A study of post covid complication in recovered patient among the people of Guwahati city

Individuals experiencing symptoms sometimes refer to themselves as “long

haulers” because they are experiencing longer symptoms of COVID-19.
During acute illness, COVID-19 can cause damage to organs throughout the
body. This increases the risk of long-term health problems that individuals
may continue to face months after the initial infection.  

While the lungs are the first organs affected by COVID-19, we are learning
that many organs beyond the lungs can be affected. Healthcare providers are
reporting long-term impacts that may affect the heart, kidneys, skin and brain.
Older adults and people with underlying medical conditions are more likely to
have lingering COVID-19 symptoms. However, even people who were not
hospitalized and who had mild illness can experience persistent or late
symptoms long after the few weeks it takes most people to recover.  Most
commonly, these longer-term symptoms include:

 Fatigue
Shortness of breathFor some people, coronavirus (COVID-19) can cause symptoms
that last weeks or months after the infection has gone. This is sometimes called post-
COVID-19 syndrome or "long COVID".

About long COVID

How long it takes to recover from COVID-19 is different for everybody.

Many people feel better in a few days or weeks and most will make a full recovery within
12 weeks. But for some people, symptoms can last longer.

The chances of having long-term symptoms does not seem to be linked to how ill you
are when you first get COVID-19.

People who had mild symptoms at first can still have long-term problems.

Symptoms of long COVID

There are lots of symptoms you can have after a COVID-19 infection.

Common long COVID symptoms include:

  extreme tiredness (fatigue)
 shortness of breath
 chest pain or tightness
 problems with memory and concentration ("brain fog")
 difficulty sleeping (insomnia)
 heart palpitations
 dizziness
 pins and needles
 joint pain
 depression and anxiety
 tinnitus, earaches
 feeling sick, diarrhoea, stomach aches, loss of appetite
 a high temperature, cough, headaches, sore throat, changes to sense of smell or
taste
 rashes


In the waning phase of the pandemic, beginning on April 21, 2020, the Fondazione
Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS in Rome, Italy, established a postacute
outpatient service for individuals discharged from the hospital after recovery from
COVID-19. All patients who met World Health Organization criteria for discontinuation of
quarantine (no fever for 3 consecutive days, improvement in other symptoms, and 2
negative test results for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-
2] 24 hours apart) were followed up. At enrollment in the study, real-time reverse
transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV-2 was performed and patients
with a negative test result were included.

Patients were offered a comprehensive medical assessment with detailed history and
physical examination. Data on all clinical characteristics, including clinical and
pharmacological history, lifestyle factors, vaccination status, and body measurements,
were collected in a structured electronic data collection system. The COVID-19
postacute outpatient service is currently active, and further details about the patient
evaluation protocol are described elsewhere.5From April 21 to May 29, 2020, 179
patients were potentially eligible for the follow-up post–acute care assessment; 14
individuals (8%) refused to participate and 22 had a positive test result. Thus, 143
patients were included. The mean age was 56.5 (SD, 14.6) years (range, 19-84 years),
and 53 (37%) were women. During hospitalization, 72.7% of participants had evidence
of interstitial pneumonia. The mean length of hospital stay was 13.5 (SD, 9.7) days; 21
patients (15%) received noninvasive ventilation and 7 patients (5%) received invasive
ventilation. The characteristics of the study population are summarized in the Table.

