Professional Documents
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Texto de Inglés Ii 3º Nivel 2021
Texto de Inglés Ii 3º Nivel 2021
Texto de Inglés Ii 3º Nivel 2021
R.M. Nº 635/2016
CARRERA DE SECRETARIADO EJECUTIVO
POTOSÍ-BOLIVIA
2021
Lesson One (1)
The first lesson (1st)
ARRANGING MEETINGS
2
THE INTERVIEW
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We use will to talk about the future:
Will +infinitive (will be/will win/will come etc.):
Be
Be?
I/we/you/they Will (‘ll) Win
will I/we/you/they Win?
Eat
Eat?
He /she/ it Will not Come
He /she/ it Come? etc.
(won’t) etc.
Ejem:
You can phone me this evening. I’ll be at home
Leave the old bread in the garden. The birds will eat it.
We’ll probably go out this evening.
Will you be at home this evening?
I won’t be here tomorrow. (= I will not be here)
Do you think the exam will be difficult?
You can say I shall (I will) and we shall (we will):
I shall be late tomorrow or I will (I’ll) be late tomorrow.
I think we shall win or I think we will (we’ll) win
But do not use shall with you/they/he/it:
Juan will be late. (not “Juan shall be”
EXPRESSIONS
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OBJECTS PRONOUNS = PRONOMBRE OBJETO
Los pronombres objeto sirven como sustituto del objeto en una frase y se emplean para evitar las
repeticiones. Pueden ser utilizados tambien como objetos directos e indirectos.
Personal Objects Pronouns
Pronouns Please help me ¡, give me a hand.
I Yo Me me,mi
My brother made you cry yesterday.
You tu You (singular)(te,contigo, ti,lo, a Ud.)
When Abigail saw him, she fell in love.
He Él Him lo,le (a él)
She Ella Her la, le (a ella) Marcial thought of her all day long.
It (neutro) It la, lo, le I saw the movie JESÚS last night and I enjoyed it.
We Nosotros Us nos, a nosotros (as) It would be nice if you came to the office with us.
You Uds. You (plural) les, os, con Uds, con
vosotros, los, Uds, las) We accompanied you to the office.
They ellos, as Them los,las, les (a ellos, ellas) Juan and Norka are over there. Greet them.
EXERCISES
En cada oración decide si tienes que usar el Pronombre Sujeto o el Pronombre Objeto.
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Lesson Two (2)
The Second lesson (2nd)
CREETING VISITORS
A greeting may seem simple – it’s just saying hello, right? – No, the greeting is your first opportunity to
make an impression on your visitors, and what you say – and how you say it – will set the tone for the
rest of the conversation and potential business outcomes.
Firstly, and most importantly, your visitor greeting should build trust, put the customer at ease, and get
you on common ground. Here are 5 simple steps that make a successful visitor greeting:
1. - Go to the visitor, do not have them come to you, many visitors are nervous about meeting new
people.
2. - begin with, “welcome, my name is Lesly Ari, and yours?” and put your hand out for a handshake.
3. - remember, they are there for themselves, not for you. Don’t tell them your life story or make small
talk. You must be interested in THEM.
4. - treat all new visitors as prospects from the beginning, through the pitch, through the
presentation, through the close, and on through the follow-up.
5. - be positive, don’t go looking for reason why they won’t buy. Only focus on reason why they will.
TERRIBLE, BUT COMMONLY USED GREETINGS INCLUDE:
“Can I help you?”
“What can I do for you”?
“Here’s my card, if you need anything I’ll be over there.”
“Anyone got you yet?”
FUTURE WITH “GOING TO”
a) I’m going to (do something)
We use am/is/are + going to…. For the future: She is going to watch TV this evening.
I am Do…. Am I Buy…..?
He/she/it is (not) going to Drink… Is he/she/i Going to Eat……?
We/you/they are Watch… Are We/you/they Wear….?
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Eat do give lie down stay walk wash watch wear
1. - My hands are dirty. ………………………………………………………them
2. - What …………………………………………. to the party tonight?
3. - I don’t want to go home by bus. I ………………………………………………….. .
4. - Juan is going to Bolivia next week. He …………………………………………………………. With some friend.
5. - I am hungry. I ……………………………………………… this sandwich.
6. - It’s Rosalie’s birthday next week. We………………………………………………. A gift.
7. - Senovia says she’s feeling very tired. She ………………………………………… for an hour.
