful.
However I celebrate my birthday, there must be cake and
candles. That’s always my favorite part!
• What is one way the writer is thinking about celebrating his/her birthday?
• Why is the writer considering going to a restaurant?
• What is something in your near future that you’ve been thinking about?
B| What will happen in your near future? Consider the questions below and write what

you think might happen. Use the information in EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you.
• Where will you travel to this year?
• Where will you work next year?
• What new type of technology will you try next?
I may/could…
• What movie will you see next?
go to Canada.
EXPRESS YOURSELF! make a special mea
l.
take a semester of
f.
t…
e e n t h in king abou
I’ve b
acation.
my next v nniversar
y.
n t s ’ a xt
my pa r e
I w a n t t o take ne
es
the class
.
semester
I must…
pecial.
make it s
ning.
start plan ey aside.
mon
put some
82 UNIT 8

UNIT MY PLANS MIGHT
9 CHANGE
UNIT GOALS
Vocabulary Reading
Conditions that affect outcomes and choices Don’t let it get you down
Talking about weekend plans People talking about weekend plans and what
Pronunciation might change
Emphasis of words to stress probability Speaking
Grammar Talking about weekend plans and what might
First conditional with may, might, could, will change
probably Writing
Writing about what you will do tomorrow
83

Vocabulary | Conditions that affect outcomes and choices
be late for work

closed for repairs
finish my assignment for school
finish my chores at home
finish my errands
miss the train
miss too many classes
the internet is down
the weather is awful
the weather is nice
1 2
If the weather is ____, we’ll probably go running in I may be late for work if the road is ____.
the park. a done
a awful b not working
b down c closed for repairs
c closed d open for business
d nice
84 UNIT 9

3 4
If the internet is ____, you could read a book. We could see a movie tonight if I ____ this
a down afternoon.
b done a finish my errands
c closed b am late to work
d repaired c miss the train
d miss too many classes
5 6
If you ____, you might not graduate at the end He will probably be in trouble if he’s ____ one
of the year. more time.
a miss the train a closed for repairs
b are late to work b late for work
c miss too many classes c missing the train
d go to school every day d finishing his work
7 8
If I ____ early, I’ll help you with yours. We could stay inside and play a board game if
a close my computer the weather is ____.
b wake up a nice
c miss too many classes b out
d finish my assignment c down
d awful
MY PLANS MIGHT CHANGE 85

9 10
If you ____, another one will probably come in We might go out to eat if we ____ soon.
a few minutes. a finish our chores
a miss the train b miss too many classes
b are late to work c are late for work
c finish your work d are closed for repairs
d wake up late
D| What do you do if the internet is down? Tell a partner.
If the internet is down at my If the internet is down, I can’t

home, we go to the coffee watch videos on my phone. I
shop and use theirs. read a book instead.
86 UNIT 9

Conversation
Alexa What are your plans for this weekend?
Carla If the weather is nice, I’ll probably go hiking at the river tomorrow with my brother.
Alexa That sounds fun.
Carla If you’re free, you could go hiking with us.
Thanks, but I have a lot of homework and a lot of chores at

Alexa home. Oh, Carla, look. There’s Nicolas. He’s so cute.
Nicolas walks up to Alexa and Carla.

Hey, you two! If I finish my assignment for school tonight, I’ll
Nicolas probably go to a movie tomorrow. Would you like to go?
Carla Well, if I call…
Alexa …Nicolas, Carla already has plans with her brother.
Carla And, Alexa, you have homework and chores.
Don’t be silly, Carla! Nicolas, if you and I work together on your

Alexa assignment tonight, we could go to a movie tomorrow.
B | Read the sentences. Choose the correct answers.

1 Who will Carla go hiking with?
a Alexa b her brother c Nicolas
2 What will Nicolas do tonight?
a finish homework b go to a movie c clean his room
3 What will Alexa do tonight?
a help Nicolas b do chores at home c talk to Carla

Pronunciation | Emphasis of words to stress probability
A| Listen. Notice the emphasis on the words in bold. Then practice.
If we finish our homework in time, we might go see a movie.

If the weather is nice, you could go outside and play soccer.
If she’s driving her car, she may be late for work.
If it’s raining, we’ll probably stay home tonight.
B | Find more sentences with this type of emphasis. Practice.


Grammar | First conditional with may, might, could, will probably
If the weather is nice, I may go for a drive along the beach.

If she misses too many classes, she might not graduate at the
end of the semester.
If I finish my errands, I could go to the movies with my friends. TIP
may, might, could = possibility
If the internet is down at the coffee shop, I’ll probably go to
will probably = strong possibility
the library.
B | Match the two halves of the sentences.

1 ___ If it rains, a we’ll probably stay home and watch movies.
2 ___ You might not pass the test b it might be difficult to find parking.
3 ___ If we take the car, c if they go to the party.
4 ___ They could meet interesting people d I may go to the park with my dog.
5 ___ If the weather is nice this weekend, e if you don’t study.
6 ___ If she takes the job, f she might have to move to Hong Kong.
C | Look at the conversation on page 87. Underline all the examples of the first conditional.
D| Make up sentences of your own using the first conditional. Tell a partner.
1 If it rains tomorrow,
If it rains tomorrow, I
____________________________________. might wear my new
2 If I don’t study for my English test, raincoat.
____________________________________.
3 If I finish all my chores at home,
____________________________________.
4 If I’m late for class/work,
____________________________________.
5 If I’m free this weekend,
____________________________________.
88 UNIT 9

Reading
affected by likely
brain mood
completely study
extreme sunlight
fake tornado
get you down tricks
hurricane upbeat
lamp volunteering
Don’t let it get you down

Most people have experienced feeling bad on a cold, rainy day. The
weather probably can’t completely change your mood. If you are
feeling happy and upbeat, then a rainy, windy day won’t get you down,
but if you are already feeling bad, then rain, cold, and wind will likely
make you feel worse.
One study showed that most people are not affected by the weather. However, many people are affected
by sunlight. The study found that people who see less sunlight often feel more tired. So, in the winter
months when you feel more tired, it is probably because the days are shorter and you aren’t seeing
enough sun. One way that people try to feel less tired in the winter is by using a sunlight lamp. This fake
sunlight tricks the brain into thinking it is getting the real thing.
Another study showed that cold weather or extreme weather like hurricanes or tornadoes can make
people kinder. In bad weather, people can feel closer to each other and want to help each other more.
So, the next time the winter weather is getting you down, try a sunlight lamp, or try volunteering to help
people out. Both things might make you feel better.

1 ____ Studies show that most people aren’t affected by weather that much.
2 ____ The weather can completely change your mood.
3 ____ People are affected by sunlight. I love to go outdoors in
4 ____ In the winter, you are more tired because it is cold. all types of weather.
5 ____ Extreme weather can make people kinder.
D| Do different types of weather affect what you do or how

you feel? Tell a partner.

Listening
calm paint
catch a flight scarf
library snowboarding
move into windsurfing
B| Listen. Write the number of the conversation next to the correct picture.
a ______ b ______
c ______ d ______
C| Listen again. Match the condition with the outcome.
Condition Outcome
1 ____ if it’s windy on the weekend a study on Saturday
2 ____ if the weather is calm b go hiking
3 ____ if I don’t finish assignment on Friday c go shopping
4 ____ if the coffee shop is closed d go to library
5 ____ if it snows e catch a flight
6 ____ if it doesn’t snow f go snowboarding
7 ____ if I don’t have to work g paint the bedroom
8 ____ if I have to work h go windsurfing
90 UNIT 9

Speaking
A|
Talk about your plans for the weekend. Talk about a friend or family member’s
What condition or situation might plans for the weekend. What condition or
OR
change your plans? What could you do situation might change their plans? What
instead? could they do instead?
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
If it’s hot on the weekend, I If my friend is free on Saturday,

might go to the beach. If it isn’t we might go ice-skating. If he
hot, I’ll probably stay home isn’t free, I might ask another
and do some chores. friend to go with me.
If my friend Jon’s boss calls,

If it rains on the weekend, my
he might have to work on
sister is not going on the hiking
the weekend. If she doesn’t
trip. Instead, she’ll visit our
call, he’s going to go out with
grandparents.
members of his soccer team.

more information.
Will you go too if
Who will you ask if he doesn’t have to Where do your
your friend’s not free? work? grandparents live?

Writing
If there’s a bad storm tomorrow morning, I will probably

leave my house later than usual to avoid the traffic.
If my friend has an extra ticket to a show, I might
leave work early to go. If I have a surprise visitor, I
could suggest we go to a restaurant because my
kitchen is a mess.
• What are the conditions that might change the writer’s plans?
• How might her plans change tomorrow?
• What is something in your near future that you’ve been thinking about doing?
B| Write about what you will do tomorrow. Choose three prompts below and write about

how they may change your plans. Use the information in EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you.
• there is a bad storm when you go to work • the bus is late
• you don’t feel well • you forget your lunch at home
• your friend has an extra ticket to a show • your dinner plans are canceled
• you have a surprise visitor • the internet is down at home
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
I could…
ht… show him/her aroun
I may/mig early. d town.
rk order a pizza.
leave wo late.
rk
get to wo . go to my neighbor’s
and
ook
read a b use his/hers.
I will probably…
.
bring an umbrella
stay in bed.
make dinner.
92 UNIT 9

UNIT WHAT WOULD
10 YOU DO?
UNIT GOALS
Vocabulary Reading
Problems and dilemmas Do you believe in karma?
Talking about a broken or stolen tablet People talking about what they would do in a
Pronunciation dilemma
Pausing between clauses Speaking
Grammar Talking about facing a moral or ethical dilemma
Second conditional with would: Questions and Writing
statements Writing about winning the lottery
93

Vocabulary | Problems and dilemmas
break my tablet
catch someone stealing something
find a wallet on the street
forget my father’s birthday
hear a secret about someone
leave my bag on the train
lose my cell phone
notice someone cutting in line
receive too much change at a store
see someone littering
B | Look at the pictures. Choose the correct word to complete each sentence.
1 2
If I took / caught / looked / found a wallet on the What would you do if you lost / noticed / looked
street, I would keep it. / caught your cell phone?
94 UNIT 10

3 4
If I got / heard / forgot / gave my father’s If you found / took / heard / broke your
birthday, I would feel awful. tablet, would you buy a new one?
5 6
What would he do if he received / heard / I’d say something if I noticed someone being
left / broke his bag on the train? / cutting / catching / forgetting in line.
7 8
What would you do if you had / caught / If I received / gave / paid / wanted too
received / took someone stealing a purse? much change at the store, I’d give the extra
money back.
WHAT WOULD YOU DO? 95

9 10
What would you do if you found / took / I’d definitely speak up if I saw someone
heard / broke a secret about your best littering / leaving / cutting / breaking.
friend?
D| Which of the situations in A have you been in before? What happened? Tell a partner.
I found a wallet in the park

I noticed someone cutting one time. I found the owner's
in line. I yelled, “Hey, the phone number and called
line starts back here!” him. He was so happy!
96 UNIT 10

Conversation
Franco, what would you do if you saw a kid
Melanie your tablet from your table at the pizzeria?
stealing
Franco If I saw a kid stealing my tablet, I’d run after him.
Melanie What would you do if you caught up with him?
Franco That’s easy. If I caught up with the kid, I’d ask for my tablet.
Melanie Right. That’s what I did.
Franco What?
Ummm…I mean…if I caught up with him, I’d do that, too.

Melanie
And how would you feel if the kid handed you the tablet?
Franco Happy.
Melanie
And how would you feel if you dropped your tablet when he gave it to you?
Franco Upset!
Melanie I was afraid of that. So, Franco, what would you do if I broke your tablet?
Franco Oh, I understand now. Melanie, if you broke my tablet, I’d call my sister.
Melanie Why?
Franco It’s her tablet.
Franco calls his sister on his cell phone and gives the phone to Melanie.
Melanie Oh, no! Hello? Maria? What would you do if you saw a kid stealing your tablet?

1 ____ Melanie asked the kid for the tablet. 3 ____ Melanie broke the tablet.
2 ____ Melanie dropped the tablet. 4 ____ It was Franco's tablet.
Pronunciation | Pausing between clauses
A| Listen. Notice the pause between the clauses. Then practice.
If I found a wallet on the street, I would return it.

If I saw someone stealing something, I’d tell the store manager.
If I heard a secret about someone, I wouldn’t say anything.
If I didn’t have to work, I would travel around the world.
B | Find more sentences with pauses between clauses. Practice.

Grammar | Second conditional with would: Questions and statements
If I found a wallet, I would return it. TIP

If I had free time, I would meet my friends.
If it didn’t have ID, I would give it to the police.
(But I don’t have free time.)
If it had a lot of money in it, I would ask for a reward. If I have free time, I will meet my friends.
(I might have free time. I’m not sure yet.)
What would you do if you found a wallet? I'd return it.

I would give it to the police.
What would you do if it didn’t have any ID in it?
I wouldn’t. I would give the money to charity.
Would you return the wallet if it had a lot of
Yes, I would.
money in it?

1 What would you do if you have / had / would have more money?
2 If I see / saw / would see someone stealing something in a store, I would tell the store manager.
3 If I hear / heard / would hear a secret about someone, I will not / wouldn’t say anything.
4 What would you do if you receive / received / would receive too much change at a store?
5 Will / Would you quit your job if you win / won / would win the lottery?
6 I would travel around the world if I don’t have / didn’t have / wouldn’t have to work.
C | Look at the conversation on page 97. Underline all the examples of the second conditional.
D| What would you do in the following situations?

Tell a partner. If my friends gave me a
surprise birthday party,
1 If I saw a person drop some cash on the ground... I’d be so happy!
2 If I saw someone stealing a bicycle...
3 If I found a box full of kittens...
4 If I found a phone on the back seat of a taxi...
5 If my friends gave me a surprise birthday party...
98 UNIT 10

Reading
bank teller flat tire
beggar philosophy
closet religious
complete a transaction rude
end up treated poorly
examples yelled at
Do you believe in karma?

Karma is a religious belief and a life philosophy. Basically, people who believe in karma believe that if you
do good things, good things will happen to you, and if you do bad things, bad things will happen to you.
Here are some examples of good and bad karma.
Good karma
A woman finds a phone. She calls the owner and returns the phone. A year
later, the woman loses her brand new phone on the subway. The next day, a
police officer calls to tell her that someone has found it.
A man sees a homeless person on the side of the street. He stops and gives
the man five dollars. When he gets home, he pulls an old coat out of the
closet to wear that night, and he finds 50 dollars in the pocket!
Bad karma
A man is very rude to a bank teller, yelling at her when she cannot complete
his transaction. Later on that week, the man is yelled at and treated poorly
by one of his clients at work.
A man is late to work. As an excuse, he tells his boss that he got a flat tire on
his car, but it wasn’t true. On the way home, the man gets a flat tire.
Be careful what you do, or you might end up with some bad karma.
C | Read the sentences. Write G (good karma) or B (bad karma).

1 _____ A man is rude to a bank teller.
2 _____ A man gives a homeless person money.
3 _____ A man lies about having a flat tire.
4 _____ A woman returns a lost phone.

Listening
appointments ID
break into keep a secret
call the police locator app
contacts not cool
expect panic
get away reward
gossip thief
a ______ b ______
c ______ d ______
C| Listen again. Then read the sentences. Choose the correct answers.
1 If Joanne saw someone breaking into a car / lost her cell phone, she would not tell anyone else
/ call the police.
2 If Naomi heard a secret / lost her cell phone, she would panic / see if there was any ID and
contact the owner.
3 If Kofi found a wallet / heard a secret, he would not tell anyone else / call the police.
4 If Stephen saw someone breaking into a car / found a wallet, he would see if there was any ID
and contact the owner / panic.
100 UNIT 10

Speaking
A|
You learn that your friend’s boyfriend/

You find a gold ring on a park bench.
girlfriend is seeing someone else. How OR
What would you do?
would you feel? What would you do?
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
If I learned that my friend’s If I learned that my friend’s

boyfriend was seeing girlfriend was seeing someone
someone else, I would feel else, I would be so mad at both
angry at him and sad for my her and the guy she’s seeing.
friend. I would tell him that I would remind her that she
either he should tell her, or I already has a boyfriend and to
will! stop dating the other guy.
If I found a gold ring on a If I found a gold ring on a park

park bench, I would try to sell bench, I would bring it to the
it because there is no way I police in case someone reports
could find the owner. it missing.

more information.
What would her Wouldn’t you feel bad

Would you tell your boyfriend do if you about taking money
friend about it? told him? for it?

Writing
If I won the lottery, I would do as much as possible!

I would save some money or buy stock in a cool
internet company. I would give some of the money
to my family. I would give some of the money to
medical research. I would definitely pay all my debts,
and then I’d go shopping. I would plan trips and
invite my family and friends to join me. I would not
waste money on things I don’t need.
• What would the writer do for family?

