Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ZAMBALES
Zone 6, Iba, Zambales
Tel./Fax No. (047) 602 1391
E-mail Address: zambales@deped.gov.ph
website: www.depedzambales.ph

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

BIOTECHNOLOGY 8

I. Introduction

Did you know that living things are made up of one or more cells? A cell
is the basic structural unit of life and they are responsible for keeping all
organisms alive and functioning. There is a massive variety of different types
of cells, but they all have some common characteristics. Almost every different
type of cell contains genetic material, a membrane, and cytoplasm. In the
Earth's tree of life, organisms are determined by different types of cells the
single-celled or Unicellular (Prokaryotic Cell) and the multicellular
(Eukaryotic cell). Prokaryotic cells are found in bacteria and archaea.
Eukaryotic cells are found in animals, plants, fungi, and protists (Purcell
2020).

In multicellular living things, a collection of cells that work together to

perform similar functions is called a tissue; various tissues that perform
coordinated functions form organs; and organs that work together to perform
general processes form body systems such as in plants. Plants have
distinguished cell characteristics for adaptation (homeostasis), food making,
accumulations, and storage of energy, and other cellular activities. ("Cell -
Types Of Cells, Prokaryotes And Eukaryotes, Cell Size And Numbers, The
Structure And Function Of Cells - The Structure Of Eukaryotes, Plant
Organelles, Vacuoles, Cell Wall" 2020).

Are you ready to explore the world of plant cells and meet the
organelles?
II. Learning Competency

Discuss the main parts and organelles of the cell (plant,

animal, bacteria)

III. Objectives:
At the end of this learning activity sheet, you are expected to:
1. describe the main parts and organelles of the plant cell;
2. identify the functions of each organelle; and
3. create a model of plant cell out of recyclable or indigenous material
at home.

IV. Discussion
Wondering thoughts?
(Adapted from Mchenry 2020)

Early this morning I look at the window, I saw a green leafy thing
swaying from the tune of the blowing wind. It is attached from the soil
growing and branching widely. They called it a tree. Is a tree a plant?
Yes, it is! Now, what is a plant? A quick answer might be “something
that is green and has leaves.” But are all plants green? There is a variety
of mayana (Coleus atropurpureus) or San Francisco plant (Codiaeum
variegatum) that has purplish-red-yellow leaves. So being green cannot
be a requirement for being a plant, though most plants are indeed
green. What about leaves? Do all plants have leaves? Think about a
cactus. Do those sharp needles count as leaves? Or what about the
“stone plant”? It looks like a rock. (No kidding--it really does!) What
makes a plant a plant?

The answer is... a plant is a plant because it can make its own
food using a process called photosynthesis. Plants can use the energy
from sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into sugar. (“Photo”
means “light,” and “synthesis” means “make.”) Wouldn’t it be nice if you
could make your own food from sunlight? No more going to the grocery
store or planting a garden. You could just stand in the sunshine, take
a deep breath, drink a glass of water, and make your own food. Sounds
funny, but that’s exactly what plants do. They take water from the
ground, carbon dioxide from the air, and energy from light and turn
them into food.

To understand the basics of photosynthesis we need to start by

looking at a plant cell. A cell is the basic “building block” of a plant. A
plant is made of individual cells in much the same way that a Lego™
structure is made of individual bricks.
 Here is a simplified organizational chart of a typical plant cell.

PLANT CELL

Cell Wall Cell Membrane Nucleus Cytoplasm

-Nucleolus Organelle
- Nuclear
Membrane -Mitochondria

- Chromatin -Endoplasmic
Reticulum
-Golgi Bodies
-Central Vacuole
-Ribosome
-Lysosome
-Chloroplast

[0 ol,l ,
Chloroplast Rough
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Lysosome

Ribosome
Vacuole

Cytoplasm Smooth
Endoplasmic
Reticulum

Mitochondria Nucleolus
Chromatin
Nucleus
Cell Membrane Nuclear
Canva.com Membrane

Cell Wall Golgi Body

Fig. 1: Part of Plant Cell

Main Parts Description
generally thick, strong,
Cell wall porous, rigid, and none
living structures
-semi-permeable
membrane that is present
Cell
within the cell wall
membrane
- composed of a thin layer
of protein and fat
-membrane-bound
structure that is present
Nucleus
only in eukaryotic cells
a homogeneous, mostly
clear jelly-like liquid lies
Cytoplasm
between the nucleus and
cell membrane
Function
to protect and provide structural
support to the cell
protects it from changes in the
chemical and physical
environment, and regulates
movements of molecules into
and out of the cell
to store DNA or hereditary
information required for cell
division, metabolism, and
growth
-aids in the movement of genetic
material and product of cellular
respiration
- give the cell its shape

Inside the Nucleus

Organelles Description Function

Nuclear Thin covering over the Covers and protects the
Membrane nucleus nucleus
The small dark area in
Nucleolus Produces ribosomes
the nucleus
In the nucleus, made of Provides instructions for the
Chromatin DNA and protein, cell activities, (growth,
contains genes reproduction)

Organelle in the Cytoplasm

Organelles Description Function

Clear, tubular system of
Endoplasmic Transports materials like
tunnels throughout the
Reticulum proteins around the cell
cell
Small specks made of
RNA. Found in the
Ribosome Makes proteins
cytoplasm or on the
endoplasmic reticulum
Supplies energy or ATP for
Location in the the cell through cell
Mitochondria
cytoplasm, bean-shaped respiration using glucose
and oxygen
 Large open storage area,
Central Vacuole
smaller in animal cells
Green structures that
Chloroplast
contain chlorophyll
Small bags with tubes
Golgi Body
connecting them
Small, round structures,
Lysosome
containing enzymes
Storage tank for food, water,
wastes, and enzymes
Captures sunlight and uses
it to produce food through
photosynthesis
Packages and secrets
proteins for use in and out of
the cell
Digests older cell parts, food,
and other materials

Notes:
1. Semi-permeable- allowing certain substances to pass through it but not
others.
2. DNA- deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material of organisms.
3. RNA- Ribonucleic acid, is a polymeric molecule essential in various
biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes
4. Chlorophyll- a green photosynthetic pigment found in plants, algae, and
cyanobacteria.
5. Enzymesbiological molecules (typically proteins) that significantly speed
up the rate of virtually all the chemical reactions that take place within
cells.