8. - there’s a good film on TV this evening. ……………………………………you …………………………………it?
9. - What …………………………… Tatiana ……………………………………. when she leaves school?
MAY /MEI/
1) Este verbo modal se usa para indicar posibilidades en un future y se usa de la siguiente
manera.
. He may come tomorrow – es possible que vengas mañana.
. He may not come tomorrow – es possible que no vengas mañana
. you may start the exam, if you want. – puedes empezar con el examen, si queres
. May he come tomorrow – es possible que vengas mañana?
. may I leave now? - ¿le import asi salgo ahora?
SHORT ANSWERS
Yes, he may
No, he may not
WOULD //
Es un verbo auxiliar que representa las terminaciones de los verbos españoles - ría, - rías, - ríamos, -y
rian.
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Lo que normalmente más le suena a la gente es I WOULD LIKE (me gustaría), por ejemplo:
Se puede aplicar WOULD a cualquier verbo cuando el verbo en español acaba con una de las
termionaciones ría, - rías, - ríamos, -y rian (solo hay par de excepciones – podrias y deberias).
POSITIVE NEGATIVE
I would go I would buy I would not go I would not buy
I would like to speak/ talk with you. /Iwouldn’t buy
He would finish soon We wouldn’t have dinner so late.
Why wouldn’t they change it?
INTERROGATIVE
Would you say?
Would you like to come?
When would they start?
What time would we finish?
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Lesson Three (3)
The Third lesson (3rd)
CONFIRMING A SERVICE
INSIDE
ADDRESS Mr. Jorge O. Camargo
S 415 Murillo Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10022
SALUTATION
or GREETING
Dear Mr. Camargo
Study this letter and the explanations give in the pages that follow.
You will quickly learn
BODY
(TEXT)
a) the parts of the business letter
b) the placement of the parts on the page
c) The punctuation needed in each part.
When you have completed this study, refer to the letters you have
written in previous
SIGNATURE Lessons and see if they apply these rules of arrangement and punctuation.
COMPLIMENTARY
Very truly yours CLOSING
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Now look at john’s letter and check if you were right. Notice that the writer has used blocked style, as is common in typed letters.
17 Enfiel Road
Twickenham
Middlesex
TW67JY
September 15, 2021
Quality Leathers
112 Castle Road
Edinburgh
ED8 7HP
Dear Sir,
I am writing to complain about a leather jacket which I bought from your store while on holiday
three weeks ago. I tried a jacket on the shop and checked it carefully for flaws. When I got to the
cash desk, however, the assistant persuaded me to take one which was already packaged, and
assured me it was perfect.
When I got home and tried the jacket on, I found a large rip under the side pocket. As you will
realize, I was extremely upset to discover this. The jacket was by no means cheap, and I only bought
it from you because of your reputation for quality. In fact, I have always recommended your store
to friends in the past. I shall think twice before I do so again!
I am returning the jacket whit this letter and look forward to receiving an apology and a full refund
of the cost - £ 290. 50
From you
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Vocabulary
GRAMMAR PRONOUNS
Personal Pronouns. - Are used as a substitute for a person's name. There are two kinds: subjective and
objective pronouns. That is, they either act as the subject of the sentence or the object of the sentence.
As the subject of a sentence, they are: I, you, he, she, it, we and they. For example:
They went to the store.
I don't want to leave.
He runs a great shop in town.
You can't leave, either.
As the object of the sentence, they are: Me, you, her, him, it, us and them. For example:
Please don't sit beside me.
Go talk to her.
Mary put the gift under it.
Don't look at them.
For more, check out Subject Versus Object Pronouns.
Possessive Pronouns. - Show ownership or possession of a noun. They are: My, our, your, his, her, its
(note there is no apostrophe) and their. For example:
Is that my book?
No, that's his book.
That's its shelf.
I'd like to see their bookshelves.
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However, there are also independent possessive pronouns. These pronouns refer to a previously
named or understood noun. They stand alone and aren't followed by any other noun. They are: Mine,
ours, yours, his, hers, its and theirs. For example:
That's mine.
Wrong. It's ours.
So, I suppose those clothes are yours?
No, it's theirs.
Indefinite Pronouns.- don't point to particular nouns. We use them when an object doesn't need to be
specifically identified. As such, it can remain indefinite. They include: Few, everyone, all, some,
anything and nobody. For example:
Most wealth is held by a select few.
Everyone is here already.
I don't have any paper napkins. Can you bring some?