• Which do you think is the best idea? Why?
• What would you do if you won the lottery?
B| Write about what you would do if you won the lottery. Use the information in

EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
I would maybe…
redecorate my hom
efinitely… oney. e.
I would d m do some traveling.
e of the
invest som m y debts. give some to charity
f a ll o f .
pay of .
e s o m e to family
giv
en…
I might ev car.
buy a new
rly.
retire ea
h r o w a b ig party.
t
102 UNIT 10

REVIEW, ASSESS,
CONNECT & EXTEND
RE VIE W, AS SE S S, C ON N EC T & E X TEN D UNIT S 6–10

Vocabulary | Complete the crossword puzzle. Use vocabulary from Units 6–10.
1 2 3
Across
1. We got ___ in traffic on the way to work.
4 3. When I went to the UAE, I rode a ___.
5 4. In the evenings I ___ math to high school students.
5. Alan’s flight is ___ until 10:30 tonight!
6. I saw someone ___ a bicycle yesterday! The police
6
caught him.
7. Ken has already ___ three classes this month.
7 8
9 . We wanted to go camping, but the weather was ___.
Down
9 2. I have to finish my ___ at home before I go out.
3. Emma is an artist. She’s very ___.
8. I’d like to go on a ___ in Africa someday.

1 He’s live in Boston for three years.
________________________________________________________________________________
2 How long you have worked in that office?
________________________________________________________________________________
3 I haven’t gotten my driver’s license already.
________________________________________________________________________________
4 She has already rode an elephant.
________________________________________________________________________________
5 If they arrive early, I’ll meet probably them at the station.
________________________________________________________________________________
6 They could hungry after their long trip.
________________________________________________________________________________
7 If the weather is nice, I may to go to the park.
________________________________________________________________________________
8 If I find a wallet, I would return it.
________________________________________________________________________________
9 If they don’t finished their work, they might not meet us tonight.
________________________________________________________________________________
10 What you would do if you won the lottery?
________________________________________________________________________________
Vocabulary Grammar
RACE 103

REVIEW, ASSESS,
CONNECT & EXTEND
Find someone who…

A | Complete the questions with your own ideas.
Questions Names
1 Have you studied ______________ for ______________ years? ____________________
2 Have you lived in _______________ since _______________ ? ____________________
3 Have you ever eaten _________________________________ ? ____________________
4 Have you ever been to _______________________________ ? ____________________
5 Have you ever driven ________________________________ ? ____________________
6 Have you ever met a famous __________________________ ? ____________________
7 If the weather is nice this weekend, will you _______________ ? ____________________
8 If the internet went down, would you ____________________ ? ____________________
9 If you found a phone, would you _______________________ ? ____________________
10 If you heard a secret, would you ________________________ ? ____________________
B | Ask your classmates the questions. Find Have you studied art for
someone who answers yes. Then write his three years?
or her name.
Try it out
Y
ou missed an important meeting with ell a co-worker about your possible
T
one of your instructors. Write an email plans this weekend and invite him/her
to apologize and reschedule. to join you.
If the weather is nice

on Saturday, I might go
hiking. Do you want to
come along? It’ll be fun.
Dear Professor Lopez,
I’m so sorry that I missed
our meeting this morning.
Could we meet tomorrow
at 3:30?
104 RACE

UNIT
11 TIME TO TRAVEL
UNIT GOALS
Vocabulary Reading
Travel planning To adventure!
Giving a friend advice on preparing for a trip People giving advice on how to prepare for a trip
Word stress in compound nouns Talking about a future vacation or travel plan
Grammar Writing
Modals for necessity and recommendation: must, Writing advice for visiting your country for the
have to, ought to, should first time
105

Vocabulary | Travel planning
book a hotel room

book your flight
buy a guide book
buy a new bathing suit
buy some good hiking boots
buy some new luggage
do some online research
get a passport
get a tourist visa
rent a car
1 2
Before you travel, you should buy ____. You must get a ____ to travel to another country.
a new luggage a suit
b a passport b flight
c a guide book c book
d a tourist visa d passport
106 UNIT 11

3 4
You shouldn’t book your ____ yet. You really ought to buy some new ____.
a luggage a signs
b research b luggage
c visa c guide books
d flight d hotel rooms
5 6
We love walking, so we don’t have to ____ a Do you have to get a ____ before your trip?
car. a bathing suit
a book b tourist visa
b need c book
c rent d hotel room
d make
7 8
You should get a new ____ for the beach. She ought to do some ____ to plan her
a bathing suit vacation.
b passport a online research
c hiking boots b bathing
d tourist visa c flights
d hiking
TIME TO TRAVEL 107

9 10
I should get some good ____ for my trip to Should I ____ a hotel room now, or wait until
the Galapagos Islands. I’m there?
a luggage a do
b bathing suit b buy
c hiking boots c book
d tourist visa d have
D| Which of the things in A have you done to prepare for a trip? Tell a partner.
I’ve gotten a tourist visa to I’ve rented a car to drive in

visit Turkey. California.
108 UNIT 11

Conversation
Adam Summer
vacation is going to be great this year.
Lisa Adam, concentrate. We have to study for the exam tomorrow.
Adam I’m
going to go backpacking in Ecuador. It’s going to be my first time in a foreign country.
Lisa Adam, that’s great, but you have to be quiet. I can’t study when you’re talking.
Adam There’s
so much to do. Didn’t you go to Australia last summer?
Lisa OK. Here’s what you should do. You ought to make a list so you don’t forget anything.
Adam Right.
A list. Lisa, what should I put on the list?
Lisa Put on your list things you must do and things you should do.
Adam There’s
a difference?
Lisa Sure. You must get a passport. And you mustn’t forget your tourist visa.
Adam That’s
right. That’s important.
You should book your flights now to save money.

Lisa And you shouldn’t forget to book your hotel rooms.
Adam Should
I buy a guide book?
Lisa Yes. You ought to put that on your list, too. I’d recommend that.
Adam Is there anything else I must do?
Lisa Yes. You have to be quiet now and study!

1 Where is Adam going on vacation?
a Australia b Ecuador c Egypt
2 What does Lisa tell Adam to do?
a make a list b mail postcards c buy hiking boots
3 Why should Adam book flights now?
a to get good seats b to help his sister c to save money
TIME TO TRAVEL 109

Pronunciation | Word stress in compound nouns
A| Listen. Notice the stress in the syllables in bold. Then practice.
hiking boots tourist visa guide book

bathing suit hotel room cell phone
B | Find more compound nouns. Practice.
Grammar | Modals for necessity and recommendation: must, have to, ought to, should
You must get a passport.

You mustn’t bring scissors onto the plane.
You have to get a tourist visa to visit there. TIP
You don’t have to check in at the airline counter. You can do it at Use must, mustn’t, and have to to talk
home on the computer. about a necessity in the present or future.
Don’t have to means that it isn’t necessary
You should buy a guide book. to do, but you can do it if you choose to.
Ought to, should, and shouldn’t are used
You shouldn’t book your flights now. They’re really expensive. to give recommendations or advice.
You ought to wait a few weeks.
B | Choose the correct modal to complete the sentences.

1 You must / don’t have to / should get a passport before you travel abroad.
2 Travelers must / have to / should book their plane tickets in advance to get better deals.
3 We mustn’t / don’t have to / ought to rent a car. We can take a cab around town.
4 You mustn’t / don’t have to / shouldn’t drink alcohol in Saudi Arabia. It is illegal.
5 Travelers must / have to / ought to buy a guide and maps before traveling to a foreign place.
6 We must / don’t have to / shouldn’t stay in a hotel in an unsafe area even if it’s cheap.
C | Look at the conversation on page 109. Underline all the examples of modals for necessity
and recommendation.
D| Make up sentences of your own about travel planning. Tell a partner.

1 If you want to go to France, you must...
2 If you travel by plane, you mustn’t... You ought to visit the
Sydney Opera House.
3 If you want to rent a car, you have to...
4 If you travel to Canada in the winter, you
should...
5 If you go to Australia, you ought to...
110 UNIT 11

Reading
acquire a permit decorated glaciers
adventure dedicated located
alike destination novice
altitude energetic private
basecamp exotic staff
cottages get used to wilderness
To adventure!
Have you ever dreamed of visiting an exotic place? Have you ever thought about going on a difficult trip
and experiencing an adventure? Here are some trips you might want to try.
Patagonia Wilderness
If you like a vacation that is an adventure, you should think about a guided trip in
the Patagonia wilderness. Located in the southern parts of Chile and Argentina,
novice and experienced adventurers alike can hike and explore the area’s
mountains, glaciers, lakes, and rivers.
Mount Everest
Energetic adventurers might want to try climbing Mount Everest. You have to
acquire a permit before you can even head to basecamp. The permit alone can cost
up to $25,000. Traveling to basecamp takes days, and you travel through much of
Nepal. When you get to basecamp, you have to spend two weeks getting used to
the altitude before you can go any further. You really have to be dedicated to make
this climb.
Petit St. Vincent
A flight from Barbados, followed by a 20-minute boat ride, make this a very out-of-
the-way destination. There are only 22 beautifully decorated cottages on this private
island. There is no TV or wifi, so the only thing to do is relax and enjoy the delicious
food prepared by the island staff.
C | Complete each sentence with Patagonia Wilderness, Mount Everest, or Petit St. Vincent.
1 You have to hike for days before you get to _________________________.
2 There is no television or internet service on _________________________.
3 You have to pay for a permit for _________________________.
4 _________________________ has mountains and glaciers.
5 You have to go to Barbados to get to _________________________.
TIME TO TRAVEL 111

Listening
apply pair
carry-on bag seat
comfortable take up space
hurt ticket
a ______ b ______
c ______ d ______
C| Listen again. Choose the correct answers.

1 Alicia is talking about her travel plans / weekend plans.
2 Alicia is planning to go to Turkey / Texas.
3 Alicia should apply for her working visa / passport today.
4 Alicia ought to book her ticket / hotel soon.
5 Alicia ought to take a suitcase and a carry-on bag if she’s traveling around the country /
staying in Istanbul.
6 Alicia should take a pair of comfortable walking shoes and a pair of hiking boots /
a second pair of shoes to wear at night.
112 UNIT 11

Speaking
A|
Talk about an outdoor vacation you plan to

Talk about a vacation you plan to take to a
take, like going on a hiking trip or taking a
foreign country. How will you prepare for OR
trip to the beach. How will you prepare for
your trip? What will you take with you?
your trip? What will you take with you?
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
I want to go to Canada next

summer. First, I need to
I plan to go to New Zealand
decide where I want to go in
during winter break. I should
Canada. Then I have to buy
probably get my plane ticket
my ticket. I ought to check
soon. But first I must save a
what the weather will be like
little more money. I also ought
so I can pack the right clothes.
to check to make sure my
And I should apply for my
passport hasn’t expired.
passport now so that I’m sure
to have it on time.
I hope to go scuba diving in

I plan to hike part of the Pacific
Egypt next year. I ought to see
Crest Trail in the fall. I have to
if my friend Lisa can come
research and buy all the things
with me. She’s been before,
I’ll need to take with me now,
so she knows the ropes. Even
because I must start physically
if she can’t come, she should
preparing with my backpack
be able to tell me everything I
on right away. It’s a tough hike!
need to know to get ready.

more information.
How much more Why did you choose

Have you ever been money do you need to Egypt for a scuba
there? save? diving trip?
TIME TO TRAVEL 113

Writing
Hello, Lilly!
I’m looking forward to your visit to London this summer! You must remember
a few things. First, you have to pack for both cool and warm weather. And
you mustn’t forget to bring an adaptor so you can plug in all your electronic
devices. When you arrive, you should buy a public transport pass that is good
for a week. You ought to rest up because we are going to be busy! You should
send me an email with your exact travel dates as soon as you know them so I
can start planning. I hope you like museums and public gardens! We’re going
to have such a fantastic time.
Take care,
Jenn
• What does Jenn remind Lilly to bring?

• What does Jenn suggest Lilly does when she arrives?
• What advice would you give a foreign friend who’s coming to visit your city?
B| Write an email to someone visiting your country for the first time. Give advice to help

them prepare and know what to do when they arrive. Use the information in EXPRESS
YOURSELF to help you.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
You mustn’t forget…
to tip service people
to… l .
You have o r m a l a n d informa that we drive on th
e other
f
pack both side of the road.
clothes. im e at the there are a lot of pi
t y o f t ck
allow plen pockets in the street
airport. s.
.
o o k y o u r hotel now
b
h o u ld / o u ght to…
You s ard at th
e
a S IM c
buy
airport.
gear.
bring rain
on your
brush up
Spanish.
114 UNIT 11

UNIT
12 BUSY DAY
UNIT GOALS
Vocabulary Reading
Busy day activities Multitasking: Reality or myth?
Talking about a busy day at work People talking about busy work situations
Three-letter consonant blends Talking about a busy day
Grammar Writing
Separable phrasal verbs Writing about weekend chores
115

Vocabulary | Busy day activities
call back
drop off
fill out
look up
put back
put on
take off
throw away
turn down
write down
1 2
Did you drop them on / off / down / up at school? She calls her mother on / off / down / back after
work.
116 UNIT 12

3 4
I put my coat on / off / up / down before I go He uses the internet to look up / down / on /
outside. off the answers.
5 6
The music is too loud! Please turn it up / I take my shoes off / on / back / away when
down / back / on. I get home.
7 8
Don’t forget to write off / away / down / He puts the clean dishes off / down / on /
back your shopping list. back in the cabinet.
BUSY DAY 117

9 10
You have to fill out / on / off / over a form at Did you throw it down / on / away / off by
the doctor’s office. mistake?
D| Make sentences using the phrasal verbs in A that are true for you. Tell a partner.
I always write down a Every day I have to tell my

list before I go to the sister to turn down her music.
supermarket. It’s annoying!
118 UNIT 12

Conversation
Adam I forgot to call back John about the meeting tomorrow.
Pia What about the meeting this afternoon? Did you fill out all your reports?
I forgot about that meeting! I wrote down the date on a piece of

Adam paper,
but I think I accidentally threw it away after the last meeting.
Pia Well, you can just drop off the report at Mr. Garcia’s office tomorrow morning.
Adam I don’t have his address.
Pia I gave it to you last week.
Adam I know. I lost it. I tried to look it up on the internet.
Pia Adam, you’re not very organized.
Adam But
you are. How do you do it?
Pia I use my phone. I put everything on it: email addresses, phone numbers, meeting dates.
Adam And
you never miss meetings or forget to do things.
Pia Exactly.
Adam Hey,
do you have John’s number so I can call him back?
Pia Sure. It should be here on my phone. Oh, no!
Adam What’s
the matter?
Pia Adam, I do forget to do things! I forgot to charge my phone.

1 ____ Adam forgot about this afternoon’s meeting.
2 ____ Adam doesn’t know where Mr. Garcia’s office is.
3 ____ Pia isn’t very organized.
4 ____ Pia can’t look up John’s number because she lost her phone.
Pronunciation | Three-letter consonant blends
A| Listen. Notice the sounds of the letters in bold. Then practice.
throw three street stress sprain spring
B | Find more words with these types of consonant blends. Practice.

BUSY DAY 119

Grammar | Separable phrasal verbs
Did you drop off Emily at school? No, I dropped her off at her friend’s house.
Did you call back your father? No, I forgot to call him back.
Could you turn down the music? It’s really loud. Sure, I’ll turn it down now.
Can you take off your shoes before you come in
Sure, I’ll take them off at the door.
the house?
B | Rewrite the sentences. Change each underlined noun phrase to a pronoun.

1 I need to drop off my mom at the airport.
_____________________________________________________________________
2 You have to fill out some forms at the doctor’s office.
_____________________________________________________________________
3 Look up the word in a dictionary.
_____________________________________________________________________
4 Can you turn down the heat?
_____________________________________________________________________
5 Please throw away your trash over there.
_____________________________________________________________________
6 Can you write down your address for me?
_____________________________________________________________________
7 Take off your coat before you go inside.
_____________________________________________________________________
8 Can you put back the books where you found them?
_____________________________________________________________________
C | Look at the conversation on page 119. Underline all the examples of phrasal verbs.
D| Make up sentences of your own using phrasal verbs and pronouns. Your partner will
guess the objects.
I take them off when I get

home from work.
Your shoes!
120 UNIT 12

Reading
attention instead
brain multitask
bursts productive
concentrate on researcher
digital age retain
effectively specific
efficient switch between
exist take in
focus tasks
Multitasking: reality or myth?

