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    Shopack Wave Tables

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf
    87 views157 pages

    Shock Tables

    Uploaded by

    Bhaskar Sharma
    Shopack Wave Tables

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf
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    NAasA-TN-D- 2221 p-2 NASA TECHNICAL NOTE Reproduced From Best Available Copy NASA TN D-2221 \ IDEAL-GAS TABLES FOR OBLIQUE-SHOCK FLOW PARAMETERS IN AIR AT MACH NUMBERS FROM 1.05 TO 12.0 20011022 084 by John §. Dennard and Patricia B. Spencer Langley Research Center Langley Station, Hampton, Va. NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION © WASHINGTON, D. C. © MARCH 1964 ag MAR C5 S68 IDEAL-GAS TABLES FOR OBLIQUE-SHOCK FLOW PARAMETERS IN AIR AT MACH NUMBERS FROM 1.05 TO 12.0 By John S. Dennard and Patricia B. Spencer Langley Research Center Langley Station, Hampton, Va. NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION For sale by the Office of Technical Services, Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C. 20230 -- Price $3.00 IDEAL-GAS TABLES FOR OBLIQUE-SHOCK FLOW PARAMBTERS IN AIR AT MACH NUMBERS FROM 1.05 10 12.0 By John $. Dennard and Patricia B. Spencer SUMMARY ObLique-shock tables are presented for air with initial Mach numbers from 1,05 to 12.0 and flow-deflection angles from 0° up to the maximm turning angle for attached flow. Paraneters presented are flow-deflection angle, shock-wave angle, total-pressure ratio, static-pressure, density, and temperature ratios, downstream Mach nunber, ratio of downstream velocity to maximum velocity, and increase in entropy. Perfect-gas equations have been used throughout these calcu lations. The tabulated values of shock angle in tables 503.111 and 503.211 of NAVORD Report 1488 (vol. 2) were used as source date and the computations were thereby simplified considerably. ‘INTRODUCTION The determination of the flow conditions existing downstream of @ weak oblique shock ie often required in the study of supersonic-flow phenomena. The basic equations governing the flow across an oblique wave are well known and have been published in many papers. (See, for instance, refs. 1 to 4.) Several papers have tabulated or plotted these oblique-shock flow parameters (refs. 2, 3, 4, and 5) using Mach number and shock angle as primary paraneters. The arrangement of these tables is due to the fact that no convenient explicit relations exist with Mach number and deflection angle as primary parameters. The tables of ref- erence 6 give solutions for several Mach numbers between 3 and 30 at deflection- angle increments of 1°. It is often the case, however, that a supersonic design problem will, at a given initial Mach number, require the solution of the flow conditions downstream of a series of fixed flow deflections which will determine the values of the other parameters. A problem of this type requires tables vith closely spaced Mach munber increments and an extensive set of flow parancters across the shock. This is particularly true in the design of supersonic inlet @igfusers. In such a case it is necessary either to resort to extensive inter- polation if existing tables are used or to be content with a lover degree of pre- cision if charts are used. The present tables present Mach number and flow deflection as primary parameters. These parameters together with the shock-vave angle, as tabulated In reference 7, are used to determine the ratios of total. pressire, static pressure, density, and temperature, entropy rise, downstrean Mach number, and downstream ratio of local velocity to maximm velocity for Oblique-shock waves. Tais paper is