Diagnosis Technicain - Brake Outline of Brake

Outline of Brake General

In order to decrease the speed of a running vehicle and
Inertia bring it to a stop, it is necessary to generate force to slow
the rotation of the tires.
When the driver operates the brake pedal, the brake
device generates the force (road surface counterforce)
that works to stop the tires and the force (inertia) working
to keep the vehicle going is absorbed, thus stopping the
vehicle. In other words, the energy (kinetic energy) of the
tires working to rotate is converted into the heat of friction
(thermal energy) by operating the brakes which works to
Braking force (Friction)
stop the rotation of the tires.
The vehicle must not only stop but must be able to stop in
a way that reflects the intent of the driver.
For example, the brakes must decrease the vehicle
speed at the desired rate of the deceleration and stop in a
relatively stable manner in a comparatively short distance
during emergency braking. The main devices making up
this stop function are the brake system such as the brake
pedal, and the tires.

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Brake System

Parking brake system

There are two types of brake systems.
The main brake system used when the
Foot brake system
vehicle is running is the foot brake sys-
tem. There are drum brake and disc
brake that are most commonly operated
with hydraulic pressure.
The parking brake system is used when
leaving the vehicle is parked. The park-
ing brake system operates the rear
wheel brakes via wires or the like so that
the vehicle does not move.

Disc brake

Drum brake

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©2003 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION. All right reserved.

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Diagnosis Technicain - Brake Outline of Brake

ABS (Anti-lock Brake System)

An ABS is a brake control unit that uses
a computer control to automatically pre-
vent the tires from locking due to emer-
gency braking. This system raises the
vehicle stability further and shortens the
ECU braking distance.
Therefore, the tires do not lock up and
ABS the steering wheel can be steered even
Actuator
when the brake is depressed suddenly.
The vehicle is kept in control, and can
stop safely.
speed sensor Brake

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ABS with EBD

The "EBD" in the ABS with EBD is the
abbreviation for Electronic Brake force
Distribution or the Electronic Braking
force Distribution control for the ABS.
In addition to the conventional ABS func-
tion, braking force appropriate to the
condition of the vehicle is distributed
Normal state Load state
among the front and rear wheels and left
and right wheels using the ABS brake
hydraulic control unit.

During cornering braking

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BA (Brake Assist)
The BA is a system that assists brake
operation when drivers cannot apply
enough force on the brake pedal. Sud-
Pressure den pressure applied to the brake pedal
sensor
is judged as an emergency stop, and a
larger amount of braking force is auto-
matically generated.
ABS
Actuator

Speed sensor Brake

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Diagnosis Technicain - Brake Outline of Brake

Exercise

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Diagnosis Technicain - Brake Outline of Brake

Question- 1
The following statements pertain to the whole brake system. Mark each of the statements True or False.

No. Question True or False Correct Answers

1 The brake system reduces the vehicle speed or stops the vehicle. True False

The ABS (Anti-lock Brake System) prevents the tire lock by the
2 True False
emergency brake.

The BA (Brake Assist) operates the emergency brake automatically

3 True False
in order to prevent the accident.

The ABS with EBD (Electronic Brake force Distribution) distributes

4 True False
the engine torque to front-rear wheels or left-right wheels.

Question- 2
The following statements pertain to the brake. Select the statement that is True.

1. The brake system generates the maximum braking force at all times while the brake is operating.

2. The driver should use the parking brake together to obtain stronger braking force during the emergency
brake.

3. One of the ABS merits is able to steer the handle when the emergency brake operates.

4. The BA assists the driver's braking operation at all times to obtain larger braking force.

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