In the digital age, everyone is expected to multitask, but does multitasking really work?
Many researchers say that multitasking doesn’t exist. Some studies say
that people aren’t ever really multitasking, or doing two things at once.
Instead, studies have found that we quickly switch between activities. Our
brain decides which information is important and only concentrates on that
information. If you are talking to a client while reading email, you are hearing
less of what your client has to say while you take in the email information.
So, when you are trying to do two different things, your brain can’t retain all
of the information. Multitasking can make you less efficient, not more.
People who multitask less are better at changing their focus and more effectively finish all of their tasks. People
who are always trying to do several things at one time are more likely to get distracted and are less effective at
quick task-switching. So, since multitasking is here to stay, how can we be better multitaskers?
Studies show that while too many tasks can be a problem, focusing on switching between a few specific tasks can
help people focus on each task better. The important thing is to not be too distracted. Short bursts of attention with
several breaks are the best way to be productive.

1 ____ No one really multitasks.
2 ____ Multitasking is really task-switching.
3 ____ While multitasking, our brains take in all the information from all tasks.
4 ____ People who multitask less are worse at changing their focus.
5 ____ It’s important to not be too distracted.
6 ____ Short bursts of attention with several breaks make you more productive.
BUSY DAY 121

Listening
address free
application form package
appointment pick up
available spell
document stop by
folder wrong
a ______ b ______
c ______ d ______
C| Listen again. Write the number of the speaker next to the correct phrasal verb. One of

the phrasal verbs is said by two different speakers.
1 ______ call back
2 ______ drop off
3 ______ fill out
4 ______ pick up
5 ______ put back
6 ______ throw away
7 ______ write down
122 UNIT 12

Speaking
A|
Talk about a busy morning, afternoon,

evening, or weekday.
OR Talk about a busy weekend day.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
Yesterday I had such a busy Last Monday was a very busy

morning! I had to get up early day. My grandparents were
to drop my brother off at school. visiting. First, they wanted to
Then my mom wanted me to go shopping. After that, they
stop by the pharmacy to pick wanted to go to lunch. After
her prescription up. After that, I lunch, we played a game, and
had to take the trash out. then they took a nap.
I went to visit my friend Karen

I was so busy last Sunday.
last weekend. We went to an
I went grocery shopping,
exhibit, walked around the
prepped all my meals for the
shopping district, had lunch,
week, cleaned my apartment,
went for a bike ride, went out to
and did all my laundry. After
dinner, then out for ice cream. I
that, I was so tired that I went
was so tired, I fell asleep on the
to bed without eating dinner!
train ride back to her apartment.

more information.
How often do they Were you able to relax

Did you make it to
come visit? at all?
work on time?
BUSY DAY 123

Writing
This weekend, I want to clean out closets and catch up

on laundry. I also want to work out at my gym. I plan to
drop off library books and items for donation and pick
up my dry cleaning. I hope to catch up on my reading,
too. If possible, I want to scratch off my entire long list
of chores. I may fill out some job applications, too. With
exams coming, I also need to load up on healthy snacks
for the library.
• What is one thing the writer will drop off?

• What might the writer also do?
• What do you hope to accomplish this weekend?
B| What chores can you do on a weekend? Write about all the tasks you want to finish

this weekend. Use the information in EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
I plan to…
go grocery shopping.
clean out the fridge
I want/hope to… hang up my new pict
.
losets.
go through my c ures.
old
get rid of some
books.
.
clean my carpets
I need to…
pay my bills.
catch up on my
emails.
call my parents.
124 UNIT 12

UNIT
13 HEALTHY HABITS
UNIT GOALS
Vocabulary Reading
Healthy living An apple a day keeps the doctor away
Discussing healthy habits and behaviors People discussing healthy decisions or changes
Different ways to pronounce vowel combinations Talking about healthy or unhealthy habits
Grammar Writing
Gerunds as subjects or objects Writing about a healthy habit or one you’d like to
change
125

Vocabulary | Healthy living
drinking alcohol
eating fried foods
eating fruits and vegetables
exercising regularly
getting a good night’s sleep
losing weight
reducing stress
smoking cigarettes
staying up late at night
taking breaks
1 2
Taking / Drinking / Smoking / Eating fruits and Eating / Smoking / Drinking / Losing cigarettes
vegetables is good for you. is your biggest problem.
126 UNIT 13

3 4
Taking / Getting / Losing / Exercising Exercising / Smoking / Drinking / Eating

a good night’s sleep isn’t a problem for my regularly is a great way to get rid of stress.
brother.
5 6
Eating / Smoking / Losing / Drinking I have trouble taking up / staying up /

alcohol can cause problems. eating / getting up late at night in the office.
7 8
A lot of people gain weight because of Meditating is my favorite way of reducing /

drinking / smoking / losing / eating fried taking / losing / getting stress.
foods.
HEALTHY HABITS 127

9 10
My boss believes in eating / reducing / Is having / losing / taking / eating weight

losing / taking breaks every afternoon. one of your biggest goals?
D| Which of the activities in A are good for you? Which are bad for you? Take turns talking

with a partner.
Getting a good night’s sleep Staying up late at night is bad

is good for you. for you.
128 UNIT 13

Conversation
Liza Chet!
I’ve never seen you at the gym!
Chet Hi, Liza. I just joined, and I’m going to get healthy…finally.
Liza Going
to the gym is a great start.
Chet Losing some weight is my number one goal.
Liza Good.
Exercising regularly should be a big part of your plan.
Chet Ah! I should have a plan.
Liza
Absolutely. And eating fruits and vegetables should be a part of your plan.
Chet That’s going to be difficult. I love eating fried foods.
Liza
Going to bed early should be part of your plan, too.
Chet Liza, that’s a real problem. I love staying up late at night.
Liza A
good plan for staying healthy should focus on reducing stress in your life.
Chet Really? But I already have a plan for reducing stress in my life.
Liza What
is it?
Chet I smoke cigarettes.
Liza Chet!
Smoking cigarettes is terrible for your health.
Chet But, Liza, reducing stress your way sounds really…stressful!

1 What does Chet want to start doing?
a getting healthy b meeting new people c looking for a new job
2 What does Chet love to eat?
a fruits and vegetables b desserts c fried foods
3 How does Chet reduce stress?
a smoking b watching TV c sleeping
HEALTHY HABITS 129

Pronunciation | Different ways to pronounce vowel combinations
A| Listen. Then practice saying the words.
eat fried weight fruit

break friend receive quit
B | Find more words with this type of emphasis. Practice.
Grammar | Gerunds as subjects or objects

Gerunds as subjects Gerunds as objects

I’m not a big fan of exercising, but I like
Eating fruits and vegetables is good for you.
playing tennis.
Smoking cigarettes is terrible for your health. My problem is eating a lot of fried foods.
I really believe in getting a good night’s sleep.
Losing weight isn’t very easy for me.
It’s important for reducing stress.
B | Complete the sentences using the gerund form of the words from the box.
cook do exercise drink eat stay
1 _______________ regularly, like jogging or going to the gym, is good for your health.
2 _______________ fried foods every day isn’t good for you.
3 _______________ up late will make you feel tired the next day.
4 My favorite way of staying healthy is _______________ yoga every day.
5 The best thing for your health is not _______________ too much alcohol.
6 I enjoy _______________ healthy meals.
C | Look at the conversation on page 129. Underline all the gerunds.
D| Make up sentences of your own using gerunds. Tell a partner.

1 ____________________________________
is good for you.
My biggest problem is
2 ____________________________________ drinking too much soda.
is bad for you.
3 ____________________________________
is one of my favorite things to do outdoors.
4 I enjoy _______________________________
____________________________________ .
5 My biggest problem is __________________
____________________________________ .
130 UNIT 13

Reading
cure proverb
home remedies rise
hope sayings
illness sooner or later
individual thy
no matter wealthy
olive oil wine
poor wise
An apple a day keeps the doctor away

Every culture has different thoughts on how to keep healthy. Some have old sayings, some use home remedies, and
some have individual proverbs. How many of these proverbs have you heard before?
“Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy wealthy and wise.”
—Benjamin Franklin
“Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food.”
—Hippocrates
“Those who think they have no time for exercise will sooner or later have to find time for illness.”
—Edward Stanley
"He who has health has hope; and he who has hope has everything."
—Middle Eastern proverb
"Fish should swim three times: in the sea, in olive oil, and in wine."
—Croatian proverb
"A good laugh and a long sleep are the best cures in the doctor's book."
—Irish proverb
"Fresh air makes the doctor poor."
—Danish proverb
No matter where you live, there will always be some old wisdom about
health. Paying attention to the lessons they teach might help us live longer.
C | Which sentences agree with the proverbs in the text? Write A (agree) or D (disagree).
1 ____ Benjamin Franklin: Going to bed early isn’t good for you.
2 ____ Hippocrates: Eating healthy food can help you be healthy.
3 ____ Croatian proverb: Fish is a good food to eat.
4 ____ Irish proverb: If you sleep too much, you should see a doctor.
5 ____ Danish proverb: If you spend time outdoors, you won’t have to see the doctor often.
HEALTHY HABITS 131

Listening
choose normal
fail recent
final exam recommend
involved in software engineer
kilo tennis
a ______ b ______
c ______ d ______
C| Listen again. Match the questions and answers.
1 ____ What is a healthy choice for Laila? a losing weight and exercising
2 ____ What is hard for Tony? b going out every night and staying up late
3 ____ What makes Keiko feel better? c eating an apple instead of cake
4 ____ What is Nabil's habit? d taking breaks and walking in the park
132 UNIT 13

Speaking
A|
Talk about your unhealthy habits and

Talk about your healthy habits. OR
how you feel about them.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
To me, the most important I think that being fit is the best
healthy habits are the ones that way to stay healthy. Exercising
help with your mindset. So, I is one thing I do to stay fit. I
meditate every day, and I read also try to eat right. I make sure
self-help books. And I get out I eat plenty of vegetables and
into nature as much as I can. fruit every day.
My most unhealthy habit is

I drink too much soda. I know
spending too much time in
I shouldn’t, but I can’t help it.
front of the TV. I should set a
It’s like an addiction. Maybe
limit on the amount of time I
drinking more water would help
spend watching TV and start
me drink less soda.
doing more healthy activities.

more information.
Do you do anything How many hours a day

What do you mean by do you spend watching
else to stay fit?
self-help books? TV?
HEALTHY HABITS 133

Writing
Getting into better shape is a goal of mine. Walking

to work is great, but it isn’t enough exercise. I should
start taking the stairs at work too instead of the
elevator. Eating more vegetables might help me get
into better shape too. I don’t eat enough vegetables.
I love to bake, so I’m not going to give that up. But
finding healthier recipes for cakes and cookies could
help too. Getting into better shape is going to be
hard, but making simple changes, a little at a time, is
one way to start.
• What does the writer want to do?

• Why might the writer start taking the stairs at work?
• Do you have a goal for getting healthier?
B| Write about some habits you’d like to start or change in order to be healthier. Use the
information in EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
I should…
mine.
___ is a goal of stop eating fast food
.
lthfully
Eating more hea start riding my bike
to
Exercising more work.
Getting out into find out where nea
rby
nature trails are.
.
_ m ig h t help, too
__
eals
Planning m g on longer walks
y do
Taking m
in g s o m e one to go
Find
with me
134 UNIT 13

UNIT AN AMAZING
14 MOVIE
UNIT GOALS
Vocabulary Reading
Feelings and descriptions Have you seen that movie?
Making movies Listening
Conversation People giving opinions about movies
Disagreeing about a movie Speaking
Pronunciation Talking about a movie you have seen or want/
Contrastive stress don't want to see
Grammar Writing
Participial adjectives ending in -ed /-ing Writing about a movie you didn’t like
135

Vocabulary | Feelings and descriptions
amused/amusing
bored/boring
confused/confusing
depressed/depressing
disappointed/disappointing
excited/exciting
interested/interesting
shocked/shocking
surprised/surprising
tired/tiring
1 2
The movie was a comedy, but we weren’t My favorite character died at the end of the movie.
confused / confusing / amusing / amused. It was very boring / exciting / depressing /
amusing.
136 UNIT 14

3 4
We saw a very disappointed / They were bored / shocked / tired /

disappointing / excited / exciting action depressed by the surprise ending.
movie last night. We loved it.
5 6
I thought the book was really interested I didn’t understand the story. It was very
/ interesting / disappointed / confusing / interesting / exciting /
disappointing. Unfortunately, the movie amusing.
was boring.
7 8
We were all depressed / bored / surprised She loved the book, but the movie was
/ tired when the actress started to fly. No one disappointed / disappointing / excited /
saw that coming. exciting.
9 10
The movie was over four hours long! Of I work at the movie theater. It’s exciting /
course it was bored / boring / depressed / excited / tiring / tired when customers are
depressing! rude.
AN AMAZING MOVIE 137

Making movies
acting
director
soundtrack
special effects
story
E | Look at the pictures. Choose the correct word to complete each sentence.
1 2 3
The acting / directing / story We all thought the soundtrack I like the cast, but their
/ soundtrack was about a man / special effects / directing / soundtrack / special effects
who lives alone in London. acting were amazing. / acting / results was very
disappointing.
4 5
The acting / directing / special Do you think the director / acting /

effects / soundtrack is so depressing special effects / soundtrack was as
I never want to hear it again! confused as the audience was?
G| What kind of movies do you like? What kind of movies don’t you like? Tell a partner.
I love movies with great

special effects. Other types of
movies are boring to me.
138 UNIT 14

Conversation
I love action movies. They’re always exciting.
Lori But Walking into Danger is a boring movie.
Daniel I wasn’t bored at all.
Lori Well, I was disappointed by the story. It wasn’t interesting and was confusing.
Daniel OK, I was a little confused by the story, too, but I wasn’t disappointed at all.
Lori Well, I was, but I found the special effects exciting.
Daniel Exactly, and I was surprised by the number of special effects.
Lori I don’t know. It wasn’t surprising to me.
Daniel Why?
Lori The director knew the story wasn’t interesting.
Daniel Don’t be crazy. She didn’t use special effects to keep the movie exciting.
Lori Well, you’re right.
Daniel Thank you.
Lori Because the movie was not exciting at all!

1 ___ Lori is not a fan of action movies.
2 ___ Daniel and Lori were confused by the story.
3 ___ There were a lot of special effects in the movie.
4 ___ Lori and Daniel both liked the movie.

Pronunciation | Contrastive stress
A| Listen. Notice the stress in the words in bold. Then practice.
His movies are usually exciting, but this one was boring.
The movie wasn’t only tiring. It was depressing.
I was a little confused by the story, but I wasn’t disappointed.
The ending wasn’t shocking. It was confusing.
B | Find more sentences with this type of stress. Practice.


Grammar | Participial adjectives ending in -ed/-ing
The movie was long and slow. It

I was bored during the movie.
was boring.
The acting was not good. It was TIP
I was disappointed by the acting. We usually use the past participle
disappointing.
(ending in -ed) talk about how
The ending of the movie was I was surprised by the ending of the someone feels.
surprising. movie. We usually use the present
participle (ending in -ing) to
The fighting scenes were exciting. I was excited by the fighting scenes.
talk about the person, thing, or
The story was a little confusing. I was confused by the story. situation that caused the feeling.
B | Choose the correct participial adjective for each sentence.

1 Did you see that new alien movie? The special effects were amazed / amazing.
2 That new romantic comedy was so funny. I was amused / amusing.
3 I usually like him, but his acting in that new movie was disappointed / disappointing.
4 Susan said that she cried all throughout the movie. The story sounds depressed / depressing.
5 I can’t believe he dies at the end of the movie! I was surprised / surprising.
6 I haven’t watched the movie yet, but I read the book. It was really interested / interesting.
C | Look at the conversation on page 139. Underline all the participial adjectives.
D| Write the names of movies you know. Compare your list with a partner’s.
1 ___________________ was a boring movie.
I was surprised by The
2 I loved _________________. It was so exciting! Sound of Music. I didn’t
3 I was surprised by the ending in think I’d like it, but I did!
___________________.
4 ___________________ was a little disappointing to me.
5 I was surprised by ________________.

I didn’t think I’d like it, but I did!
140 UNIT 14

Reading
attention one-sided
brought to life plot
character development shaky
cool soundtrack
make sense unnecessary
Have you seen that movie?

Have you seen the new Brad Pitt movie? It is an action movie, but the plot is really interesting
and exciting. I liked it, but I thought that it had some problems. I was disappointed in the
character development. The characters were very one-sided. The main character was
Christina: extremely boring. The special effects were exciting, but I felt that some of them were
posted at 2:45 pm unnecessary. The movie would have been better with less attention to the special effects
and more attention to the character development.
It was OK. I thought the characters were pretty good. I found the plot confusing and hard to
follow. I am still not sure why they wrote it that way. I thought the book was much better. It
made more sense and was more interesting. I liked the special effects. I thought it was really
Avery: cool to see the things from the book brought to life by special effects.
posted at 2:53 pm
I can’t believe you liked that movie. I found it very disappointing. The book was much better
than the movie. The only part of the movie that I liked was the soundtrack. I don’t think I
will see any more movies by that director. There were too many special effects and shaky
Yan: camera work. It was hard to watch.
posted at 3:29 pm

1 ____ Christina thought the movie was interesting.
2 ____ Christina really liked the characters.
3 ____ Avery liked the book better.
4 ____ Yan hated the book.
5 ____ Avery liked the special effects.
6 ____ Yan thought the special effects were well done.

