Guidance Doc O1 O2 O3 O4 Rev 01

NSAI
Guidance document for

trailers of category O1, O2, O3 and O4
For
National Vehicle Approvals

(NSSTA and IVA)
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 1 of 56

Guidance document for O1, O2, O3 and O4 trailers
Introduction
Statutory Instrument (S.I) 158 of 2009 (EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES (ROAD VEHICLES:
TYPE-APPROVAL) REGULATIONS 2009) as last amended outlines the individual areas of
compliance required for national approval for vehicles and trailers in Ireland. This S.I was transposed
into Irish legislation giving effect to European framework directive 2007/46/EC.
NSAI as the Irish Approval Authority can issue a Type Approval Certificate if satisfied that the
vehicle/trailer meets all the relevant requirements as in the S.I. The approval is issued based on
supporting technical documents submitted by the applicant and inspection of the vehicle/trailer at an
NSAI Approved Test Centre (ATC). A pre-requisite for submitting a type approval application to NSAI
may be that the applicant is an Approved Vehicle Body Builder (AVBB). More information on this can
be found on the NSAI website: www.nsai.ie
This document aims to outline the approval process and to assist the manufacturer/applicant and ATC
testers in assessing/designing the vehicle/trailer to meet the relevant legislative requirements. This
document is only intended as an aid to understanding the legislative requirements 1 and is for information
purposes only. Only the referenced legislation throughout this document has any legal effect. Where
possible, this document has hyperlinked the relevant EU/UNECE legislation.
For definitions see Annex II of 2007/46/EC (as hyperlinked above) or the separate legislative documents
linked throughout this document
1
https://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/automotive/legislation/motor-vehicles-trailers_en
https://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs0-20.html
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 2 of 56

Table of Contents
Application process ...................................................................................................................... 4
Flow chart of approval process .................................................................................................. 4
Approval documents ............................................................................................................................... 5
Area of compliance trailer inspected.......................................................................................... 6

General construction................................................................................................................... 7
Rear under run ............................................................................................................................ 8
Rear registration plate space..................................................................................................... 10
Steering effort ........................................................................................................................... 11
Braking ..................................................................................................................................... 12
Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) .................................................................................. 17
Statutory plates and Identification ............................................................................................ 18
Installation of lighting devices ................................................................................................. 20
Lateral protection ..................................................................................................................... 29
Spray suppression ..................................................................................................................... 35
Tyre installation........................................................................................................................ 46
Masses and dimensions ............................................................................................................ 48
Couplings.................................................................................................................................. 53
Appendix ..................................................................................................................................... 56
Sample ATC inspection report (s)
Brake response time (extract from UNECE R13)
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 3 of 56

Application process
Flow chart of approval process
Step 1: Manufacturer/applicant submits approval file to

Step 1: NSAI (drawings, photos, component approval
Applicant documents + all relevant technical documentation).
designs/manufacture's and Contact NSAI for information on application
submits approval file submission
tNSAI
Step 2: NSAI Preliminary/pre-ATC review. Transfers

2.NSAI relevant inspection document to requested ATC as
pre ATC specified by applicant at step 1 or requests additional
review information from applicant
Step 3: ATC carries out required inspection. If meets

Step 3. relevant requirements, ATC submits positive
ATC report/photos to NSAI and applicant or advises
applicant of area of non-conformance
Step 4: NSAI carries out final review on returned ATC

report(s). Application moved to generate IVA
certificate if in compliance with relevant requirements
or advises applicant of rejection
Step 3.
ATC Step 5: IVA certificate generated and issued to
applicant at step 1. May be used as a registration
document
-
0
3
Step- 5.
IVA Cert
2 issued
0
1
9
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 4 of 56

Application process
Approval documents to be submitted to NSAI by Applicant
Please contact NSAI directly prior to the submission of any approval application. NSAI has
developed software for the submission of type approval applications. Contact NSAI directly for
access.
The following list are some of the typical technical documents NSAI would expect with a trailer
application:
• Copy of the Incomplete Certificate of Conformity (COC) for the base trailer if built
in a multi stage approval
• Drawings and photos, specifications, bill of materials, photographs describing the
build (before, during and after)
• Photograph of the Statutory Plate.
• Detail and explanation of VIN/Unique identifier as engraved/marked on chassis and
statutory plate of trailer
• Photographs of finished trailer (front side and rear)
• Additionally added equipment type approval certificates/test reports e.g.:
- coupling documentation (King pin, draw bar eye, coupling head approval and
manufacturer documentation)
- lights/reflectors approval documents
- rear underrun documentation (type approval certificate/test report)
- lateral protection documentation (type approval certificate/test report)
- spray suppression and mudguard documentation (type approval certificate/test
report)
- type approval certificates for any additional electronic components
- Braking reports
O1, O2: With overrun inertia brakes- test report(s) for coupling head, report(s)
for braked axle(s) and compatibility report
O3, O3: Braking calculations, drawings and diagrams, test reports for axles,
reports on EBS / ABS and any other relevant information as regards braking
system
• Personnel competency certificate e.g. welding certification of person responsible for
welding in build, training certificates for braking component installation etc.
• Any other technically relevant documentation
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 5 of 56

Areas of compliance trailer inspected

Table below indicates the areas of compliance the trailer must meet for approval. This also outlines for the
ATC whether trailer needs to be coupled to towing vehicle or un coupled for inspection. Some items can be
done either way. These are evident in the last column to the right
Coupled
Item Category ATC test Coupled Un- or
Subject
No. applicable record Coupled un-
coupled
O1, O2
0
O3, O4
General construction TR-000 *
O1, O2
3
O3, O4
Rear under run R58 TR-003 *
O1, O2
4
O3, O4
Rear reg. plate space 1003/2010/EU TR-004 *
*
5 O3, O4 Steering effort R79 TR-005
See note 2
O1, O2
9
O3, O4
Braking (parking brake) R13 TR-009 *
9 O3, O4 Braking R13 TR-009 *
O1, O2 Electromagnetic Compatibility *
10 TR-010
O3, O4 (EMC) R10 See note 3
O1, O2
18
O3, O4
Plates (statutory) 19/2011/EU TR-018 *
O1, O2 Installation of lighting and light *
20 TR-020
O3, O4 signalling devices R48
21 See 20 Retro reflectors
End-outline front-position (side),
22 See 20
rear-position (side), stop, side marker
23 See 20 Direction indicators
24 See 20 Rear reg. plate lamps
28 See 20 Rear fog lamps
29 See 20 Reversing lamps
36 O3, O4 Heating systems R122 TR-036 *
*
42 O3, O4 Lateral protection R73 TR-042
See note 4
43 O3, O4 Spray-suppression 109/2011/EU TR-043 *
O1, O2
45
O3, O4
Safety glass R43 TR-045 *
O1, O2
46
O3, O4
Tyres 458/2011/EU TR-046 *
O1, O2 *
48
O3, O4
Masses &dimensions 1230/2012/EU TR-048
See note 1
O1, O2
50
O3, O4
Couplings R55 TR-050 *
O1, O2 Shall require additional tests and approvals not
56
O3, O4
ADR Trailers R105 included in this document
Note 1: When measuring up the trailer for masses and dimensions, for accuracy it is required that the
trailer is un coupled from the towing vehicle (with the exception of a physical manoeuvrability test if
required).
Note 2: If one or more of the axles are steered axles a physical steering test is required.
Note 3: Compliance can be demonstrated with EMC e marked electronic components
Note 4: For semi-trailer, may need to be uncoupled for dimension of king pin to front face of lateral rail
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 6 of 56

0. General Construction
Legislation
Statutory Instrument: 158 of 2009 as last amended by 280 of 2017
NSAI technical review and ATC physical inspection of trailer shall assess the general construction of the
trailer. Approval will not be issued if any element of the design or construction is deemed to be of in sufficient
quality or a danger to other road users
Below is a direct extract from Statutory Instrument 158 of 2009 (EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES (ROAD
VEHICLES: TYPE-APPROVAL) REGULATIONS 2009) as last amended as regards general construction
requirements. This list is not an exhaustive list of constructional requirements
1. All aspects of the design and construction of the vehicle and its equipment shall be such that no
danger is caused or likely to be caused to any person in the vehicle or on a road.
2. In particular, under all normal conditions likely to be encountered while the vehicle is being driven
on a road, including when the vehicle is loaded to its maximum gross weight and the axle weight of
any one axle equals its maximum permitted axle weight:
(a) it shall be possible to control the vehicle safely, taking account of the vehicle’s speed and
acceleration capabilities;
(b) it shall at all times be possible for the driver, while controlling the vehicle, to have a full view of
the road and traffic ahead of the vehicle;
(c) the clearance between any of the following parts of the vehicle, namely the tyres, wheels, other
rotating components associated with the transmission of engine power or braking, moveable parts of
the steering mechanism and fixed parts shall be sufficient to ensure no risk of fouling and the wheels
and wheel fixings shall be compatible;
(d) the vehicle structure (chassis or integral chassis-body), shall be so designed and constructed as to
withstand the forces and vibration to which it is likely to be subject;
(e) all entries and exits provided for the vehicle occupants (other than doors) shall be so designed as
to allow easy and safe use;
(f) all aperture covers (other than doors) including tail gates, boot and bonnet lids, shall be capable of
being securely latched in the fully closed position;
(g) the steering, suspension, axles and wheels shall be so designed, constructed and fitted as to
withstand the forces and vibration to which they are likely to be subject;
(h) the electrical system, including the battery, electrical components and wires, shall be securely
attached to the vehicle.
In particular, the maximum distance between attachments of wires, except those contained within
hollow components, shall be 300 mm and wires shall be so fitted and protected
as to avoid the risk of damage to insulation, such as abrasion.
All components shall be so constructed and fitted as to minimise the risk of corrosion and fire.
Examples of inspection failure:

• Poor quality material or design resulting in cracks
• Poor quality welding (welding certificates shall be requested)
• Poor wiring i.e. loose, insecure, uninsulated etc.
• Snag hazards along the side of vehicle/trailer of risk to other road users
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 7 of 56

3. Rear Underrun Protection (RUP)

Legislation:
EC Directive 70/221/EEC
UN Regulation: UNECE R58
Objective
All trailers must be so constructed and/or equipped as to offer effective protection over their whole width
against under running from the rear by a vehicle of categories M1and N1
O1 O2
Requirement:
The ground clearance of the rear part of the unladen vehicle does not exceed 550 mm over a width which is
not shorter than that of the rear axle by more than 100 mm on either side (excluding any tyre bulging
close to the ground)
O3 O4
Requirement:
A type approved rear underrun device, installed in accordance with rear underrun manufacturers installation
requirement and vehicle mounting points shall be required for category O3 /O4 trailers. This device may also
be in the configuration of a tail lift with integrated rear underrun.
If the trailer is so designed and/or equipped at the rear that, by virtue of their shape and characteristics, its
component parts can be regarded as replacing the rear underrun protective device. In this instance a test report
demonstrating that it meets requires strength needs to be submitted with application.
A= min. 100mm
B= max. 550mm unladen
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 8 of 56

ATC Inspection
When the trailer is being assessed at an ATC as regards its rear underrun protection, it is assessed
as regards:
• RUP is a type approved component. This is evident by an e-mark affixed to device (see Figure A
below)
• It’s rating is sufficient for the trailer fitted. The type approval certificate (item no 10, see figure B
below) shall state what is the maximum mass of vehicle it can be fitted to (unless its states
unlimited/test without limits which indicates it can be fitted to any trailer/vehicle).
• It’s installed as per manufacturers specification i.e. correct brackets, bolts (size, grade, torqued
correctly etc), connecting brackets are unmodified. See Figure C below as an example of installation
requirement from an RUP approval with drawings and bolt specification/torque requirement.
• It meets the dimensional requirements as regards ground clearance, width not exceeding width of rear
axle nor less that 200mm total either side and its distance inboard of body does not exceed 400mm
(ATC report (TR-003) outlines dimensions to be checked and limitations)
Figure A (sample of E mark on a RUP device)
Figure B (extract from RUP approval certificate, item no 10)
Figure C (extract from RUP installation requirements)
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 9 of 56

Examples of inspection failure:

• Brackets of component approved rear under run been modified
• Not installed as per manufacturers requirement i.e. not enough or incorrect bolts, not torqued correctly
• Not meeting installation dimensional requirements i.e. ground clearance ≤ 550mm or wider than rear
most axle or shorter than rearmost axle by more than 100m either side, recessed too far under body
4. Rear registration plate space
Legislation
EC Directive: 70/222/EEC
EU Regulation: 1003/2010/EU
Objective
To provide required space at the rear of the vehicle for the mounting and fixing of rear registration plates
Requirement
The space for mounting shall comprise an even or virtually even rectangular surface with the following
minimum dimensions:
Either: 520 x 120mm or
340 x 240mm
Positioning:
The centre point of the plate may not be situated to the right of the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the
vehicle.
The left-hand edge of the plate may not be situated to the left of the vertical plane which is parallel to the
longitudinal plane of symmetry and touches the extreme outer edge of the vehicle.
The plate shall be perpendicular, or practically perpendicular, to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the
vehicle.
The height of the lower edge of the plate from the ground shall not be less than 0·30 metres; the height of the
upper edge of the plate from the ground shall not be more than 1·20 metres.
ATC Inspection (TR-004)

When the trailer is being assessed at an ATC as regards having the space for a registration plate, it shall be
checked as above that there is a holder for the plate, in the correct location and visible. It is also required that
it is sufficiently illuminated (more on this at item 20 below, installation of lights/lamps)
Examples of failure:
• Plate size not the required dimension
• Not installed in correct location
• Not illuminated correctly with a UNECE Regulation No. 4 approved lamp
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 10 of 56

5. Steering effort
Legislation
EC Directive: 70/311/EEC as last amended
Objective
If any of the axles are steered axles, approval of a trailer with regard to its steering equipment.
Requirement
The steering system shall ensure easy and safe handling of the vehicle
The trailer must travel without excessive deviation or unusual vibration in its steering equipment when the
towing vehicle is travelling in a straight line on a flat and horizontal road
With the towing vehicle and trailer having adopted a steady state turn corresponding to a turning circle radius
of 25 m (see figure 2 below) at a constant speed of 5 km/h, the circle described by the rearmost outer edge of
the trailer shall be measured. This manoeuvre shall be repeated under the same conditions but at a speed of 25
km/h ± 1 km/h. During these manoeuvres, the rearmost outer edge of the trailer travelling at a speed of 25
km/h ± 1 km/h shall not move outside the circle described at a constant speed of 5 km/h by more than 0.7 m.
See figure 2 below
No part of the trailer shall move more than 0.5 m beyond the tangent to a circle with a radius of 25 m when
towed by a vehicle leaving the circular path described in paragraph item 3 above. along the tangent and
travelling at a speed of 25 km/h.
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 11 of 56

5. Steering effort
ATC Inspection (TR-005)
The two figures above (figure 2 and 3) show the turning circle that the towing vehicle and the trailer must
carry out.
Test area requirements:
The tests outlined above must be performed in a flat open area test site, marked out accordingly with
minimum dimension of 65m x 65m to allow space for manoeuvrability tests.
For the ATC to determine that the trailer has performed the same turning circle (within limits specified), it is
required that a liquid bottle of a visible liquid is positioned on the rear left corner of the trailer. This liquid
should leave a trail on the route specified so that when the cycle is repeated it can check to see that the liquid
on 2nd cycle traces the first within the limits allowed (see distance between R 1 and R2 as in figure 2 above)
9. Brakes
Legislation
EC Directive 71/320/EEC as last amended
UN Regulation: UNECE-R13
Objective
That the trailers braking system meets minimum braking requirements (O1 optional, O2 mandatory)
Requirement (O1, O2)
If a category O1 or O2 trailer is fitted with inertia (over run) braking systems, the following is required to
show compliance with braking requirements:
• Technical reports for the overrun device and the brakes (appendix 2 and 3 of Annex VIII of
71/320/EEC or UNECE R13). The manufacturer of the braked axles and over run coupling device
must supply you with this.
• Compatibility report between overrun device and brake (appendix 4 of Annex VIII of 71/320/EEC).
This can also be supplied from the manufacturer of the braked axles and over run device. It provides
evidence that the overrun device and brakes are compatible for the mass of the trailer
• Braking systems shall activate if the coupling separates when in motion. For trailers less than 1.5 tons
a breakaway cable which gives residual steering action on the trailer in the event of separation shall
meet the above requirement
• Parking brake test on an 18-degree gradient
• Check to see if reverse is capable with towing vehicle
• Visual assessment of the sliding members of the control device to ensure it is long enough to enable
the brake to be fully applied, even when the trailer is coupled. The sliding members shall be protected
by a bellows or some equivalent device.
Please note that the above is a summarised version for information purposes only showing main requirements
for inertia braking systems. Alternative braking systems and requirements can also be considered (see
legislation above)
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 12 of 56

9. Brakes
ATC Inspection (O1, O2 Inertia overrun brakes)

The applicant/trailer manufacturer, if fitted over run inertia brakes to the trailer, should have received two test
reports and a compatibility report to connect both from the axle/ coupling head supplier. NSAI shall seek
these before scheduling any ATC inspection. These reports outline what the maximum mass of the trailer can
be.
When ordering these parts ensure they are spec’d for the design mass of trailer intended. Ensure that all
components of the braking system are installed as per manufacturer installation requirements
The ATC shall do a visual inspection of the linkage roads, bellows and all connections. The coupling plate
and axle plate should refence the test reports specified above. ATC shall verify this.
The ATC shall also carry out a parking brake test. This requires the fully laden trailer (loaded to the maximum
design weight) to be held on an 18-degree gradient with the trailer uncoupled and hand brake applied. The
applicant/manufacturer must present the trailer at an ATC laden or with the possibility of making it laden for
this test
Legislation
Objective
That the trailers braking system meets minimum braking requirements (O3, O4 mandatory)
Requirement (O3, O4)
Note:
Approved axles and braking equipment installed as per manufacturers installation requirements. These
approved components should come with a test report to show that they have the relevant tests carried out on
them (Type 0 and Type III). Without these reports a full brake test as per UNECE R13 shall be required at an
accredited technical service
Service brake
1. The vehicle must be fitted with a service braking system that is completely independent of the
control of the parking brake, capable of functioning on all wheels by a single means of operation,
which will gradually increase or reduce the braking force through action of the control.
2. The ‘service’ braking system must be capable of being operated from the driving seat, whilst keeping
both hands on the steering wheel. This does not apply to the controls for use by a disabled driver,
providing the adaptation allows him/her to control the steering at all times while operating either
braking system.
3. The ‘service’ braking system must be capable of being operated to slow down the vehicle when it is
moving in a forward or reverse direction.
Secondary
4. The vehicle must be fitted with a split (dual) circuit brake system with each part of the system operating on
at least 50% of the wheels (on each side), capable of operating in the event of a failure of the service brake or
its power assistance. Vehicles equipped to tow braked trailers must be fitted with a trailer brake valve.
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 13 of 56

