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TCVN 5738 Fire Detection and Alarm System - Technical Requirements
TCVN 5738 Fire Detection and Alarm System - Technical Requirements
TCVN 5738 Fire Detection and Alarm System - Technical Requirements
This standard is applied to the fire detection and alarm system of factory, enterprise,
office, and public constructions…
It is not applicable in the construction designed with special requirements.
1. General
1.1. The engineering design, installation of fire detection and alarm system must
have an agreement of Fire Head Department and satisfy all the requirements,
stipulations of the issued related standards and procedures.
1.2. The fire detection and alarm system must satisfy the following requirements:
- Fire detection quickly depending on the proposed functions.
- Transfer the fire detection signals into the fire alarm signals for the people
taking the necessary actions.
- Have a good ability of interference prevention
- Clear and quick notification the signals of breakdown effected to the
accurate of the system
- To be immune from the influent of others system around.
- Not allow to be paralyzed a part or all of the system caused by fire before
finding out the fire
1.3. The fire detection and alarm system must guarantee the reliability. It must
carry out all the proposed functions but no error or other unfortunate cases.
1.4. Outside impacts caused a part of the system broken down must not bring
about the following breakdown to the system.
1.5. The fire detection and alarm system includes the elementary devices:
Fire alarm control panel, automatic fire detectors, fire manual call point,
miscellaneous, and power supply. Depending on the requirements of the fire
detection and alarm system, there are other devices such as communication,
automatic testing system for fire protection devices.
2.1. Automatic fire alarm system: The system can detect and alarm the firing
location automatically.
2.2. Manual fire alarm system: The systems (without fire automatic detections)
controlled by hands.
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TCVN 5738 : 1993 Fire Detection And Alarm System – Technical Requirement
2.3. Fire automatic detector: The automatic devices that are sensitive to the
phenomenon related to the fire (the increasing in temperature, smoke
spreading, light flashing) and communicate to the fire alarm control panel.
2.3.1. Heat detector: The automatic detector that is sensitive to the heat changes
and the rate of temperature changes of around environment.
2.3.2. Smoke detector: The automatic detector that is sensitive to the smoke.
2.3.3. Photo detector: The automatic detector that is sensitive to the infrared flame.
2.4. Fire manual call point: The devices that that the alarms are controlled by
hands.
2.5. Power supply: The devices that supply energy to the fire detection and alarm
system.
2.7. Fire alarm control panel: energy supply to fire detectors with the following
functions:
- Receive the signals from fire detectors, alarm and give the instruction of
fire location.
- In case of necessity, can transfer the signals to the fire receivers.
- Test the normal operation of the system and instruct the system events
such as break cable, short circuit…
3.1. Must guarantee the fire detection functions designed and the technical
specifications in Table 1. The selection of automatic fire detectors based on
functions of houses and constructions is referred to the appendix.
Table 1
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TCVN 5738 : 1993 Fire Detection And Alarm System – Technical Requirement
3.2. The numbers of automatic detector required for an area depend on the
necessary level for fire detection over this area.
3.3. The heat and smoke detectors are installed on the ceiling or the roof. In case
of being unable to install on, it is permitted to install the detectors on the
beams or poles as well as hang by wire from the ceiling or roof but the
distance from them to the ceiling of roof is not over than 0.3m including the
size of detectors.
3.4. The heat and smoke detector must be installed in each ceiling part bounded
by overhang structures (beams, edges of panels…) that higher than 0.4 m. In
case of having the overhang structures with the height from 0.08m to 0.4m,
the area protected by an automatic detector shall be reduced to 25%.
3.5. In case of installing the automatic detectors over the piles of material,
supports, equipments and structures, the distance from the top of these things
to the detectors is not over 0.6m
3.6. The number of the detectors installed on a channel of fire detection and alarm
system depends on the specifications of the fire alarm control panel. The
detectors must be used rightly in accordance with their specifications,
standards and technical records and considered the environment condition of
protection are.
3.7. In case of the fire alarm control panel without address indicating function of
the detectors on a channel, this channel is permit to protect 5 rooms and
areas which are adjacent or separated but having the exits to the lobby at the
same floor.
3.8.1. The correlation of the area protected by a smoke detector, the distances
between detectors and between a detector and wall is determined based on
the value in the table 2 but not larger than the value in technical specifications
and records of the smoke detectors.
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TCVN 5738 : 1993 Fire Detection And Alarm System – Technical Requirement
Table 2
3.8.2. In the room with the width less than 3m, the distance between detectors is
allowed of 15m.