Listening
3-D entertaining
charming lead role
cinematic musicals
classic realism
dialogue save
embarrassed thrilling
a ______ b ______
c ______ d ______
C| Listen again. Then circle the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 Kelela thinks Gravity is an boring / exciting movie.
2 Kelela was amazed / amused by the realism of the 3-D technology.
3 Patrick thinks The Tree of Life is the most shocking / boring movie he’s ever seen.
4 Patrick and Belinda were disappointed / surprised because they like Brad Pitt.
5 Samantha thinks the ending of Casablanca is depressing / confusing.
6 Samantha was embarrassed / shocked when Trevor started to cry.
7 Imran thought the movie The Umbrellas of Cherbourg was exciting / charming.
8 Even though Imran doesn’t like musicals, he thought it was amusing / entertaining.
142 UNIT 14

Speaking
A|
Talk about a movie you (don’t) want to

Talk about a movie you have seen. Give
OR see. Give reasons why you (don’t) want to
reasons why you liked or didn’t like it.
see it.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
I recently saw Call into the

I saw the move Knife Play
Wild. It’s really more of a kids’
the other day. It’s a murder
movie, but I liked it anyway. It
mystery. It was OK, but I found
was exciting and amusing. I
it confusing. I didn’t really
liked that the dog couldn’t talk,
understand the ending, which
but you could understand its
was disappointing.
emotions anyway.
I really want to see the movie I’ve heard that Mrs. Joker is
Once Upon a Time in the good, but I still don’t want
Movies. Two of my favorite to see it because it’s about
actors are in it, and I’ve heard a woman who is struggling
it’s pretty entertaining. Plus, it’s emotionally, and I always
based on real facts. I always like find movies where the main
movies like that. character is suffering upsetting.

more information.
Where does the movie Who’s in the movie? What real facts is it
take place? based on?

Writing
I did not like the new version of the Sherlock Holmes

movie. It was disappointing because there was a lot
of action, but not enough of a plot. I was amused in
some parts of the movie, but not most of it. I thought
the soundtrack was good, but overall, it was a bit
boring and uninteresting. I would not recommend
going to see it.
• Why was the writer disappointed?

• What part of the movie did the writer like?
• Have you seen a movie recently that you didn’t like?
B| Write about a movie you didn’t like. Give reasons why you didn’t like it. Use the
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
because…
It was… there wasn’t enough
boring. action.
confusing. there were too many
depressing. unexplained parts.
nothing good happen
s.
I was…
ed.
disappoint
.
surprised
shocked.
144 UNIT 14

UNIT
15 GOOD MANNERS
UNIT GOALS
Vocabulary Reading
Travel requests The golden days of flying
Making small talk on an airplane People making polite requests
Reduction of do you/would you/could you Making polite requests to get help
Grammar Writing
Requests and offers with can, could, and would Writing to offer assistance
Will for promises and commitments
145

Vocabulary | Travel requests
bring us an extra seat

give me a receipt
give me a wake-up call
give us a few more minutes
hear tonight’s dinner specials
help me carry this to the car
lower the shade
move your seat forward
pay with a credit card
put your bag in the overhead compartment
1 2
Could you please move your seat forward / Waiter, would you please bring us an extra
inside / outside / around a little? credit card / shade / seat?
3 4
Would you like me to lower the compartment Can I store your bag in the overhead seat /
/ receipt / shade / seat during the movie? special / compartment?
146 UNIT 15

5 6
We’re not quite ready. Could you please take Can you please help me lift / go / carry /
/ leave / have / give us a few more minutes. share this to the car?
7 8
If it’s not too much trouble, could you give me Would you like to hear tonight’s dinner calls /
a wake-up call / receipt / special / credit cards / seats / specials?
card at 7:00 tomorrow morning?
9 10
Would it be possible for me to pay with Could you please give me a receipt / special
a receipt / credit card / special / / wake-up call / recipe?
compartment?
D| Describe one of the items in A. Your partner will guess which one it is.
We’re having lunch at a café and one

of my old classmates just arrived. I
haven’t seen him in years! I want to
invite him to sit down with us.
You want someone to

bring you an extra seat.
GOOD MANNERS 147

Conversation
Excuse me. If it’s not too much trouble,
Mrs. Baca could you please help me?
Ben Sure. I’ll be glad to help.
Mrs. Baca Thank you, young man.
Ben You’re welcome. What would you like me to do?
Mrs. Baca If you wouldn’t mind, could you please put my bag under the seat in front of you?
Ben Absolutely. That will be no problem.
Mrs. Baca You’re very nice. My name is Mrs. Baca.
Ben I’m Ben. Would you like me to lower the shade?
Mrs. Baca No, thank you. That won’t be necessary.
Ben Well, if you decide to sleep, you can tell me to lower the shade.
Mrs. Baca Thank you, Ben, but I don’t sleep on airplanes.
Ben I love to sleep during flights.
Ben puts a pillow under his head and covers up with a blanket. As he closes his eyes, Mrs. Baca speaks.
Mrs. Baca Ben, if it’s not too much to ask, would you hand me that magazine?
Ben No problem.
Mrs. Baca And Ben, as long as you’re awake, would you like to hear about my family?

1 ____ Ben helps Mrs. Baca with her bag.
2 ____ Ben doesn’t lower the shade.
3 ____ Mrs. Baca always sleeps on planes.
4 ____ Mrs. Baca wants to talk and Ben wants to read a magazine.
148 UNIT 15

Pronunciation | Reduction of do you/would you/could you
A| Listen. Notice the reduced sounds in the phrases in bold. Then practice.
Do you want me to help you?
Would you like me to lower the shade?
What would you like me to do?
Where would you like to go next?
Could you please help me?
B | Find more questions with these reduced sounds. Practice.
Grammar | Requests and offers with can, could, and would

Can/Could/Would you please move your seat forward?

Could you do me a favor?
If you don’t mind, can you lower the shade?
If you wouldn’t mind, could you please bring us an extra seat?
If it’s not too much trouble, would you please close the window?
Would you like me to give you a wake-up call?
Do you want me to carry your bags?
B | Match the sentences with the correct request or offer.
1 ___ I don’t have much legroom. a Could I use a credit card?
2 ___ The sun is very bright. b Could you move your seat forward?
3 ___ The TV is a little loud. c Do you want me to fix it for you?
4 ___ Your bags look heavy. d Would you like me to carry them?
5 ___ The lock on my suitcase is broken. e If you don’t mind, could you lower the volume?
6 ___ I don’t have cash. f Would you please lower the shade?
GOOD MANNERS 149

Will for promises and commitments
Could you give us a few more minutes? Sure. I’ll be back.

No problem. I’ll bring you
Would you bring us an extra seat?
another chair right away.
If you don’t mind, can you help me carry
Absolutely. I’ll be glad to help.
this to my car?
Can I get the check, please? Sure. I’ll be right back with it. TIP
I will → I'll
Could you give me a wake-up call Absolutely. We’ll give you a We will → We'll
tomorrow morning at 7:00? call tomorrow.
D | Match the request with the correct response.

1 ___ Could you show me where the train a Absolutely. I’ll be back with some newspapers.
station is?
2 ___ If you don’t mind, would you help me b No problem. I’ll take it up to your room.
with my bag?
3 ___ Could I please have some water? c Absolutely. I’ll be glad to help.
4 ___ Would you bring me something to d Sure. I’ll take you there.
read?
5 ___ The TV in my room isn’t working. e Sure. I’ll send someone up to your room right away.
Can you take a look at it?
6 ___ If you wouldn’t mind, could you help f Sure. I’ll bring you a bottle.
me fill out this form?
E| Make up requests and offers using the prompts below. Role-play with a partner.
• Would you please…?
• Could you…? Could you get me some

coffee? I think I'll be here
• If you don’t mind, can you…? for a while....
• If you wouldn’t mind, could you…?
• If it’s not too much trouble, would you please…?
• Would you like me to…?
• Do you want me to…?
150 UNIT 15

Reading
affordable luxury
charge fees ordinary
check-in point
contribute result
crowded security line
dress up silverware
glamorous smoothly
global economy stretch your legs
The golden days of flying

When people travel nowadays, they usually don’t expect the airport and their flight to be a glamorous experience.
Travelers just want to get from point A to point B. Even when everything goes smoothly, flying is no longer the
exciting experience it used to be in the 1950s or ’60s.
Instead, it has become a much more ordinary thing to do. Ticket prices are more affordable, and there are many
more flights to choose from. The development of a global economy and the rise of tourism both contribute to one
result: more people travel more often.
This means that airports are often crowded, and check-in and security lines can be very long and slow. Planes are
usually full. Most airlines charge fees for checking in luggage, choosing seats, and for meals.
In the old days, air travel was a luxury and passengers were given free meals
served on real plates with silverware, many suitcases could be checked in for
free, and there was enough room between seats to stretch your legs. Travelers
also would dress up more and were more likely to talk to each other during
flights. However, tickets back then also cost a lot more than they do now. And
that means more of us can travel and enjoy the world, not to mention watch
movies and go online during flights!

1 ____ When you fly today, you are served meals on real plates.
2 ____ There is more space between seats now than there was many years ago.
3 ____ Today, people dress up and feel glamorous when they fly.
4 ____ Many more people travel now than 50 or 60 years ago.
5 ____ In the old days, checking in baggage was usually free.
6 ____ Plane tickets used to be more expensive, but they included more free things.
GOOD MANNERS 151

Listening
blocks intersection
eggplant lasagna today’s special
grilled salmon vegetarian
B| Listen. Write the number of the conversation next to the correct picture. One is

not used.
a ______ b ______ c ______ d ______
C| Listen again. Then read the questions. Choose the correct answers.
1 What does the customer ask the waitress? 4 How does the flight attendant respond?
a Can you help me with my seat belt, please? a I’ll show you on the map.
b Could you tell me how to get to Market b I’ll be back in a few minutes.
Street, please? c I’ll be there in a second.
c Could you recommend a vegetarian dish, 5 What does the driver ask the woman?
please?
a Can you please help me?
2 How does the waitress respond?
b Could you recommend a vegetarian dish,
a Of course. please?
b Absolutely. c Would you show me on the map, please?
c No problem. 6 How does the woman respond?
3 What does the little boy ask the flight a I’ll be back in a few minutes.
attendant?
b I’ll order the lasagna and the salmon.
a Can you tell us today’s special, please?
c I’ll be glad to help.
b Could I also have a glass of water, please?
c Would you help me with my seat belt,
please?
152 UNIT 15

Speaking
A|
You have misplaced your cell phone, and

You need to move something that’s too
you need it to look something up (or find
heavy for you lift. What polite request do OR out what time it is). What polite request
you make?
do you make?
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
Can you please help? I need

Excuse me, could you help me
to move my living room couch,
move this box? It’s too heavy
and I can’t do it alone. I have a
for me to lift by myself.
bad back.
Excuse me. If you wouldn’t

mind, could you please look up
I’m sorry to bother you. Could
the directions to the nearest
you please tell me the time?
post office for me? I need to
mail a letter.
B| Respond to your partner’s request.
Let me see. Looks like

Sure. What’s in the box OK. Where do you need
the nearest one is just 3
that’s so heavy? to move it to?
blocks away.
GOOD MANNERS 153

Writing
Hi Janice!
I understand you have family coming into town. I’m available to
help you with transportation. If you’d like to stay home to prepare
for their visit, I could pick them up at the airport. On Sunday, if you
need me to drop them off at the airport, I could do that, too. Will
you be eating at home? If so, feel free to use my barbecue grill. I can
drop it off for you. Just let me know how I can help and I will!
Terri
• Why is Terri offering to help?

• What does Terri offer to do?
• Do you know someone who could use some help with something? How could you help?
B| Imagine a friend needs help with one of the tasks below. Write a note about what you
will do to help. Use the information in EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you.
• Packing for a move • Cooking when you are ill

• Studying for a test • Getting to the airport
I understand
• Shopping for a special • Hosting a party you…
have a big te
occasion st coming up.
need to do so
me shopping
EXPRESS YOURSELF! for the gradu
ation party.
might need a
ride to the
airport.
I could…
ou.
go with y ide.
ar
give you
r and
come ove t ready..
ge
help you
ny time.
f r e e t o ___ a
Feel
t
reach ou
call
text
154 UNIT 15

REVIEW, ASSESS,
CONNECT & EXTEND
RE VIE W, ASSE S S, C ON N EC T & E X TEN D UNIT S 11–15

Vocabulary | Match the parts to make the correct words. Then complete the conversation.
able con ctor dire drop ed esting exc fri fru
fused ght inter ited its ked loo ped veget wei
dropped
A Sorry I’m so late! I 1__________________ my sister off at the mall and then I ran over here.
B Don’t worry. We have 10 minutes. Have you seen any other movies by this 2__________________?
A No, I haven’t. I’m 3_____________________ to see this one. I 4_____________________ it up online
and it looks 5_____________________.
B I think so too. Hey—do you want to get some dinner after this? There’s a new chicken place…
A Oh, no. Eating 6__________________ food is so bad for you. I only eat 7__________________ and
vegetables now. I’ve already lost some 8_____________________.
B That’s great! But I’m a little 9________________. Why did you buy popcorn? That’s not very healthy.
A Popcorn is a 10_____________________, isn’t it?

1 We must to buy our tickets online.
________________________________________________________________________________
2 You don’t have finish your report tonight.
________________________________________________________________________________
3 I need to call back him before noon.
________________________________________________________________________________
4 You should off take your shoes here.
________________________________________________________________________________
5 Reduce stress isn’t easy for me.
________________________________________________________________________________
6 I don’t like sports, but I enjoy go to the gym.
________________________________________________________________________________
7 The acting in that movie was disappointed.
________________________________________________________________________________
8 If you not mind, could you help me with my bag?
________________________________________________________________________________
9 Do you want me drop you off at home?
________________________________________________________________________________
10 No problem. I’m be back in a minute.
________________________________________________________________________________
Vocabulary Grammar
RACE 155

REVIEW, ASSESS,
CONNECT & EXTEND
Change your friend's mind

A|W
ork with a partner. Choose one of the situations. Role-play a dialogue.
1 2
Your friend wants to stay home and watch You and your friend just watched a movie.
TV this Saturday, but you want him/her to Your friend loved it, but you hated it. Talk
go hiking with you. Change your friend’s about the movie.
mind.
3 4
Your friend is planning a trip to Paris. Give Your friend is feeling very stressed at work.
your friend advice to help him/her prepare. Give your friend advice about reducing his/
her stress.
B|W
ork with a different partner. Role-play one of the other situations.
Try it out
ell a classmate what you thought
T our co-worker needs to set up for
Y
about an article you both read for one a meeting tomorrow. Email and offer
of your classes. help.
The article was a little

confusing. I was surprised
by the story. Were you?
I’ll help you set up for
your meeting tomorrow.
I’ll go to the convenience
store and pick up some
snacks, and I’ll help you
set up the chairs.
156 RACE

UNIT
16 FAVORITE PLACES
UNIT GOALS
Vocabulary Reading
Describing favorite places Dangerous vacations
Talking about favorite places People describing a favorite place to visit
Reduction of /t/ Talking about a place you or others like to visit
Grammar Writing
Review of comparative and superlative adjectives Writing about a place you do not like visiting
Comparatives with as + adjective + as
157

Vocabulary | Describing favorite places
convenient
dry
fresh
humid
polluted
populated
quiet
relaxing
touristy
traditional
1 2
The beach is much more fresh / polluted / This market sells the most populated /
populated / relaxing than the city. freshest / driest / most humid food in town.
3 4
The rain forest is the most humid / dry / Our second hotel was more fresh / dry /
populated / convenient place I’ve visited. convenient / quiet because it was close to
downtown.
158 UNIT 16

5 6
This island is not as fresh / convenient / These are the most traditional / polluted /
fresh / touristy as some parts of Greece. dry / fresh houses we saw in Holland.
7 8
The air is more populated / relaxing / This island is much more traditional /
convenient / polluted here than at home. populated / humid / relaxing than some,
but not with people!
9 10
The Atacama Desert is the most humid / When we go to New York City, I’d like to stay
most populated / driest / most touristy somewhere more humid / drier / quieter /
place on Earth. fresher than Times Square.
D| Describe places or things you know using the adjectives in A. Tell a partner.
Times Square is very The pastries at my local

touristy. Most people come bakery are really fresh. They
here when they visit New make them every morning.
York City.
FAVORITE PLACES 159

Conversation
Tonya This market has the best fruits and vegetables.
Darrel It always has the freshest food. Just like the markets in France.
Tonya I was in a market in Paris last year. I didn’t like it. It was too touristy.
Darrel Of course. Paris is probably the most touristy city in the world.
Tonya That’s for sure.
Darrel But the gardens aren’t as crowded as the markets and museums.
Tonya I love the gardens in Paris. They’re more relaxing. The markets and museums are more stressful.
Darrel Paris is one of the biggest cities. And big cities are the least relaxing places around.
Tonya I know, but Paris is special. It’s the most romantic city in the world.
Darrel To me, it’s the most exciting. It has the loudest dance clubs.
Tonya I prefer to have a great coffee and read a good book in a quiet café.
Darrel That’s my least favorite thing to do in Paris!
Tonya Why? Is it too boring for you?
Darrel Sidewalk cafés are too crowded.
Tonya They’re not as crowded as dance clubs.
Darrel You’re right, but a crowded dance club is not as stressful as a crowded café!
B | Choose the correct answer.