essentially a rearrangement and extension of reference 3 and parts of reference 6. SYMBOLS M Mach munber > static pressure Be total pressure R gas constant, 1716 tt2/sec®-°R os inerease in entropy across shock, ft®/sec®-°R . static temperature = velocity In maximum velocity attainable by expanding to absolute zero temperature " ratio of local velocity to maxim velocity B — angle between downstream flow direction and shock wave, € - 6, eg Y ratio of specific heats, 1.0 for air 8 flov-deflection angle, deg Snax «maximum flow-deflection angle for attached flow, deg e shock-vave angle, deg ° static density Subscripts: a conditions upstream of shock 2 conditions downstream of shock SHOCK EQUATIONS The tables of sections 503.111 and 503.211 of reference 7 have provided e convenient starting point for the determination of the flow parameters across an oblique shock. These tables together with the perfect-gas oblique-shock equations found in reference 1 have been used to prepare the present set of oblique-shock tables. Figure 1 shows the relationship between the turning angle 6 and the shock-wave angle ¢. The pertinent equations of reference 1 in the present 2 Oiique ehosk wave Figure 1. Dingran showing the ASrection of the upstremn and dowmetresm Mach tunbers, deflection angle, and shock angle at an oblique shock. notation are repeated here for convenience. In each instance, the last form, substituting 1.4 for 7, has been used in the present computer program. 1+Leiit sine " sin@(e - 8) [ad sin®e - ty aq _ 1 + 0.2(v2 sin?) "e* ameCe= Opie ota) - 0-2] Wp = z @) TFT (3) ES e 1.16667(0% eine - 0.14286) (7 + Une sine fe PL (7 - 1 sine +2 (4) eter Po, Pag PL , 2 % [ent sin®e - (7 - »] lv = Mp sine + al Pf a a (7 + 1)98 sin®e PofPy Pe2 2 Pel 7 te 95.5515(M sin ¢) Per (5.6 wine - 0,8)"7(1 + ova inte)? : 5 I? P; a 3 1 2) (P1 AS = R 1og,(st2) = R 10g,|(22) (22 ofa) sie) mM (5.6@ sine - 0.8)" 95.5515(m, sin ¢)! (a + ag 48 = 1716 log, ‘These equations were programed for and computed on the IBM 1620 at Lengley Research Center. COMPUTER PROGRAM The flow parameters identified in the section "Shock Equations" have been programed for and computed on the IBM 1620 data processing system at the Langley Research Center. A print-out of the program and a flow chart for the program are presented in this section and in figure 2. A discussion of input and output for the progran is also incluled. ‘The program, which is written in FORTRAN language (ref. 8), uses the final forms of the identifying shock equations in computing the parameters. An initial value of 0° is assumed for the turning angle, and increments of either 0.5° or 1° are allowable up to the maximum angle for attached flow. The symbols used for this program are as follows: AM ay be Mp DEL 8 FEO DELIS AS EPS €, deg K number of values of 6 L specifies increment of 8 PREST Pe, o/b RHO yo SPE €, radians STAT Poy ENP 1% W Wo sins Eesti tt en,wern| Wine oe) ee) Figure 2. Flov chart for program. Description of Program Input.- The input to the program is of two types. The first type is read into the TBM 1620 data processing system by the FORTRAN statement: READ 200,AM,DELMX,K,L 200 FORMAT (2H12.5, 15,13) If L is 1, the increment is taken as 1°; if it is 0, the increment is 0.5°. The value of K may not exceed 48, ‘The second type is read into the machine by ‘the FORTRAN statements: DOI9L = 1,K,6 19 READ 20,EPS(I) ,EPS(I+1) ,EPS( 1+), EPS( 1+5), EPS(I+4), EPS(1+5) 20 FORMAT (6812.5) The program takes up to 48 values of ¢. The input values of yay and € are in degrees and are converted to radians within the program. Output.