He's nobody.
Relative Pronouns.- Are used to connect a clause or phrase to a noun or pronoun. We often see them
when we need to add more information. They are: Who, whom, which, whoever, whomever,
whichever and that.
For example:
The driver who ran the stop sign was careless.
I don't know which pair of shoes you want.
Take whichever ones you want.
No, not that one.
Intensive Pronouns. - Emphasize, or intensify, nouns and pronouns. Typically, we find them right after
the noun they're intensifying. These pronouns typically end in -self or -selves. They are: Myself,
himself, herself, themselves, itself, yourself, yourselves and ourselves. For example:
I myself like to travel.
He himself is his worst critic.
She approved the marriage herself.
We went to hear W.B. Yeats himself speak.
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Demonstrative Pronouns .- Take the place of a noun that's already been mentioned. They can be
singular or plural. There are five of them. They include: These, those, this, that and such. For example:
These are ugly.
Those are lovely.
Don't drink this.
Such was his understanding.
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Lesson Four (4)
The fourth lesson (4th)
CORRESPONDENCE
WHAT IS A MEMO? A memo is actually short for Memorandum. It is one of the most used means of official
communication in the business world. Its main purpose is to serve as a reminder or to give some
instructions. Again these like circulars are a means of mass communication, i.e. to communicate with a large
number of people within the organization.
PARTS OF A MEMO
When writing your subject, try to give as much information in as few words as possible. Think of it as if
you are writing the headline for a breaking news story; give the reader a quick and clear indication of
the text that will follow.
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MEMORANDUM
I'm writing to inform you that the next periodic factory maintenance will start on septiembre 17, 2020,
As we continue to create new products and increase our production volume, we feel it is necessary to
keep our facilities in the best conditions to ensure conducive working conditions for our staff, meet
During the periodic maintenance, we will shut down one factory each week and increase the shifts at
the two operational facilities to meet our production quotas. We have made adequate arrangements
for overtime bonuses and already discussed with heads of departments and team leaders on ways to
If you have concerns or questions regarding the scheduled factory maintenance, kindly contact the
human resources department. Meanwhile, we are sorry for any inconvenience that may result from this
operation.
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WHAT IS E-MAIL?
E-mail is short for 'electronic mail'. Similar to a letter, it is sent via the internet to a recipient. An email
address is required to receive email, and that address is unique to the user. Some people use internet-
based applications and some use programs on their computer to access and store emails.
Key benefits and features of using email.
It's quick – your recipient receives your email as soon as they go online and collect their mail.
It's secure.
It's low cost.
Photos, documents and other files can be attached to an email, so that more information can be
shared.
One email can be sent to more than one recipient at a time.
Advantages of e-mail
There are many advantages of e-mail and the usage of e-mail versus postal mail. Some of the main
advantages are listed below.
Free delivery - Sending an e-mail is virtually free, outside the cost of Internet service. There is no need
to buy a postage stamp to send a letter.
Global delivery - E-mail can be sent to nearly anywhere around the world, to any country.
Instant delivery - An e-mail can be instantly sent and received by the recipient over the
Internet.
File attachment - An e-mail can include one or more file attachments, allowing a person to send
documents, pictures, or other files with an e-mail.
Long-term storage - E-mails are stored electronically, which allows for storage and archival over
long periods of time.
Environmentally friendly - Sending an e-mail does not require paper (paperless), cardboard, or
packing tape, conserving paper resources.
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Lesson five (5)
The fifth lesson (5th)
APPLYING FOR JOB
What Is a Job Application? A job application is an official form that employers ask all applicants for a
position to fill out. You may fill out the application through a third-party job listing site or by visiting the
website of the potential employer. Some employers may ask you to fill out a paper application.
Employers use job applications because they provide a consistent format with the same questions that
must be answered by each person who applies for an open position. Employers can easily compare the
background and work experience of each applicant.
Alternate definition: The materials you submit to be considered for a job, including your
resume and cover letter
Alternate name: Employment application
The Golden Rule of Job Applications
The most important thing to remember when applying for a job is that your application needs to stand
out for the right reasons.
This means:
No spelling mistakes
No grammatical errors
No lying – it’s just too easy to check using Google
If you have to hand-write an application form, which is rare, keep your writing neat, and don’t write
entirely in block capitals unless that is specified.
SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
The subject and verb are the most important elements of a sentence. The relation between the subject
and verb depends on two issues: person and number. The verb of a sentence must be in agreement with
the subject in regard to person and number.