9. Brakes
Parking
5. The ‘parking’ braking system must be capable of being operated from the driving seat, whilst
keeping one hand on the steering wheel.
6. The ‘parking’ braking system must be capable of being operated and released whether the vehicle is
stationary or moving.
7. The ‘parking’ braking system must be capable of being operated on at least 50% of the wheels
enabling the vehicle to be held on an up or down gradient even in the absence of the driver.
8. The ‘parking’ braking system must be capable of being operated using a control which is
independent of the service brake, and once applied capable of being maintained in the ‘on’ position
solely by mechanical means.
Additional Requirements for Trailers
1. Trailers of category O1 need not be fitted with a service braking system; however,
if trailers of this category are equipped with a service braking system, this shall comply with the same
requirements as those of category O2.
2. Trailers of categories O1 and O2 with a maximum mass greater than 1500kg shall be fitted with a
breakaway cable. The following requirements apply
• The breakaway cable shall apply the trailer brakes in the event of detachment.
o For unbraked O1 trailers it is enough for the unbraked O1 trailer to be fitted with a
breakaway cable which, in the event of detachment, can stop the drawbar from
touching the ground and provide some residual steering action of the trailer.
• The breakaway cable shall be fitted with an attachment device that enables the cable to be
fitted to any suitable drawing vehicle.
• The breakaway cable shall be fitted with a guide to ensure that the brake is applied with the
trailer at any towing angle in the event of detachment.
3. Every trailer of category O2 shall be fitted with a service braking system either of the continuous or semi-
continuous type or of the inertia (overrun) type.
4. Every trailer of category O3 or O4 shall be fitted with a service braking system of the continuous or semi-
continuous type.
5. The service braking system shall act on all the wheels of the trailer.
6. The action of the service braking system shall be suitably distributed among the axles.
7. The action of every braking system shall be distributed between the wheels of each axle symmetrically in
relation to the longitudinal median plane of the vehicle.
8. The braking surfaces required to attain the prescribed degree of effectiveness shall be in constant contact
with the wheels, either rigidly or through components not liable to failure.
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 14 of 56

9. Brakes
9. Wear of the brakes shall be easily compensated by a system of manual or automatic adjustment. In addition,
the control and the components of the transmission and of the brakes shall possess a reserve of travel and if
necessary, suitable means of compensation such that, when the brakes become heated or when the brake
linings have reached a certain degree of wear, effective braking shall be ensured without immediate
adjustment being necessary.
10. Wear adjustment shall be automatic for the service brakes. However, the fitting of automatic adjustment
devices is optional for vehicles of categories O1 and O2.
Automatic wear adjustment devices shall be such that after heating followed by
cooling of the brakes, effective braking is still ensured. In particular, the vehicle shall remain capable of
normal running after the tests conducted in accordance with Annex II, point 1.3 (Type I test) and Annex II,
point 1.6 (Type III test).
11. It shall be possible to easily check the wear on service brake linings from the outside or underside of the
vehicle, utilising only the tools or equipment normally supplied with the vehicle; for instance, by the provision
of appropriate inspection holes or by some other means.
12. The braking systems shall be such that the trailer is stopped automatically if the coupling separates while
the trailer is in motion. However, this requirement does not apply to trailers with a maximum mass not
exceeding 1.5 metric tons provided that the trailers are fitted, in addition to the main coupling, with a
secondary coupling (chain, cable, etc.), which, in the event of separation of the main coupling, can stop the
drawbar from touching the ground and provide some residual steering action on the trailer.
13. On every trailer which is required to be fitted with a service braking system, parking braking shall be
ensured even when the trailer is separated from the towing vehicle. It shall be possible for a person standing
on the ground to actuate the parking braking system; however, in the case of a trailer used for the carriage of
passengers, it shall be possible to actuate this braking system from inside the trailer. The expression ‘actuate’
also covers the action of releasing.
14. If the trailer is fitted with a device enabling compressed-air actuation of the braking system, other than the
parking braking system, to be cut out, the device shall be so designed and constructed that is positively
restored to the ‘at rest’ position not later than on the resumption of the supply of compressed air to the trailer.
15. Trailers of categories O3 and O4 fitted with a two-line air supply system. In the case of a fracture or leak
in one of the air supply lines (or in such other type of connection as may be adopted), it shall nevertheless be
possible for the driver to fully or partially actuate the trailer brakes, by means either of the service braking
system control or of the secondary braking system control or of the parking braking system control, unless the
fracture or leak automatically causes the trailer to be braked with the following braking performance:
• The automatic braking performance in the event of a total pressure loss in the air supply line,
when testing the laden vehicle from 40 km/h, shall not be less than 13.5 % of the maximum
stationary wheel load.
• Wheel-locking at performance levels above 13.5 % is permitted.
16. Trailers of categories O3 and O4 shall be equipped with anti-lock systems in accordance with the Anti-
Lock Braking System requirements of EC Directive 71/320/EC and or UNECE R13.
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 15 of 56

9. Brakes
17. If trailers not mentioned in point 15. Above are fitted with anti-lock systems, they shall comply with the
Anti-Lock Braking System requirements of EC Directive 71/320/EC and or UNECE R13.
18. The auxiliary equipment shall be supplied with energy in such a way that during its operation, the service
braking energy storage device(s) shall be maintained at a pressure of at least 80 % of the minimum towing
vehicle supply pressure of at least 7 bar (1).
19. In the event of a break or leak from the auxiliary equipment or any associated pipes, the sum of the forces
exerted at the periphery of the braked wheels shall be at least 80 % of the value prescribed for the trailers as
outlined below:
• If the service braking system is of the continuous or semi-continuous type, the sum of the
forces exerted at the periphery of the braked wheels shall be at least X % of the maximum
stationary wheel load, X having the following values:
o Full trailer, laden and unladen 50%

o Semi-trailer, laden and unladen 45%
o Centre-axle trailer, laden and unladen 50%
• Where the trailer is fitted with a compressed-air braking system, the pressure in the control
line shall not exceed 6.5 bar (1) and the pressure in the supply line shall not exceed 7.0 bar (1)
during the brake test.
(1) The pressures specified here are relative pressures measured in bars.
Response Time (extract from Annex 4 of R13)

4. Response time
4.1. Where a vehicle is equipped with a service braking system which is totally or partially dependent on a
source of energy other than the muscular effort of the driver, the following requirements shall be satisfied:
4.1.1. In an emergency manoeuvre, the time elapsing between the moment when the control device begins to
be actuated and the moment when the braking force on the least favourably placed axle reaches the level
corresponding to the prescribed performance shall not exceed 0.6 seconds
4.1.2. In the case of vehicles fitted with compressed-air braking systems, the requirements of paragraph 4.1.1.
above are considered to be satisfied if the vehicle complies with the provisions of Annex 6 to this Regulation.
4.1.3. In the case of vehicles fitted with hydraulic braking systems, the requirements of paragraph 4.1.1. above
are considered to be satisfied if, in an emergency manoeuvre, the deceleration of the vehicle or the pressure at
the least favourable brake cylinder, reaches a level corresponding to the prescribed performance within 0.6
seconds.
See Appendix below for additional information on response times and testing
ATC Inspection
The ATC shall carry out a roller brake test to record the braking effort and calculate the braking efficiency.
See IVA test manual “Inspection and Test Procedures for Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA)” for full test
requirements and ATC report TR009 in appendix below for additional information and ATC inspection
checklist
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 16 of 56

10. Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC)
Legislation
Objective
The ability of a vehicle to function satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environment without introducing
intolerable electromagnetic disturbances to anything in that environment
Requirement
All electronic components added during the build must have the relevant component type approval as per
legislation above. The relevant components must be approved to the EMC legislation and installed in
accordance with manufacturers installation instructions
ATC Inspection
ATC can visually assess the vehicle or trailer to check that all additional electronic components have the
correct e-mark on device.
See photo image below of an example of an EMC approval marking
Examples of devices on trailers which would require an EMC approval marking would be:
• Refrigeration units for conditioned trailers
• LED lamps
• Brake modulator for electronic braking systems (O3, O4)
Example of an EMC approval mark on device
The example sample approval marking below indicates 10R in the marking which means the device is
approved to UNECE R10. The “05” indicates the amending series of R10 which device was tested to. It is
only a sample marking, hence the “XXXX”. If an actual approval marking this would be a sequential number
as issued by the Approval Authority (E24 below indicates the Irish Approval Authority)
Example of failure
• Component not having EMC E mark on device
• Component having an E mark but to an early version of the regulation e.g. in the sample approval
number in the image above, if the amending series was “02” and not “05” this would be a fail as the
minimum amending series is “03”
• Device not installed correctly (see general construction section 0 above)
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 17 of 56

18. Manufacturer’s Statutory plates and identification (Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)/Unique
Identifier)
Legislation
Objective
manufacturer’s statutory plate’ means a plate or label, affixed by the manufacturer on a vehicle that provide
the main technical characteristics which are necessary for the identification of the vehicle and provides the
competent authorities with the relevant information concerning the permissible maximum laden masses
vehicle identification number’ (VIN) means the alphanumeric code assigned to a vehicle by the manufacturer
in order to ensure proper identification of every vehicle
Requirement (Manufacturer’s Statutory plates)

1.1. Each trailer shall be fitted with the manufacturer’s statutory plate described legislation above.
1.2. The manufacturer’s statutory plate shall be affixed by the trailer manufacturer or his representative.
1.3. The manufacturer’s statutory plate shall consist either of:
(a) a rectangular sheet of metal;
(b) a rectangular self-adhesive label.
1.4. Metallic plates shall be fastened with rivets.
1.5. Labels shall be tamper evident, fraud resistant and self-destructive in case there is an attempt to remove
the label.
The following information shall be printed indelibly on the manufacturer’s statutory plate in the order listed:
(a) the manufacturer’s company name;
(b) the whole vehicle type-approval number;
(c) the vehicle identification number/Unique Identifier;
(d) the technically permissible maximum laden mass;
(e) the technically permissible maximum mass of the combination;
(f) the technically permissible maximum mass on each axle listed in order from front to rear. The technically
permissible maximum static vertical mass on the coupling point shall be mentioned. The coupling point shall
be deemed the first axle and be numbered ‘0’
1.6. The height of the characters shall not be less than 4 mm
Example of Manufacturer’s Statutory plate (as per requirements above)
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 18 of 56

18. Manufacturer’s Statutory plates and identification (Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)/Unique
Identifier)
Requirement
A VIN shall be marked on each vehicle.
The VIN shall be unique and unequivocally attributed to a particular vehicle.
The VIN shall be marked on the chassis or the vehicle when the vehicle leaves the production line.
The manufacturer shall ensure the traceability of the vehicle by means of the VIN over a period of 30 years
The height of the characters of the VIN stamped on the chassis shall be no less than 7 mm.
There shall be no space between the characters.
The use of the letters ‘I’, ‘O’ or ‘Q’ shall not be permitted.
Example of VIN structure
Additional information
NSAI are also the competent body for issuing a WMI (world manufacturer identifier) for manufactures
located in Ireland. These are issued in accordance with ISO 3780: 2009 “Road Vehicle- World manufacturer
identifier (WMI) code”
More information on this can be found on the NSAI website:
https://www.nsai.ie/certification/automotive/transport-schemes/world-manufacturer-identifier/
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 19 of 56

20. Installation of lighting and light signalling devices
Legislation
UN Regulation: UN ECE R48
Objective
Approval of a vehicle means the approval of a vehicle type with regard to the number and mode of installation
of the lighting and light-signalling devices
Requirement
The requirements shall be limited to the installation of approved components as appropriate to the
location, of the requisite number, installed in the specified positions, with the required geometric
visibility and that operate in accordance with the technical requirements of UNECE Regulation 48.03.
General requirements
All obligatory and optional components must be securely fitted to the vehicle (see table below)
The vehicle must not be fitted with a lamp or retro reflective material capable of showing a red light to
the front.
The vehicle must not be fitted with a lamp or retro reflective material capable of showing a light other
than red to the rear* except for
• an amber light from a direction indicator
• a white light from a work lamp, reversing lamp, interior lamp, or a registration plate lamp
• a yellow light from a registration plate
• an amber light from a side marker light
• emergency vehicles only, a blue light from a warning lamp or beacon.
* an area the sides of which are at an angle of 15 degrees out from the extreme outer edge of the
vehicle, (starting from the rear corner) and extending up to 25mtrs from the rear of the vehicle
(measured along the vehicle longitudinal axis)
All lamps and reflectors fitted to the vehicle must not move by swivelling, deflecting or otherwise
while the vehicle is in motion, except for:
• any lamp or reflector which by design can be deflected to the side with the movement of the front
wheel or wheels of the vehicle when turned for the purpose of steering the vehicle
• a headlamp for adjustment or dipping of the beam
• a headlamp which can be retracted or concealed
• a work lamp, used to illuminate a working area or the scene of an accident, breakdown or road works
in the vicinity of the vehicle to which it is fitted.
When every door, tailgate, boot lid, or other movable part is in the fixed open position (any position in
which the component will remain, with or without a fixed stay) the
• front and rear position lamps
• front and rear indicators
• rear retro reflectors
must have part of the apparent surface visible
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 20 of 56


General requirements
Front Position:
Front and rear position, side marker, end outline marker, and rear registration lamps must be switched
on and off with one switch.
Rear Position:
Stop:
They must only illuminate when the service brake is applied, and must extinguish when the service
brake is released.
End Outline Marker:

Side Outline Marker:

Direction Indicators and Hazard Warning:

The indicators must flash at a rate of between 60 and 120 times a minute (with all mandatory indicators
working, and with the engine running if initially below the requirement).
There must be an audible or visual tell-tale fitted to indicate the operation of any Indicators.
The hazard warning lights must operate with the ignition switched on and off.
The hazard warning device must operate all of the direction indicators simultaneously.
The hazard warning device must have a tell-tale warning light.
Rear Registration:
Rear Fog:
The rear fog lamp(s) must only illuminate when dipped beam, main beam, or front fog lamps are lit.
The rear fog lamps must not be affected by switching on or off any other lamps (except those above).
Can be switched off independently of any other lamp.
Must be fitted with an operational “tell-tale” lamp (non-flashing) visible from the driving position.
Must not be operated by a brake control.
Fitted so that the reflector is facing squarely to the rear.
An optional rear fog lamp must form a matched pair with the obligatory lamp.
An optional rear fog lamp must only operate with the obligatory rear fog lamp.
Reversing:
They must emit white light.
They must be positioned to face the rear.
Reversing lamps must operate by selection of reverse gear, or be fitted with a telltale
warning device
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 21 of 56

Specific requirements
Function Colour Presence Number Arrangement Position* Geometric Visibility

ß=horizontal angle
α= vertical angle
Reversing White Mandatory 1 mandatory on No individual Width - no α =15° upwards and 5°
Lamp O2, O3,O4, O2, O3, O4 specification requirement downwards
(6.4 of Reg.48) optional on O1 trailers Height -above ß=45° to right and left if
trailers and 2nd 250 – below one device.
Reg. 23 mandatory 1200 mm 30°if two installed
Category AR length >6m
Direction Amber Mandatory 2 mandatory 2 rear Width: α = 15° upwards and
Indicators Category 2a or rear < 400mm from downwards
(6.5 Reg.48) 2b at rear + 2 optional edge ß=80° outwards and 45°
Reg. 6 Width-inner inwards
Optional edges not less
3 category 5 or than 600mm
1 category 6 apart. 400mm
per side if if overall width
length>9m trailer less
1300mm
Height: 350-
1500mm
Hazard Amber Mandatory 2 2 rear See direction See direction indicators
Warning indicators above
(6.6 Reg.48) above
Reg. 6
Stop Lamp Red Mandatory 2 no special Width α = 15° upwards and
(6.7 of Reg.48) Category S1 or arrangements <400mm to downwards
Reg. 7 S2 edge-inner ß=45° to right and left
edges not less
than 600mm
apart. 400mm
if overall width
trailer less
1300mm
H: 350-
1500mm
(2100mm if
1500mm not
possible)
Rear White Mandatory Such that the Such that the Such that the Such that the device
Registration device device device illuminates the plate
Plate Lamp Category L illuminates the illuminates the illuminates the
(6.8 R48) plate plate plate
Reg. 4
Front Position White Mandatory on 2 no special W: < 150mm α = 15° upwards and
Lamp trailers if arrangements from edge downwards
(6.9 Reg.48) > 1600mm H: 350- ß=80° outwards and 45°
Reg. 7 wide 2100mm inwards
Category A
Rear Position Red Mandatory 2, no special W: <400mm α = 15° upwards and
Lamp Category see R-48 arrangements H: 350- downwards
(6.10 Reg.48) RorR1orR2 1500mm ß=80° outwards and 45°
Reg. 7 (2100mm if inwards
1500mm not
possible)
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 22 of 56


Specific requirements
Function Colour Presence Number Arrangement Position* Geometric

Visibility
ß=horizontal
angle
α= vertical
angle
Rear Fog Red Mandatory 1 or 2 no special See R-48 α = 5° upwards
Lamp arrangements H: 250-1000mm and downwards
(6.11 Reg.48) Category ß=25° right
Reg. 38 F or F1 or F2 and left
End-Outline White Front, Mandatory if width 2 front, no special W: < 400mm α = 15° above
Marker Lamp Red Rear >2.1m 2 rear arrangements and as close as and below
(6.13 Reg.48) Category possible to edge ß=30° inwards
Reg. 7 A or AM (front) H: at max. and outwards
R,R1,R2,RM1orRM2 height
(Rear) compatible with
design
Rear Retro- Red Mandatory Apex of ▲ W: < 400mm α = 15° above
Reflector Category class IIIA directed H:250-900 or and below
Triangular or IIIB upwards 1200 or 1500 ß=30° inwards
(6.15 Reg.48) See R-48 and outwards
Reg. 3 2
Front Retro- White Mandatory No special W < 150mm α = 10° above
Reflector Non- Category class IA or arrangements H: 250-900mm and below
Triangular IB (1500mm if ß=30° inwards
(6.16 Reg.48) 900mm not and outwards
Reg. 3 2 possible)
Side Retro- Amber Mandatory See R-48 No special H: 250- α = 10° above
Reflector Non- Category class IA or arrangements 900mm(1500mm and below
Triangular IB if 900mm not ß=45° front
(6.17 Reg.48) possible) and to the rear
Reg. 3 L: fitted middle
third and
distance between
adjacent
reflectors
<3m.See R-48
Side-Marker Amber Mandatory if: > 6m See R-48 No special H: 250- α = 10° above
Lamps long, arrangements 900mm(1500mm and below
(6.18 Reg.48) Category SM1 if 900mm not ß=45° front
Reg. 91 possible) and to the rear
L: fitted middle
third and
distance between
adjacent
reflectors
<3m.See R-48
Conspicuity white/yellow Mandatory See R-48 See R-48 See R-48 See R-48
Markings side, if:>2100mm width
(6.21 Reg.48) O3, O4
Reg. 104 red Full contour
rear markings rear
>6mlong partial
contour to side
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 23 of 56

Explanatory notes on table above

The table above is an extracted tabular form of requirements from UNECE Regulation No. 48 “Installation of
lighting and light signalling devices”. It is intended for information purposes only and the actual legislation
should be reviewed for full requirements.
The 1st column from the left in green above “Function” indicates the function of the lighting device, its actual
reference in legislation UNECE Regulation No. 48 and also the Regulation the actual individual component
was approved to.
For example, for reversing lamp above, the actual installation requirement can be found under section 6.4 of
UNECE Regulation No. 48. The component reversing lamp was approved under legislation UNECE No.23
“Approval of Reversing Lamps for Power-Driven Vehicles and their Trailers”
The 2nd column from the left indicates the mandatory colour of the lamp or reflector
The 3rd column from the left indicates if its mandatory to be fitted or not. This is dependent on the category
and actual dimension of the vehicle
The 4th and 5th column from the left indicates the number and arrangement as applicable
The 6th column from the left indicates its dimension location as required
The 7th column from the left indicates the actual geometric visibility angles that must be evident after installed
on the vehicle
ATC Inspection
• The trailer shall be assessed at a suitable location, unladen and positioned as level as possible at the
ATC premises and connected to an appropriate towing vehicle
• The trailer shall be assessed as to having the correct number of approved lamps/reflectors as required,
installed in the correct location, have the required geometric visibility and correct operation/activation.
• To determine the correct location of lamps/reflectors:
- The height is the dimension from the ground directly horizontal to the centre of the
light emitting surface
- The width is the dimension from the edge of the trailer to the centre of the light
emitting surface
- When required to check the distance apart between two devices, this is the distance
from the centres of the light emitting surfaces of both devices
• To determine the geometric visibility of lamps/reflectors:
- Each relevant device shall be operated as required e.g. reversing lamp activated by
selection of reverse gear, brake lamp activated by brake pedal etc.
- The ATC inspector shall check that each lamp/reflector has the correct minimum
geometric visibility evident for each one. The ATC inspector shall check that from the
centre of reference of each lamp i.e. typically centre point of apparent surface of
device, that the horizontal and vertical angles are not obstructed by the design
- Suitable gauges shall be required for this check (see example of gauges below)
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 24 of 56