3.9.1. The correlation of the area protected by a smoke detector, the distances
between detectors and between a detector and wall is determined based on
the value in the Table 3 but not larger than the value in technical
specifications and records of the heat detectors.
Table 3
3.9.2. The active level of the heat detector must be higher than the maximum setup
temperature of 200C in the room.
3.10.1.Install the photo detector on the ceiling, walls and other structures of the room
or area, or on the protected equipments directly.
4.1. Install the fire manual call point indoor or outdoor of the house and
construction, on the wall and structure at the height of 1.5m from the floor or
ground.
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TCVN 5738 : 1993 Fire Detection And Alarm System – Technical Requirement
4.2. Must install the fire manual call point right on the emergency exit (lobby, stair,
way…), the stair rest place, and if necessity can install in every room. The
distance between them must not over than 50m.
4.3. In case of outdoor installation, the maximum distance between the fire manual
call points is 150m and must be signed clearly. Require artificial lights for their
installation places.
4.4. The fire manual call point can be installed in separated channel of fire alarm
control panel or in the same channel with the fire detectors.
5.1. The channels or areas of fire alarm control panel must be reserved of 10% at
minimum.
5.2. The fire alarm control panel must be installed at the location with people on
duty all day and night. In case of people not being all day and nigh, fire alarm
control panel must have a fire signal transferring function to the fire watching
room or place having people all day and night as well as the methods of
preventing the trespass of no mission people to the panel.
5.3. Must install the fire alarm control panel on the wall, partition or table of no fire
danger.
5.5. The minimum distance between the fire alarm control panel and the fire proof
ceiling must be 1.0m
5.6. In case of adjacent installing, the minimum distances between two fire alarm
control panels must be 50mm.
5.7. In case of installing on walls or machinery support, the distance from the fire
alarm control panel to the ground must be in the range of 0.8m to 1.8m.
5.8. The environmental temperature and humidity at installed place must conform
to the technical record and user manual of the fire alarm control panel.
5.9. Must have a telephone connecting directly to the fire brigade or fire alarm
signal receiving station at the place of fire alarm control panel.
5.10. The timbre of fire alarm equipment must be different from the timber of event
alarm of equipments
5.11. Must pay attention on the system conforming when installing the automatic
fire detectors (detector supply voltage, alarm signal category, breakdown
detection method, cable testing part…)
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TCVN 5738 : 1993 Fire Detection And Alarm System – Technical Requirement
6.1. Cable selection for circuit of fire alarm system must conform to the standards
and installation procedures of electrical equipment and cable, and take into
account the technical requirements of this standard and the technical
documents of specific equipment.
6.2. The status of fire alarm circuit must be tested the automatically or manually.
6.3. Must use separated signal cable with copper core for the fire alarm circuit. In
case of fire alarm circuit of voltage lower 60V, communication cable can be
used. It is permitted to use the communication cable with core cupper of
mixed communication network but the channel must be separated.
6.4. The minimum cupper core’s diameter of cable and communication cable is
0.4mm.
6.5. The cables and wires for power circuit of fire alarm control panel and control
equipments must be separated. These cables is forbidden to hang up across
the rooms installed the fire detectors, except fire proof cables or they are
arranged into the fireproof structure.
6.6. The lower 60V voltage circuit and the higher one must be arranged in different
closed pipes, boxes, bundles and trends of structures.
6.7. The above circuits can be arranged together if they are partitioned off by
fireproof material with fireproof limit not lower than 0.25 hour.
6.8. In case of parallel open arrangement, the minimum distance between wires
and cables of fire alarm system and lighting and power cables must be 0.5m.
If the distance lower than 0.5m, the method of electromagnetic disturbance
proof must be used.
6.9. In case of using electromagnetic disturbance proof, must use metal covered
cables or uncovered cables arranged in grounding metal pipes and boxes.
6.10. Must have spare couple for the signal wires. Must have 20% spare of
connectors.
7.1. Must have standby battery for the fire alarm system. The capacity of standby
battery must guarantee 24 hours in normal operation and 3 hours at least in
case having fire.
7.2. The fire alarm system must be grounding for protection. The grounding must
conform to the grounding procedure for the equipment.
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TCVN 5738 : 1993 Fire Detection And Alarm System – Technical Requirement
APPENDIX
FIRE DETECTOR SELECTION
ACCORDING TO THE CONSTRUCTION PROPERTIES
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TCVN 5738 : 1993 Fire Detection And Alarm System – Technical Requirement
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