- For each Mach number the ansvers are in to groups, with 48 lines of print-out devoted to each group. In printing out the answers, a special band was placed on the printer so that it would give 48 lines per page, and therefore print each of the two groups of answers for a given Mach number on separate pages. The values of 6 and ¢ are printed out in degrees. For purposes of reproduction, the two pages of print-out for each Mach number were combined in ‘the present tables. jlete program.- The following program has been used on the TEM 1620 data processing system at the Langley Research Center. DISCUSSION OF TABLES Solutions of equations (1) to (7) are presented in tabular form for Mach num- ders from 1.05 to 5 in steps of 0.05 and for Mach numbers from 5 to 12 in steps of 0.1. (See table I.) The flow-deflection engle is varied from 6 to Snax for attached shock waves in steps of 0.5° from Mach 1.05 to 1.95 and in steps of 1° from Mach 2.0 to 12.0, These increments do not exhaust the source tables of reference 7 for Mach numbers less than 5; however, a simple interpola- tion should provide satisfactory results for intermediate points throughout table I. In the Mach number range from 1.05 to 1.95, the tables use increments of 0.5° tor b: These valuce of 8 do uot appear in reference 7 and accurete values of c''tn thie range vere deterained te feLlove! Ee was necessary vo snverpolate in the tables for the values of ¢ corresponding to the 3” values of 8. To insure accuracy, this interpolated value of ¢ together with values 0.01° larger tnd canlier wore used to conmute, cif the destyed valus of "0. was not Drecke eted by these computations, ¢ was increased or decreased as necessary until 6 tus bracketed. the value Of ‘« "union eorseqponded most nearly to the desired value of 6 was then used for input data. In a few cases, at flow angles near detachment, this same process was used to determine ¢€ to the nearest 0.001°. For each of the Mach numbers considered, the values of 6, €, Mp, Wo, Be, Pe, 72, 7.2, ana AS are presented in table I. ALL parancters ere pre i Ore ie ce sented ac five-digit mumbers followed by the letter B with a plus or minus sien and two more digits. ‘The five-digit number is not rounded off in the last figure. The "E" notation refers to the exponent of 10 by which the five-digit number must de miltiplied in order to place the decimal correctly. Although the IBM 1620 will compute and read out 6 significant figures, the tables present only 5 figures because of the limitations imposed by the input information. The tables of reference 7 give values of ¢ to only two decinals for all values of 8 except Snax. Calculations were made to determine the max- imum possible error that would result from having rounded off ¢ by 40,0059, Toese errors were then used to determine the accuracy which could be guaranteed in the tables. The results are as follows: wal»fle)2)]2] 2) B]o 2) mh | a | h |} ma | 2 1 3 3 4 y 4 5 2 2 22 & i a y 4 § 4 12 1 3 3 3 5 4 4 oF 12 dh y 3 4 5 4 4 5 It should be noted that the input ¢ will generally not have been rounded off by .005° and the tables will be more accurate than this analysis as mech as x indicates. These tables do not include real-gas effects and should be used with caution in regions where real-gas effects can cause appreciable devietions fron the perfect-gas calculations. A discussion of imperfect-gas effects my be found in Teference 1 and the effects of a real gas on oblique-shock waves may be found in references 6, 9, and 10. Effects of varying the specific heat and applications to real-gas flows my be found in reference 11 vhere similarity parameters vere used to correlate many of the oblique-shock flow paraneters. CONCIUDING REMARKS Obligue-shock tables are presented for air with initiel Mach numbers