ATC Inspection
Example of gauges to be used for checking geometric visibility
See Appendix below for dimensioned CAD drawing of gauges for manufacture
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 25 of 56


ATC Inspection
Use gauges to be used for checking geometric visibility
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 26 of 56

Example of marking on lamps
Above is an example of an approval mark on a lamp cluster. The letter “F” indicates Fog lamp function, “2a”
indicates direction indicator function, “AR” indicates reversing lamp function, “R” indicates rear position
lamp function, “S1” indicates stop lamp function. The two digits directly underneath each letter indicates the
series of amendments it complies to. The “E9” in the circle is the country it was approved in. The number
underneath E9 “1432” is the sequential approval number assigned by the country which approved
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 27 of 56


Examples of failure at an ATC
• Devices in wrong location
• Not enough or too many devices fitted
• Geometric visibility not evident
• Device fitted to an area which may be obstructed by moving part e.g. tail gate or doors fitted where if
not closed obstruct/block off mandatory lamps/reflectors
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 28 of 56

42. Lateral protection
Legislation
UN Regulation: UN ECE R73
Objective
Every vehicle and trailer shall be so constructed and/or equipped as to offer, when a complete entity, effective
protection to unprotected road users (pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists) against the risk of falling under the
sides of the vehicle and being caught under the wheels.
General Requirement
Vehicles and trailers shall be deemed to satisfy the requirements set out in the opening paragraph if their side
parts provide protection conforming to the provisions below. This can be achieved by:
• The design of the vehicle or trailer, or
• By the fitting of side-guards to the vehicle or trailer.
Lateral protection components must meet the dimensional requirements set out below but also, must meet the
following strength requirements:
LPD shall be considered suitable if they are capable of withstanding a horizontal static force of 1kN applied
perpendicularly to any part of their external surface by the centre of a ram the face of which is circular and
flat, with a diameter of 220mm +/- 10 mm, and if the deflection of the device under load measured at the
centre of the ram is then not more than:
• 30 mm over the rearmost 250 mm of the device; and
• 150 mm over the remainder of the device.
These strength requirements can be verified with the following methods:

• A type approval certificate to regulation 73 from the component manufacturer
• A test report from a physical test carried out on a representative design
• A test report from a virtual test carried out using some Finite Element Analysis software such
as Ansys, SolidWorks etc.
Side-guards, where fitted, shall be of adequate construction so as to provide effective protection to

unprotected road users against the risk of falling under the sides of the vehicle and being caught under the
wheels.
Note:
The following parts may be incorporated in the side-guard as long as all of the dimensional requirements are
met:
• Battery box.
• Air tanks.
• Fuel tanks.
• Lamps.
• Reflectors.
• Spare wheels.
• Tool boxes.
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 29 of 56

Characteristics of the side guard

Side-guards shall comply with the required dimensional standards and have no protruding parts.
Note 1
If the sides of the vehicle/trailer are so designed and/or equipped that by their shape and characteristics meet
the dimensional and strength requirements of this section, they may be regarded as replacing the side-guards.
Note 2
The upper edge of the guard shall not be more than 350mm below that part of the structure of the
vehicle/trailer, cut or contacted by a vertical plane tangential to the outer surface of the tyres. See below.
An exception is made in the following cases:

o Where the plane does not cut the structure of the vehicle (see Figure 1), the upper
edge shall be level with the surface of the load carrying platform OR 950mm from
the ground, whichever is the less.
Figure 1
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 30 of 56

o Where the plane cuts the structure of the vehicle at a level more than 1.3m above the
ground (see Figure 2 below), then the upper edge of the side guard shall not be less
than 950mm above the ground.
Figure 2
Note 3
Dome shaped bolt-heads and rivets of less than 10mm in height are acceptable.
Note 4
Combinations of surfaces and rails shall be considered as a continuous side-guard as long as the gaps between
them are no greater than 25mm. See below.
Note 5
If the vehicle cab is narrower than the body then the side guard must be angled to meet the cab.
If the guard complies with items 24, 25 or 26 then it is does not have to comply with items 27, 28 or 29.
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 31 of 56

Installation requirement
1. There must be no modifications to the lateral protection system that could invalidate documentary evidence,
unless the requirements can still be assured by an installation check.
2. The vehicle is accompanied by satisfactory evidence of compliance regarding the performance of the
protective system.
3. A side-guard device must be fitted to the vehicle (unless exempt).
4. A side-guard device must be attached securely.
5. It must be attached as per manufacturer’s instructions.
6. The side-guard must have a ground clearance of 550 mm or less.
7. The side-guard must be within 350 mm of the body line (see note 2).
8. The side-guard must be no more than 120mm inboard from the outermost plane of the vehicle.
9. The side-guard must consist of at least one horizontal rail.
10. If more than one horizontal rail is used, the rails must be not more than 300mm apart.
11. For O4 vehicles it must have a section height of at least 100 mm.
12. For O3 vehicles it must have a section height of at least 50 mm.
13. It must have a forward facing edge of at least 100 mm.
14. It must have a smooth or horizontally corrugated surface.
15. Any external edges and corners must be rounded with a radius of at least 2.5mm.
16. It must not increase the overall width of the vehicle.
17. The device must not be used for the attachment of air or hydraulic brake pipes.
18. There must be no projecting brackets or bolt-heads (see note 3).
19. It must be continuous in length (see note 4).
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 32 of 56

20. The device must have the rearward edge of the guard extend to within 300mm of the tyre on the first
rear axle. See Figure 3 below.
Figure 3
21. The device must not have the rearward end more than 30mm inboard from the outermost edge of the
rear tyres over at least the last 250mm of the guard. See Figure 4 below.
Figure 4
22. The device must have the front edge of the guard within 300 mm from the rear of the tyre on the
front wheel (or second wheel if two front axles are fitted). See Figure 3 above.
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 33 of 56

Where the 300 mm dimension falls within the vehicles cab then:
23. The guard must be constructed as to meet the cab.
24. Where required, it must be turned inwards through an angle of not more than 45 degrees (see Error! R
eference source not found.above).
25. It must have a gap of 100 mm maximum between the guard and the cab panel for tilting or suspended
cabs.
Where the forward edge lies in otherwise open space then it must consist of:
26. A continuous vertical member extending over the whole height of the member.
27. The outer and forward faces must measure at least 50 mm rearward and be turned 100 mm inwards
in the case of an O3 vehicle.
28. The outer and forward faces must measure at least 100 mm rearward and be turned 100 mm inwards
in the case of an O4 vehicle.
Where equipment is incorporated into the side guard:
29. The device must have a smooth or horizontally corrugated outer surface.
30. It should be substantially flat or horizontally corrugated.
31. There must not be a gap of more than 25 mm between it and the guard.
32. There must be no projecting brackets or hinges.
33. It must not have protruding bolt heads.
34. Any external edges and corners must be rounded with a radius of at least 2.5mm.
Adjacent parts may however overlap provided that:
35. They have an overlapping edge that faces rearwards.
36. They have an overlapping edge that faces downwards.
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 34 of 56

43. Spray Suppression
Legislation
Objective
To reduce the pulverisation of water thrown upwards by the tyres of a vehicle in motion
An ATC inspection will be required for the following possibilities:
Spray-suppression supplied with the base vehicle:
If these are interfered with during the build then a Spray-Suppression test carried out by an ATC will be
required for granting of a National approval. The Spray-Suppression Requirements below must be followed to
bring the completed vehicle back into compliance.
Fitting of spray-suppression system is part of the build:
A spray-suppression test carried out by an ATC will be required for grant of National approval. The Spray-
Suppression Requirements below must be followed for the completed vehicle to be in compliance with the
spray-suppression National approval requirements.
Body Builders quality systems and control plans shall identify what level of spray-suppression is
required for the build taking account of the above and the definitions below:
Spray-suppression system:
This is a system intended to reduce the pulverization of water thrown upwards by the tyres of a vehicle in
motion. The spray-suppression system is variously made up of a mudguard, rain flaps and valances equipped
with a spray-suppression device.
Mudguard:
This is a rigid or semi-rigid component intended to trap the water thrown up by tyres in motion and to direct it
towards the ground. Mudguards may entirely or partially form an integral part of the vehicle bodywork or
other parts of the vehicle such as the lower part of the load platform, etc.
Rain flap:
This is a flexible component mounted vertically behind the wheel, on the lower part of the chassis or the
loading surface, or on the mudguard.
The rain flap must also reduce the risk of small objects, in particular pebbles, being picked up from the ground
by the tyres and thrown upwards or side wards towards other road users.
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 35 of 56

Spray-suppression device:
This is a part of the spray-suppression system and can be either of the following:
1. Air/water separator:
This is a component forming part of the valance and/or of the rain flap through which air can pass whilst
reducing pulverized water emissions.
2. Energy absorber:
This is a component forming part of the mudguard and/or valance and/or rain flap which absorbs the energy of
water spray, thus reducing pulverized water spray.
Exceptions to the fitting of spray-suppression devices:
• Except where fitted, the spray-suppression requirements do not apply to “off-road” vehicles
as defined in EC Directive 2007/46/EC. However, if spray-suppression devices are fitted to
these vehicles they must comply with these requirements.
• Spray-suppression requirements do not apply to vehicles where the use of spray-suppression
devices is incompatible with their use (e.g. steered axles on a low loader semi-trailer).
However, if spray-suppression devices are fitted to these vehicles they must comply with
these requirements.
• Spray-suppression devices are not mandatory for vehicle categories N, O1 and O2 with a
permissible maximum laden mass not exceeding 7.5 tonnes. However, if spray-suppression
devices are fitted to these vehicles they must comply with these requirements.
Spray-Suppression Requirements:
Road wheels must have associated with them equipment or part of the body which, as far as is practicable,
catches mud or water thrown up by the wheels as they rotate.
Check that the wing covers the whole width of the tyre especially where wide “Super Single” tyres are fitted
to the front axle.
The spray-suppression material must be of an approved type.
Mud flaps
If a mud flap is an extension to a wing or similar fitting, where a mud flap is fitted in place of a wing, i.e. it
serves the purpose of a wing (as on some semi-trailers) it must be treated as a wing and be securely fixed to
prevent excessive movement.
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 36 of 56

Lifting axles
Where a vehicle is fitted with one or more lifting axles, the spray-suppression system must cover all the
wheels when the axle is lowered and the remaining wheels which are in contact with the ground when the axle
is raised.
Self-tracking axles
Where a vehicle is fitted with a self-tracking axle, the spray-suppression system must satisfy the conditions
applicable to non-steered wheels if mounted on the pivoting part. If not mounted on that part, it must satisfy
the conditions that are applicable to steered wheels.
Please note:
In the case of single or multiple axles where the distance between the adjacent tyres is at least 250 mm, the
valance should cover the area extending from the underside of the body to at least a line formed by the tangent
to the top of the tyres and between the outer edge of the wheel flap, with which it should form a seal and the
vertical plane formed by the tangent at the front of the tyre. An outer valance must be fitted over each wheel.
The whole inner face of the outer valance, the depth of which should not be less than 100mm, must be fitted
with a suppression material.
Spray-Suppression Component Check
Evidence must be supplied to demonstrate compliance with the approval of Spray-Suppression Material.
State of vehicle for checking compliance with the requirements:
• vehicle must be unladen and with the wheels in the straight-ahead position;
• in the case of semi-trailers, the loading surfaces must be horizontal;
• the tyres must be inflated to their normal pressure.
Installation Check:
Spray-Suppression systems fitted with energy absorption spray-suppression devices for axles fitted with
non-steered or self-steering or steered wheels.
Mud Guards
1. The mudguards must cover the zone immediately above; ahead and behind the tyre or tyres see Figure 1a
and Figure 1b below.
2. The front edge of the mudguard must be no more than 45 degrees above the horizontal line of the axle (θ in
Figure 1a).
3. The rear edge of the mud guard must be no more than 100mm above the horizontal line of the axle (A in
Figure 1a).
4. In the case of multiple axles, the angle θ relates only to the foremost axles and requirements relating to the
height of the rearmost edge apply only to the rearmost axle.
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 37 of 56

5. The mudguard must possess a total width ‘q’ (Figure 1b) at least adequate to cover the width of the tyre ‘b’
or the entire width of two tyres ‘t’ in the case of twin wheels. The dimensions ‘b’ and ‘t’ shall be measured at
hub height, excluding any markings, ribs, protective bands etc. on the tyre walls.
6. Spray-Suppression material must be fitted to the front face of the rear of the guard. The material must cover
the inside of the mudguard to a height determined by a straight line running through the centre of the wheel
and forming an angle of at least 30° with the horizontal (Figure 2).
7. Where the wheel guard consists of several components there must be no gaps between or within individual
parts when assembled that will permit the exit of spray when the vehicle is in motion.
Outer Valance
8. The distance between the tyre wall and the vertical face of the valance must not exceed 100mm (‘c’ in
Figure 1b).
9. The depth of the outer valance must extend to not less than 45mm at all points behind a vertical line passing
through the centre of the wheel (Figure 1a).
Air Suspension:
10. The lower edge of the outer valance shall not exceed 1.5 x tyre radius on steered wheel and self-steering
wheels from points A to C (Figure 1a).
11. The lower edge of the outer valance shall not exceed 1.25 x tyre radius on non-steered wheels from points
A to C (Figure 1a).
Mechanical Suspension:
12. The lower edge of the outer valance shall not exceed 1.8 x tyre radius on steered and self-steering wheels
from points A to C (Figure 1a).
13. The lower edge of the outer valance shall not exceed 1.5 x tyre radius on non-steered wheels, with a
technically permissible laden mass more than 7.5 tonnes, from points A to C (Figure 1a).
14. In the case of multiple axles the requirements laid down in items 10-13 do not apply between the vertical
transversal planes passing through the centre of the first and last axles where the outer valance may be straight
in order to ensure the continuity of the spray-suppression system (Figure 3).
15. There must be no openings in the outer valances or between the outer valances and other parts of the mud
guard enabling spray to emerge when the vehicle is moving.
Rain Flaps:
16. The rain flap must be at least the full width of the tyre(s) (‘q’ in Figure 1b).
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 38 of 56

17. The orientation of the flap must be basically vertical.
18. The maximum height of the bottom edge must be no more than 200 mm above the ground. The distance is
increased to 300 mm in the case of the last axle where the radial distance of the lower edge of the outer
valancing, Rv, does not exceed the dimensions of the radius of the tyres fitted to the wheels on that axle
(Figure 2).
The maximum height of the bottom edge of the rain flap in relation to the ground may be raised to 300 mm if
the manufacturer deems it technically appropriate with regard to the suspension characteristics (Figure 2).
19. The flap must be no more than 300 mm from the rearmost edge of the tyre (Figure 2).
20. There must be no openings between the rain flap and the lower edge of the wheel guard enabling spray to
emerge.
21. The whole face of the rain flap must be covered in spray-suppression material.
22. In the case of multiple axles where distance (d) between the tyres on adjacent axles is less than 250 mm,
only the rear set of wheels must be fitted with rain flaps (Figure 3, 4a).
23. There must be a rain flap behind each wheel when the distance (d) between the tyres on adjacent axles is
at least 250 mm (Figure 3, 4b).
24. Where the spray-suppression device meets the specifications relating to rain flaps, (items 16-23) no
additional rain flap is required.
Spray-Suppression systems fitted with air/water separator spray-suppression devices for axles fitted
with steered, self-steering and non-steered wheels
Mud guard (items 1 - 7 must also be met) (Figures 5, 6):
25. In the case of multiple axles where the distance between the tyres on adjacent axles does not exceed 300
mm the mudguards must also conform to the model shown in Figure 6.
Outer Valance
26. The lower edges of the outer valances must be fitted with air/water separator spray-suppression devices.
27. The depth of the outer valance must extend to not less than 45mm, at all points behind a vertical line
passing through the centre of the wheel (Figure 5, 6).
28. In the case of single or multiple axles where the distance between the tyres on adjacent axles exceeds 300
mm, the lower edge of the spray-suppression device fitted to the outer valance must have the following
maximum dimensions and radii:
28. The lower edge of the outer valance shall not exceed 1.05 x tyre radius on steered and self-steering wheels
(Figure 5). The front edge shall be at a maximum of 30° (OC in Figure 5) with the rear edge no more than
100 mm for steered and self-steering wheels.
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 39 of 56

29. The lower edge of the outer valance shall not exceed 1.00 x tyre radius on non-steered wheels (Figure 5).
The front edge shall be at a maximum of 20° (OC in Figure 5) with the rear edge no more than 100 mm for
non-steered wheels.
30. In the case of multiple axles where the distance between the tyres on adjacent axles does not exceed 300
mm, the outer valances located in the inter-axle spaces must follow the path specified in item 25, and must
extend downwards in such a way as not to be more than 100 mm above a horizontal straight line passing
through the wheel centres.
31. There must be no openings in the outer valances or between the outer valances and the mud guard
enabling spray to emerge.
Rain Flaps (items 16, 17, 20, 22, 23 must also be met) (Figure 5):
28. A rain flap fitted with air/water separator must not be more than 200 mm from the rearmost edge of the
tyre, measured horizontally.
29. The air/water separator spray-suppression device must be at least 100 mm deep when fitted to a rain flap.
30. The lower edge of the spray-suppression device must be no more than 200mm from the ground. The
maximum height of the bottom edge of the rain flap in relation to the ground may be raised to 300 mm if the
manufacturer deems it technically appropriate with regard to the suspension characteristics.
Spray-Suppression systems fitted with energy absorption spray-suppression devices for axles fitted with
non-steered or self-steering wheels that are covered by the bodywork, floor or the lower part of the load
area
Mud Guards (items 31 & 32 not required if items 1-7 & 25 are met):
31. Mud guards must cover the zone above the tyre or tyres from the front edge of the tyre to the rain flap
located behind the wheel (Figure 4a, 4b).
32. All the inner rear part of the mud guard must be fitted with an approved spray-suppression device.
Outer Valance (items 33-36 not required if items 8-15 & 26-31 are met):
33. In the case of multiple axles an outer valance must be located above each wheel.
34. The entire inner surface of the outer valence must be fitted with an energy absorption spray-suppression
device which must be a minimum of 100mm high.
35. There must be no openings between the outer valances and the inner part of the mud guard enabling spray
to emerge.
36. Where rain flaps are not fitted behind each wheel (see items 22, 23), the outer valance must be unbroken
between the outer edge of the rain flap to the vertical plane that is tangent to the point furthest to the front of
the tyre (Figure 4a) of the first axle.
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 40 of 56