Patients were assessed a mean of 60.3 (SD, 13.6) days after onset of the first COVID-
19 symptom; at the time of the evaluation, only 18 (12.6%) were completely free of any
COVID-19–related symptom, while 32% had 1 or 2 symptoms and 55% had 3 or more.
None of the patients had fever or any signs or symptoms of acute illness. Worsened
quality of life was observed among 44.1% of patients. The Figure shows that a high
proportion of individuals still reported fatigue (53.1%), dyspnea (43.4%), joint pain,
(27.3%) and chest pain (21.7%).bstract
The novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an illness caused due to Severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared this outbreak a
global health emergency and as on April 24, 2020, it has spread to 213 countries, with 25,91,015 confirmed
cases and 742,855 cases have been recovered from COVID-19. In this dreadful situation our team has already
published an article in the Science of the Total Environment, which elaborates the various aspects of the
SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this situation, it is imperative to understand the possible outcome of COVID-19
recovered patients and determine if they have any other detrimental illnesses by longitudinal analysis to
safeguard their life in future. It is necessary to follow-up these recovered patients and performs comprehensive
assessments for detection and appropriate management towards their psychological, physical, and social realm.
This urges us to suggest that it is highly important to provide counselling, moral support as well as a few
recommended guidelines to the recovered patients and society to restore to normalcy. Epidemiological, clinical
and immunological studies from COVID-19 recovered patients are particularly important to understand the
disease and to prepare better for potential outbreaks in the future. Longitudinal studies on a larger cohort
would help us to understand the in-depth prognosis as well as the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Also, follow-up
studies will help us provide more information for the development of vaccines and drugs for these kinds of
pandemics in the future. Hence, we recommend more studies are required to unravel the possible mechanism
of COVID-19 infection and the after-effects of it to understand the characteristics of the virus and to develop
the necessary precautionary measures to prevent it.

Links
Publisher Full Text
PMC Free PDF

Authors+Show Affiliations
Balachandar V 
Mahalaxmi I 
Subramaniam M 
Kaavya J 
Senthil Kumar N 
Laldinmawii G 
Narayanasamy A 
Janardhana Kumar Reddy P 
Sivaprakash P 
Kanchana S 
Vivekanandhan G 
Cho SG 

MeSH
 BetacoronavirusCOVID-19Coronavirus InfectionsFollow-Up StudiesHumansPandemicsPneumonia,
ViralSARS-CoV-2

Pub Type(s)
Journal Article
Review

Language
eng

PubMed ID
32360909

o Links
o Publisher Full Text
o PMC Free PDF
o Authors
o Balachandar V
o Mahalaxmi I
o Subramaniam M
o Kaavya J
o Senthil Kumar N
o Laldinmawii G
o Narayanasamy A
o Janardhana Kumar Reddy P
 MESH
 Betacoronavirus
 COVID-19
 Coronavirus Infections
 Follow-Up Studies
 Humans
 Pandemics
 Pneumonia, Viral
 SARS-CoV-2

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More

The first case of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Indian state of Assam was reported on 31 March

2020.[3] As of 16 May 2021, the Government of Assam has confirmed a total of 89,468[note 4] positive
cases of COVID-19 including 67,641 recoveries, three migrations and 234 deaths in the state. [4] The
state's as well as northeast's largest city, Guwahati, has been worst affected by coronavirus.[15]
The COVID-19 outbreak in Assam has been traced to persons who attended the conference of the
Tablighi Jamaat religious organisation at Nizamuddin Markaz (Delhi) and did not report to the
authorities after their return to Assam.[16][17] Out of the total patients of COVID-19 in Assam – 37 are
either attendees or contacts of Tablighi Jamaat.[18] The COVID-19 tally in Assam also shoots up due
to some pilgrims of Ajmer Sharif Dargah (Rajasthan), who arrived in the Silchar city of Cachar
district by bus on 6 May. Later on, 10 pilgrims tested positive for coronavirus and the others were
sent to quarantine as per guidelines. [19][20] The state has also begun witnessing a spike in the number
of COVID-19 cases as the migrant workers and many people of Assam stranded in other parts of the
country returned to Assam. Many of them tested positive for coronavirus when they were in
quarantine in the respective quarantine centres of the state. [21][22]
In the fight against coronavirus, many frontline warriors of COVID-19 have also tested positive in
Assam. Though many of them have later recovered, a very few have lost their lives. [23][24] So far,
the Assam Police has registered 3,005 COVID-19 cases among its personnel. Of them, 2,274 have
recovered, 723 are undergoing treatment, while eight have lost their lives to the virus. [25]