from 1,05 to 12,0 and flow-deflection angles from 0° up to the maximum turning angle for attached flow. Parameters presented are flow-deflection angle, shock-wave angle, total-pressure ratio, static-pressure, density, and temperature ratios, downstream Mach number, ratio of downstream velocity to maximum velocity, and inerease in entropy. Perfect-gas equations have been used throughout these calculations. Langley Research Center, National Aeronautics an@ Space Administration, Langley Station, Hampton, Va., August 22, 1963. REFERENCES Ames Research Staff: Equations, Tables, and Charts for Compressible Flow. NACA Rep. 1135, 1953. (Supersedes NACA TN 1428.) Ivey, H. Reese, Stickle, George W., and Schuettler, Alberta: Charts for Determining the Characteristics of Sharp-Nose Airfoils in Two-Dimensional Flow at Supersonic Speeds. NACA TN 113, 1947. Neice, Mary M.: Tables and Charts of Flow Parameters Across Oblique Shocks. NACA IN 1673, 1948. Ferri, Antonio: Blements of Aerodynamics of Supersonic Flows. The Macmillan Co., 1949. Moeckel, We B., and Connors, J. F.: Charts for the Determination of Supersonic a Flow Against Inclined Planes and Axially Symmetric Cones. WACA TN 1373, 1947. ‘Trimpi, Robert L., and Jones, Robert A.: A Method of Solution With Tabulated Results for the Attached Oblique Shock-Wave System for Surfaces at Various Angles of Attack, Sweep, and Dihedral in an Equilibrium Real Gas Including the Atmosphere. NASA TR R-63, 1960. non. Handbook of Supersonic Aerodynamics. NAVORD Rep. 1486 (vol. 2), Bur. Ordnance, Oct. 1, 1950. McCracken, Daniel D. A Guide to FORTRAN Programming. John Wiley & Sons, Ines, c-1961+ Huber, Paul W.: Tables and Graphs of Normal-Shock Paraneters at Hypersonic Mach Numbers and Selected Altitudes. NACA TN 4352, 1958. Moeckel, Wolfgang B.: Oblique-Shock Relations at Hypersonic Speeds for Air in Chemical Equilibrium. NACA TM 3695, 1957. Bertram, Mitchel H., and Cook, Barbara $.: The Correlation of Oblique Shock Parameters for Ratios of Specific Heats From 1 to 5/3 With Application to Real Gas Flows. NASA TR R-171, 1963. ‘ ‘ A & | xa | & & | * “ ® # aa | m= Los sreiSeecea | Feazoe tot pega | Hae: Sees secre 2 oi | 1rosa3e-0| osove3e-01 | 6220606-9) wy Le asoesst | tstsrrezon | avserotoat | feessse=oe | sosveecas|| tscrseemss | sevoauecot | sr7epne=08 12 ‘MOLE T.~ ORLIGIE-SH0CK MAES POR ATEACHED FLOW y = 1.8 ~ Continued [oe symeaE together wich the plus or ine at ant the tye ‘cllnits latte rpremst toe Gprest of bo by wich ter SR Richsalal Zo entero psce te decal corsectig] 2, <, % % B Ey BR Pua a ee ag as oy a Ra eee? wen ee S| ee CEES | hese ‘Honcas-o0 | Stasooess1 Hssouecoe | Hesetecoa | {Zaeze-o0)| araenae=n1 | sratasemoo Scesenecso| Scesaneca: | ssassnecey insects | tSsezecod | tcerese-es | stasesecg, | Suiasse- | my =130 Eigeane=c0 | stimiseso: | ftangvecne | erersaenot | 1 ro5i3e~o6!| t resese~o0 Siososecet | estoce=o8 Sriszeets) roe=st | i Steoesme0 | {ci tese=00 5Sesoec0e | $4ezees0: | 151 Souecos | asseinenos | tresaae=os | jstatae-os | !sesear=o9 | sveaoge=o1 reczorsaa | essaveevo! | srasazemol | Scps0s6-01 oagao0 |itisa%e-o9 |grstorensL 3 ‘ASte £.~ CRLEQHE-SH0CK TABLES YOR ATUADEED FLOW 7 «2.4 Continued tes 2 gras win tess or nme ses hoe Ors iking Hugh tpeeact tae agense of top vaden the aber SED CMGEE TICS i Gt" Sete a o ba ee 4 Pus a fa |* Bla | & | Rt Age aslononeres | ¢Iuuaoennt | {258erecc0 | settarecas | | lonene=oe | tsaronecos | U2oeme=-o aitnzee-o3 Siocosense | gieascetar | or seuseoot | sraszueccs | trersaen9o | jseneee-ap | 1steane. Betien w= 2to Stiboascng | elzrrerset | sisesiecos | srazesenss | poeise oo | {tsazgenag | iinsaccea| tne or ‘GLE T.