Rain Flaps:
37. These flaps must extend to the lower part of the mud guard and comply with items 16 to 22.
Where the bodywork floor forms part of the spray-suppression system:
For this situation if the spray-suppression system does not comply with the relevant items from 1 to 37,
they must comply with the following items:
Mudguards:
38. Mudguards must cover the zone immediately above the tyre or tyres. Their front and rear extremities must
extend at least to the horizontal plane that is tangent to the upper edge of the tyre or tyres (Figure 4a, 4b).
However, the rear extremity may be replaced by the rain flap, in which case this must extend to the upper part
of the mudguard (or equivalent component).
39. All of the inner rear part of the mudguard must be fitted with a spray-suppression device that meets the
requirements of EC Directive 91/226/EEC.
Outer valances:
40. In the case of single or multiple axles where the distance between the adjacent tyres is at least 250 mm, the
outer valance must cover the surface extending from the lower to the upper part of the mudguard up to a
straight line formed by the tangent to the upper edge of the tyre or tyres and lying between the vertical plane
formed by the tangent to the front of the tyre and the mudguard or rain flap located behind the wheel or
wheels (Figure 4b).
In the case of multiple axles an outer valance must be located by each wheel.
41. No openings enabling spray to emerge are allowed between the outer valance and the inner part of the
mudguard.
42. Where rain flaps are not fitted behind each wheel (see items 22, 23), the outer valance must be unbroken
between the outer edge of the rain flap to the vertical plane that is tangent to the point furthest to the front of
the tyre (Figure 4a) of the first axle.
43. The entire inner surface of the outer valance, the height of which must not be less than 100 mm, must be
fitted with an energy-absorption spray-suppression device complying with the requirements of EC Directive
91/226/EEC.
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 41 of 56

Figures 1a and 1b – Dimensions of mudguard and outer valance
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 42 of 56

Figure 2 – Position of mudguard and rain flap
Figure 3 – Diagram showing assembly of spray-suppression system (mudguard, rain flap,

outer valance) incorporating spray-suppression devices (energy absorbers) for multiple
axles
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 43 of 56

Figures 4a and 4b – Diagrams showing assembly of a spray-suppression system

incorporating spray-suppression devices (energy absorbers) for axles fitted with non-
steered or self-steering wheels
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 44 of 56

Figures 5 – Diagram showing assembly of a spray-suppression system incorporating

spray-suppression devices fitted with air/water separators for axles fitted with steered,
non-steered or self-steering wheels
Figures 6 – Diagram showing assembly of a spray-suppression system incorporating

spray-suppression devices (mudguard, rain flap, outer valance) for multiple axles where
the distance between the tyres does not exceed 300 mm
T: Extent of mudguard
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 45 of 56

46. Tyre Installation
Legislation
EC Directive: 92/23/EC
UN Regulation(s): UNECE R30.02,UNECE R30.03, UNECE R54 for durability and UNECE R117 for noise
Objective
That approved tyres are installed correctly in accordance with the structure, maximum laden mass and
maximum design speed
Requirement
- Every tyre installed must have an EC or and ECE approval mark
- All tyres have the same structure
- The space in which the wheel revolves must be such as to allow unrestricted movement when using the
maximum permissible size of tyres within the suspension and steering constraints provided by the vehicle
manufacturer.
-Check that the load capacity index corresponds with the max load for axles
-Check that the speed index corresponds to max design speed
Speed category symbol
Speed category symbol Corresponding speed

F 80
G 90
J 100
K 110
L 120
M 130
N 140
P 150
Q 160
R 170
S 180
T 190
U 200
H 210
V 240
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 46 of 56

46. Tyre Installation
Load capacity index
Asse, see figure B below
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 47 of 56

48. Masses and dimension
Legislation
EU Directive: 97/27/EEC
Objective
Assessment of trailer as regards it masses and dimensions and its manoeuvorability
Requirements (extract from 1230/2012)
1. Maximum authorised dimensions

1.1. The dimensions shall not exceed the following values:
1.1.1. Length
(a) Trailer: 12,00 m including drawbar;
(b) Semi-trailer: 12,00 m plus the front overhang.
1.1.2. Width
(a) 2,55 m for any vehicle;
(b) 2,60 m for vehicles fitted with a bodywork with insulated walls of at least 45 mm
thick, as referred to in Appendix 2 to Annex II to Directive 2007/46/EC.
1.1.3. Height: 4,00 m. (For trailers only intended for Ireland, this may be increased to 4.65m)
1.1.4. Front fitting radius of semi-trailer: 2,04 m.
1.2. For the purposes of measurement of the length, width and height, the vehicle shall be at its mass
in running order, placed on a horizontal and flat surface with tyres inflated at the pressure
recommended by the manufacturer.
1.3. The measurement of the length, height and front fitting radius shall be conducted where the
loading surface or the reference surface referred to in point 1.2.1 second subparagraph of Annex
7 to UNECE Regulation No 55 is horizontal.
Adjustable drawbars shall be horizontal and aligned with the centre-line of the vehicle. They
shall be set at their horizontal most elongated position.
1.4. Only the devices and equipment referred to in Appendix 1 below shall not be taken into account
for the determination of the dimensions referred to in point 1.1.
2. Mass
The sum of the technically permissible maximum mass at the front coupling point plus the
technically permissible maximum mass on the solo axles or group of axles plus the technically
permissible maximum mass at the rear coupling point shall be not less than the technically
permissible maximum laden mass of the vehicle.
The mass of the vehicle in running order, plus the mass of the optional equipment plus the
technically permissible maximum mass at the coupling point(s) shall not exceed the technically
permissible maximum laden mass of the vehicle.
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 48 of 56

3. Manoeuvrability requirements
3.1. Trailers and semi-trailers shall be so designed that, when coupled to a towing vehicle, the
combination is capable of manoeuvring on either side of a complete trajectory of 360° made up
of two concentric circles, the outer circle having a radius of 12,50 m and the inner circle having
a radius of 5,30 m without any of the vehicle’s outermost points of the towing vehicle
protruding beyond the outer circle or any of the outermost points of the trailer or semi-trailer
intruding inside the inner circle.
3.2. A semi-trailer shall be deemed to comply with the requirement of point 3.1. if its reference
wheelbase ‘RWB’ meets the following requirement:
RWB ≤
2
√(12.50 − 2.04)2 − (5.30 + 𝐿)
2
where:
‘RWB’ is the distance between the king-pin axis and the centre line of the non-steering axles.
‘W’ is the semi-trailer’s width
3.3. Where one or more of the non-steering axles has an axle lift device the reference wheelbase
with the axle lowered or the axle lifted — whichever is the longest — shall be taken into
account.
ATC Inspection
When measuring the trailer for its length width and height, the trailer must be unladen and decoupled
from the towing vehicle. Appropriate measurement tools must be used for measuring the vehicle.
See definitions below for assistance and also items not to be considered when measuring the trailer
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 49 of 56

Masses and Dimension definitions and explanatory notes:
‘Axle-lift device' means a device permanently fitted to a vehicle for the purpose of
reducing or increasing the load on the axle(s), according to the loading conditions of the
vehicle :
— either by raising the wheels clear off the ground/lowering them to the ground,
— or without raising the wheels off the ground, (e.g. in the case of air suspension
systems, or other systems ),
in order to reduce the wear on the tyres when the vehicle is not fully laden, and/or make
starting (moving off) on slippery ground easier
List of items NOT included in overall length measurement:
• Wiper and washer devices,

• Front or rear marking plates,
• Customs sealing devices and their protection,
• Devices for securing the tarpaulin and their protection,
• Lighting equipment,
• Mirrors and other devices for indirect vision,
• Watching aids,
• Air-intake pipes,
• Length stops for demountable bodies,
• Access steps and hand-holds,
• Ram rubbers and similar equipment,
• Lifting platforms, access ramps and similar equipment in running order, not
exceeding 300 mm, provided that the loading capacity of the vehicle is not
increased,
• coupling devices for motor vehicles,
• Trolley booms of electrically-propelled vehicles,
• External sun visors.
List of items NOT included in overall width measurement:
• Customs sealing devices and their protection,

• Devices for securing the tarpaulin and their protection,
• Tyre failure tell-tale devices,
• Protruding flexible parts of a spray-suppression system
• Lighting equipment,
• Mirrors and other devices for indirect vision,
• Tyre-pressure indicators,
• Retractable steps,
• The deflected part of the tyre walls immediately above the point of contact with the
ground,
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 50 of 56

Rear Overhang:
The rear overhang of a vehicle should be measured from the centre of the rearmost axle to the
rear most point of the vehicle. See figure 1 below.
Note: The list above in relation to items not considered for overall length does not apply to this
measurement. The rearmost point regardless of what it is must be considered.
Figure 5
Axle Track:
Axle track is the distance from the centre of the wheel on one side to the centre of the wheel on
the other side for single wheel axles. For axles with double wheels, it is the distance from the
centre of the gap between the two wheels on one side to the centre of the gap between the two
wheels on the other side. This is shown in the figure 2. The easiest way to measure this in any
case is from the outside of the outmost wheel on one side to the inside of the innermost wheel
on the other side.
Figure 6
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 51 of 56

Front overhang:
front overhang’ means the horizontal distance between the vertical plane passing through the
first axle or the kingpin axle in the case of a semi-trailer and the foremost point of the vehicle;
Front Fitting Radius:
‘front fitting radius of semi-trailer’ means the horizontal distance from the axis of the kingpin to
any point at the front of the semi-trailer. This cannot exceed 2.04m to any forward points of
the semi-trailer kingpin (see illustration below)
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 52 of 56

50. Couplings
Legislation
EC directive: 94/20/EC
Objective
Assessment of coupling connection fitted to trailers
Class of couplings for trailers
Class B Coupling heads fitted to the drawbar of trailers for

connecting to the 50 mm diameter coupling ball on the
towing vehicle
Class B50-X Non-standard 50 mm diameter coupling heads.
Class D Drawbar eyes having a parallel hole suitable for a 50
mm diameter pin and fitted to the drawbar of trailers for
connecting to automatic drawbar couplings - see Annex
5, paragraph 4.:
Class D50-A Standard 50 mm pin diameter drawbar eyes for welded
attachment.
Class D50-B Standard 50 mm pin diameter drawbar eyes for threaded
attachment.
Class D50-C and 50-D Standard 50 mm pin diameter drawbar eyes for bolted
attachment.
Class D50-X Non-standard 50 mm pin diameter drawbar eyes
Class E Non-standard drawbars comprising overrun devices and
similar items of equipment mounted on the front of the
towed vehicle, or to the vehicle chassis, which are
suitable for coupling to the towing vehicle by means of
drawbar eyes, coupling heads or similar coupling
devices - see Annex 5, paragraph 5.
Class H Fifth wheel coupling pins, 50 mm diameter, are devices
fitted to a semitrailer to connect with the fifth wheel
coupling of the towing vehicle - see Annex 5, paragraph
8.:
Class H50-X Non-standard 50 mm pin diameter fifth wheel coupling
pins.
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 53 of 56

50. Couplings
Definitions
Note: coupling components are often referred by as regards “D value, S value, U value and V value”
The following are definitions of these values. Please refer to legislation for full details and additional
definitions not listed here. Only for information purposes
D value: The D or Dc value is the theoretical reference value for the horizontal forces in the
towing vehicle and the trailer and is used as the basis for horizontal loads in the dynamic
tests.
U value: The U value is the vertical mass, in tonnes, imposed on the fifth wheel coupling by the
semitrailer of technically permissible maximum mass.
S value: The S value is the vertical mass, in kilograms, imposed on the coupling, under static
conditions, by the centre axle trailer, as defined in paragraph 2.13., of technically
permissible maximum mass.2
V value: The V value is the theoretical reference value of the amplitude of the vertical force
imposed on the coupling by the centre axle trailer of technically permissible maximum
mass greater than 3.5 tonnes. The V value is used as the basis for vertical forces in the
dynamic tests.
ATC inspection of coupling Installation requirements
The ATC shall record all markings off coupling, check integrity of installation and assess each trailer
coupling connections as follows (as applicable):
Attachment of coupling heads of Class B (O1, O2)
Class B coupling heads are permitted for trailers of maximum mass up to and including
3. 5tonnes.With the trailer horizontal and carrying the maximum permitted axle load,
coupling heads shall be fitted so that the centre line of the spherical area into which the
ball fits is 430 ± 35 mm above the horizontal plane on which the wheels of the trailer
rest.
In the case of caravans and goods trailers, the horizontal position is regarded as when
the floor or loading surface is horizontal. In the case of trailers without such a reference
surface (e.g. boat trailers or similar) the trailer manufacturer shall give an appropriate
reference line defining the horizontal position. The height requirement shall apply only
to trailers intended to be attached to vehicles mentioned in paragraph 1.1.1. of this annex
In all cases the horizontal position shall be determined to within ±1°
The design of the drawbar including the coupling head for use on O1 and O2 centre axle
trailers shall be such as to prevent the coupling head from digging into the ground in the
event of separation from the main coupling.
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 54 of 56

50. Couplings
ATC inspection of coupling Installation requirements
Attachment of drawbar eyes on trailers
Drawbars for centre axle trailers shall have a support device which is adjustable in
height if the bearing mass at the drawbar eye on the trailer exceeds 50 kg, when the
trailer is uniformly loaded to its technically permissible maximum mass.
When attaching drawbar eyes and drawbar to centre-axle trailers with a maximum mass,
C, of more than 3.5 tonnes and more than one axle, the trailers shall be equipped with
device for axle load sharing.
Hinged drawbars shall be clear of the ground. They shall not fall below a height of 200
mm from the ground when released from the horizontal position
Attachment of coupling pins for semi-trailers
Semitrailers shall be equipped with landing gear or any other equipment which allows
uncoupling and parking of the semitrailer.
If semitrailers are equipped so that the connection of the coupling devices, the electrical
systems and braking systems can be effected automatically, the trailer shall have landing
gear which retracts from the ground automatically after the semitrailer has been coupled
up.
These requirements shall not apply in the case of semitrailers designed for special
operations where they are normally only separated in a workshop or when loading and
unloading in specifically designed operating areas.
The fixing of the fifth wheel coupling pin to the mounting plate on the semitrailer shall
be as instructed by the vehicle manufacturer or the manufacturer of the fifth wheel
coupling pin.
If a semitrailer is equipped with a steering wedge it shall meet the following

requirements:
The steering wedge shall allow safe and correct coupling and shall be spring
mounted. The strength of the spring shall be selected so that it is possible to
couple an unloaded semitrailer and so that, with the semitrailer fully loaded the
steering wedge is firmly in contact with the flanks of the coupling during use.
Uncoupling of the fifth wheel shall be possible with the semitrailer both loaded
and unloaded
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 55 of 56

APPENDIX
Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 56 of 56

ATC Inspection report for trailers of category O3 O4
Important Note: ATC inspections must be completely impartial and independent of any
commercial activity associated with the trailer
The following ATC report is for inspection of category O3, O4 trailers

The full ATC report plus documents as in table below should be forwarded to NSAI. Photos of the
inspected trailer (including a photo of the VIN as on the trailer) must also be forwarded. A copy of ATC
report must also be given to applicant.
This document does not need to be completed electronically and may be completed by biro, scanned and
returned.
All relevant sections should be signed and stamped by the ATC.
The following documents may be presented with this report for ATC inspection:
SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS Present Not

present1
- Completed NSAI evaluation form
- Coupling manufacturers certificate and installation instructions for device
- Braking reports
- Rear under run, lateral rail and spray suppression documentation
- Any additionally technically relevant information e.g. drawings, weigh
docket, other type approval certificates/test reports not mentioned above
DETAILS
Applicant Name:
VIN / Unique Identifier:
Category:
Trailer description (e.g.
semi-trailer, drawbar, etc…)
Name of ATC:
Name of ATC tester:
ATC contact details Ph: Email:
Location of ATC test:
Note to ATC inspector:

Please complete all sections below plus additional supplementary reports for light
installation, spray suppression, lateral rail and braking system.
1
If not available at time of inspection, can be forwarded to NSAI prior to final approval so long as it does not
prevent the ATC from carrying out relevant inspection
Page 1 of 11
Rev.05
ATC inspection checklist Performed Remarks
(if any)
General construction (item 0) Yes No

Inspection checklist as per item 0 below?
Plates (item 18) Yes No

Statutory plate and VIN inspection of trailer item 18 below?
Rear registration plate space (item 4) Yes No

Inspection of registration plate space item 4 below?
Rear under run (item 3) Yes No

Applicable rear under run section (a, b or c) item 3 below?
Tyre installation (item 46) Yes No

Inspection of tyres as per item 46 below?
Steering (item 5) Yes No

Steering check item 5 below (if one or more axles steered)?
Masses and dimensions (item 48) Yes No

Dimensional and manoeuvrability check as per item 48 below?
Coupling (item 50) Yes No

Coupling inspection as per item 50 below?
Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) (Item 10) Yes No

Inspection of additionally added electronic components item 10
below?
ATC inspection checklist (Supplementary reports) Separate reports required
to be attached
Lateral Protection (Test record TR-042) Yes No Remarks

(if any)
Separate inspection report TR-042 completed?
Spray Suppression (Test record TR-043) Yes No

Light Installation: (Test record TR-020) Yes No

Brakes (test record TR-009) Yes No

Remarks(if any)
Page 2 of 11
Rev.05
0. General construction requirements (TR-000)

(extracted requirements from S.I 280 of 2017)
Compliance with
requirements
(Yes/No/remarks)
Requirements: Yes No
1. All aspects of the design and construction of the vehicle/trailer and its
equipment shall be such that no danger is caused or likely to be caused to
any person in the vehicle or on a road.
2. In particular, under all normal conditions likely to be encountered
while the vehicle/trailer is being driven on a road, including when the
vehicle/trailer is loaded to its maximum gross weight and the axle weight of
Yes No
• it shall be possible to control the vehicle safely, taking account of
the vehicle’s speed and acceleration capabilities;
• it shall at all times be possible for the driver, while controlling the
vehicle, to have a full view of the road and traffic ahead of the
vehicle;
• the clearance between any of the following parts of the vehicle,
namely the tyres, wheels, other rotating components associated
with the transmission of engine power or braking, moveable parts
of the steering mechanism and fixed parts shall be sufficient to
ensure no risk of fouling and the wheels and wheel fixings shall be
compatible;
• the vehicle structure (chassis or integral chassis-body), shall be so
designed and constructed as to withstand the forces and vibration to
which it is likely to be subject;
• all entries and exits provided for the vehicle occupants (other than
doors) shall be so designed as to allow easy and safe use;
• all aperture covers (other than doors) including tail gates, boot and
bonnet lids, shall be capable of being securely latched in the fully
closed position;
• the steering, suspension, axles and wheels shall be so designed,
constructed and fitted as to withstand the forces and vibration to
which they are likely to be subject;
• the electrical system, including the battery, electrical components
and wires, shall be securely attached to the vehicle.
In particular, the maximum distance between attachments
of wires, except those contained within hollow components,
shall be 300 mm and wires shall be so fitted and protected
All components shall be so constructed and fitted as to
minimise the risk of corrosion and fire.
Remarks (if any):
Page 3 of 11
Rev.05
18. Plates and identification (TR-018)

Compliance with
requirements
(Yes/No/remarks)
Requirements
Statutory plate contains: Yes No
Name of manufacturer:
Type-approval number (if available at time of inspection):
Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) or Unique Identifier:
Maximum permitted laden mass of the trailer:
Maximum permitted road mass for each axle, listed in order from
front to rear (including king pin/coupling device):
Maximum permitted mass on axle group identified by “T”:
Requirements
Vehicle Identification number/identifier: Yes No
VIN or unique identifier is marked on chassis or other structure in
such a way that it cannot be obliterated or deteriorate:
The height of the characters shall not be less than 4 mm.
Location on trailer:
Location of manufacturers plate:
Location of VIN number marked on chassis
Remarks (if any):
4. Rear Registration plate space (TR-004)