1 Why didn’t Tonya like one of the markets in Paris?
a too loud b too expensive c too touristy
2 Where does Darrel like to go in Paris?
a the parks b the cafés c the dance clubs
3 Where does Tonya like to read in Paris?
a the cafés b the gardens c the museums
160 UNIT 16

Pronunciation | Reduction of /t/
A| Listen. Notice the reduced sound of the letters in bold. Then practice.
Tokyo has the most convenient subway in the world. This is the most traditional hotel in the city.
New Zealand is the least populated country in the world. This is the least relaxing trip I’ve ever been on.
B | Find more sentences with reduced /t/ sounds. Practice.
Grammar | Review of comparative and superlative adjectives

New York City is busier than Boston.

Singapore is one of the cleanest countries I’ve visited.
The subway is more convenient than the bus.
This is the most traditional hotel in the city.
Mexico City is less humid than Acapulco.
New Zealand is the least populated country in the world.
1 2 3
San Francisco is ___ in the Taking the subway in Tokyo is ___ Italian food is ___ food I’ve eaten.
summer than New York City. way to get around. a better
a cooler a more convenient b the goodest
b more cooler b the most convenient c the best
c coolest c less convenient
4 5 6
Staying at a youth hostel is ___ I want to visit one of ___ islands in Going to museums is ___ for me
than staying at a hotel. Thailand. than going shopping.
a less expensive a less common a more interesting
b lesser expensive b the least common b most interesting
c least expensive c the least commoner c interestinger
FAVORITE PLACES 161

Comparatives with as + adjective + as
Kyoto is as humid as Bangkok in the summer.

Tokyo is as urban as New York City.
The seafood here isn’t as fresh as the seafood at the other restaurant.
For me, Oregon isn’t as interesting as California.
Living in the suburbs isn’t as convenient as living in the city.
D | Complete the sentences. Use as…as with the adjectives in parentheses.

1 Seattle is _________________________________ (not/polluted) Los Angeles.
2 Living in Hong Kong is _________________________________ (expensive) living in New York City.
3 Living in the city is _________________________________ (not/peaceful) living in the countryside.
4 Driving in New York City is _________________________________ (not/convenient) taking public
transportation.
5 Being in the mountains is _________________________________ (relaxing) being by the ocean.
6 San Francisco is _________________________________ (not/humid) New York City in the summer.
E | Look at the conversation on page 160. Underline all the examples of comparative and
superlative adjectives.
F| Make up sentences of your own using comparatives and superlatives. Tell a partner.
1 ________________________________ is as
_________________ as _________________ .
The seafood here is the
2 _____________________________ is not as freshest in the city.
_________________ as _________________ .
3 _________________ is _________________
than ________________________________ .
4 __________________________ is the (most)
____________________________________ .
5 _________________ is less ______________
than ________________________________ .
6 ___________________________ is the least
____________________________________ .
162 UNIT 16

Reading
crater permission
curious radiation
documents snake
injured sunbathe
nuclear disaster unofficial
paradise venomous
path volcano
Dangerous vacations
Hawaii may seem like a paradise to a lot of tourists, but Hawaii Volcanoes National
Park is one of the most dangerous, too. Several tourists have been injured trying to
get a closer look at volcanoes here. In 2019, one man fell 70 feet into the crater of a
volcano. Luckily he survived.
There is a little island near Brazil called
the Ilha De Queimada Grande. This island’s
unofficial name is "Snake Island" because it has a lot of different snakes. The
scary thing is that all of the snakes are venomous. It takes a lot of documents
to get permission to go to this island.
Chernobyl, Russia, saw the world’s worst nuclear disaster in history in 1986. That
might not seem like the greatest place for a vacation. Chernobyl has recently
become a more popular spot for curious visitors. You can tour areas with smaller
amounts of radiation, but tourists are still warned not to eat or drink outdoors, or to
let their skin touch the ground.
If you want more of a beach vacation, then you might try the French-run island
of Saint Barthelemy. You can sunbathe on a beach that is directly in the path
of the planes going to and from the island. It’s a little dangerous, but then you
will be able to say that you did it!

1 ____ Hawaii is dangerous because there are lots of snakes.
2 ____ None of the snakes on "Snake Island" are venomous.
3 ____ Chernobyl doesn’t have any radioactive areas now.
4 ____ You can sunbathe while a plane flies over you on Saint Barthelemy.
FAVORITE PLACES 163

Listening
air desert
ancient fishermen
attractive get around
clean history
crowds law student
a ______ b ______
c ______ d ______
C| Listen again. Then match the questions and answers.
1 _
__ Why does Dante like to visit London? a Some buildings are more than 1,000 years old.
2 _
__ Why does Nadezhda like to visit Paris in the b The desert is quieter and more relaxing than the
winter? cities.
3 ___ Why does Jeff like to visit Essaouira? c It’s older and more traditional than Miami.
4 _
__ Why is Istanbul Barbara’s favorite place to d The flights are cheaper and there are fewer
visit? tourists at the Eiffel Tower.
164 UNIT 16

Speaking
A|
Talk about a place a friend or family

Talk about a place you like to visit. OR
member likes to visit.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
My favorite place to visit is a The St. Louis Art Museum is my

park in Austin, Texas called favorite place to visit. There are
Zilker Park. There is a creek always interesting new exhibits.
for swimming and trails where And on Sunday mornings, you
you can hike. You can also rent can go for brunch and listen to
canoes and kayaks. live chamber music.
My father’s favorite city is

My cousin Vincent loves to
New York. He always stays at
go to Guadeloupe. Our other
the same hotel—the Waldorf
cousin Pascal lives there, so he
Astoria—and goes to see at
stays with him. They go hiking
least one play on Broadway.
and to the beach together
When he’s there, he goes to a
every day.
different restaurant every day.

more information.
What else can you do What do they serve for Why does your cousin
there? brunch? Pascal live there?
FAVORITE PLACES 165

Writing
I expected the new restaurant, Lillie’s, to have the best barbecued

ribs in town. However, I found them to be the driest and saltiest
I have ever had. And even though they claim to have the best
barbecue sauce in town, it is my least favorite! The place was
also noisy and crowded. And the service was not as good as in
many other restaurants around, even though it is one of the most
expensive places to eat.
• Why didn’t the writer like the barbecued ribs?

• Why was the writer surprised by the poor service?
• What is a place you’ve been to that you found disappointing? Why?
B| Write about a place that you visited and disliked. Explain why you disliked it. Use the
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
They claim …
to have the best vi
ews.
the pool is clean.
d…
I expecte be bigger
. to serve big portions
.
r o o m t o
the o be nicer.
e a c h t
the b
to be
the food
tastier.
However, …
w!
there was no vie
ed!
it was overcrowd
the portions were
small!
166 UNIT 16

UNIT
17 FOOD CHOICES
UNIT GOALS
Vocabulary Reading
Food and diet A world of diets
Discussing diet People talking about their diet
R-controlled vowels Talking about your or another person's diet
Grammar Writing
More/less/fewer, too much/many, not much/many, Writing about typical food in your country
(not) enough + noun
167

Vocabulary | Food and diet
caffeine
calories
chili peppers
desserts
fat
garlic
gluten-free
olive oil
protein
raw
1 2
Fish is great if you want to get more calories / Plain yogurt has fewer gluten-free / olive oil
protein / chili peppers in your diet. / calories than ice cream.
168 UNIT 17

3 4
My sister can only eat protein / dessert / I know I should eat more calories / raw /
gluten-free bread. garlic vegetables and less chocolate.
5 6
My wife says there’s no such thing as too Do you like spicy food? Just add more olive
much garlic / protein / caffeine. oil / fat / chili peppers!
7 8
I guess I should eat fewer vegetables / Coffee usually has more gluten-free /
desserts / fat, but they're so tasty! protein / caffeine than tea.
FOOD CHOICES 169

9 10
Do we have enough olive oil / caffeine / There’s not very much fat / raw / chili
protein to make pasta for dinner? peppers in most vegetables, but salad
dressings can have a lot.
D| Which of the items in A are part of your regular diet? Which do you try to avoid?

Take turns talking with a partner.
I eat cheese every day. I know

I love to eat chili peppers. I it has a lot of fat, but it has
put them in everything. protein, too!
170 UNIT 17

Conversation
Daniel Mia, I started a new diet.
Mia Why?
Daniel I have to fit into my old suit for John and Carol’s wedding next month.
Mia Oh, I can help you with your diet.
Daniel Good. I eat too much fried food and not enough vegetables.
Mia OK. What are you going to order for lunch?
Daniel This salad looks good.
That’s a great choice. We all need to eat more raw

Mia vegetables. Just don’t put any salad dressing on it.
Daniel But I can’t eat raw vegetables without salad dressing.
Mia Daniel, salad dressing has too many calories.
Daniel I do not like the word calorie. What are you having?
Mia I need more protein than just a salad. So I’m going to have a hamburger.
That sounds good. I’m going to have a hamburger, too.

Daniel With cheese, mushrooms, and mayonnaise.
Mia Daniel, you have to eat fewer calories than that. Just have the salad.
Daniel And for dessert I’m going to have a big piece of chocolate cake.
Whoa! That’s too much food. You’re never going to fit
Mia into your old suit if you don’t eat fewer calories.
Daniel You’re right. But I will be able to fit into a new suit!

1 ____ Daniel is going to a wedding. 3 ____ Mia needs to eat less protein for lunch.
2 ____ Daniel needs to eat less raw vegetables. 4 ____ Daniel is going to have dessert.
Pronunciation | R-controlled vowels
A| Listen. Notice the sounds of the letters in bold. Then practice.
more fewer dessert garlic order burger
B | Find more words with these types of sounds. Practice.

FOOD CHOICES 171

Grammar | More/less/fewer, too much/many, not much/many, (not) enough + noun
You should use more olive oil in your cooking.

I try and eat foods that have less fat.
The salad has fewer calories than the sandwich.
I try not to eat too much sugar. TIP
Use fewer with count nouns.
I probably eat too much fried food and not enough vegetables.
Use less with noncount nouns.
I don’t drink much alcohol. Use too/not many with count nouns.
Use too/not much with noncount nouns.
Do you get enough protein in your diet?
B | Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.

1 If you want to lose weight, you have to eat less / fewer fat.
2 There are too much / many calories in French fries.
3 You have to drink more / many water throughout the day.
4 These days, not much / many people cook at home. It’s easier to order from a delivery service.
5 I don’t eat much / many sugar.
6 Fruit smoothies have less / fewer calories than a burger and fries.
7 Don’t put too much / many dressing on my salad!
C| Make up sentences of your own. Tell a partner.

1 If you want to lose weight, you should eat less
______________________________________ .
Donuts have more
2 If you want to be healthy, you should eat fewer calories than apples.
______________________________________ .
3 I try not to eat too many
______________________________________ .
4 There’s probably too much
_____________________________ in my diet.
5 _____________________________ have more
calories than ____________________________.
172 UNIT 17

Reading
cancer jasmine tea refined sugar
carbohydrates lean seaweed
cavemen lower cholesterol squid
cut back on octopus tofu
dairy prevent turmeric
grapefruit processed food whole grains
A world of diets
There are so many different diets out there. It is hard to know which one is the right one to choose.
Okinawa diet
Many people believe that the people in the Japanese Okinawa islands live longer
because of their diet. They eat a lot of fish, lots of whole grains, vegetables, and
lots of tofu and seaweed. They eat squid and octopus, which contain taurine.
Taurine can help lower cholesterol. They drink
jasmine tea and use turmeric as a spice, both
of which can help prevent cancer.
Paleo diet
This diet suggests that we go back to eating like cavemen. This diet allows
people to eat a lot of lean meats and fish, fruits, vegetables, and healthier fats.
You can’t have any processed food. You can’t really eat any grains, refined sugar,
potatoes, salt, or dairy.
Grapefruit diet
This diet has been around for a very long time. You shouldn’t stay on this diet for
more than 12 days at a time. You can lose some weight quickly. This diet cuts back
on sugar and carbohydrates. This diet allows you to eat lots of protein, fruits, and
vegetables. Most versions of this diet suggest you eat at least one grapefruit a day
or as many as one grapefruit per meal.
C | Read the sentences. Choose the correct diet.

1 The Okinawa / Paleo / Grapefruit diet can help lower cholesterol.
2 People can lose weight very quickly on the Okinawa / Paleo / Grapefruit diet.
3 The Okinawa / Paleo / Grapefruit diet suggests that we should eat like cavemen.
4 The Okinawa / Paleo / Grapefruit diet contains seaweed and tofu.
5 On the Okinawa / Paleo / Grapefruit diet, you can’t eat dairy.
6 You shouldn’t stay on the Okinawa / Paleo / Grapefruit diet for very long.
FOOD CHOICES 173

Listening
broccoli monounsaturated fat
burn calories overweight
cuisine pasta
deep-fried pastry chef
fattening pounds
golden rule saturated fat
health benefits spinach
homeland steamed
kale vegetarian
a ______ b ______ c ______ d ______
C| Listen again. Match the questions and answers.

1 People always ask Dusan, “How do you get enough / much protein in your diet?”
2 According to Dusan, broccoli has more calories / protein than steak.
3 Mei-Xing says that people think Chinese cuisine is more / less fattening than the cuisines of other
cultures.
4 Mei-Xing’s family doesn’t eat raw / deep-fried food at home.
5 Russell’s golden rule is to eat more / less and exercise more.
6 Russell ate fewer fatty / protein meals such as pizza, hamburgers, and French fries.
7 Daniela explains that olive oil has more monounsaturated (good) fat and not many / less saturated
(bad) fat.
8 Daniela points out that garlic has many calories / health benefits.
174 UNIT 17

Speaking
A|
Talk about the diet of a friend or family

Talk about your diet. OR member.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
I’m busy, so I go out to eat a

I don’t really like to cook, but I
lot. I don’t always make the
make sure I have a lot of healthy
healthiest choices when I order.
food on hand so I eat right. I eat
I should start cooking more, or
a lot of fruit, but I probably don’t
at least ordering healthier food
eat enough vegetables.
when I go out.
My mom recently learned that My friend Darren is so lazy that

she has high cholesterol. So, he doesn’t cook or even go
she’s trying to eat more healthy out to eat. He usually just eats
fats now, like avocados and snacks like chips and orders
fewer carbohydrates—in other takeout a lot. His diet is not
words, less bread and pasta! very healthy.

more information.
What other healthy What do you usually

foods do you keep on order? Is Darren overweight?
hand?
FOOD CHOICES 175

Writing
A typical dish from the United States is macaroni and

cheese. Most families make it, and everyone seems to
have their own “special” recipe. The main ingredients in
macaroni and cheese are macaroni noodles, cheese, milk,
and butter. Some people only make it on the stovetop,
while others finish it off in the oven. A lot of people who
bake it put some sort of crunchy topping on it, like broken
up crackers or potato chips. Some people add other
ingredients to it too, like bacon, tuna, or peas. Macaroni
and cheese is my favorite American dish! I like to eat it
with spinach as a side dish.
• What are the main ingredients in macaroni and cheese?