~ OBLIGIE-SH00K DELES YOR APTACHED FLW 7 = 2.4 - Contin (Boe ayeten together with the plus or in sign end the v0 ‘olloving dipice represent the expovent of 10'bY taieh the mer bist be multiplied tn order te place the desiaal correcty] ntas oe a % % z # z zw | oe 15 [TARE I. CALIQUE-SEOCR TARLES POR AMIGHED FLOW 7 1. Continued feb E toenter vith te hun or nlm lan athe to olTiite Sulit seferst tke apes sobs the eter SEESCESERILT I cnr place te estat rece) Oe % “ B 2 B ne | ee tee es, Me Me on a q ea mee 16 SAOUE T.~ OBLEGHE-S100KHASUES FOR APTACHED LGM 7 = 2.4 - Continued (ive syobon_B tognter with the plus or minis sles ant the tvo Yolloeing Uigite represent the exponent of 10'by Watch the mabe ‘Bust be sultipiied In onder to junoe the deteal eoceesty] Kets ® © te fe % Raa nt ee ae " a Vs AL q Fa ech Wy {NGLE £.+ CRLIQHE-SIOCKTAELES FOR ATGHED FLOW y + 1.8 ~ Continued (fe mabol_B toorther with the plu or sinus sige and the to following aigice rereasnt the expat of 10 by vhten the matber ‘bit be saltiphied in order to plnce the dectaal sotecsiy] ree oy o ‘ R % % Rue ne ace tee Me te Ly a q Ra et 18 {NGL T.~ OBLLQNE-SI00K TAMLRS FOR APTACEED FLW ye Lek = conttnaed fyeich_& together vith the place sist ain tote te OPt,Slvitgdugtn repreenetne lagen of 0 y ven te rnber STERLING ons to plas te ectnd cornet 7 So =) & a % “ z # z ies! | sane EOE URE) Daneel Sager # SEES | SERSSS | HRS |Sne| Se S| eas] cee civ cre a ister | Econ | itt ge| ciaee ais Eee Een | NERS | res ees | tee [teres (eme| Satie (et Sees (Ee | mee ENE [eres | eames Sueees| Peete Peers (Ses! [ieee es | eters | es |e | eeecas| Chee | ene 19 {ABLE 1,~ OBLIQEE-S0K TABLES FoR ATTACHED FLOM 7 = 1.4 ~ Conttmoed fysbol B together with the plus or sine alen ard the eve ‘Toltoving digien represent the exponent of 10"y volch the mer fist be Sultiplind I orter go piace the cecil eozveetiy] _ % ie “ ® ® Fue at ace te ‘e a Ly aq Pea 002 fscstese| saatecell|essioee feiesaa| tasers EBC RUE petgatee potaauecal Pianwevee Hesse [ABLE Y= OMLIQIE SHOCK THALES FOR ATTACHED FLOW 7 = 2. me emen ‘olteving tigies repeseat ‘us op atnse alg sea the two ip ty vento tee mabe fiat be muleiplieg in orter to place the dtinal eoesect] Roe % oes % % # i = xt aL ‘Aa1s £.- oBLEQUE-SI08K BAELES FOR ATUACRED FLOW = 2.4 ~ ceetansed (Bie abel toorther vith the plus or sinus ote eo the to folloring digice reprewent the expect of 10 by vateh the tuber ‘Serbo Sultipites in order to pinee the Secheal sorrectly] mene Gi te Pye ne a % = a [Ra | aaa sseseecor fpretseevet |ittegsecee |ecezaiezo1 stocese-03 22 oe OMLEGIE-s10c HEKES YOR APUACHED FLOW. 7 = 2,4 - Continued Qe nyte. tomtiar withthe piano alg aus et Wo following agit reeves te Suen of 1'h7 wie tes pater sist be Satipiied in ier to pine te eeclnt some] wens oe a M% % z a 2 Seiaenge 1ese5er08 23 {MBLE T.~ OBLIQIE-SH0CK TABLES FOR ATTACHED FLOK 7 « Lb = contemsed (ve mabe B together vith the plus or mime ates an he tHe ‘olioving Sigiee represent the exponent of 10 by vilch the wisber ‘Sint be sultiphied tn onder to place the decid eorsee:ty) noe : . : A Ba a % % e q al ‘asus 1.~ ORLIQIE-S10K CAELIS FOR ABTAGHED FLW y + 2ob = Continues [Boe symiet E cogener vith the plus or ataus cian ‘following 4igite represent the exponent cf 10 BF ot ‘ma be suleiplied in orier to piace the Eeiaal oorrestiy] ants _ : “5, s E a he se CJ _ - o B a a Re ae etzaaer0o asoaeat Srbae2e-09| 25 Asus T.~ OBLEQIE-SloK SABLES FOR ATTACHED Flow 7 = 1.4 - Continued [ow eymtol B topther vith the plus or atnue stam act the 1 ‘lloving digits represent the txpocet of 10 by which the maser ‘et Ge sultdsiiel in order pues the dectaal soreetiy] 8, Be 8 cy Pee Pa & “s % “ # # x a | Se icoseea |

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