Requirements:
• The space for mounting the rear registration plate shall comprise an Width
mm
even or virtually even rectangular surface with the following
dimensions: Height:
Width 520 with height 120mm mm
or Width 340 with height 240mm
• The space must allow the mounting of a plate in a position as close to
vertical as is possible by the vehicle structure available.
o < 30º from the vertical if plate is facing upwards.
o < 15º from the vertical if plate is facing downwards.
• The plate shall be visible in the whole space (Yes/No).
• Height of lower edge of plate from the ground (>0.3m) mm
• Height of upper edge of plate from the ground (<1.2m)2 mm
• Located centrally or left of center but within left outer edge Y: N:
Remarks (if any):
2
However, where it is impossible in practice to comply with this provision, the height may exceed
1.20 m but no case exceed 2 m
Page 4 of 11
Rev.05
3. Rear Under-run Protection (RUP) (TR-003)
(complete section A, B or C below)
(A) Installation Check of an approved rear under run
Result
Width of the widest rear axle: mm
Width of rear protective device: mm
Difference: mm
The width of the rear protective device is not less than the width of the
widest rear axle by more than 100mm on either side (total 200mm).
The ground clearance: (must not exceed 550mm over its width) mm
Securely attached to the vehicle chassis side members (Yes/No):
Distance from the rearmost point of the body to rearmost face of the mm
rear under run device:
Fitted in accordance with manufacturers installation requirements Yes/No/Remarks?
i.e. bolt number, grade/size, torqued correctly, grade etc?:
(check RUP approval document)?
e / E Mark/ test report number:
(B)Trailer Rear Construction Forms The Rear Protective Device
When the construction of the rear of the vehicle forms the rear under Ground clearance:
run protection device, then the ground clearance of the rear part of the mm
vehicle must not exceed 550mm over a width which is not shorter than Difference RUP and rear
that of the rear axle by more than 100mm on either side (excluding any axle:
tyre bulging close to the ground). mm
(C)Trailers fitted with Platform/Tail lifts
For trailers fitted with a platform/tail lift the fitting of the rear protective device may be interrupted
for the purposes of the mechanism. In such cases, the following must apply:
• The lateral distance between the elements of Lateral distance(s): mm

the rear protective device and the elements of
the platform lift, which make the interruption mm
necessary, must be no more than 25 mm.
mm
Surface area of individual elements
Element 1: cm²
• The individual elements of the rear protective
device must, in each case, have an effective Element 2: cm²
surface area of at least 350 cm2.
Element 3: cm²
Element 4: cm²
Element 5: cm²
Fitted in accordance with manufacturers Yes/No/Remarks?
installation requirements i.e. bolt number, torques
correctly, grade etc?:
(check RUP approval document)?
Remarks (if any):
Page 5 of 11
Rev.05
46. Tyre Installation (TR-046)

Requirement
All tyres are fitted with e or E marked tyres (record approval E number:
number and the axle number its fitted on)
All tyres are marked with the appropriate speed and load ratings for Speed rating:
their particular axle locations and the intended use of the vehicle.
Load rating:
Each tyre fitted must have the same structure (e.g. bias-belted, crossply Compliance with
or radial), nominal size and aspect ratio as any other tyre on the same requirements
axle Yes No
Remarks (if any):
5. Steering (TR-005)
(if applicable)
The tests outlined below must be performed in a flat open area test site, marked out
accordingly with minimum dimension of 65m x 65m to allow manoeuvrability tests.
Video evidence of test required
Yes No
Are any of the axles steered axles?
If Yes, complete below
Number of steered axles (foremost axle is No1, next is 2 and so on): Axle No(s):
Yes No
Type of steering:
Self-tracking steering equipment:
Articulated steering:
Self-steering:
Type of steering:
Purely mechanical steering transmission:
Purely hydraulic steering transmission:
Purely electric steering transmission:
Requirement Result
• (1)The steering system shall ensure easy and safe handling of the
vehicle
• (2)The trailer must travel without excessive deviation or unusual
vibration in its steering equipment when the towing vehicle is
travelling in a straight line on a flat and horizontal road
• (3)With the towing vehicle and trailer having adopted a steady state
turn corresponding to a turning circle radius of 25 m (see definition
below appendix 3) at a constant speed of 5 km/h, the circle described
by the rearmost outer edge of the trailer shall be measured. This
manoeuvre shall be repeated under the same conditions but at a speed
of 25 km/h ± 1 km/h. During these manoeuvres, the rearmost outer
edge of the trailer travelling at a speed of 25 km/h ± 1 km/h shall not
move outside the circle described at a constant speed of 5 km/h by
more than 0.7 m.
See figure 2 below
Page 6 of 11
Rev.05
• (4)No part of the trailer shall move more than 0.5 m beyond the
tangent to a circle with a radius of 25 m when towed by a vehicle
leaving the circular path described in paragraph item 3 above. along
the tangent and travelling at a speed of 25 km/h.
See figure 3 below
Illustration of steering test requirements for above items (3) and (4)
Page 7 of 11
Rev.05
48. Masses and dimensions (TR-048)
Overall Dimensions
Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm)
Axle Track (mm)

Axle 1: Axle 2: Axle 3:

Axle spacing (1st to 2nd, 2nd to 3rd, etc): 1-2 mm
extend table accordingly if more than 3 axles 2-3 mm
Wheelbase (mm): mm
For semi-trailer distance from centre of coupling pin to 1st axle
For 2 or 3 axle drawbar trailer – distance from coupling point to 1st
axle
Rear overhang (mm): mm
(centre of rearmost axle to rearmost point of trailer)
Front Overhang (see Appendix 4 below for description): mm
Max front fitting radius (semi-trailer only) : mm
Cannot exceed 2.04m. (see Appendix 4 below for description):
Length of loading area (mm): mm
Are any of the axles lift axles? If yes, what number axle?:
(Axle 1 being foremost axle)
Manoeuvrability requirements
Semi-trailers may comply with the drive test method or calculation method below
Drive test method
Any trailer must be able to manoeuvre on either side for a complete circular trajectory of 360°
inside an area defined by two concentric circles, the outer circle having a radius of 12,50 m and the
inner circle having a radius of 5.30 m, without any of the vehicle's outermost points (with the
exception of the protruding parts prescribed for the vehicle width in appendix 4 below ) projecting
outside the circumferences of the circles .
For semi-trailers with axle-lift device (see axle-lift definition appendix 4 below) this requirement
also applies with the axle(s ) in the lifted position (within the meaning of axle lift definition ).
Calculation method
A semi-trailer is deemed to comply with the requirements of above if its wheelbase3 is not
greater than:
2
√(12.50 − 2.04)2 − (5.30 + 𝐿)
2
where L is the semi-trailer's width
Yes No
Manoeuvrability requirements met by drive test method above:
If yes, submit video of test with this report
Manoeuvrability requirements met by calculation method above:
If yes, submit calculations with this report
3
the wheelbase being measured for the purpose of this section as the distance of the axis of the semi-trailer
fifth wheel king-pin to the centre line of the non-steering bogie axles; if one or more of the non-steering bogie
axles has an axle lift device (see 2.14 ), then the wheelbase with lowered/lifted axle(s ), whichever is the
longer, is taken into account.
Page 8 of 11
Rev.05
50. Couplings (TR-050)
EC approval number of coupling device:
Class of coupling device:
D-value:
S-value:
Attachment of Drawbar Eyes and Drawbars on Trailers

Requirement Observation and Result
• Drawbars for centre-axle trailers must have a Vertical load on drawbar eye: kg
support device adjustable in height if the vertical (S-value)
bearing load at the drawbar eye on the trailer type
exceeds 50 kg, when the trailer is uniformly If greater than 50kg, adjustable
loaded to its technically permissible maximum support device fitted: Yes No 
mass:
• When attaching drawbar eyes and drawbars to Maximum mass of
centre-axle trailers with a maximum mass of centre-axle trailer: tonnes
more than 3.5 tonnes and more than one axle,
must be equipped with a device for axle load If greater than 3.5 tonnes, axle
sharing: load sharing device fitted: Yes No 
Attachment of Mounting Plates and Coupling Pins on trailers
Requirements Observation and Result
Semi-trailers must be equipped with landing gear or Semi-trailer fitted with
any other equipment which allows uncoupling and landing gear: Yes No 
parking of the semi-trailer:
If not, is it fitted with any
other equipment which allows
uncoupling and parking of
the semi-trailer: Yes No 
If yes, brief description of this equipment:
_________________________________________
If semi-trailers are equipped so that the connection Yes No 

of the coupling devices, the electrical systems and
braking systems can be effected automatically, the
trailer must have landing gear which retracts from
the ground automatically after the semi-trailer has
been coupled up:
The fixing of the fifth wheel coupling pin in the Yes No 
mounting plate on the semi-trailer must be as
instructed by the vehicle manufacturer or
manufacturer of the fifth wheel coupling:
Is semi-trailer equipped with a steering wedge: Yes No 
-Dimensions of steering wedge: Thickness: mm
Length: mm
Width at both ends: mm
mm
Page 9 of 11
Rev.05
- The steering wedge must allow safe and secure
coupling-up: Yes No 
- The steering wedge must be spring-mounted: Yes No 
- The strength of the spring must be selected so that

it is possible to couple up an unloaded semi-trailer
and so that, with the semi-trailer fully loaded, the
steering wedge is firmly in contact with the flanks
of the coupling during travel: Yes No 
- Uncoupling of the fifth wheel must be possible

with the semi-trailer both loaded and unloaded: Yes No 
10. Electro-magnetic compatibility (EMC) (TR-010)
To check inspect additionally added electronic components have appropriate E-markings.

NSAI may have advised on additionally added EMC equipment. Locate devices and record
details in table below
FUNCTION OF DEVICE TRADENAME OF DEVICE E-MARK OF DEVICE
For example: For example: For example:
Refrigeration unit for cooling Fridge king E44- 10R- 05 1234
body
Page 10 of 11
Rev.05
The following reports must be completed also and submitted with rest of inspection. Contact
NSAI if your ATC requires a copy of these report to complete tests:
9. Brakes –TR-009
Please contact NSAI if need copy of this report forwarded Attached (Yes/No)
Report TR009 to be completed by the ATC and attached
42. Lateral Protection – TR-042

43. Spray suppression – TR-043

20. Installation of lighting and light signalling devices –TR-020-O

Report TR020 - O to be completed by the ATC and attached
Equipment and calibration data for all tests/inspections carried out:
Equipment name Serial number Calibration due date Test record No
Remarks(if any):
5. Signature and Authorisation of ATC
I confirm that I have carried out all relevant inspections as per this inspection report in accordance with the
test procedures for this category of vehicle and category of approval.
Vehicle Identification Number /unique

identifier(VIN):___________________________________________________________
Signature Date
----------------------- -----------------------
Name official
Page 11 of 11
Rev.05
Test Record No. TR042

according to
European Communities (Road Vehicles: Type-Approval) Regulations 2009
Statutory Instrument: S.I. No. 280 of 2017
Lateral Protection
Note: If there are variations between left side and right of vehicle as regards the lateral protection, complete relevant
sections for both sides below.
Photos required for both sides of the vehicle to be submitted with report.
Note 1: If the sides of the vehicle are so designed and / or equipped that by their shape and characteristics meet the requirements
of this section, they may be regarded as replacing the sideguards.
Note 2: The upper edge of the guard shall not be more than 350mm below that part of the structure of the vehicle, cut or contacted
by a vertical plane tangential to the outer surface of the tyres, except in the following cases:
- Where the plane does not cut the structure of the vehicle, the upper edge shall be level with the surface of the load
carrying platform OR
- 950mm from the ground, whichever is the less.
- Where the plane cuts the structure of the vehicle at a level more than 1.3m above the ground, then the upper edge of
the side guard shall not be less than 950mm above the ground.
Note 3: Dome shaped bolt heads and rivets of less than 10mm in height are acceptable.
Note 4: Combinations of surfaces and rails shall be considered as a continuous side guard as long as the gaps between them are
no greater than 25mm.
Note 5: If the vehicle cab is narrower than the body then the side guard must be angled to meet the cab.
DETAILS
Applicant Name:
Category (O3, O4):
Trailer description (e.g. semi-trailer,
drawbar, etc…)
Name of ATC:
Name of ATC tester:
2. Detail of Tests
Lateral Protection
Requirement Observation Result
(Pass/Fail)
• There are no modifications to the lateral protection system that could
invalidate documentary evidence, unless the requirements can still be assured
by an installation check (Y/N):
• The vehicle is accompanied by satisfactory evidence of compliance regarding Record approval number
the performance of the protective system i.e. certificate/ test report (Y/N): E mark:
• A side guard device is fitted to the vehicle (Y/N/NA):

Documentary evidence of exemption if NA:
• The side guard device is attached securely (Y/N):
• The side guard device is constructed of what material: Stainless Steel: 

Mild Steel: 
Aluminium: 
• Method of attachment of side guard to bracket:

o Welding: Yes:  No: 
o Bolting: Yes:  No: 
Page 1 of 3
Rev. 03
▪ Number of bolts:
▪ Size of bolts:
▪ Method of attachment of bracket to chassis:

o Welding direct to vehicle chassis: Yes:  No: 
o Bolted direct to vehicle chassis: Yes:  No: 
▪ Number of brackets:
▪ Bracket spacing: mm
▪ Number of bolts:
▪ Size of bolts:
Side Guard Dimensions:

The measurements taken below should include the dimensions of the side guards fitted but also any
equipment/component that is incorporated into the side guard i.e. fuel tanks, air box, ad blue tank etc…
Dimensions must be recorded to include these.
Left side Right side

• Ground clearance of the side guard: mm mm
• Does the body at any point extend wider than the width of the outside of
the tyres? (Y/N)
• Distance between the side guard and the body line (see note 2): mm mm
• Length inboard of the side guard from the outermost plane of the vehicle:
mm mm
• Number of horizontal rails included in the side guard:
• Maximum vertical distance apart of horizontal rails: mm mm

See Figure 2 of appendix V
• Section height of horizontal side rail: mm mm
• Size of forward facing edge: mm mm
• Surface is smooth / horizontally-corrugated (delete as applicable):
• Smallest radius of curvature of external edges or corners (>2.5mm??): mm mm
• The device is used for the attachment of air or hydraulic brake pipes (Y/N):
• There are no projecting brackets or bolt heads (see note 3 above) (Y/N):
• The lateral protection is continuous in length (see note 4 above) (Y/N):
• Maximum horizontal gap between 2 rails/components making up the lateral mm mm

protection:
• Length of the rearward edge of the guard device from the tyre on the first
rear axle (<300mm??): mm mm
• The maximum distance inboard of the device from the outermost edge of
the rear tyres over the last 250mm of the guard (<30mm??): (Please specify
whether this is inboard or outboard?) See Figure 1 of appendix V mm mm
• The distance from the front edge of the side guard to the rear edge of mm mm
landing legs?
• The distance from the front edge of the side guard to the centre of the mm mm
Kingpin?
Page 2 of 3
Rev. 03
Observation Result
i.e. (Pass/Fail)
dimension,
symmetric
etc.
• Length of the front edge of the guard from the rear of the tyre on the front
wheel (or second wheel if two front axles are fitted).:
Requirement: <500mm for drawbar trailer
• In the case of a semi trailer, distance from front edge of guard to the
transverse median plane of support legs (if support legs are fitted):
Requirement: <250mm
• Where the forward edge lies in otherwise open space then it must consist
of:
• A continuous vertical member extending over the whole height of the
member (Y/N):
• The outer and forward faces measure at least 50 mm rearward and
are turned 100 mm inwards in the case of an O3 vehicle (Y/N):
• The outer and forward faces measure at least 100 mm rearward and are
turned 100 mm inwards in the case of an O4 vehicle (Y/N):
• Where equipment is incorporated into the side guard; Left side Right side
See Figures 3 and 4 of appendix V
The device has a smooth or horizontally corrugated outer surface (Y/N):
It is substantially flat or horizontally corrugated (Y/N):
There is no gap of more than 25 mm between it and the guard (Y/N):
There is no projecting brackets or hinges (Y/N):
It does not have protruding bolt heads (Y/N):
Any external edges and corners are rounded with a radius of at least
2.5mm (Y/N):
• Adjacent parts may however overlap provided that: Left side Right side
They have an overlapping edge that faces rearwards (Y/N):
They have an overlapping edge that faces downwards (Y/N):
5. Signature and Authorisation of ATC
I confirm that I have carried out all relevant inspections as per this inspection report in accordance with the test
procedures for this category of vehicle and category of approval.

identifier(VIN):___________________________________________________________
Signature Date
----------------------- -----------------------
Name official
Page 3 of 3
Rev. 03
Appendix V - Lateral Protection
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4

according to
Spray-Suppression Systems
Notes for inspection:
Vehicle types as listed on Appendix I (NSAI/RSA exempted vehicles) need only comply with section 7.1.1 below and are exempt from
spray suppression device.
Record axle number examined beside relevant section below (axle No. 1 is front axle, axle No. 2 is next axle after and so on)
Approved spray suppression systems fitted by the base vehicle manufacturer need not be examined
Spray Suppression device Yes No E Mark device

Energy absorption system If yes, complete section 7 below
Air/water separator system If yes, complete section 9 below
Suspension type Yes No
Air suspension If yes, complete relevant sections
Mechanical suspension systems If yes, complete relevant sections below
DETAILS
Applicant Name:
Category (O3, O4, N2, N3):
Trailer description (e.g. semi-
trailer, drawbar, etc…)
Name of ATC:
Name of ATC tester:
Spray Suppression systems fitted with energy absorption spray suppression

devices for axles fitted with non steered or self steering or steered wheels
Mud Guards Axle No. Result
Examined
7.1.1
The mudguards must cover the zone immediately above, ahead
and behind the tyres in the following manner:
(a) in the case of a single or multiple axle, the forward edge(C)

must extend forwards to reach a line O-Z where θ (theta) is no
more than 45° above the horizontal.
The rearmost edge (See Figure 2 ) must extend downwards
in such a way as not to be more than 100 mm above a horizontal
line passing through the centre of the wheel;
(b) in the case of multiple axles the angle θ relates only to the
foremost axle and the requirement relating to the height of the
rearmost edge applies only to the rearmost axle;
(c) the mudguard must possess a total width ‘q’ (Figure 1a )at
least adequate to cover the width of the tyre ‘b’ or the entire
width of two tyres ‘t’ in the case of twin wheels.
Dimensions ‘b’ and ‘t’ shall be measured at hub height,
excluding any markings, ribs, protective bands, etc., on the tyre
walls.
Page 1 of 7
Rev. 05
7.1.2 (See Figure 3).