• What do some people add to it?
• What’s a typical dish from your region or country?
B| Write about typical food or a common dish from your country. Use the information in

EXPRESS YOURSELF!
Some people add …
ients are … hot peppers.
The main ingred sausage.
chicken and… other spices, like _
beef and… __.
beans and…
ith …
I like to eat it w
hot sauce.
bread.
chopped onions.
176 UNIT 17

UNIT MY GRANDFATHER
18 ALWAYS SAYS...
UNIT GOALS
Vocabulary Reading
Common proverbs There’s an old saying…
Talking about not making quick judgments People talking about proverbs
Pronouncing ask, asks, asked Talking about sayings, advice, and proverbs
Grammar Writing
Direct speech Writing about a quote and whether you agree
with it
177

Vocabulary | Common proverbs
basket medicine
blood perfect
catch plenty
cover spice
fiction spots
habit truth
judge variety
laughter worm
leopard worth
B | Look at the pictures. Choose the correct answer to complete each proverb.
1 2
Old ___ die hard. Don’t judge a book by its ___.

a worms a cover
b habits b fiction
c spots c worth
178 UNIT 18

3 4
Practice makes ___. Truth is stranger than ___.

a catch a cover
b laughter b fiction
c perfect c leopard
5 6
___ is the spice of life. ___ is thicker than water.

a Variety a Fiction
b Medicine b Medicine
c Truth c Blood
7 8
There are ___ of fish in the sea. ___ is the best medicine.
a spots a Laughter
b plenty b Blood
c spice c Basket
MY GRANDFATHER ALWAYS SAYS... 179

9 10
The early bird catches the ___. A picture is ___ a thousand words.
a blood a plenty
b variety b judging
c worm c worth
11 12
A leopard can’t change its ___. Don’t put all your eggs in one ___.
a spots a plenty
b cover b basket
c laughter c cover
D| What do the proverbs in B mean? Choose 2–3 and tell a partner.
“Don’t judge a book by its

cover” means, “you shouldn’t
judge people or things by how
they look.”
180 UNIT 18

Conversation
Gopan I met a new girl at work yesterday, and she’s really beautiful.
Sierra You’re usually more excited when you talk about a beautiful girl.
Gopan I wanted to ask her out.
Sierra What happened?
Gopan We were in the break room, and she asked me, “How does this coffee machine work?”
Sierra Oh, this is going to be a good story.
Gopan I told her, “You just push the red button.”
Sierra What happened next?
Gopan Then she said, “But the button should be green, not red.” I just can’t ask her out now!
Sierra I don’t understand. What’s the problem, Gopan?
We said three things to each other. Three things! And she was
Gopan already pointing out a problem. She seems really negative.
Sierra My grandmother always told me, “Don’t judge a book by its cover.”
Gopan I don’t understand.
You said, “We said three things to each other.” You’re judging her without
Sierra even knowing her. You need more time to learn who she really is.
So I should follow your grandmother’s advice
Gopan when she said, “Don’t judge a book by its cover.”
Sierra Exactly. In fact, you and I are friends today because I followed her advice.
Gopan Very funny!
B | Choose the correct answer.

1 Who did Gopan talk to in the break room?
a his boss b Sierra c a new co-worker
2 What did they talk about?
a sports b the coffee machine c the weather
3 Who gave Sierra some good advice?
a her grandmother b her father c her mother
4 Who is Gopan judging?
a Sierra b his boss c his new co-worker

Pronunciation | Pronouncing ask, asks, asked
A| Listen. Notice the pronunciation of the words in bold. Then practice.
We ask the teacher a lot of questions.

Every morning he asks, “How are you?”
I asked her, “Are you OK?”
B | Find more sentences with these words. Practice.

Grammar | Direct speech
He said, “Blood is thicker than water.”

She asked me, “What does that mean?”
It means, “Family relationships are the strongest and most important ones.”
She says, “Old habits die hard.”
He asks me, “What does that mean?”
It means, “It’s difficult to change old habits.”
B | Rewrite each sentence with direct speech.

1 My grandfather says the grass is always greener on the other side of the fence.
_______________________________________________________________________________
2 I asked him what does that mean?
_______________________________________________________________________________
3 He said people are never happy with what they have.
_______________________________________________________________________________
4 My teacher said practice makes perfect.
_______________________________________________________________________________
5 It means you have to practice a lot to learn how to do something well.
_______________________________________________________________________________
C| What do these proverbs “Money talks” means, “if you

mean? Do you agree with them? have money, you have power.” I
Tell a partner. don’t really agree with that.
1 The best things in life are free.
2 Actions speak louder than words.
3 Don’t bite off more than you can chew.
4 Honesty is the best policy.
5 Money talks.
182 UNIT 18

Reading
banquet human
basically remove
culture saying
death score
donkey similar
essentially stones
goal universal themes
gossip witness
There’s an old saying…

Every culture has proverbs. Proverbs tell life lessons in the form of a phrase. Sometimes
proverbs in different cultures have very similar meanings. For example, there is a
Chinese proverb, “There is no never-ending banquet under the sun.” It means essentially
the same thing as the English proverb, “All good things must come to an end.”
Many proverbs talk about universal themes in the human experience, such as friendship or work.
Friendship Work
“One old friend is much better than two new ones.” “The man who removes a mountain begins by carrying
—Russian proverb away small stones.” —Chinese proverb
“Life without a friend is death without a witness.” “Many hands make light work.”
—Spanish proverb —Tanzanian proverb
Many proverbs contain advice to inspire us:
“Fall down seven times, get up eight.” “Before you score, you must have a goal.”
—Japanese proverb —Greek proverb
Others contain warnings about things we should avoid:
“If you go to a donkey’s house, don’t talk about ears.” “Whoever gossips to you will gossip about you.”
—Jamaican proverb —Spanish proverb
Proverbs don’t only teach us great lessons about life. They also show us that we are all basically the same.
C | Choose the correct meaning for each proverb.

1 Many hands make light work.
a Working with others makes a job easier. b It’s easier to work with your hands.
2 Fall down seven times, get up eight.
a If you fail many times, you have to keep trying. b If you fail, try doing something different.
3 Whoever gossips to you will gossip about you.
a If you are popular, people will gossip about you. b You can’t trust a person who gossips.

Listening
achieve mind
depressed mistake
diabetes orchestra
exist plant
fail pocket
faraway science
garden secret
hero unwell
math violin
a ______ b ______
c ______ d ______
1 ___ A book is like a garden carried in the pocket.
2 ___ When I’m sad, she makes me laugh.
3 ___ Laughter is the best medicine.
4 ___ We all fail sometimes.
5 ___ A person who never made a mistake never tried anything new.
6 ___ Start from the beginning.
7 ___ My grandmother taught me how to read.
8 ___ Practice makes perfect.
184 UNIT 18

Speaking
A|
Talk about something that a family

member, teacher, colleague, or friend Talk about a proverb that you think is
OR
has said to you that you think is useful in useful in everyday life.
everyday life.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
My boss once gave me very

good advice about prioritizing My mom used to say, “You
tasks. She said, “First do the don’t wait to be happy, you
things that will keep all the choose to be happy.”
plates spinning.”
One proverb that I think is “Don’t put all your eggs in one
useful is “A stitch in time saves basket” is a proverb that I think
nine.” In other words, it’s only is helpful advice. It means, “you
going to get worse if you wait should always make sure you
to fix it. have more than one option."

more information.
Do you follow her Do you know any other

What did she mean by advice? proverbs that mean the
that?
same thing?

Writing
I agree with Anaïs Nin’s words, “Life shrinks or expands in proportion

to one’s courage.” This means that you can expand your life through
new experiences that may take courage to undertake. Sometimes,
the best experiences are the ones that make you nervous and that
require some courage. Once you actually do something new and
go through the experience, you feel wonderful. Those memories
become some of the most significant. Choosing to do things that are
more challenging can be more rewarding..
• Does the writer think you should do some things that make you nervous? Why?
• What memories does the writer think can be most significant?
• Do you know any famous quotes that you either agree or disagree with?
B| Choose one of the quotes and write about its meaning. State if you agree or disagree,

and explain your opinion. Use the information in EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you.
“Most folks are about as happy as they make their minds up to be.” —Abraham Lincoln
“A champion is afraid of losing. Everyone else is afraid of winning.” —Billie Jean King
“Not all those who wander are lost.” —J.R.R. Tolkien
“Once a year, go someplace you’ve never been before.” —The Dalai Lama
“In every walk with nature, one receives far more than he seeks.” —John Muir
“If you change the way you look at things, the things you look at change.” —Wayne Dyer
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
ith/abo ut it. This means …

I ___ w You should follow yo
ur
agree dreams.
disagree nature has a lot to
re offer.
am not su It’s all about the w
ay you
look at things.
vice can
Following this ad
help you…
be successful.
e.
lead a happier lif
tter.
accept things be
186 UNIT 18

UNIT EVERYDAY
19 TECHNOLOGY
UNIT GOALS
Vocabulary Reading
Technology use Technology that changed the world
Comparing use of cell phones and social media People talking about using technology
Letter combinations ci and ti as /ʃ/ Talking about using technology
Grammar Writing
Compounds with some, any, every, no Writing about how technology may affect life in
the future
187

Vocabulary | Technology use
download a song
get photos printed
make a photocopy
post pictures
put it in my calendar
send a link
subscribe to a video service
update my profile
use social media
write it in my planner
1 2
Everybody says I need to charge / print / Everyone at school uses services / classes /
update / learn my profile. teaching plans / social media.
188 UNIT 19

3 4
Anyone can buy / post / write / spend Someone put it in my calendar / writing
pictures from a vacation. / services / link.
5 6
Almost all of my friends photocopy / No one writes their dates in a page / print /
subscribe / picture / communication to photocopy / planner now.
a video service.
7 8
Can you send me the link / photocopy / Almost nobody makes a photocopy /
calendar to that website? computer / download anymore.
EVERYDAY TECHNOLOGY 189

9 10
Everyone used to get photos downloaded / Do you know how to update /

printed / updated. photocopy / download a song for me?
D| When is the last time you did the things in A? Take turns talking with a partner.
I just used social media I can’t remember the last

ten minutes ago. time I made a photocopy.
190 UNIT 19

Conversation
Luis What
are you doing? It's time for lunch.
Gloria I'm writing the time of our meeting in my planner.
What? Nobody writes in a planner anymore. Everyone

Luis online calendars or their smart phones.
uses
Gloria Well, I don’t put anything online. And I use my phone as a phone—nothing else.
Luis I couldn’t
live without my phone. I do everything with it.
Gloria I don’t use social media, either.
Luis you from this planet? Everybody uses social media.

Are
Gloria It’s not a good idea.
Luis Sure
it is. Look. I’m using my phone to update my profile right now.
Gloria What?
Luis telling everyone what you’re wearing.

I’m
Gloria Stop! Anyone anywhere can read that.
Luis
Seriously, Gloria, it’s a great way to share everything in my life with everyone in my life.
Gloria Well, nothing I do is that interesting.
Luis
That’s not true. Right now someone somewhere is interested.
Gloria Wait. What did you just do?
Luis I just
took a picture of you and posted it.
Gloria Luis!
What? Somebody didn’t believe that anyone would actually

Luis what you’re wearing. So I had to show them.
wear
Gloria I have nothing to say. Let’s go to lunch…without your phone.

1 ____ Gloria doesn’t use a phone. 3 ____ Gloria doesn’t use social media.
2 ____ Luis only uses his phone to talk to friends. 4 ____ Luis posted a picture of Gloria online.

Pronunciation | Letter combinations ci and ti as /ʃ/
A| Listen. Then practice saying the words.
social special facial patient fiction traditional
B | Find more words with these types of letter combinations. Practice.

Grammar | Compounds with some, any, every, no
Someone/Somebody sent me an email with a virus in it.

Something is wrong with my phone. It won’t power on.
Do you know where my tablet is? I left it somewhere.
Does anyone/anybody still buy CDs? TIP

There is no difference between
I don’t buy anything online. I don’t feel safe giving my credit card somebody and someone, anybody
number on the internet. and anyone, everybody and
Can we get wifi connection anywhere in this airport? everyone, and nobody and no one.
There is somebody at the door. =
There is someone at the door.
Everyone/Everybody has a cell phone these days.
The words with some (someone,
You can buy everything you need online. You don’t have to go to stores. somebody, something, somewhere)
are used in affirmative sentences.
You can get internet connection everywhere, even on planes.
The words with any (anyone,
anybody, anything, anywhere) are
No one/Nobody writes letters these days. People just send emails. usually used in negative sentences
and questions.
I post nothing about myself on social media. I want to keep my life private. I see someone at the door.
I don’t see anyone at the door.
I go nowhere without my cell phone. I feel lost without it.

1 Does someone / anyone know how to post pictures on this website?
2 Everyone / Anyone in this class takes notes using a laptop or a tablet.
Nothing / Nobody is using a pen and paper.
3 You can’t trust everything / nothing on the internet. Not something / everything is true.
4 I don’t put something / anything too personal on my social media profile.
5 You can’t find a pay phone anywhere / nowhere these days.
C| Take turns asking and answering the I send postcards to

questions with a partner. everyone in my family when
I travel. But nobody sends
1 Can you use your phone everywhere? them to me!
2 Does anyone buy CDs these days?
3 Do you post anything personal about yourself online?
4 Does anyone send postcards when they’re on vacation?
192 UNIT 19

Reading
affordable make calls
clunky originate
global refrigerator
idea space
imagine transport
invent trucks
Technology that changed the world

New technologies are invented every day. There are all kinds of things that have been invented in the past
100 years that are now very important and common in our everyday lives.
Refrigeration
There was a time when people couldn’t keep fresh fruits and vegetables or dairy products
in the house for more than a few days. Now, we can enjoy all of that plus fresh juices and
even ice cream. Refrigerators originated in the 1800s, but there weren’t any made for home
use until the 1920s. The invention of home refrigerators and refrigerated trucks to transport
food changed the eating habits of people around the world and made food more affordable!
Cell phones
The idea for the cell phone dates back to the 1940s, but the first call from a cell phone didn’t
happen until the 1970s. Early cell phones were large and clunky. All they could do was make
calls. Today’s cell phones are much smaller and can help us do everything from shopping
online to watching movies.
The internet
The internet originated in the 1960s, but it
wasn’t until the 1990s that it became a global
communication space. Today, the internet
is used in our homes, businesses, and even in our cars. Now that we have the
internet, none of us can imagine life without it.
C | Read the sentences. Choose the correct technology. Write R (refrigeration), C (cell phones),
or I (internet).
1 ____ It originated in the 1960s.
4 ____ Today, we use it in our homes, businesses, and even our cars.
5 ____ Without it, we couldn’t keep fresh milk in the house.
6 ____ We use them to make calls, shop online, and watch movies.

Listening
access manage
appointments medical practice
clients motorcycle
communicate patient
contacts stay in touch
diagrams store
employees stored
get directions successful
hardly translation
hold meetings useful
a ______ b ______
c ______ d ______
C| Listen again. Match the two halves of the sentences.
1 ___ Anisha likes her tablet because she can… a find a hotel when there’s nowhere to stay.
2 ___ H
assan likes his phone and laptop b have online meetings with clients anywhere in
because he can… the world.
3 ___ C
hanthou likes her phone because she c take photos and use social media to keep
can… everyone informed.
4 ___ S
ebastian likes his tablet because he d show diagrams to patients if they don’t
can… understand something.
194 UNIT 19

Speaking
A|
Talk about how you or someone you Talk about how you or someone you
OR
know uses a tablet. know uses a phone.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
I mostly use my tablet to watch

My sister likes to read on her
movies and take notes in class.
tablet. She uses it for work, too,
I sometimes use it to video chat,
and to play games.
too.
My cousin uses his phone to get

I use my phone for all sorts of
on social media. He also uses it
things— taking notes, looking
to text, of course. And he takes
things up, checking emails, …
a lot of pictures with it.

more information.
What sorts of games Does it take good

Do you use it for
does she play? pictures?
anything else?

Writing
Someday, maybe very soon, technology will help us save our

environment. For example, solar panels won’t just be large things on
rooftops, but they will be very thin and transparent so the windows
of homes, buildings, and cars will produce energy. Technology will
change medicine as well, with robots, computers, and wireless
communication helping surgeons and doctors do surgeries and tests
remotely.
Speaking of tests, I think someday smart phones will be used as microscopes so lab tests
can be done anywhere and help people in the poorest places. Computer screens will become
a thing of the past. In the future, they will be made of soft, foldable, and stretchable material.
Privacy and protection of personal information will still be an issue, though, especially as more
and more people gain access to the internet and wireless technologies.
• How does the writer say technology will change medicine?