V. Activities
General Directions: Write all your answers in your activity
notebook.

A. Write Here Waiting

Directions: Match the description/function of cell organelle in
Column A that corresponds to the picture of organelle in Column B
Match the image to the name of the organelle in Column C.

A B C
Function / Description Image Name
Controls what comes into and
out of a cell; found in plant Golgi
and animal cells
Ridged outer layer of a plant nuc
cell
Gel-like fluid where the Cell wall
organelles are found
Produces the energy a cell
chloro
needs to carry out its
functions
Uses chemicals to break down ER
food and worn-out cell parts
Stores food, water, wastes,
vac
and other materials
Receives proteins & materials
from the ER, packages them, chromatin
& distributes them
Captures energy from the
sunlight and uses it to cyto
produce food in a plant cell
Has passageways that carry
proteins and other materials nucleus
from one part of the cell to
another
ribo
Assembles amino acids to
create proteins
Contains DNA, which controls lyso
the functions of the cell and
production of proteins
Found inside the nucleus and cell mem
produces ribosomes
Tiny strands inside the
nucleus that contain the mito
instructions for directing the
cell's functions

B. LABEL UP!
Directions: A cell is like our house. Each part of a house has a
particular function just like each organelle that has a specific
responsibility. Write the cell organelle which you think corresponds
to the different parts of a house.

Bedroom
Floor

Living Room

Bathroom
Kitchen
Brick wall
Dining Area
1. Support your answer by giving a short explanation.
Brick wall

Living Room

Floor

Bedroom

Bathroom

Kitchen

Dining Area
2. Supposed one of the organelle or room in your house did not function.
How will it affect the whole system?
__________________________________________________________________________________

C. Think Write
Directions: Answer the following questions briefly.

1. What is a plant cell?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

1. Where does photosynthesis occur in plant cells?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

2. Why do plant cells have an additional layer surrounding the cell

membrane? What is this layer known as?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

3. What organelle is considered a “factory” because it takes in raw

materials and converts them to cell products that can be used by
the cell?
_____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
 4. What do ribosomes do? Are they found freely floating in the
cytoplasm? OR are they found attached to another organelle? OR
both?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

D. FUNtastic Artwork!
Directions: Create a plant cell model out of recyclable or indigenous
materials that are found in your home or surrounding. Ask for the
assistance of the elderly in using or dealing with sharp objects.

VI. Assessment
A. Multiple Choice.
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. What controls most of the cell processes and contains the genetic
information of DNA?
a. Ribosome b. Nucleus c. Vacuole d. Cytoplasm
2. Which of the following statements describe the cell membrane?
 a. A thin flexible barrier around the cell that regulates transport of
materials within the cell.
b. Converts solar energy to chemical energy.
c. A rigid cover that provides support for the cell.
d. The place where light energy, water, and carbon dioxide are used.
3. What is the primary function of the Cell Wall?
a. Builds protein c. Converts solar energy to chemical
energy
b. Take in carbon dioxide d. Protect and provide support for the
cell
4. What part of the cell is identified with the arrow?
a. The ribosome c. The nucleus
b. The chromatin d. The vacuole
5. Which organelles helps provide the cell with
energy and release energy?
a. Vacuole and lysosome c. Mitochondria and chloroplast
b. Nucleus and ribosome d. Golgi body and ribosome

B. True or False
Directions: Write Plant if the statement is correct and Cell if it is
incorrect.
1. Plant cell is an example of a prokaryotic cell.
2. Protein synthesis happens in the vacuole.
3. The endoplasmic reticulum transport materials throughout
the cell.
4. The mitochondria produce energy only for the plant cell.
5. The central vacuole stores water and minerals in the cell.
6. Digestion takes place inside the ribosome containing
digestive enzymes.
7. Photosynthesis needs water, light energy, and carbon
dioxide.
8. The chloroplast is the pigment that traps the energy.
9. The largest organelle is the central vacuole.
10. Food production takes place inside chlorophyll.

VII. Reflection
Directions: On the lines below, write about what you have
learned by doing the activities in this packet. Be as specific as
possible.

1. Let me tell you about some of the important things I have learned
about plant cells. First, I will start with…

2. Next, I will tell you about the activity that has enjoyed the most…
3. Lastly, the knowledge I have gained will help me…

VIII. References

"Cell - Types Of Cells, Prokaryotes And Eukaryotes, Cell Size And

Numbers, The Structure And Function Of Cells - The Structure
Of Eukaryotes, Plant Organelles, Vacuoles, Cell Wall".
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Dashek, William, and Marcia Harrison. 2017. Plant Cell Biology. Ebook.
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Davidson, Michael. 2015. "Molecular Expressions Cell Biology: Bacteria

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Mchenry, Ellen. 2020. "Plant Cells". Ellenjmchenry.Com.
https://ellenjmchenry.com/downloads/BotanyFirstThreeChapt
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"Plant Cell - Definition, Structure, Function, Diagram & Types".
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Prepared by:

Geoff Daniel R. Rodenas

Teacher II
Subic National High School
District of Subic