The number of the subject can be singular and plural. The verb must be singular if the subject is singular
and the verb must be plural if the subject is plural.
So, identifying the number of the subject is required to take a verb.
The person of the subject can be first, second, and third. The verb changes according to the number and
person of the subject.
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Subject-verb agreement is one of the first things you learn in English.
“My friend is Japanese.” (singular)
“My friends are Japanese.” (plural)
In this English lesson, you’re going to learn a few more advanced cases of subject-verb agreement that
confuse many learners.
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“Men don’t usually enjoy shopping for clothes.”
“My feet are cold.”
BOTH OF / A FEW OF / MANY / SEVERAL
These words always take the plural form of the verb:
“Both of my brothers are older than me.”
“A few of these products have defects.”
“Many of the houses in this neighborhood don’t have garages.”
“Several of the students aren’t going to pass.”
HALF OF / A THIRD OF / 40% OF / SOME / MOST
These words can be singular OR plural depending on what follows them!
“Half of the students are from another country.”
“Half of the class is from another country.”
“Some of these facts are incorrect.”
“Some of this information is incorrect.”
“40% of the people don’t support the new law.”
“40% of the country doesn’t support the new law.”
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VOCABULARY
Employment empleo Payroll nómina o plantilla (de sueldos)
job trabajo, empleo pay slip recibo de sueldo
profession profesión fringe benefits beneficios adicionales
occupation ocupación maternity benefits beneficios por maternidad
applicant solicitante bonus bonificación, plus, prima
application form solicitud raise (US) aumento (de sueldo)
CV (UK) curriculum vitae rise (UK) aumento (de sueldo)
resume (US) curriculum vitae overtime horas extra
employment agency agencia de empleo
employee empleado self-employed autónomo
employer empleador full-time job trabajo de jornada completa
boss jefe part-time job trabajo de media jornada
interview entrevista temporary job trabajo temporario
interviewee entrevistado permanent job trabajo permanente
interviewer entrevistador casual job trabajo eventual
introductory letter carta de presentación shift work trabajo por turnos
letter of reference carta de recomendación team work trabajo en equipo
personnel department departamento de personal day shift turno de día
qualifications títulos, habilidades evening shift turno de tarde
references referencias graveyard shift (US) turno de noche
responsibilities, duties responsabilidades night shift turno de noche
post, position puesto apprentice / trainee aprendiz
vacancy puesto vacante unemployment benefit subsidio de desempleo
salary, wages, pay salario, sueldo to apply for a job solicitar un trabajo
salary expectations pretensiones salariales to hire somebody contratar a alguien
a day's wages jornal to earn ganar (el sueldo)
nominal wages salario mínimo to be out of work estar desempleado / en el paro
payday día de cobro to lose a job perder un trabajo
to be on the dole (UK) estar desempleado y cobrar to resign renunciar, dimitir
el subsidio de desempleo.
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Lesson Six (6)
The Sixth lesson (6th)
A BUSINSS LETTER
BUSINESS LETTER FORMATS
Most business letters must include a return address (letterhead or your name and address), date, an
inside address (receiver's name and address), a salutation, body paragraphs, and a closing. However,
there are several ways to format this information. For example, return addresses can be centered or
begin at the left margin or begin at the horizontal center of the page.
There are four basic business letter formats.
Features Sample Letter Full Block All letter parts begin at the left margin. Full Block Modified Block
Indented Paragraphs Date, signature, and closing begin at the horizontal center of the page. All body
paragraphs are indented. Indented Paragraphs Blocked Paragraphs Date, signature, and closing begin at
the horizontal center of the page. All body paragraphs begin at the left margin. Blocked
Paragraphs Simplified All letter parts begin at the left margin. This format includes a subject line but
omits the salutation and signature. Simplified
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Full Block Form
Your Name
Address
Phone Number
E-mail (optional)
Date
Name of Receiver
Title
Company Name
Address
Dear __________:
When writing a letter using block form, no lines are indented. Include your name, address, and phone
number where you can be contacted, as well as the date. You then include the name and address of
the person you are sending the letter to.
With new paragraphs, just skip a line instead of indenting.
Add your phone number where you can be contacted in the last paragraph. If the receiver needs to use
a relay service to call you, briefly explain that you are deaf/ hard-of-hearing and that s/he can call you
through relay. Give the receiver his/her state relay number and explain that s/he will need to give the
operator your number. Then give him/her your number.