• In what way does the writer say computer screens will change?
• How do you think technology might change the future?
B| Write predictions about how technology will affect life in the future. Use the

EXPRESS YOURSELF!
It will help us …
live longer.
hange…
Technology will c travel faster.
transportation. eat better.
communication.
research.
t…
However, it migh
take jobs away.
us.
let people spy on
ips more
make relationsh
impersonal.
196 UNIT 19

UNIT WE HAVE WORK
20 TO DO
UNIT GOALS
Vocabulary Reading
Work obligations Working hard
Talking about being busy People talking about their busy schedules
Intonation for commiserating Talking about things that have to get done
Grammar Writing
Noun phrase + infinitive to express necessity Writing about preparing for an event
197

Vocabulary | Work obligations
clean pools
decorate cakes
deliver boxes
design websites
give tours
grade tests
paint rooms
read chapters
see patients
wipe tables
1 2
She has four more tables to wipe / deliver / He’s got more than 80 boxes to decorate /
decorate before she can leave. deliver / paint today.
198 UNIT 20

3 4
I still have two boxes / chapters / Our teacher has all of our tests to see /
websites to read before class. clean / grade by Friday.
5 6
The doctor has five tours / deliveries / They have eight rooms to see / wipe / paint
patients to see before lunch. in the new house.
7 8
She has a website to design / decorate / Our crew has more than 20 pools to clean /
clean by next Monday. grade / see this week.
WE HAVE WORK TO DO 199

9 10
She has two more cakes to give / decorate / The guide has four more tours / patients
paint today. / rooms to give today.
D| What are three things you have to do every week for your job or classes? Take turns

talking with a partner.
I have to study for tests, go I have to take orders, wipe

to classes, and take notes. tables, and deliver food.
200 UNIT 20

Conversation
Betsy Tom just sent me a text.
Min-jun We’re still going to meet him at the restaurant after work, aren’t we?
Betsy Tom’s going to be late. He has two tours to give this afternoon at the museum.
Min-jun It sounds like he’s busy.
Betsy He is, and I’m going to be late, too. I have a new website to design before tomorrow.
Min-jun You mean you have a new website to finish before tomorrow?
Betsy It’s crazy at work right now.
Min-jun I know how it is.
Betsy Are you busy at work, too?
Min-jun You tell me! I have three wedding cakes to decorate before I can leave this evening.
Betsy I hear you. Wedding season has arrived, hasn’t it?
Min-jun You’re right. Everyone is having a wedding this month.
Betsy Hey, let’s meet Saturday instead.
Min-jun Great idea. I’ll text Tom now.
Betsy Wait! I just remembered. I can’t meet Saturday. I have a wedding to attend!
Min-jun Guess what? Tom texted. He has a wedding to go to also!
Well, it is wedding season!

Betsy

1 Where did they plan to meet after work?
a a theater b the museum c a restaurant
2 Who is busy at work?
a Tom and Betsy b Tom, Betsy, and Min-jun c Betsy and Min-jun
3 Who has a wedding to go to on Saturday?
a Tom and Betsy b Betsy and Min-jun c Tom and Min-jun

Pronunciation | Intonation for commiserating
A| Listen. Notice the intonation. Then practice.
You’re right. I know what you mean.

I hear you. I know how it is.
B | Find more expressions used for commiserating. Practice.
Grammar | Noun phrase + infinitive to express necessity

I have four more rooms to paint today.

She has 60 tests to grade this weekend.
He said he had two more tours to give this afternoon.
We have five chapters to read before class tomorrow!
I have many tests to grade by next week.
B | Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words from the box.
read wash bake see give write
1 As a college student, I have many books ____________________ for all my classes.

2 My father is a doctor. He has about 20 patients ____________________ every day.
3 At work, Danny has many emails ____________________ every day.
4 Yuka has 100 cupcakes ____________________ for a big party.
5 Summer is the busiest time for travel companies. I have about five tours ____________________
every day.
6 Working in a restaurant kitchen is hard. There are always so many dishes ____________________.
C | Look at the conversation on page 201. Underline all the examples of noun phrases followed
by the infinitive.
D| Make up sentences about what The real estate agent has three
more houses to show today.

each person has to do. Tell a partner.
1 2 3 4 5
barista dog walker baker mechanic real estate agent
202 UNIT 20

Reading
citizens make ends meet
depend on on average
employee regulations
equation sick leave
full-time typically
loved ones work-life balance
Working hard
Everyone knows that work is important, but how much work is too
much? The answer to that question might depend on where you live.
Some countries are better than others about helping their citizens
have a good work-life balance. While work is something that we have
to do, we also should make sure that we allow enough time to relax
and spend time with our loved ones. Some countries are not as good
at the life part of the work-life balance equation.
Many Americans work far more than 40 hours a week. Americans
also get less vacation, sick leave, and other forms of paid time off
than people in many other countries. As a result, many Americans are
stressed and feel that they don’t have enough time for home life.
Hong Kong is one of the world’s hardest-working cities. One out of every ten employees has to work more than 60
hours a week just to make ends meet. On average, a full-time employee works 49 hours a week.
Other countries are better at setting up regulations so that people can have a good work-life balance. Workers in
Germany, the Netherlands, and France work about 35 hours per week on average, and they typically enjoy four
weeks or more of vacation time a year.

1 ____ Work-life balance is not important.
2 ____ Americans work under 40 hours a week.
3 ____ Americans get fewer vacation days than many other countries.
4 ____ Some people in Hong Kong have to work 60 hours a week just to make ends meet.
5 ____ The average full-time worker in Hong Kong works 49 hours a week.
6 ____ People in Germany and France work more than Americans.

Listening
chef motivation
essays organic ingredients
final exams policy
flu virus prevent
get a shot produce
mechanical engineering social life
medical clinic succeed
a ______ b ______ c ______ d ______
C| Listen again. Then choose the answer that best completes each sentence.
1 Brahim has ____.
a 100 meals to cook tonight b 30 patients to see today
2 Brahim tells people ____.
a to wash their hands several times a day b to eat organic food every day
3 Janine is ____.
a a mechanical engineering student b an eighth-grade teacher
4 Janine has ____.
a 20 essays to grade this weekend b ten chapters to read this week
5 Mikhail has ____.
a 30 patients to see today b ten chapters to read this week
6 Mikhail has ____.
a a lot of information to learn b a lot of organic ingredients to buy
7 Samira has ____.
a ten meals to cook tonight b 100 meals to cook tonight
8 Samira has a policy ____.
a to wash her hands several times a day b to use only organic ingredients in her dishes
204 UNIT 20

Speaking
A|
Talk about things a friend or family

Talk about things you have to get done
OR member has to get done before the end
before the end of the week.
of the week.
EXPRESS YOURSELF!
I have a lot to do before the

Before the end of the week, I
end of the week. I’m going out
have library books to return,
of town next week, so I have
clothes to bring to the cleaners,
my suitcases to pack, my carry-
and groceries to buy for next
on bag to get ready, and things
week.
to buy for the trip.
My friend is moving next week,

My brother is starting a new
so she has a lot to do. She has
job next week. Before he starts,
all of her stuff to pack. And she
he has clothes to buy, and he
has services, like her internet
needs a haircut. He also has
and electricity, to change to the
training to do.
new address.
B Talk about your topic with a partner. Ask your partner questions to get

more information.
Do you do all your What do you have to

shopping for the week buy for the trip? Why is she moving?
at once?

Writing
I have to get ready for a camping trip. I need to buy rain

gear and a sturdy backpack. I want to prepare snacks so
that I can keep up my energy during long hikes. I also have
water to buy. And I need to find my walking shoes. Finally,
I have to find a good map of the area because I want to
research hiking trails and camping sites.
• How will the writer keep up his/her energy?

• Why does the writer want a good map of the area?
• Do you have an upcoming event you need to get ready for? What do you have to do to get ready?
B| Write about preparations for one of the events below. Use the information in

• an interview • a trip
• a family gathering • a concert
• a holiday party • an outdoor activity I need to buy…
EXPRESS YOURSELF! decorations.
food.
a walking stick.
ady for…
I have to get re
ing.
my sister’s wedd
New Year’s Eve.
our hike.
to do.
I also have ___
laundry
cleaning
packing
206 UNIT 20

REVIEW, ASSESS,
CONNECT & EXTEND
RE VIE W, AS SE SS, C ON N EC T & E X TEN D UNIT S 16–20

Vocabulary | Complete the sentences. Circle the answers in the puzzle.
O F P S C C M A A C
1 My mother says, “Variety is the ___ of life.”
W C W R N R T R S D 2 Ice cream has too many ___.
I A E L I F O R P I 3 Los Angeles isn’t as ___ as Boston.
R L I A I R A R I M 4 The seafood here is ___ than in Chicago.
S E I R O L A C C U 5 I don’t eat enough ___ fruits and vegetables.
I N H E S C T E E H 6 I forgot about the meeting. It wasn’t in my ___.
E D C S T C R P C W 7 The doctor has three more ___ to see.
P A T I E N T S C C 8 I haven’t updated my ___ since last year.
C R C G A R L I C E 9 You know what they say. “___ makes perfect!”
N E F A G O F E I P 10 This pasta sauce has too much ___ in it.

1 The hotel is in most traditional part of the city.
________________________________________________________________________________
2 Taking the train isn’t convenient as driving a car.
________________________________________________________________________________
3 Mexico City is least populated than São Paulo.
________________________________________________________________________________
4 I don’t eat cheese because it has too many fat.
________________________________________________________________________________
5 I try to use fewer sugar in my coffee now.
________________________________________________________________________________
6 Do you get protein enough in your diet?
________________________________________________________________________________
7 They asked us “Where are you going?”
________________________________________________________________________________
8 Does someone still write letters to people?
________________________________________________________________________________
9 I don’t post nothing on social media.
________________________________________________________________________________
10 There are many nice paintings see there.
________________________________________________________________________________
Vocabulary Grammar
RACE 207

REVIEW, ASSESS,
CONNECT & EXTEND
Two truths and a lie

A | Complete the sentences based on the prompts in parentheses. Some information
should be true. Some information should be false (a lie).
1 I love ___________________ because it is very ___________________. (place, adjective)
2 I don’t like ________________ at all because it is very _________________. (place, adjective)
3 I try not to eat/drink too much/many ___________________. (type of food or ingredient)
4 I try to eat something with ___________________ in it every day. (ingredient)
5 Recently I left my ___________________ somewhere. (object)
6 I don’t buy anything at/on ___________________. (store or online shopping site)
7 I don’t go anywhere without my ___________________. (object)
8 I sent a friend a link to ___________________. (an online site or video)
9 The last time I made a photocopy was ___________________. (time)
10 I never post photos of __________________. (person or object)
11 The last song I downloaded was ___________________.
(song title)
I try not to drink too
12 I use social media about ___________________ times much caffeine.
a day. (number)
B|W
ork in a group. Read two true statements and False!
one lie about yourself. Your classmates will
guess which statement is a lie.
Try it out
Write a message to a friend saying our co-worker wants help deciding
Y
what you have to get done this weekend on a good place to host a business
before you can go out. dinner. Suggest and compare two
places you know.
La Vista is nicer than Anthony’s.

I have a ton of homework this weekend. But La Vista isn’t as relaxing as
I have two reports to write and a huge
Anthony’s.
test to study for.
208 RACE