The front side of the rear part of the mudguard must be fitted with
an approved spray-suppression device .This material must cover
the inside of the mudguard up to a height determined by a straight
line running from the centre of the wheel and forming an angle of
at least 30° with the horizontal.
7.1.3
If the mudguards are made up of several components, when fitted,
they must not incorporate any aperture enabling spray to exit while
the vehicle is in motion.
Outer Valance Axle No. Result
Examined
7.2.1. (See Figure 2)
In the case of single axles, the lower edge of the outer valance
may not be situated beyond the following distances and radii, as
measured from the centre of the wheel, except at the lowest
extremities that may be rounded.
Air suspension:
R=
(a) Axles fitted with steered wheels or self-steering
mm
wheels:
From the front edge (towards the front of the
Rv=
vehicle) (tip C)
mm
To the rear edge (towards the rear of the vehicle)
(tip A)
Or
Rv ≤ 1,5 R
(b) Axles fitted with non-steered wheels:
R=
From the front edge (tip C)To the rear edge (tip A)
mm
Rv ≤ 1,25 R
Rv=
Mechanical suspension
mm
(a) general case } Rv ≤ 1,8 R
(b) non-steered wheels for vehicles with a technically permissible
or
laden mass more than 7,5 t } Rv ≤ 1,5 R
R=
mm
where R is the radius of the tyre fitted to the vehicle, and Rv
the distance, expressed as a radius, at which the lower edge of
Rv=
the outer valance is situated.
mm

In the case of multiple axles the requirements laid down in point
7.2.1do not apply between the vertical transversal planes passing
through the centre of the first and the last axles where the outer
valance may be straight in order to ensure the continuity of the
spray suppression system.
7.2.3. (See Figures 1a, 1b, 2)
The distance between the uppermost and the lowermost points of
the spray suppression system (mudguard and outer valance)
measured in any cross section perpendicular to the mudguard
must extend to not less than 45 mm at all points behind a vertical
line passing through the centre of the wheel or the first wheel in
the case of multiple axles. This dimension may be gradually
reduced in front of this line.
7.2.4.
No openings enabling spray to emerge when the vehicle is moving
are allowed in the outer valances or between the outer valances
and the other parts of the mudguards.
7.2.6. (tractor units only, if applicable)
Tractors for semi-trailers with a low chassis (defined in point 6.20
of standard ISO 612 o 1978), namely those which may have a
Page 2 of 7
Rev. 05
coupling pin height in relation to the ground equal to or less than

1 100 mm, maybe designed in such a way as to be exempted from
the requirements of points 7.1.1.a, 7.1.3 and 7.2.4. In this regard,
mudguards and valances may not cover the area immediately above
the tyres of the rear axles, when these tractors are coupled to a
semi-trailer, in order to avoid the spray-suppression system being
destroyed.
However, the mudguards and valances of these vehicles must
conform to the requirements of the above points, in sectors more
than 60° from the vertical line passing through the centre of the
wheel, in front and behind these tyres..
In order to be able to meet those requirements, mudguards and
valances may, for example, comprise a removable part.
7.3 Rain Flaps Axle No. Result

Examined
7.3.1. (See Figure 1a)
The width of the flap must fulfil the requirement for ‘q’ in
point7.1.1(c), except where the flap is within the mudguards, in
which case it must be at least equal in width to the tread of the tyre.
The width of the part of the rain flaps positioned beneath the
mudguard must satisfy the condition laid down in this paragraph
with a tolerance of 10 mm at each side.
7.3.2.
The orientation of the flap must be basically vertical.
The maximum height of the bottom edge must be no more than
200mm above the ground (see figure 3)
This distance is increased to 300 mm in the case of the last axle
where the radial distance of the lower edge of the outer valancing,
Rv, does not exceed the dimensions of the radius of the tyres fitted
to the wheels on that axle.
The maximum height of the bottom edge of the rain flap in
relation to the ground, may be raised to 300 mm if the
manufacturer deems it technically appropriate with regard to the
suspension characteristics.
7.3.4.
The flap must be no more than 300mm from the rearmost edge of
the tyre.
In the case of multiple axels where the distance “d” between the
tyres on adjacent axles is less than 250mm, only the rear set of
wheels must be fitted with rain flaps.
There must be a rain flap behind each wheel when distance
between the tyres on adjacent axles is at least 250mm.
7.3.6
Rain flaps must show sufficient rigidity when deflected towards
the rear of the vehicle.
7.3.7.
The whole of the front face of the part of the rain flap having the
minimum dimensions required must be fitted with an approved
spray-suppression device.
Page 3 of 7
Rev. 05
7.3.8.
No openings enabling spray to emerge are allowed between
the lower rear edge of the mudguard and the rain flaps.
7.3.9.
Where the spray-suppression device meets the specifications
relating to rain flaps (item 7.3), no additional rain flap is required.
Only applies if the spray-suppression device is a rain flap.
Page 4 of 7
Rev. 05
Spray suppression systems fitted with air / water separator spray suppression
devices for axles fitted with steered and non steered wheels
Mud Guards Observation Result
9.1.1. Complete
Mudguards must comply with the requirements of items 7.1.1 (c)
7.1.1 (c) above above
9.1.2. Complete
Mudguards for single or multiple axles where the distance 7.1.1 (a)
between the tyres on adjacent axles exceeds 300 mm must also above
comply with item7.1.1 (a).
In the case, of multiple axles where the distance between the tyres
on adjacent axles does not exceed 300 mm the mudguards must
also conform to the model shown in Figure 7 below
Outer Valance
9.2.1.
The lower edges of the outer valances must be fitted with an
approved air/water separator spray-suppression devices
9.2.2. (See Figures 6 and 7):
In the case of single or multiple axles where the distance between
the tyres on adjacent axles exceeds 300 mm, the lower edge of the
spray suppression device fitted to the outer valance must have the
following maximum dimensions and radii, starting from the centre
of the wheel
(a) Axles fitted with steered wheels or self-steering wheels:
from the front edge (towards the front of the vehicle) (tip C at 30°)
to the rear edge (towards the rear of the vehicle) (tip A at 100 mm)
Rv< 1.05R
(b) Axles fitted with non-steered wheels:
from the front edge (tip C at 20°)
to the rear edge (tip A at 100 mm)
Rv ≤ 1,00 R
Note:
where R = is the radius of tyre fitted to the vehicle;
Rv = the radial distance from the lowest edge of the outer
valance to the centre of the wheel.
In the case of multiple axles where the distance between the tyres
on adjacent axles does not exceed 300 mm, the outer valances
located in the inter-axle spaces must follow the path specified in
item 9.1.3, and must extend downwards in such a way as not to be
more than 100 mm above a horizontal straight line passing
through the wheel centres (See Figure 7).
9.2.4. (See Figure 1a, 1b)
The depth of the outer valance must extend to not less than 45
mm, at all points behind a vertical line passing through the centre
of the wheel.
This depth may be gradually reduced in front of this line.
9.2.5.
No openings enabling spray to emerge are allowed in the outer
valances or between the outer valances and the mudguards.
Rain flaps Axle No. result
9.3.1
Rain flaps must:
(a) comply with item 7.3 (Figure 3);
or
(b) comply with items 7.3.1, 7.3.2, 7.3.5, 7.3.8 and 9.3.2
(Figure 6).
Page 5 of 7
Rev. 05
9.3.2.
Approved Spray suppression must be fitted to the rain flaps
referred to in item 9.3.1 (b), at least along the full edge.
9.3.2.1. (See Figure 6)
The lower edge of the spray-suppression device must be not more
than 200 mm from the ground.
The maximum height of the bottom edge of the rain flap in
relation to the ground, may be raised to 300 mm if the
manufacturer deems it technically appropriate with regard to the
suspension characteristics.
9.3.2.2. (See Figure 6)
The spray-suppression device must be at least 100 mm deep.
9.3.2.3.
Apart from the lower part, which includes the spray-suppression
device, the rain flap as referred to in item 9.3.1 (b) must show
sufficient rigidity when deflected towards the rear of the vehicle.
The rain flap must not be more than 200 mm from the rearmost
edge of the tyre, measured horizontally.
Page 6 of 7
Rev. 05
Spray Suppression systems fitted with energy absorption spray suppression devices for axles
fitted with non steered or self steering wheels that are covered by the bodywork, floor or the
lower part of the load area.
Observation Result
The spray-suppression system for non-steered or self-steered Complete 7 or 9
wheels that are covered by the bodywork floor, or by the Alternatively
lower part of the load platform, must meet either the complete section
specifications set out in item 7 or 9 above or else those in 8 below
item 8 below.
8.1 Mudguards Axle No. Result
Mudguards must cover the zone immediately above the tyre
or tyres. Their front and rear extremities must extend at least
to the horizontal plane that is tangent to the upper edge of the
tyre or tyres.
However, the rear extremity may be replaced by the rain flap,
in which case this must extend to the upper part of the
mudguard (or equivalent component).
8.1.2.
All of the inner rear part of the mudguard must be fitted
with an approved spray suppression device
8.2 Outer Valences
8.2.1
In the case of single or multiple axles where the distance
between the adjacent tyres is at least 250 mm, the outer
valance must cover the surface extending from the lower to
the upper part of the mudguard up to a straight line formed by
the tangent to the upper edge of the tyre or tyres and lying
between the vertical plane formed by the tangent to the
front of the tyre and the mudguard or rain flap located behind
the wheel or wheels (Figure 5b).
In the case of multiple axles an outer valance must be located
by each wheel.
8.2.2.
No openings enabling spray to emerge are allowed between
the outer valance and the inner part of the mudguard.
8.2.3. (See figure 5a)
Where rain flaps are not fitted behind each wheel (see item
7.3.5), the outer valance must be unbroken between the outer
edge of the rain flap to the vertical plane that is tangent to the
point furthest to the front of the tyre (Figure 5a) of the first
axle.
8.2.4.
The entire inner surface of the outer valance, the height of
which must not be less than 100 mm, must be fitted with an
approved energy-absorption spray-suppression device
8.3 Rain Flaps
These flaps must extend to the lower part of the Complete 7.3.1.
mudguard and comply with items 7.3.1 to 7.3.9. above to 7.3.9.
Signature and Authorisation of ATC

I confirm that I have carried out all relevant inspections as per this inspection report in accordance with the test
procedures for this category of vehicle and category of approval.

identifier(VIN):___________________________________________________________
Signature Date
----------------------- -----------------------
Name official
Page 7 of 7
Rev. 05
Figure 1a
Width (q) of mudguard (a) and position of valance
(j)
Note: The figures refer to the corresponding items in ATC inspection .
Figure 1b
Example of measurement of the outer valance
Figure 2
Dimensions of mudguard and outer valance
Note
1 The figures quoted relate to the corresponding items in Annex III.
2 T: extent of mudguard.
Figure 3
Position of mudguard and rain flap
Note: The figures quoted relate to the corresponding items in ATC report.
Figure 4
Diagram showing assembly of a spray-suppression system (mudguard,
rain flap, outer valance) incorporating spray-suppression devices (energy
absorbers) for multiple axles
Figure 5
Diagram showing assembly of a spray-suppression system incorporating
spray-suppression devices (energy absorbers) for axles fitted with non-steered or
self-steering wheels
(ATC report — section 8)
(a) Multiple axles where the distance between the tyres is less than 250 mm.
(b) Single axles or multiple axles where the distance between the tyres is
greater than 250 mm.
Figure 6
spray-suppression devices fitted with air/water separators for axles fitted with
steered, self-steering or non-steered wheels
Note
1 The figures relate to the corresponding items in Annex III.
Figure 7
spray-suppression devices (mudguard, rain flap, outer valance) for multiple
axles where the distance between the tyres does not exceed 300 mm
Note
1 The figures relate to the corresponding items in
ATC report
Test Record No.: TR009

according to
Brakes
DETAILS
Applicant Name:
Category:
Description (e.g. semi-trailer,
drawbar, etc…)
Name of ATC:
Name of ATC tester:
1. General Information
Test Object: [Vehicle identification]
Note: Tests to be carried out on both Laden and Unladen vehicle
Test dates
Date of receipt of test item
Date of start of test / inspection
Date of finish of test / inspection
Equipment and calibration data:
Equipment Serial No. Calibration due date

Roller Brake Tester
Decelerometer (if used)
Full registered name and address of ATC

Page 1 of 4 Rev.02
2. Detail of Inspections and Tests

Identifying plates as evident on axles
Record identification marking as on each axle and state Axle no

(Photographs of plates should be submitted with report clearly identify the plate with the axle no)
Axle No Identification
Axle No 1:
Axle No 2:
Axle No 3:
Inspection carried out in accordance to Test Procedure TR009 for the following:
Service Brake Control – Mechanical Components (Items 1 – 24 of this See appendix for
section of TR009) check list
Park Brake Control – Mechanical Components (Items 1 – 15 of this
section of TR009)
Hydraulic and Vacuum Systems (Items 1 – 21 of this section of TR009)
Roller Brake test Results
Vehicle set up and running according to Test Procedure:
Record maximum braking effort for each wheel:
Did wheels lock:

Record out of balance braking effort between wheels on either side of
the vehicle:
Record brake Pedal Force:

Record brake efficiency:
For vehicles fitted with a Servo: Results
Other than foot control:
Record load applied to foot control to achieve 30% brake efficiency for
passenger vehicle:
Record load applied to foot control to achieve 25% brake efficiency for
goods vehicle:

Page 2 of 4 Rev.02
Record brake effort at each wheel with the above control force:
Front Wheels:
Rear Wheels:
For vehicles fitted with full power hydraulic braking systems: Results
Record maximum braking effort for each wheel:
Parking Brake:
Record maximum Braking effort for each wheel:

Page 3 of 4 Rev.02
For vehicles that cannot be tested on the roller brake tester due to a Results
design characteristic:
Decelerator set up according to manufacturers instruction:
Brake efficiency at 30kph for service brake:
Brake efficiency at 30kph for parking brake:
During Service Brake test, is braking: Results
- Progressive:
- Is there grab:
- Is there judder:
- Does Vehicle deviate to Left or Right during braking:
- Does pedal return to fully off position:
During road test at 30kph does the rear axle(s) lock prior to both wheels
of the front axles:
Transmission Hand Brake Results
Parking Brake efficiency:
3. Remarks:
4. Signature and Authorisation
I confirm that I have carried out the Braking Test in accordance with the test procedures for this
category of vehicle and category of approval. The vehicle (identification) complies with the Braking
requirements.
Signature Date
----------------------- -----------------------
Name
[official stamp of ATC]

Page 4 of 4 Rev.02
Appendix
3. Additional checklist items
Service Brake Control (items 1-24)
Item Yes No N/A Comments

1. The brake pedal must be capable of being operated easily
from the driving position without obstruction or abnormal
hand/foot position and that the pedal (where fitted) has an
anti-slip provision.
2. A brake control, actuating linkage or associated component
must be fully accessible for maintenance purposes.
must be complete, so that it functions correctly.
must be of adequate strength so as not to be likely to fail
prematurely.
must be made of a material sufficiently durable so as not to be
likely to fail prematurely.
must not be obstructed in its travel nor foul parts of the
vehicle.
mounting/bracket must be of adequate strength so as not to be
likely to fail prematurely.
mounting/bracket must be secure to the vehicle structure.
mounting/bracket securing method must be of adequate
strength so as not to be likely to fail prematurely.
10. A brake control, actuating linkage or associated
component pivot bearing/bush must be of adequate
11. A brake control, actuating linkage or associated
component pivot bearing/bush must be secure such that it is
unlikely to become displaced.
12. Any brake control, actuating linkage or associated
component pivot/linkage pins must be present and secure.
13. Any brake control, actuating linkage or associated
component locking/retaining devices must be present and
secure.
14. With the brake control fully applied there must be
sufficient reserve travel.

Page 1 of 5
Service Brake Control (items 1-24)

15. The brake control must not creep down while it is held
under pressure.
16. There must not be an indication of ‘sponginess’ when the
brake control is operated, indicating air in the system.
17. The brake control must be applied with no air/hydraulic
leak.
18. When the brake control is applied and the engine started a
dip must be felt, indicating that vacuum assistance is working
satisfactorily.
19. On a full power hydraulic braking system a warning
device must be fitted, operative, and visible to the driver,
including in darkness.
20. All brake mechanical components must be secure, with
relevant securing bolts, locking devices, retaining device etc
present and secure.
21. A brake assembly on a FRONT axle of a vehicle must
incorporate a means of automatically compensating for
friction material wear.
22. A brake assembly on a REAR axle of a vehicle must
incorporate either a manual or automatic means of
compensating for friction material wear.
23. The brake friction surfaces must have sufficient capacity
to dissipate heat and prevent fade.
24. It must not be possible to manually adjust braking rates
between axles.
Park Brake Control (1-15)

1. A parking brake lever, actuating linkage, cable or
associated component must be complete so that it functions
correctly.
associated component must be of adequate strength so as not
to be likely to fail prematurely.
associated component must be made of a material
sufficiently durable so as not to be likely to fail prematurely.
associated component must not be obstructed in its travel nor
foul parts of the vehicle.

Page 2 of 5
Park Brake Control (1-15)

associated component mounting / bracket must be secure to
the vehicle structure.
associated component mounting / bracket securing method
prematurely.
associated component pivot bearing / bush must be of
adequate strength so as not to be likely to fail prematurely.
associated component pivot bearing / bush must be secure
such that it is unlikely to become displaced.
associated component pivot / linkage pins must be present
and secure.
associated component locking / retaining devices must be
present and secure.
11. The parking brake ratchet pawl must engage positively
with the ratchet teeth.
12. A lever operated parking brake must not disengage when
the lever is knocked on each side and on the top.
13. A lever operated brake must be able to be positively held
at a position of further travel.
14. An electrically operated parking brake switch must be
protected from inadvertent use. As an alternative, with the
ignition off, the switch must be capable of applying the
brake, but must not be capable of releasing the brake.
15. The parking brake mechanism must incorporate a means
of compensation between all brake assemblies operated by
the parking brake control, and a means of adjustment to
compensate for wear.

Page 3 of 5
Hydraulic and Vacuum Systems (1-21)

1. A hydraulic and vacuum component must be complete, so
that it functions correctly.
2. A hydraulic and vacuum component must be of adequate
3. A hydraulic and vacuum component must be made of a
material sufficiently durable so that it is unlikely to fail
prematurely.
4. A hydraulic and vacuum component mounting/bracket
must be secure to the vehicle structure or other components.
prematurely.
securing method must be of adequate strength and unlikely to
fail prematurely.
7. A brake pipe or hose must not be fouled by moving parts.
8. A brake pipe or hose must not be kinked, stretched, or
twisted.
9. A brake pipe or hose must be adequately clipped or
otherwise supported.
10. A brake pipe or hose must have suitable joint fittings.
11. A brake pipe or hose must not be exposed to excessive
heat.
12. A hydraulic/vacuum component must not be subject to a
corrosive environment and likely to fail prematurely.
13. Components must not leak due to constructional defects.
14. A fluid reservoir filling port must be easily accessible.
15. A fluid reservoir cap must be present and secure.
16. It must be possible to check the fluid relative to the
manufacturer’s specified minimum level on all brake fluid
reservoirs by the actual fluid level being visible through a
transparent section of the reservoir, with the minimum level
marked permanently on or adjacent to this section. As an
alternative, a red warning lamp must be capable of
illuminating when the reservoir fluid falls to the minimum
level.
17. Where a warning lamp is provided as the only means of
checking the fluid level without opening the reservoir it must
be secure, operational, visible during daylight and darkness
from the driving position, and fitted with a “test facility” that
enables its operation to be checked from the driving position
without opening the reservoir.

