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Рурален туризам / Rural tourism

Book · January 2009

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Milena Taleska
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M-r MILENA TALESKA
RURALEN TURIZAM
MILENA TALESKA

RURAL
TOURISM

Skopje, 2009
MILENA TALESKA

RURALEN
TURIZAM

Skopje, 2009
Biblioteka STUDIORUM

Recenzenti:

Prof. d-r Nikola Panov

Prof. d-r Risto Mijalov
 RURALEN TURIZAM

SODR@INA

I. VOVED....................................................................................................................... 9

II. POIM ZA RURALEN PROSTOR I RURALEN TURIZAM................... 11

1. Ruralniot prostor vo teorijata (definirawe na ruralniot prostor)...... 11

2. Turizmot vo ruralnata sredina i ruralen turist........................................... 13

3. Turisti~ka valorizacija na ruralniot prostor............................................. 15

4. Koncept na ruralniot turizam............................................................................ 16

4.1. Istra`uvawe za fenomenot na ruralniot turizam....................... 17
4.2. Oblici na ruralen turizam................................................................. 18
4.2.1. Rekreacionen i prirodni atrakcii............................... 19
4.2.2. Zdravstven turizam.......................................................... 20
4.2.3. Loven turizam..................................................................... 21
4.2.4. Eko turizam.......................................................................... 22
4.2.5. Kulturen turizam.............................................................. 22
4.2.6. Verski turizam.................................................................... 24
4.2.7. Turizam so tradicisko zna~ewe so poseben osvrt
na agro turizmot................................................................. 24
4.2.8. Konceptot na tvrd i mek turizam............................... 25
4.3. Interakcijata me|u turizmot i ruralnite zaednici.................... 26
4.3.1. Socio-kulturnoto vlijanie na turizmot vo
ruralnata sredina................................................................. 26
4.3.2. Ekonomsko vlijanie............................................................ 27
4.3.3. Vlijanieto vrz `ivotnata sredina i paradoksi..... 27

5. Iskustva od razvojot na ruralniot turizam..................................................... 28

5.1. Ruralniot turizam vo svetot.............................................................. 29
5.2. Ruralniot turizam vo Evropa............................................................. 31
5.3. Ruralniot turizam vo na{eto opkru`uvawe.................................. 37

III. MO@NOSTI ZA RAZVOJ NA RURALNIOT TURIZAM VO

REPUBLIKA MAKEDONIJA........................................................................ 41

1. Makedonija kako turisti~ka destinacija......................................................... 41

1.1. Geografska polo`ba............................................................................. 47
5
 1.2. Prirodno-geografskite faktori kako uslov za razvoj
na turizmot............................................................................................... 48
1.3. Antropogeni faktori.......................................................................... 52
1.4. Materijalna baza................................................................................... 57

2. Ruralniot prostor vo Republika Makedonija................................................. 61

2.1. Sela............................................................................................................ 63
2.2. Naselenie................................................................................................... 65
2.3. Ekonomska sostojba.................................................................................. 68

3. Ruralniot prostor kako mo`nost za razvoj na ruralniot turizam

vo RM.......................................................................................................................... 69
3.1. Ruralniot prostor kako turisti~ki proizvod............................... 69
3.1.1. Prirodni oblasti.............................................................. 69
3.1.2. Za{titeni oblasti.......................................................... 80
3.1.3. Ruralni - selski oblasti.................................................. 89
3.2. Mo`ni prostorni celini i oblici za razvoj na ruralniot
turizam vo Republika Makedonija...................................................... 90
3.3. Osnovni kriteriumi za razvoj i mo`nata turisti~ka slika na
ruralna Makedonija vo sporedba so odredeni primeri od
svetot........................................................................................................ 143
3.4. Ruralniot turizam kako alatka za razvoj na Republika
Makedonija................................................................................................ 146

4. Po~etni proekti za razvoj na ruralniot turizam vo Republika

Makedonija................................................................................................................ 148