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND CREDITS
Green Mountain Education would like to thank the following teachers, whose comments were Pressmaster; bottom right Krakenimages.com; 119 Impact Photography; 120 PR Image
extremely useful in developing Connected: Factory; 121 Sasa Prudkov; 122 (a) Tyler Olson; (b) sirtravelalot; (c) Bohbeh; (d) michaeljung;
123 TL Icatnews; TR Rob Marmion; BL David Prado Perucha; BR fizkes; 124 Top Kzenon; (1)
• Dixie Santana, Universidad Panamericana Guadalajara Andrey_Popov; (2) ALPA PROD; (3) blvdone; 125 fizkes; 126 (1) Adisa; (2) Creativa Images; 127
• Sarah Brown, Instituto Tecnologico de Estudios Superiores de Occidente (ITESO) (3) Ollyy; (4) takayuki; (5) BlueSkyImage; (6) SG SHOT; (7) phloen; (8) Ivan Kruk; 128 (9)
• Adelina Ruiz, Instituto Tecnologico de Estudios Superiores de Occidente (ITESO) stockfour; (10) sirtravelalot; bottom left ESB Professional; bottom right Chaay_Tee; 129 New
The publisher also wishes to thank Sam Loose, without whose help this project could not have Africa; 130 top left chainarong06; top center Monkey Business Images; top right Yuri Shevtsov;
come to fruition. bottom Csaba Vanyi; 131 Matt Benoit; 132 (a) Rawpixel.com; (b) elwynn; (c) tuaindeed; (d)
Djomas; 133 TL Allison Hays - Allicat Photography; TR Vasin Lee; BL Vintage Tone; BR Dave
IMAGE CREDITS Clark Digital Photo; 134 Top Dragon Images; (1) baranq; (2) Syda Productions; (3) Syda
Productions; 135 faboi; 136 (1) CREATISTA; (2) Arman Novic; 137 (3) Anna_Lee; (4)
The following images are licensed from Shutterstock: BlueSkyImage; (5) ESB Professional; (6) WAYHOME studio; (7) Maksim Shirkov; (8) Ikonoklast
Front cover alphaspirit; 1 LightField Studios; 2 (1) Dean Drobot; (2) kuzmaphoto; 3 (3) Oleg Fotografie; (9) Nejron Photo; (10) BlueSkyImage; 138 (1) Neil Lang; (2) agsandrew; (3) View
Mikhaylov; (4) Mikael Damkier; (5) Vladimir Mucibabic; (6) joyfull; (7) Andrey 69; (8) Monkey Apart; (4) LeviQ; (5) Djomas; bottom Nejron Photo; 139 Prostock-studio; 140 top left Willyam
Business Images; (9) Milkovasa; (10) l i g h t p o e t; 4 (1) Ed Berlen; (2) FCG; (3) Egon NYC; (4) Bradberry; top center UfaBizPhoto; top right Diego Cervo; bottom Mego studio; 141 top
Dirima; (5) Apple's Eyes Studio; (6) Pavel Lysenko; (7) Phovoir; (8) sirtravelalot; bottom MinDof; center ProStockStudio; bottom Ijansempoi; 142 (a) Kzenon; (b) Rehan Qureshi; (c) Mix
petereleven; 5 Aleksandr Markin; 6 New Africa; 7 sbremer; 8 (a) aslysun; (b) dragon_fang; (c) and Match Studio; (d) G-Stock Studio; 143 TL Grigorita Ko; TR Losonsky; BL Fotomicar; BR
michaeljung; (d) Anton Havelaar; 9 TL Evannovostro; TR Miriam Doerr Martin Frommherz; BL Novoselov; 144 Top antoniodiaz; (1) wavebreakmedia; (2) Stock-Asso; (3) Nestor Rizhniak; 145
Monkey Business Images; BR Monkey Business Images; 10 Top Dragon Images; (1) Rock and XiXinXing; 146 (1) Kaziyeva-Dem'yanenko Svitlana; (2) CREATISTA; (3) fotum; (4) j.chizhe; 147
Wasp; (2) Helioscribe; (3) Nomad_Soul; 11 DisobeyArt; 12 (1) nando viciano; (2) vwPix; 13 (3) (5) CandyBox Images; (6) Tyler Olson; (7) Robert Kneschke; (8) El Nariz; (9) gpointstudio; (10)
Wassana Mathipikhai; (4) Olesia Bilkei; (5) Anton Ryabtsov; (6) JaneHYork; (7) ARENA CandyBox Images; bottom fizkes; 148 AstroStar; 149 left Gorlov-KV; center J K Daylight; right
Creative; (8) Gemenacom; 14 (9) mimagephotography; (10) Africa Studio; (11) Vidmantas ULU_BIRD; 150 Stock-Asso; 151 Aureliy; 152 (a) The_Molostock; (b) luckyraccoon; (c) Dmitry
Goldberg; (12) Rawpixel.com; bottom Benevolente82; 15 Mangostar; 16 Top Left Zoltan Tarlacz; Kalinovsky; (d) ESB Professional; 153 TL beeboys; TR Alina Rosanova; BL Anton Gvozdikov;
Top Center Kuznetsov Alexey; Top Right Bucchi Francesco; Bottom Akos Nagy; 17 afotoshop; BR atiger; 154 Top JL IMAGES; (1) Solis Images; (2) El Nariz; (3) Rido; 156 (1) Kleber Cordeiro;
18 (a) Dean Drobot; (b) Luis Molinero; (c) imagedb.com; (d) Monika Wisniewska; 19 TL JGA; (2) WAYHOME studio; (3) Parilov; (4) sheff; bottom left sasha2109; bottom right Pixel-Shot; 157
TR Jacob Lund; BL PR Image Factory; BR Standret; 20 Top G-Stock Studio; (1) Pincasso; (2) Vixit; 158 (1) Daxiao Productions; (2) Adisa; (3) Galyna Andrushko; (4) ansharphoto; 159 (5)
Daxiao Productions; (3) Zigres; 21 Rich Carey; 22 (1) Rich Carey; (2) mooinblack; (3) Ipatov; (4) S.Borisov; (6) Ricardo Canino; (7) Balu; (8) MACHKAZU; (9) BMJ; (10) Luciano Mortula - LGM;
Ammit Jack; (5) Wallenrock; (6) Guy Shapira; (7) Gerald Marella; (8) Ammit Jack; (9) Photobac; bottom left elena_prosvirova; bottom right Ihor Bulyhin; 160 Iakov Filimonov; 161 (1) CAN
(10) sirtravelalot; 23 (1) Elena Kapitonova; (2) Cuson; (3) Shaiith; (4) defotoberg; (5) Greg BALCIOGLU; (2) 501room; (3) RossHelen; (4) pikselstock; (5) unbannot; (6) Iakov Filimonov;
Epperson; (6) SpeedKingz; Bottom FrameAngel; 24 Krakenimages.com; 25 TL Alex Brylov; TC 162 top left Lonnie Gorsline; top center Jack Hong; top right Kaesler Media; bottom F-Stop
wavebreakmedia; TR ArtOfPhotos; Bottom Mongkolchon Akesin; 26 TL Altrendo Images; TC boy; 163 top Maridav; top center ShutterOK; bottom center Michael Repenning; bottom
Dragon Images; TR LightField Studios; Bottom Victor FlowerFly; 27 romakoma; 28 (a) dnaveh; Leonard Zhukovsky; 164 (a) Ekaterina Pokrovsky; (b) dotshock; (c) MJTH; (d) Galyna
(b) AXL; (c) Lisa-S; (d) Ljupco Smokovski; 29 TL David Cantos; TR Noel Powell; BL Big Joe; Andrushko; 165 TL Trong Nguyen; TR STLJB; BL loneroc; BR Ryan DeBerardinis; 166 Top
BR Michael Gordon; 30 Top Brad Sauter; (1) Andrey_Popov; (2) FrameAngel; (3) Devenorr; 31 VasiliyBudarin; (1) Edvard Nalbantjan; (2) Olesya Kuznetsova; (3) Maurizio Milanesio; 167
Paolo Schorli; 32 (1) Kudryashka; (2) axeiz; 33 (3) Andrey_Kuzmin; (4) Everett Collection; (5) marilyn barbone; 168 (1) Ryzhkov Photography; (2) bitt24; 169 (3) LeDarArt; (4) Africa Studio;
sirtravelalot; (6) dubassy; (7) Lolostock; (8) iChzigo; 34 (9) Lolostock; (10) Ivan Josifovic; (11) (5) AS Food studio; (6) le pur photography; (7) Arina P Habich; (8) Valentyn Volkov; 170 (9)
Filip Fuxa; (12) Tuzemka; Bottom Stokkete; 35 LightField Studios; 36 (1) Twinsterphoto; (2) Angel Simon; (10) Jacek Chabraszewski; bottom left Krakenimages.com; bottom right
Juice Flair; (3) Waraporn Surakaising; (4) TheZAStudio; (5) Africa Studio; (6) Thomas12789; Halfpoint; 171 kikovic; 172 top left David MG; top center marcin jucha; top right Africa Studio;
Bottom Michal Ludwiczak; 37 left Horth Rasur; right Valentin Valkov; 38 (a) ESB Professional; bottom Dean Drobot; 173 top TATPON; center MaraZe; bottom margouillat photo; 174 (a)
(b) Gelpi; (c) Hogan Imaging; (d) dragon_fang; 39 TL carballo; TR Ververidis Vasilis; BL mikeledray; (b) Creativa Images; (c) Lana K; (d) Photographee.eu; 175 TL Monkey Business
Twinsterphoto; BR Zivica Kerkez; 40 Top weeranuch; (1) mike mols; (2) alexkich; (3) Images; TR veryulissa; BL Dalaifood; BR Syda Productions; 176 Top CatchaSnap; (1) Yulia
AndriiKoval; 41 Sky Antonio; 42 (1) TheFinalMiracle; (2) alphaspirit; 43 (3) D. Kucharski K. Davidovich; (2) liubomir; (3) elena moiseeva; 177 simez78; 178 (1) Roger costa morera; (2)
Kucharska; (4) Germanskydiver; (5) Stuart Jenner; (6) solarseven; (7) pistolseven; (8) Oskar normallens; 179 (3) Dmytro Vietrov; (4) Melkor3D; (5) monticello; (6) Shawn Hempel; (7) cbpix;
SCHULER; 44 (9) Maridav; (10) Allen.G; bottom left swissmacky; bottom right Dmitry (8) WAYHOME studio; 180 (9) Jukka Palm; (10) LesM; (11) VarnaK; (12) 5 second Studio; bottom
Kalinovsky; 45 Leszek Glasner; 46 Pavlovska Yevhenii; 47 top Germanskydiver; center MaxFX; Stokkete; 181 stockfour; 182 top Kim Howell; bottom vgstudio; 183 viki2win; 184 (a) Oleg
bottom Todd Shoemake; 48 (a) Rob Byron; (b) Kokhanchikov; (c) Germanskydiver; (d) Greg Golovnev; (b) AshTproductions; (c) wong sze yuen; (d) Minerva Studio; 185 TL
Epperson; 49 TL Dudarev Mikhail; TR Tong_stocker; BL Artush; BR Andrew Repp; 50 Top conceptualmotion; TR Ivelin Radkov; BL Pixeljoy; BR Kristen Paulin; 186 Top Mauricio Graiki;
Cookie Studio; (1) Ann Haritonenko; (2) vectorfusionart; (3) pathdoc; 52 (a) ; (b) ; (c) ; (d) ; (1) Djomas; (2) Olga Danylenko; (3) Jacob_09; 187 View Apart; 188 (1) Andrey_Popov; (2) Tyler
Bottom ; 53 Andrey_Popov; 54 (1) Tyler Olson; (2) Charlie Edward; 55 (3) Monkey Business Olson; 189 (3) MJTH; (4) camilla$$; (5) pixinoo; (6) avarand; (7) rvlsoft; (8) Mayuree Moonhirun;
Images; (4) CHEN WS; (5) jdwfoto; (6) Karuka; (7) Matt Apps; (8) i359702; 56 (1) sirtravelalot; 190 (9) ESB Professional; (10) Postmodern Studio; bottom View Apart; 191 XiXinXing; 192 Air
(2) MinDof; (3) ESB Professional; (4) Brian A Jackson; (5) ESB Professional; Bottom Images; 193 top arogant; center bluehand; bottom Doug McLean; 194 (a) Monkey Business
Gorodenkoff; 57 wavebreakmedia; 58 TL Syda Productions; TC Motortion Films; TR Dragon Images; (b) lzf; (c) George Rudy; (d) BUNDITINAY; 195 TL KenSoftTH; TR stockfour; BL
Images; Bottom Roman Samborskyi; 59 StockLite; 60 (1) JPC-PROD; (2) takayuki; (3) szefei; mimagephotography; BR Antonio Guillem; 196 Top Phonlamai Photo; (1) metamorworks; (2)
(4) Rob Marmion; 61 TL Vgstockstudio; TR Sergey Novikov; BL Gorodenkoff; BR Pavel Chagochkin; (3) Zapp2Photo; 197 PhaiApirom; 198 (1) Lisa F. Young; (2) Dmitry
wavebreakmedia; 62 Top garetsworkshop; (1) antoniodiaz; (2) Rocketclips, Inc.; (3) George Kalinovsky; 199 (3) ESB Professional; (4) michaeljung; (5) Stuart Jenner; (6) kitzcorner; (7)
Rudy; 63 tartanparty; 64 (1) Quorthon1; (2) Andreas Poertner; 65 (3) Kuznetcov_Konstantin; (4) stockfour; (8) ruzanna; 200 (9) Ermolaev Alexander; (10) 1000 Words; bottom left WAYHOME
katatonia82; (5) bezikus; (6) sirtravelalot; (7) michaeljung; (8) michaeljung; 66 (9) Pi-Lens; (10) studio; bottom right Vgstockstudio; 201 GaudiLab; 202 (1) jesterpop; (2) Steve Bruckmann]; (3)
Marcio Jose Bastos Silva; bottom left Ariwasabi; bottom right LightField Studios; 67 Dragon LightField Studios; (4) Africa Studio; (5) Dragon Images; 203 Ljupco Smokovski; 204 (a)
Images; 68 top left Rommel Canlas; top center KhunO; top right Jacob Lund; bottom Gino AleksandrN; (b) Diego Cervo; (c) Antonio Guillem; (d) DJTaylor; 205 TL AnaBee Images; TR
Santa Maria; 69 top ESB Professional; bottom sirtravelalot; 70 (a) Tracy Whiteside; (b) Jari sabthai; BL Africa Studio; BR antoniodiaz; 206 Top Pinkyone; (1) cunaplus; (2) Nejron Photo;
Hindstroem; (c) Jakub Cejpek; (d) El Nariz; 71 TL Yaroslav Mishin; TR k_samurkas; BL Jam (3) Paul Michael Hughes; 208 Top Nicoleta Ionescu; Bottom left Rocketclips, Inc.; Bottom right
Norasett; BR AboutLife; 72 Top Natalia Ruedisueli; (1) Tom Wang; (2) David B. Petersen; (3) eldar nurkovic
Francesco83; 73 Chanyanuch Wannasinlapin; 74 (1) Kenneth Man; (2) TijanaM; 75 (3)
Radharani; (4) ludmilafoto; (5) Krakenimages.com; (6) Milkovasa; (7) Michael Pettigrew; (8) All other images are property of Green Mountain Education. All rights reserved.
wong yu liang; 76 (9) Andrey Burmakin; (10) MinDof; bottom left antoniodiaz; bottom right
Dmytro Zinkevych; 77 LightField Studios; 78 top left MS Mikel; top center aleg baranau; top
right gpointstudio; bottom sirtravelalot; 79 top STILLFX; bottom Djomas; 80 (1) maradon 333;
(2) G-Stock Studio; (3) michaeljung; (4) Lewis Tse Pui Lung; 81 TL ddisq; TR AshTproductions;
BL bunyarit klinsukhon; BR Pressmaster; 82 Top Flamingo Images; (1) AJR_photo; (2)
Photographee.eu; (3) Licvin; 83 megaflopp; 84 (1) dotshock; (2) Steve Lovegrove; 85 (3)
Gunnar Pippel; (4) Pressmaster; (5) Tyler Olson; (6) ESB Professional; (7) Prostock-studio; (8)
Ramona Heim; 86 (9) AJR_photo; (10) Creativa Images; 87 fizkes; 88 top left diy13; top center
elbud; top right leungchopan; bottom Csaba Vanyi; 89 top Alessandro de Leo; bottom
TORWAISTUDIO; 90 (a) David Gilder; (b) sirtravelalot; (c) wizdata1; (d) Dima Fadeev; 91 TL
Ataka; TR LightField Studios; BL Benjamin Clapp; BR Tom Wang; 92 Top RossHelen; (1)
9'63 Creation; (2) Rawpixel.com; (3) antoniodiaz; 93 Andrey_Popov; 94 (1) Axel
Bueckert; (2) Shift Drive; 95 (3) sunabesyou; (4) Andrii77; (5) Ollyy; (6) Gemenacom; (7)
Photographee.eu; (8) Dmitry Kalinovsky; 96 (9) Amir Ridhwan; (10) encierro; bottom left Gena
Melendrez; bottom right maroke; 97 Goran Bogicevic; 98 top left Mike_shots; top center
ASDF_MEDIA; top right YoloStock; bottom G-Stock Studio; 99 top cunaplus; bottom Pair
Srinrat; 100 (a) spaxiax; (b) pathdoc; (c) Ljupco Smokovski; (d) tommaso79; 101 TL Roman
Samborskyi; TR tommaso79; BL MD_Photography; BR Vgstockstudio; 102 Top YanLev; (1)
Sam Wordley; (2) Vgstockstudio; (3) kurhan; 104 Top antoniodiaz bottom left LifetimeStock;
bottom right Ljupco Smokovski; 105 Alex Brylov; 106 (1) Alfredo Ragazzoni; (2) Dasha
Petrenko; 107 (3) Rob Pitman; (4) Avella; (5) Kekyalyaynen; (6) FotograFFF; (7) Chiyacat; (8)
CreativeAngela; 108 (9) Aptyp_koK; (10) FooTToo; bottom left dotshock; bottom right Monkey
Business Images; 109 Jenkedco; 110 Csaba Vanyi; 111 top Idan Ben Haim; center Vadim
Petrakov; bottom rj lerich; 112 (a) evastudio; (b) Stephen Coburn; (c) Sofi photo; (d) monticello;
113 TL Kristen Prahl; TR GagoDesign; BL Mina Ryad; BR Andrew Schigelone; 114 Top fokke
baarssen; (1) New Africa; (2) Jacob Lund; (3) Georgejmclittle; 115 New Africa; 116 (1) Monkey
Business Images; (2) diplomedia; 117 (3) Solyanik Alex; (4) kazoka; (5) Valentin Sauts; (6)
cunaplus; (7) studiovin; (8) Bill Lawson; 118 (9) Pixsooz; (10) Happy Stock Photo; bottom left
CONNECTED-SB3-INSIDEBACKCOVER-200326.indd 106 3/26/20 6:19 PM

CONNECTED 1 A1
Christopher Wenger
CONNECTED 2 A2
CONNECTED 3 B1
CONNECTED 4 B2
CONNECTED 5 B2+
CONNECTED 6 C1
CONNECTED is a six-level General English course taking young adult/adult learners from
Beginner to Advanced levels (CEFR: A1 to C1).
• Get motivated through frequent personalization of target language points, personal
learning paths, and self-assessment of progress toward your goals.
• Maximize your classroom time learning English with lexical support in your first
language and logs for you to record and build on the language you want to use.
• Join the community with the Connected online platform, an online community for you
to extend your practice of English and for instructors to develop and share their skills in
teaching with the series.
CONNECTED Components
• Student Book • Teacher's Guide
• Workbook • Assessment
• Online Workbook Plus • Split Combo Editions
CONNECTED ONLINE
Student Site Teacher Site
• Pronunciation Audio • Basecamp Training Videos and Blog
• Connected Videos • Student Book and Assessment Audio
• Lexical Lists • Video Scripts and Worksheets
• Personal Path Tools Level 3
Christopher Wenger
9 781647 630089
CONNECTED-SB3-COVER-200331.indd 105 5/17/20 7:34 PM

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CONNECTED 1 A1

• Online Workbook Plus • Split Combo Editions

CONNECTED ONLINE Eliminar ahora

CONNECTED-SB3-COVER-200331.indd 105 5/17/20 7:31 PM

CONNECTED-SB3-FM-200326.indd 1 3/26/20 4:18 PM

Original edition published in 2015 as Connected B1 Student Book by

For rights/permissions inquiries, please contact:

For sales/distribution inquiries, please contact:

Cover design: Jesus Manuel Beltran Quintero

Series information and instructor/learner support materials available at:

CONNECTED-SB3-FM-200326.indd 2 3/26/20 4:18 PM

CONNECTED-SB3-FM-200326.indd 3 3/26/20 4:18 PM

READING LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING

READING LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING

VOCABULARY CONVERSATION PRONUNCIATION GRAMMAR

READING LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING

READING LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING

READING LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING

UNITS 1–5 REVIEW, ASSESS, CONNECT & EXTEND (RACE)

CONNECTED-SB3-FM-200326.indd 2 3/26/20 4:18 PM

READING LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING

READING LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING

READING LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING

READING LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING

READING LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING

UNITS 6–10 REVIEW, ASSESS, CONNECT & EXTEND (RACE)

CONNECTED-SB3-FM-200326.indd 3 3/26/20 4:18 PM

READING LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING

VOCABULARY CONVERSATION PRONUNCIATION GRAMMAR

READING LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING

READING LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING

UNITS 11–15 REVIEW, ASSESS, CONNECT & EXTEND (RACE)

CONNECTED-SB3-FM-200326.indd 4 3/26/20 4:18 PM

READING LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING

VOCABULARY CONVERSATION PRONUNCIATION GRAMMAR

READING LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING

19 EVERYDAY Technology use Comparing use of Letter combinations Compounds with

READING LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING

READING LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING

UNITS 16–20 REVIEW, ASSESS, CONNECT & EXTEND (RACE)

CONNECTED-SB3-FM-200326.indd 5 3/26/20 4:18 PM

CONNECTED-SB3-FM-200326.indd 6 3/26/20 4:18 PM

CONNECTED-SB3-U1-200326.indd 1 3/26/20 3:54 PM

coaching a kids’ soccer team

CONNECTED-SB3-U1-200326.indd 2 3/26/20 3:54 PM

C| Listen and practice saying the sentences in B.

THINGS I'M INTO 3

CONNECTED-SB3-U1-200326.indd 3 3/26/20 3:54 PM

G| Which of the activities in A would

CONNECTED-SB3-U1-200326.indd 4 3/26/20 3:54 PM

Sam I’m doing tai chi.

Jen Tai chi? It looks very relaxing.

Sam It is very relaxing. I do tai chi every day.

Jen I run every day.

Sam Why do you run every day?

Jen I run marathons. And I’m training for a marathon now.

Jen That’s very interesting. Let me try.

Sam What are you doing?

Jen I’m doing tai chi!

Sam That looks…interesting!

B | Choose the correct answers.

C | Practice the conversation with a partner.

Chris enjoys writing poetry. He thinks playing chess looks interesting.

B | Find more phrases or sentences with these linking sounds. Practice.

E| Make up sentences of your own using stative verbs.

D| Make up sentences of your own.