Page 4 of 5
Hydraulic and Vacuum Systems (1-21)

18. The hydraulic system must be fitted with a red warning
lamp, sensitive to line pressure and capable of signalling the
failure of any part of the hydraulic system as soon as the
brake is applied and remaining lit as long as the failure exists
(with the ignition switched on). As an alternative, the
warning lamp must be sensitive to the reservoir fluid level,
providing the reservoir is directly connected to supply the
pressure side of the master cylinder when the piston is in the
“brakes off” position, so that a failure of either part of a split
system would result in a continuous draining of the reservoir
fluid when the control is released (see Note 2).
19. The hydraulic system failure warning lamp must be
secure, operational, visible during daylight and darkness
from the driving position, identifiable (i.e. labelled in a
recognised form – see diagram 1 for an example) and fitted
with a “test facility” that enables its operation to be checked
from the driving position without opening the reservoir.
20. If the vehicle is fitted with an anti-lock braking system,
all components must be present, undamaged, secure, and
connected so that the system is likely to function as intended.
21. If the vehicle is fitted with an anti-lock braking system an
operational warning lamp must be fitted to monitor the
system, visible from the driving position, which operates
when the anti-lock is energised, and extinguishes at the latest
when the vehicle speed reaches 18km/h.
Remarks:

Page 5 of 5
TR-020 Trailer Light Installation inspection (O1, O2, O3 and O4)
(Summarised requirements. numbering reference in table- see UNECE R48)
Trailer details
Applicant Name:
Category (O1,O2,O3,O4):
Trailer description (e.g.
semi-trailer, drawbar, etc.…)
Name of ATC:
Name of ATC tester:
Trailer dimensions (Length):
Trailer dimensions (width):
Trailer dimensions (Height):
Note to ATC Inspector:
The trailer should already at this point of inspection been measured for masses and dimensions. Record this dimensional data above as this may have a
bearing on required lamps/reflectors to be fitted. Identify each kind of lamp and reflector evident on the trailer and complete the relevant section below. Some
sections may not be applicable based on the trailers dimensions. Definitions at the bottom of this page help explain measuring location. The requirement for
each lamp/reflector is contained in the green section of each table. On the left side of each table, record all the details of the e-mark and number and
characteristic letter as on the lamp. The letter/character on the lamp identifies its function. The letter/character that identifies the function can be seen in the
green section of table under “presence”. For example, the letters “AR” on the lamp indicates it has a reversing lamp function. The letter “L” on the lamp
indicates its rear registration plate lamp function. Appendices at end of this inspection report has some illustrations that may aid inspection
Please use the remark section under each section if there is any comment/observation noted during inspection. If there are more devices fitted than space in
report to complete the relevant information, please supplement report with separate document. Photograph all sides of trailer
Suitable gauges must be used for checking geometric visibility. See Appendix 3 at last section of report for template gauge
Min height indicates distance from ground to lower edge of illuminated area, max height to top edge of illuminated area
Width indicates distance from nearest external vertical edge of trailer to nearest edge of illuminated area
Length indicates distance from rear external edge of trailer to nearest edge of illuminated area on side lamps/reflectors or the distance between adjacent lamps.
Page 1 Rev. 03
Function Colour Presence Number Arrangem Position Geometric Visibility Electrical Tell-Tale
ent State in remarks if more than 2 ß=horizontal angle Connections
and record dimension separate α= vertical angle
Reversing Lamp White Mandatory 1 mandatory No Width - no requirement α =15° upwards and 5° Only light when Optional
(6.4 of R48) on O2, O3, individual Height -above 250 – below downwards reverse gear
O4 trailers specificati 1200 mm ß=45° to right and left if selected when
and 2nd on one device. engine in
Category AR mandatory 45° right and 30° left if operation
length >6m) two installed
Device(s) evident: Yes/No No of Location Device Device Complies with Complies with
devices: no 1 no 2 above above
Illuminates white: Yes/No Yes/No Yes/No
Record E number: Height: Yes No Yes No

Record characteristic “AR” if evident: Width:
Remarks if any (reversing lamp): Reversing lamp location:
Function Colour Presence Number Arrangement Position Geometric Electrical Tell-Tale

Visibility Connections
ß=horizontal angle
α= vertical angle
Rear White Mandatory Such that the Such that the Such that the Such that the See note 1 below Optional
Registration device illuminates device illuminates device illuminates device illuminates (5.11 R48)
Plate Lamp Category L the plate the plate the plate the plate
(6.8 R48)
Device(s) evident: Yes/No Complies with Complies with Complies with Complies with Complies with
above: Yes/No above: Yes/No above: Yes/No above: Yes/No above: Yes/No
Illuminates white: Yes/No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Yes No
Record E number:
Record characteristic “L” if evident:

Remarks if any (rear registration lamp):
Note 1: The electrical connections shall be such that the front and rear position lamps, the end-outline marker lamps, if they exist, the side-marker lamps, if they exist, and the rear registration plate lamp
can only be switched ON and OFF simultaneously
Page 2 Rev. 03
Function Colour Presence Number Arrang Position Geometric Visibility Electrical Tell-Tale
ement State in remarks if more than 2 ß=horizontal angle Connections
and record dimension separate α= vertical angle
Direction Amber Mandatory 2 mandatory 2 rear Width: < 400mm from edge α = 15° upwards and See note 2 below Visible or
Indicators rear Width-inner edges not less than downwards (6.5.7 - 6.5.9 auditory or
and hazard Side: 5 or 6 + 2 optional 600mm apart. 400mm if overall ß=80° outwards and 45° R-48) both
Warning width trailer less 1300mm inwards
(6.5+6.6 R48) Rear: 2a or 2b Height: 350-1500mm
(2100mm if 1500mm not
possible, remark if so)
Device(s) evident: Side indicator: Yes/No No of Location Device Device Complies with Direction/hazard rear
Rear indicator: Yes/No devices no 1 no 2 above location:
Rear: Yes/No
Illuminates amber: Yes/No
Height: Yes No
Record E number: rear:
side: Distance
from edge:
Record characteristic (5 or 6 side) or (2a or 2b rear): Distance
Side: apart:
Rear:
No of Distance
devices from rear:
side distance
(if fitted) apart:
Hazard warning lamps
Requirement: The signal shall be operated by means of a separate control enabling all direction indicators to flash in phase
Complies with the above: Yes/No
Remarks if any (direction indicator/hazard):
Note 2: Direction-indicator lamps shall switch on independently of the other lamps. All direction-indicator lamps on one side of a vehicle shall be switched on and
off by means of one control and shall flash in phase.
Page 3 Rev. 03
Function Colour Presence Number Arrange Position Geometric Electrical Tell-Tale

ment State in remarks if more than 2 Visibility Connections
and record dimension separate ß=horizontal angle
α= vertical angle
Stop Lamp Red Mandatory 2 no special Width-inner edges not less than α = 15° upwards Must light up Optional,
(6.7 of R48) Category S1 or S2 arrangeme 600mm apart. 400mm if overall and downwards when brake see note 3 below
nts trailer width less 1300mm ß=45° to right and applied when 6.7.7-6.7.9 R48
Height: 350-1500mm left engine in
(2100mm if 1500mm not operation
possible)
Width: < 400mm from edge
Device(s) evident: Yes/No No of Location Device Device Complies with Complies with
devices: no 1 no 2 above above
Illuminates red: Yes/No Height Yes/No Yes/No
Record E number: Width Yes No Yes No

Record characteristic “S1 or S2” if evident: Distance
If S3, S4 devices also fitted, record details in remarks apart:
below
Optional S3/S4 position: Standard mandatory S1/S2 position:

Remarks if any (stop lamp): (if more than 2 standard mandatory devices fitted (optional S1/S2 or
S3 S4, please record details as regards these devices here i.e. approval number, location and
geometric compliance as above)
Page 4 Rev. 03

ment Visibility Connections
ß=horizontal angle
α= vertical angle
Rear Position Red Mandatory 2 no special W: <400mm from edge α = 15° upwards See note 1 below Circuit closed tell-
Lamp Category for additional arrangeme Width-inner edges not less than and downwards 5.11 R48 tale see R-48
(6.10 R48) RorR1orR2 optional nts 600mm apart. 400mm if overall ß=80° outwards
lamps see trailer width less 1300mm and 45° inwards
note 4 below H: 350-1500mm
6.10.2.1 + (2100mm if 1500mm not
6.10.4.2 possible)
No of Location Device Device Complies with Rear position position:
Device(s) evident: Yes/No devices: no 1 no 2 above
Yes/No
Illuminates red: Yes/No
Height Yes No
Record E number:
Width
Record characteristic “R or R1 or R2” if evident:
Distanc
e apart:
Remarks if any (rear position lamp):
Note 1: The electrical connections shall be such that the front and rear position lamps, the end-outline marker lamps, if they exist, the side-marker lamps, if they
exist, and the rear registration plate lamp can only be switched ON and OFF simultaneously
Page 5 Rev. 03

ß=horizontal angle
α= vertical angle
Rear Fog Lamp Red Mandatory 1 or 2 no special Width: See note 3 below α = 5° upwards See note 4 below Circuit closed tell-
(6.11 R48) arrangeme 6.11.4.1 R-48 and downwards 6.11.7.1 R-48 tale. Independent
Category nts Height: 250-1000mm ß=25° right and non flashing
F or F1 or F2 left warning lamp
Device(s) evident: Yes/No No of Location Device Device Complies with Rear Fog lamp position:
devices: no 1 no 2 above
Illuminates red: Yes/No Yes/No
Height Yes No
Record E number:
Record characteristic “F or F1 or F2” if evident: Width
Remarks if any (rear fog lamp):
Note 3: If only one lamp fitted it shall be fitted on the centre of the trailer or to the right side of rear of trailer
Note 4: The rear fog-lamp(s) can be switched off independently of any other lamp.
Either of the following applies:
(A) The rear fog lamp(s) may continue to operate until the position lamps are switched off, and the rear fog lamp(s) shall then remain off until deliberately
switched on again;
(B). A warning, at least audible, additional to the mandatory tell-tale shall be given if the ignition is switched off or the ignition key is withdrawn and the
driver's door is opened, whether the lamps in (paragraph 6.11.7.1.) are on or off, whilst the rear fog lamp switch is in the "on" position.
Page 6 Rev. 03
Function Colour Presence Number Arrang Position Geometric Electrical Tell-Tale

ement Visibility Connections
ß=horizontal angle
α= vertical angle
End-Outline Red Rear Mandatory if width 2 rear no W: < 400mm and as close as See note 1 below See note 1 Optional, see R-
Marker Lamp >2.1m special possible to edge 5.11 R48 below 48
Rear Category arrange H: at max. height compatible 5.11 R48
(6.13 R48) R,R1,R2,RM1orRM2 ments with design
(Rear) See note 6 below 6.13.4.2
Device(s) evident: Yes/No No of Location Device Device Complies with End outliner position:
devices: No. 1 No. 2 above
Illuminates red : Yes/No Yes/No
Record E number: Height Yes Yes

Record characteristic “R, R1, R2, RM1 or
RM2” if evident: Width
Remarks if any (end outliner marker Rear):
Page 7 Rev. 03

ß=horizontal angle
α= vertical angle
Rear Retro- Red Mandatory Apex of W: <400mm from edge α = 15° above and n/a n/a
Reflector Category class ▲ Width-inner edges not less than below
Triangular IIIA or IIIB directed 600mm apart. 400mm if overall ß=30° inwards
(6.15 R48) upwards trailer width less 1300mm and outwards
H:250-900mm or 1200mm or
1500mm
2 See R-48
Device(s) evident: Yes/No No of Complies Location Device Device Complies with Rear retro reflector position:
devices: with no 1 no 2 above
Reflector red : Yes/No above Yes/No
Yes/No
Record E number: Yes No Height Yes No
Record characteristic “IIIA or IIIB” if evident: Width
Distanc
e apart:
Remarks if any (Rear Retro-Reflector Triangular):
Page 8 Rev. 03
Function Colour Presence Number Arrange Position Geometric Visibility

ment ß=horizontal angle
α= vertical angle
Side Retro- Amber Mandatory See note5 No special Height: 250-900mm(1500mm if 900mm not possible) α = 10° above and
Reflector Non- Category class below arrangeme Length: fitted middle third and distance between adjacent reflectors below
Triangular IA or IB State in nts <3m. ß=45° front and to the
(6.17 R48) remarks if See note 5 below rear
different
arrangement
of either side
Device(s) evident: Yes/No No of devices Location rear- middl fore- Maximum distance Complies with
left side: most e most between any two above
Reflector amber : Yes/No device device device adjacent Yes/No
reflectors:
Record E number: Height: Yes No
Record characteristic “IA or IB” if evident:
No of devices longitudinal
right side: Distance
from rear:
longitudinal
Distance
from front:
Remarks if any (Side Retro-Reflector Non-Triangular): Side retro reflector position:
Note 5: Longitudinal requirements: at least one side retro-reflector shall be fitted to the middle third of the trailer, the foremost side retro-reflector being not further than 3 m from
the front; The distance between two adjacent side retro-reflectors shall not exceed 3 m. The distance between the rearmost side retro-reflector and the rear of the trailer shall not
exceed 1 m.
Page 9 Rev. 03
Function Colour Presence Number Arrange Position Geometric

ment Visibility
ß=horizontal angle
α= vertical angle
Side-Marker Amber Mandatory if: > See note 5 No special Height: 250-900mm(1500mm if 900mm not possible) α = 10° above and
Lamps 6m long, below arrangeme Length: fitted middle third and distance between adjacent lamps <3m below
(6.18 R48) Category SM1 State in nts See note 5 below ß=45° front and to
remarks if the rear
different
arrangement
of either side
Device(s) evident: Yes/No No of devices Location rear- middle fore- Maximum distance Complies with
left side: most device most between any two above
Illuminates amber : Yes/No device device adjacent lamps: Yes/No
Record E number: Height: Yes No

Record characteristic “SM1” if evident:
longitudinal
Distance
from rear:
No of devices longitudinal
right side: Distance
from front:
Side marker lamps position:
Remarks if any (Side Marker lamps):
Note 5 Longitudinal requirements: at least one side marker lamp shall be fitted to the middle third of the trailer, the foremost side marker being not further than 3 m from the front;
The distance between two adjacent side retro-reflectors shall not exceed 3 m. The distance between the rearmost side retro-reflector and the rear of the trailer shall not exceed 1 m.
Page 10 Rev. 03

ß=horizontal angle
α= vertical angle
Front Position White Mandatory on 2 no special W: < 150mm from edge α = 15° upwards See note 1 below Circuit closed tell-
Lamp trailers if arrangeme H: 350-1500mm and downwards 5.11 R48 tale
(6.9 R48) > 1600mm wide nts Width-inner edges not less than ß=80° outwards
600mm apart. 400mm if overall and 45° inwards
Category A trailer width less 1300mm
Device(s) evident: Yes/No No of Location Device Device Complies with Front position lamp position:
illuminates white : Yes/No Yes/No
Record E number: Height Yes No

Record characteristic “A” if evident: Width
Remarks if any (front position lamp):
Note 1: The electrical connections shall be such that the front and rear position lamps, the end-outline marker lamps, if they exist, the side-marker lamps, if they exist, and the rear registration plate lamp
can only be switched ON and OFF simultaneously
Function Colour Presence Number Arrange Position* Geometric Electrical Tell-Tale

ment Visibility Connections n/a
ß=horizontal angle n/a
α= vertical angle
Front Retro- White Mandatory No special W < 150mm H: 250-900mm α = 10° above and Front retro reflector position:
Reflector Non- Category class IA arrangeme (1500mm if 900mm not below
Triangular or IB nts possible) ß=30° inwards
(6.16 R48) 2 and outwards
Device(s) evident: Yes/No No of Location Device Device Complies with
Reflector white : Yes/No Yes/No
Record E number: Height Yes No

Record characteristic “IA or IB” if evident: Width
Remarks if any (front retro reflector lamp):
Page 11 Rev. 03
Function Colour Presence Number Arran Position Geometric Visibility Electrical Tell-Tale
geme ß=horizontal angle Connections
nt α= vertical angle
End-Outline White Front, Mandatory if width 2 front no W: < 400mm and as close as See note 1 below See note 1 Optional, see R-
Marker Lamp >2.1m specia possible to edge 5.11 R48 below 48
Front Category l H: at max. height compatible 5.11 R48
(6.13 R48) A or AM (front) arrang with design
ement
s
Device(s) evident: Yes/No No of Location Device Devi Complies Complies End outliner position:
devices: no 1 ce with with
illuminates white : Yes/No no 2 above above
Yes/No Yes/No
Record E number: Height Yes Yes
Record characteristic “A or AM” if evident:
Width
Remarks if any (end outliner marker Rear and front):
Page 12 Rev. 03
Function Colour Presence Requirement (supply photos of all contour marking fitted with this report)
See Appendix 1below for illustrations to assist
Conspicuity Red Mandatory O3, O4 Conspicuity markings shall be as close as practicable horizontally and vertically, compatible with the shape, structure,
markings if width >2.1m and design and operational. Markings can be considered continuous if gaps are less than 50% of the length of adjacent
(reflective length > 6m elements (see illustration below)
contour tape Category If partial markings fitted, shall follow as close as practical the contour of outer shape of trailer.
REAR Shall not be within 200mm of rear brake lamp
(6.21 R48)
reflective tape evident: Yes/No Yes No
Reflective red : Yes/No Full contour marking to the rear?:
Fitted as close as possible to the horizontal and vertical edges?:
Record E number:
Partial contour marking to the rear?:
If partial, shall follow as close as practical the contour of outer shape of trailer?:
Lowest edge within 250 and 1500mm from the ground mm
At least 200mm away from mandatory brake light? mm
Remarks if any (Conspicuity markings Rear):
Function Colour Presence Requirement (supply photos of all contour marking fitted with this report)
See Appendix 1below for illustrations to assist
Conspicuity white or yellow Mandatory O3, O4 Conspicuity markings shall be as close as practicable to being parallel to median longitudinal plane horizontally and
markings if width >2.1m and vertically, compatible with the shape, structure, design and operational.
(reflective length > 6m If partial markings fitted, shall follow as close as practical the contour of outer shape of trailer
contour tape Category
SIDE
(6.21 R48)
reflective tape evident: Yes/No Yes No
Reflective white or yellow : Partial contour marking at both end top side corners? (see image pg 14 below)
Within 600mm of either end of trailer?
Record E number: mm
Must cover at least 70% of the overall length? (see image pg. 14 below)
Lowest edge within 250 and 1500mm from the ground mm
Remarks if any (Conspicuity markings side):
Page 13 Rev. 03
Appendix 1-Conspicuity illustratations
Page 14 Rev. 03
Page 15 Rev. 03
Page 16 Rev. 03
Appendix 2 - Example of approval mark on rear lamp cluster
Above is an example of an approval mark on a lamp cluster. The letter “F” indicates Fog lamp function, “2a” indicates direction indicator function, “AR”
indicates reversing lamp function, “R” indicates rear position lamp function, “S1” indicates stop lamp function. The two digits directly underneath each letter
indicates the series of amendments it complies to. The “E9” in the circle is the country it was approved in. The number underneath E9 “1432” is the
sequential approval number assigned by the country which approved
Page 17 Rev. 03
Appendix 3 – Template for gauge design for checking geometric visibility
Page 18 Rev. 03
Appendix 3 – Template for gauge design for checking geometric visibility
Page 19 Rev. 03
ATC Inspection procedure for trailers of category O1, O2
Important Note: ATC inspections must be completely impartial and independent of any
commercial activity associated with the vehicle
The following ATC report is for inspection of category O1, O2 trailers

The full ATC report plus documents as in table below should be forwarded to NSAI. Photos of the
inspected trailer (including a photo of the VIN as on the vehicle) must also be forwarded. A copy of
ATC report must also be given to applicant.
This document does not need to be completed electronically and may be completed by biro, scanned and
returned.
All relevant sections should be signed and stamped by the ATC.
The following documents may be presented with the trailer for ATC inspection:
SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS Present Not

present1
- Completed NSAI evaluation form
- Coupling manufacturers certificate and installation instructions for device
- Braking reports
- Any additionally technically relevant information e.g. drawings, weigh
docket, other type approval certificates/test reports not mentioned above
DETAILS
Applicant Name:
Category:
Trailer description (e.g. box
body, tipper etc…)
Name of ATC:
Name of ATC tester:
Note to ATC inspector:

Please complete all sections below plus additional supplementary report for light
installation TR-020-O
1
If not available at time of inspection, can be forwarded to NSAI prior to final approval so long as it does not
prevent the ATC from carrying out relevant inspection
Page 1 of 10
ATC inspection checklist Performed Remarks
(if any)
General construction (item 0) Yes No

Inspection checklist as per item 0 below?
Plates (item 18) Yes No

Statutory plate and VIN inspection of trailer item 18 below?
Rear registration plate space (item 4) Yes No

Inspection of registration plate space item 4 below?
Rear under run (item 3) Yes No

Inspection of rear under run section item 3 below?
Tyre installation (item 46) Yes No

Inspection of tyres as per item 46 below?
Steering (item 5) Yes No

Steering check item 5 below (if one or more axles steered)?
Masses and dimensions (item 48) Yes No

Dimensional and manoeuvrability check as per item 48 below?
Coupling (item 50) Yes No

Coupling inspection as per item 50 below?
Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) (Item 10) Yes No

Inspection of additionally added electronic components item 10
below?
ATC inspection checklist (Supplementary reports) Separate reports required
to be attached
Light Installation: (Test record TR-020) Yes No