Sincerely,
Your Signature
Your Name
Your Title
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Indented Paragraphs Form
Your Name
Address
Phone Number
E-mail (optional)
Date
Name of Receiver
Title
Company Name
Address
Dear __________:
When writing a letter using indented form, indent each paragraph. First include your name, address,
phone number, and the date. This information should be located at the top of the page, either in the
center, or indented on the right side of the paper. You then include the name and address of the
person to whom you are sending the letter.
At the end of the letter, place your signature on the right side of the page. Don't forget to provide any
relay information if necessary.
Sincerely,
Your Signature
Your Name
Your Title
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Blocked Paragraphs Form
Your Name
Address
Phone Number
E-mail (optional)
Date
Name of Receiver
Title
Company Name
Address
Dear __________:
When writing a letter using blocked form, indent each paragraph. First include your name, address,
phone number, and the date. This information should be located at the top of the page, either in the
center, or indented on the right side of the paper. You then include the name and address of the
person to whom you are sending the letter.
At the end of the letter, place your signature on the right side of the page. Don't forget to provide any
relay information if necessary.
Sincerely,
Your Signature
Your Name
Your Title
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Simplified Style Form
Your Name
Address
Phone Number
E-mail (optional)
Date
Name of Receiver
Title
Company Name
Address
When writing a letter using simplified style form, put the date on the left. Then, put the receiver's
name, and his/her title, company name, and address.
Write a subject line instead of a salutation. The subject line must be in all capital letters.
At the end of the letter, put your name and title, all in capital letters.
YOUR NAME
YOUR TITLE
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Lesson Seven (7)
The Seventh lesson (7th)
REQUESTING A SERVICE
The experience certificate is an integral part of the employment and is the right of every employee. It is
mandatory for the employers to issue experience certificate to their employees upon the termination of
their employment contract. It is a company’s duty to provide an experience certificate at the request of
the employee.
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employment history. Take your call and if possible, align both HR and your supervisor so that they both
are on the same page regarding your request and help you better.
Express Gratitude
Once you have identified the right person to whom you should address the experience certificate
application to, the first thing you must do is express gratitude towards the organization. After that,
proceed with your requesting for the experience letter.
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Dos and Don’ts of Writing an Application for Experience Certificate
Do’s
. Express your sincerity towards your organization
. Clearly mention the reason why do you need the experience certificate
. Keep the tone of the letter formal
. Check for grammatical mistakes or punctuation errors
Don’ts
. Try to act friendly with your supervisor/HR manager even if you worked for a long time
. Use abbreviations, emoticons, fancy fonts, backgrounds or images in the email
. Write lengthy email instead of keeping it to the point
On a Concluding Note
If in case your mail gets missed by your previous employer or if they haven’t responded to your request
letter for 10 – 15 days, you can follow up with a phone call. While discussing the things, be polite and
respectful. Do not forget to thank the concerned person for their time. Do not pester them with further
calls.
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BIBLIOGRAFÍA
Collie, J. and Slater, S., (2008). CAMBRIDGE SKILLS FOR FLUENCY: LISTENING. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press
Collie, J. and Slater, S., (2008). CAMBRIDGE SKILLS FOR FLUENCY: SPEAKING. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press
Evans, V. and Dooley, J, (2015). GRAMMAR TARGETS, Express Publishing
Fuchs, Marjorie and Bonner, Margaret (2000). FOCUS ON GRAMMAR. 2nd ED., New York: Addison
Wesley Longman.
Keith, A., Dovale, R., Blackwell, A. (2002). GLOBAL LINKS. Pearson ESL.
Mccarthy, M., O´Dell, F., (2002). ENGLISH VOCABULARY IN USE, Cambridge, 811.111 MCC eng.
Molinsky, Steven J., Bliss B., (2006). WORD BY WORD “PICTURE DICTIONARY”, New Jeysey
Prodromou, L., Bellini, L., (2017). FLASH ON ENGLISH FOR COMMERCE. 2nd ED. Italy.
Saslow, Joan, allen, Ascher, (2014). TOP NOTCH, New England
Thomas, B. and Matthews, B., (2007). VOCABULARY FOR FIRST CERTIFICATE, Cambridge.
Toselli, M., Milan, A., (2016). ENGLISH FOR SECRETARIES AND ADMINISTRATIVE PERSONNEL,
2nd ED., Spain.
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