5. Va`ni principi kako vodi~ vo implementacija na ruralnoto vo

turisti~kata politika vo Republika Makedonija.......................................... 151
5.1. Analiza.................................................................................................... 152
5.2. Dr`avna intervencija i vladina podr{ka...................................... 153
5.3. Lokalna participacija........................................................................ 154
5.4. Edukacija................................................................................................. 155
5.5. Menaxment i promocija....................................................................... 156

6. SWOT analiza.......................................................................................................... 157

V. ZAKLU^NI RAZGLEDUVAWA....................................................................... 161

Izvori i literatura................................................................................................ 163

6
 RURALEN TURIZAM

CONTENTS

I. INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................... 9

II. RURAL AREA AND RURAL TOURISM............................................................. 11

1. Rural area in theory (the definition of rural area)................................................. 11

2. Tourism in the rural area and rural tourist............................................................ 13

3. Tourist valorization of rural space........................................................................... 15

4. The concept of rural tourism.................................................................................... 16

4.1. Research on the phenomenon of rural tourism..................................... 17
4.2. Forms of rural tourism............................................................................ 18
4.2.1. Recreation and natural attractions.......................................... 19
4.2.2. Health Tourism........................................................................ 20
4.2.3. Hunting tourism....................................................................... 21
4.2.4. Eco Tourism............................................................................. 22
4.2.5. Cultural Tourism...................................................................... 22
4.2.6. Religious Tourism..................................................................... 24
4.2.7. Tourism with traditional significance and special
emphasis on agro tourism......................................................... 24
4.2.8. The concept of hard and soft tourism...................................... 25
4.3. Interaction between tourism and rural communities............................ 26
4.3.1. Socio-cultural impact of tourism in the rural
environment............................................................................... 26
4.3.2. Economic impact...................................................................... 27
4.3.3. Environmental impact and paradoxes..................................... 27

5. Experiences from the development of rural tourism.............................................. 28

5.1. Rural tourism in the world...................................................................... 29
5.2. Rural tourism in Europe......................................................................... 31
5.3. Rural tourism in the neighborhood........................................................ 37

III. OPPORTUNITIES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL TOURISM

IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA............................................................. 41

1. Macedonia as a tourist destination........................................................................... 41

1.1. Geographic position.................................................................................. 47
7
 1.2. Natural geographic factors as a condition for development
of tourism.................................................................................................... 48
1.3. Anthropogenic factors.............................................................................. 52
1.4. Premises..................................................................................................... 57

2. Rural area in Republic of Macedonia...................................................................... 61

2.1. Villages....................................................................................................... 63
2.2. Population.................................................................................................. 65
2.3. Economic state........................................................................................... 68

3. Rural area as an opportunity for development of rural tourism

in Macedonia.............................................................................................................. 69
3.1. Rural area as a tourism product............................................................. 69
3.1.1. Natural areas............................................................................ 69
3.1.2. Protected areas......................................................................... 80
3.1.3. Countryside - rural areas......................................................... 89
3.2. Possible spatial units and forms for developing rural tourism
in Macedonia............................................................................................ 90
3.3. Basic criteria for the development and the potential of rural
Macedonia as a tourist destination compared to some examples
from the world.......................................................................................... 143
3.4. Rural tourism as a tool for development of the
Republic of Macedonia............................................................................ 146

4. Initial projects for the development of rural tourism in the

Republic of Macedonia.............................................................................................. 148

5. Important principles as a guide in the implementation of rural tourism

policy in the Republic of Macedonia........................................................................ 151
5.1. Analysis...................................................................................................... 152
5.2. State intervention and government support.......................................... 153
5.3. Local participation................................................................................... 154
5.4. Education................................................................................................... 155
5.5. Management and Promotion................................................................... 156

6. SWOT analysis........................................................................................................... 157

V. CONCLUSION.......................................................................................................... 161

Sources and bibliography................................................................................................ 163

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