Remarks(if any)
Page 2 of 10
0. General construction requirements (TR-000)

(extracted requirements from S.I 280 of 2017)
Compliance with
requirements
(Yes/No/remarks)
Requirements: Yes No
1. All aspects of the design and construction of the vehicle/trailer and its
equipment shall be such that no danger is caused or likely to be caused to
any person in the vehicle or on a road.
2. In particular, under all normal conditions likely to be encountered
while the vehicle/trailer is being driven on a road, including when the
vehicle/trailer is loaded to its maximum gross weight and the axle weight of
Yes No
• it shall be possible to control the vehicle safely, taking account of
the vehicle’s speed and acceleration capabilities;
• it shall at all times be possible for the driver, while controlling the
vehicle, to have a full view of the road and traffic ahead of the
vehicle;
• the clearance between any of the following parts of the vehicle,
namely the tyres, wheels, other rotating components associated
with the transmission of engine power or braking, moveable parts
of the steering mechanism and fixed parts shall be sufficient to
ensure no risk of fouling and the wheels and wheel fixings shall be
compatible;
• the vehicle structure (chassis or integral chassis-body), shall be so
designed and constructed as to withstand the forces and vibration to
which it is likely to be subject;
• all entries and exits provided for the vehicle occupants (other than
doors) shall be so designed as to allow easy and safe use;
• all aperture covers (other than doors) including tail gates, boot and
bonnet lids, shall be capable of being securely latched in the fully
closed position;
• the steering, suspension, axles and wheels shall be so designed,
constructed and fitted as to withstand the forces and vibration to
which they are likely to be subject;
• the electrical system, including the battery, electrical components
and wires, shall be securely attached to the vehicle.
In particular, the maximum distance between attachments
of wires, except those contained within hollow components,
shall be 300 mm and wires shall be so fitted and protected
All components shall be so constructed and fitted as to
minimise the risk of corrosion and fire.
Remarks (if any):
Page 3 of 10
18. Plates and identification (TR-018)

Compliance with
requirements
(Yes/No/remarks)
Requirements
Statutory plate contains: Yes No
Name of manufacturer:
Type-approval number (if available at time of inspection):
Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) or Unique Identifier:
Maximum permitted laden mass of the trailer:
Maximum permitted road mass for each axle, listed in order from front
to rear (including king pin/coupling device):
Maximum permitted mass on axle group identified by “T”:
Requirements
Vehicle Identification number/identifier: Yes No
VIN or unique identifier is marked on chassis or other structure in such
a way that it cannot be obliterated or deteriorate:
The height of the characters shall not be less than 4 mm.
Location on trailer:
Location of manufacturers plate:
Location of VIN number marked on chassis
Remarks (if any):
4. Rear Registration plate space (TR-004)

Requirements:
• The space for mounting the rear registration plate shall comprise an Width
mm
even or virtually even rectangular surface with the following
dimensions: Height:
Width 520 with height 120mm mm
or Width 340 with height 240mm
• The space must allow the mounting of a plate in a position as close to
vertical as is possible by the vehicle structure available.
o < 30º from the vertical if plate is facing upwards.
o < 15º from the vertical if plate is facing downwards.
• The plate shall be visible in the whole space (Yes/No).
• Height of lower edge of plate from the ground (>0.3m) mm
• Height of upper edge of plate from the ground (<1.2m)2 mm
• Located centrally or left of center but within left outer edge Y: N:
Remarks (if any):
2
However, where it is impossible in practice to comply with this provision, the height may exceed
1.20 m but no case exceed 2 m
Page 4 of 10
3. Rear Under run (TR-003) Result

• When the construction of the rear of the vehicle forms the rear under run mm
protection device, then the ground clearance of the rear part of the
vehicle must not exceed 550mm over a width which is not shorter than
that of the rear axle by more than 100mm on either side (excluding any
tyre bulging close to the ground).
46. Tyre Installation (TR-046)

Requirement
All tyres are fitted with e or E marked tyres (record approval E number:
number and the axle number its fitted on)
All tyres are marked with the appropriate speed and load ratings for Speed rating:
their particular axle locations and the intended use of the vehicle.
Load rating:
Each tyre fitted must have the same structure (e.g. bias-belted, crossply Compliance with
or radial), nominal size and aspect ratio as any other tyre on the same requirements
axle Yes No
Remarks (if any):
10. Electro-magnetic compatibility (EMC) (TR-010)
To check inspect additionally added electronic components have appropriate E-markings.

NSAI may have advised on additionally added EMC equipment. Locate devices and record
details in table below
FUNCTION OF DEVICE TRADENAME OF DEVICE E-MARK OF DEVICE
For example: For example: For example:
Refrigeration unit for cooling Fridge king E44- 10R- 05 1234
body
Page 5 of 10
48. Masses and dimensions

Overall Dimensions
Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm)
Axle Track (mm)
Wheelbase (distance from centre of coupling to centre of first axle): mm

Axle spacing (if more that single axle): mm
Rear overhang : mm
(centre of rearmost axle to rearmost point of trailer)
Distance between centre of coupling device and centre of foremost axle mm
(mm):
Length of loading area (mm): mm
Manoeuvrability requirements
Drive test method

Any trailer must be able to manoeuvre on either side for a complete circular trajectory of 360°
inside an area defined by two concentric circles, the outer circle having a radius of 12,50 m and the
inner circle having a radius of 5.30 m, without any of the vehicle's outermost points (with the
exception of the protruding parts prescribed for the vehicle width in appendix 4 below ) projecting
outside the circumferences of the outermost circle or inside the inner most .
Yes No
Manoeuvrability requirements met by drive test method above:
If yes, submit video of test with this report
Page 6 of 10
5. Steering (if applicable)

See appendix 3 below for definitions
The tests outlined below must be performed in a flat open area test site, marked out
accordingly with minimum dimension of 65m x 65m to allow manoeuvrability tests.
Video evidence of test required
Yes No
Are any of the axles steered axles?
Number of steered axles (foremost axle is No1, next is 2 and so on): Axle No(s):
Yes No
Type of steering:
Self-tracking steering equipment:
Articulated steering:
Self-steering:
Type of steering:
Purely mechanical steering transmission:
Purely hydraulic steering transmission:
Purely electric steering transmission:
Requirement Result
• (1)The steering system shall ensure easy and safe handling of the
vehicle
• (2)The trailer must travel without excessive deviation or unusual
vibration in its steering equipment when the towing vehicle is
travelling in a straight line on a flat and horizontal road
• (3)With the towing vehicle and trailer having adopted a steady state
turn corresponding to a turning circle radius of 25 m (see definition
below) at a constant speed of 5 km/h, the circle described by the
rearmost outer edge of the trailer shall be measured. This manoeuvre
shall be repeated under the same conditions but at a speed of 25 km/h
± 1 km/h. During these manoeuvres, the rearmost outer edge of the
trailer travelling at a speed of 25 km/h ± 1 km/h shall not move outside
the circle described at a constant speed of 5 km/h by more than 0.7 m.
See figure 2 below
• (4)No part of the trailer shall move more than 0.5 m beyond the
tangent to a circle with a radius of 25 m when towed by a vehicle
leaving the circular path described in paragraph item 3 above. along
the tangent and travelling at a speed of 25 km/h. This requirement
must be met from the point the tangent meets the circle to a point 40 m
along the tangent.
See figure 3 below
Page 7 of 10
Illustration of steering test requirements above items (3) and (4)
Page 8 of 10
9. Brakes
(Section below for inertia brakes-over run brakes only)
Yes No
Is the braking system for the trailer inertia brakes (over run brakes)?
Result Observation/ comments
(Pass/Fail)
-A laden parking brake test shall be carried out on the
trailer on an 18° gradient
- Check to see if reverse is capable with towing vehicle
Visual inspection of :
- sliding member to ensure brake can be fully applied
- sliding members of control device are protected by

bellows or some equivalent device
technical reports according to Directive 71/320/EEC,

Annex VIII, appendix 2 and 3 and a compatibility check
to annex VIII appendix 4
50. Couplings
EC approval number of coupling device:
Class of coupling device:
D-value:
S-value:
Coupling Heads fitted to Trailers of Maximum Mass 3.5 tonnes

Check the security of the coupling ball and towing
bracket paying particular attention to:
- The number and grade of securing bolts No. of bolts:

required:
Size of bolts:
Grade of bolts:
- Whether appropriate reinforcement or load Loader spreader plates fitted: Yes No 

spreader plates are fitted:
Installed in accordance with
Manufacturers installation instructions: Manufacturer’s instructions: Yes No 
Check installation height of the coupling head: Height from ground: mm
*(Trailer floor or loading surface must in be in a ( 430 + 35 mm)
horizontal position)
The design of the drawbar including the coupling Separation chain fitted: Yes No 
head for use on O1 and O2 centre axle trailers shall Breakaway cable fitted Yes No 
be such as to prevent the coupling head from digging
into the ground in the event of separation from the
main coupling
Page 9 of 10
Attachment of Drawbar Eyes and Drawbars on Trailers
-Drawbars for centre-axle trailers must have a Vertical load on drawbar eye: kg
support device adjustable in height if the vertical (S-value)
bearing load at the drawbar eye on the trailer type
exceeds 50 kg, when the trailer is uniformly loaded If greater than 50kg, adjustable
to its technically permissible maximum mass: support device fitted: Yes No 
Hinged drawbars shall be clear of the ground. They mm
shall not fall below a height of 200 mm from the
ground when released from the horizontal position.
IMPORTANT NOTICE: Light installation is a separate report

and must be completed separately and attached with this report

Report TR020 - O to be completed by the ATC and attached
Equipment and calibration data for all tests/inspections carried out:
Equipment name Serial number Calibration due date Test record No
Remarks:
Signature and Authorisation of ATC
I confirm that I have carried out all relevant inspections as per this inspection report in accordance with the
test procedures for this category of vehicle and category of approval.
I confirm that this ATC can be considered impartial and independent of any commercial activity associated
with this trailer.
Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)

/unique identifier:___________________________________________________________
Signature Date
----------------------- -----------------------
Name
[official stamp of ATC
Page 10 of 10
Annex III
Response Time Test (extract from UN-ECE R13.06)
E/ECE/324
E/ECE/TRANS/505 Rev.1/Add.12/Rev.6
Regulation No. 13
page 86
Annex 6
Annex 6
METHOD OF MEASURING THE RESPONSE TIME ON VEHICLES
EQUIPPED WITH COMPRESSED-AIR BRAKING SYSTEMS
1. GENERAL
1.1. The response times of the service braking system shall be determined on the stationary vehicle, the
pressure being measured at the intake to the cylinder of the least favourably placed brake. In the case of
vehicles fitted with combined compressed-air/hydraulic braking systems, the pressure may be measured at
the opening of the least favourably placed pneumatic unit. For vehicles equipped with load sensing valves,
these devices shall be set in the "laden" position.
1.2. During the test, the stroke of the brake cylinders of the various axles shall be that required for brakes
adjusted as closely as possible.
1.3. The response times determined in accordance with the provisions of this annex shall be rounded to the
nearest tenth of a second. If the figure representing the hundredth is five or more, the response time shall
be rounded up to the next higher tenth.
2. POWER-DRIVEN VEHICLES
2.1. At the beginning of each test, the pressure in the energy storage device shall be equal to the pressure at
which the governor restores the feed to the system. In systems not equipped with a governor (e.g., pressure-
limited compressors) the pressure in the energy storage device at the beginning of each test shall be 90 per
cent of the pressure specified by the manufacturer and defined in paragraph 1.2.2.1. of Part A of Annex 7 to
this Regulation, used for the tests prescribed in this annex.
2.2. The response times as a function of the actuating time (tf) shall be obtained by a succession of full
actuations, beginning with the shortest possible actuating time and increasing to a time of about 0.4 seconds.
The measured values shall be plotted on a graph.
2.3. The response time to be taken into consideration for the purpose of the test is that corresponding to an
actuating time of 0.2 seconds. This response time can be obtained from the graph by interpolation.
Page 1 of 7
2.4. For an actuating time of 0.2 seconds, the time elapsing from the initiation of the braking system control
actuation to the moment when the pressure in the brake cylinder reaches 75 per cent of its asymptotic value
shall not exceed 0.6 seconds.
2.5. In the case of power-driven vehicles having a pneumatic control line for trailers, in addition to the
requirements of paragraph 1.1. of this annex, the response time shall be measured at the extremity of a pipe
2.5 m long with an internal diameter of 13 mm which shall be joined to the coupling head of the control line
of the service braking system. During this test, a volume of 385 + 5 cm3 (which is deemed to be equivalent
to the volume of a pipe 2.5 m long with an internal diameter of 13 mm and under a
pressure of 650 kPa) shall be connected to the coupling head of the supply line. Tractors for semi-trailers
shall be equipped with flexible pipes for making the connection to semi-trailers. The coupling heads will,
therefore, be at the extremity of those flexible pipes. The length and internal diameter of the pipes shall be
entered at item 14.7.3. of the form conforming to the model in Annex 2 to this Regulation.
2.6. The time elapsing from the initiation of brake-pedal actuation to the moment when (a) the pressure
measured at the coupling head of the pneumatic control line, (b) the digital demand value in the electric
control line measured according to ISO 11992:2003 reaches x per cent of its asymptotic, respectively final,
value shall not exceed the times shown in the table below:
X (per cent) t(s)

10 0.2
75 0.4
2.7. In the case of power-driven vehicles authorized to tow trailers of category O3 or O4 fitted with
compressed-air braking systems, in addition to the above-mentioned requirements, the prescriptions in
paragraph 5.2.1.18.4.1. of this Regulation shall be verified by conducting the following test:
(a) by measuring the pressure at the extremity of a pipe 2.5 m long with an internal
diameter of 13 mm which shall be joined to the coupling head of the supply
line;
(b) by simulating a failure of the control line at the coupling head;
(c) by actuating the service braking control device in 0.2 seconds, as described in paragraph 2.3
above.
3. TRAILERS
3.1. The trailer's response times shall be measured without the power-driven vehicle. To replace the power-
driven vehicle, it is necessary to provide a simulator to which the coupling heads of the supply line, the
pneumatic control line and/or the connector of the electric control line are connected.
Page 2 of 7
3.2. The pressure in the supply line shall be 650 kPa.
3.3. The simulator for pneumatic control lines shall have the following characteristics:
3.3.1. It shall have a reservoir with a capacity of 30 litres which shall be charged to a pressure of 650 kPa
before each test and which shall not be recharged during each test. At the outlet of the braking control
device, the simulator shall incorporate an orifice with a diameter of from 4.0 to 4.3 mm inclusive. The volume
of the pipe measured from the orifice up to and including the coupling head shall be 385 + 5 cm3 (which is
deemed to be equivalent to the volume of a pipe 2.5 m long with an internal
diameter of 13 mm and under a pressure of 650 kPa). The control line pressures referred to in paragraph
3.3.3. of this annex shall be measured immediately downstream of the orifice.
3.3.2. The braking system control shall be so designed that its performance in use is not affected by the tester.
3.3.3. The simulator shall be set, e.g. through the choice of orifice in accordance with paragraph 3.3.1. of this
annex in such a way that, if a reservoir of 385 + 5 cm3 is joined to it, the time taken for the pressure to
increase from 65 to 490 kPa (10 and 75 per cent respectively of the nominal pressure of 650 kPa) shall be 0.2
+ 0.01 seconds. If a reservoir of 1155 + 15 cm3 is substituted for the above-mentioned reservoir, the time
taken for the pressure to increase from 65 to 490 kPa without further adjustment shall be 0.38 + 0.02
seconds. Between these two pressure values, the pressure shall increase in an approximately linear way.
These reservoirs shall be connected to the coupling head without using flexible pipes and the connection
shall have an internal diameter of not less than 10 mm.
3.3.4. The diagrams in the appendix to this annex give an example of the correct configuration of the
simulator for setting and use.
3.4. The simulator for checking the response to signals transmitted via the electric control line shall have the
following characteristics:
3.4.1. The simulator shall produce a digital demand signal in the electric control line according to ISO 11992-
2:2003 and shall provide the appropriate information to the trailer via pins 6 and 7 of the ISO 7638:1997
connector. For the purpose of response time measurement the simulator may at the manufacturer's request
transmit to the trailer information that no pneumatic control line is present and that the electric control line
demand signal is generated from two independent circuits (see paragraphs 6.4.2.2.24. and 6.4.2.2.25. of ISO
11992-2:2003).
3.4.2. The braking system control shall be so designed that its performance in use is not affected by the tester.
3.4.3. For the purpose of response time measurement the signal produced by the electric simulator shall be
equivalent to a linear pneumatic pressure increase from 0.0 to 650 kPa in 0.2 + 0.01 seconds.
3.4.4. The diagrams in the appendix to this annex give an example of the correct
configuration of the simulator for setting and use.
3.5. Performance requirements
Page 3 of 7
3.5.1. For trailers with a pneumatic control line the time elapsing between the moment when the pressure
produced in the control line by the simulator reaches 65 kPa and the moment when the pressure in the brake
actuator of the trailer reaches 75 per cent of its asymptotic value shall not exceed 0.4 seconds.
3.5.1.1. Trailers equipped with a pneumatic control line and having electric control transmission shall be
checked with the electrical power supplied to the trailer via the ISO 7638:1997 connector (5 or 7 pin).
3.5.2. For trailers with an electric control line the time elapsing between the moment when the signal
produced by the simulator exceeds the equivalent of 65 kPa and the moment when the pressure in the brake
actuator of the trailer reaches 75 per cent of its asymptotic value shall not exceed 0.4 seconds.
3.5.3. In the case of trailers equipped with a pneumatic and an electric control line, the response time
measurement for each control line shall be determined independently according to the relevant procedure
defined above.
Page 4 of 7
Page 5 of 7
Page 6 of 7
Page 7 of 7

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NSAI

Guidance document for

National Vehicle Approvals

Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 1 of 56

Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 2 of 56

Area of compliance trailer inspected.......................................................................................... 6

Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 3 of 56

Flow chart of approval process

Step 1: Manufacturer/applicant submits approval file to

Step 2: NSAI Preliminary/pre-ATC review. Transfers

Step 3: ATC carries out required inspection. If meets

Step 4: NSAI carries out final review on returned ATC

Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 4 of 56

Approval documents to be submitted to NSAI by Applicant

Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 5 of 56

Areas of compliance trailer inspected

Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 6 of 56

Examples of inspection failure:

Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 7 of 56

3. Rear Underrun Protection (RUP)

Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 8 of 56

3. Rear Underrun Protection (RUP)

Figure A (sample of E mark on a RUP device)

Figure B (extract from RUP approval certificate, item no 10)

Figure C (extract from RUP installation requirements)

Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 9 of 56

3. Rear Underrun Protection (RUP)

Examples of inspection failure:

4. Rear registration plate space

ATC Inspection (TR-004)

Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 10 of 56

Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 11 of 56

Requirement (O1, O2)

Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 12 of 56

ATC Inspection (O1, O2 Inertia overrun brakes)

Requirement (O3, O4)

Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 13 of 56

Additional Requirements for Trailers

Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 14 of 56

• Wheel-locking at performance levels above 13.5 % is permitted.

Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 15 of 56

o Full trailer, laden and unladen 50%

Response Time (extract from Annex 4 of R13)

Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 16 of 56

10. Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Example of an EMC approval mark on device

Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 17 of 56

Requirement (Manufacturer’s Statutory plates)

Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 18 of 56

Example of VIN structure

Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 19 of 56

20. Installation of lighting and light signalling devices

Rev 01 19-03-2019 Page 20 of 56

20. Installation of lighting and light signalling devices

End Outline Marker:

Side Outline Marker:

Direction Indicators and Hazard Warning:

20. Installation of lighting and light signalling devices

Function Colour Presence Number Arrangement Position* Geometric Visibility