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Document No.

HSE/ESCO/06

PERSONAL SAFETY Revision No. 00

SECTION VI Effective date

Procedure No. P/ESCO/02

1. GENERAL
Energy Solution's employees should use personal protective equipment (PPE) whenever working under
conditions creating a reasonable potential for injury, illness, or death which can be prevented by the use
of such equipment. Personal protective equipment will be provided by Energy Solutions to its employees
when required, and shall be used as prescribed by our policy. Remember PPE is the last line of defense to
eliminate an incident from happening.

1.1 Responsibilities
Supervisory personnel are responsible for implementing and enforcing this program.
Program Requirements

 Eye Protection
 Clothing
 Foot Protection
 Head Protection
 Hand Protection
 Hearing Conservation
 Fall Protection
 Respiratory Protection

2. EYE PROTECTION PROGRAM

2.1 General
 Protective eye wear will be required for all personnel at all times on Energy
Solution's Site locations.
 The operating supervisors are responsible for ensuring proper protective eyewear
is available and worn by employees at all times.

NOTE: Face shields cannot be worn without goggles (chemical or particle).

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2.2 Safety Glasses


 All employees who normally wear corrective spectacles shall be required to wear
industrial safety spectacles or “coverall goggles” over regular prescription spectacles if their duties
expose them to eye hazards or they are required to visit locations where eye hazards exist.
 All eye hazards that warrant use of safety glasses cannot be listed here. The
supervisor is responsible for ensuring that employees wear appropriate eye protection during jobs
where special eye hazards exist, such as: grinding, chipping, sandblasting and mixing chemicals.
 All safety glasses/goggles must meet the specifications of ANSI Z87.1-1979.
 Catalogs for ordering safety glasses shall be maintained at division offices.

2.3 Contact Lenses


Under no circumstances will any field personnel be allowed to wear contact lenses if they may have to
wear self-contained breathing apparatus (see H2 S Program.)

3. CLOTHING

All Energy Solution's employees shall wear a sleeved shirt (tank tops are prohibited) and full length
trousers (no cutoffs or shorts permitted) while on the job. The recommended cloth is cotton. Synthetic
materials will melt severely burn the skin when exposed to heat such as a flash fire. In the event that
the project calls for Energy Solution's to provide coveralls, the coveralls provided will meet the above
specifications.

Clothing must also be suited for weather conditions. Loose clothing must not be worn due to the potential
for getting caught in machinery.

4. FOOT PROTECTION

Personnel are required to wear high top steel-toed boots while working. Boots must have the oil resistant
sole to reduce the chances of slips and falls. The safety-toe footwear should meet the requirements of
ANSI Z41.1 - Men's Safety-Toe Footwear.
In the event that rubber boots are necessary to complete a job, they will also comply with the ANSI
Z41.1 standard.

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NOTE: Steel-toed tennis shoes are prohibited.

5. HEAD PROTECTION
All Energy Solution's personnel will wear an ANSI approved hard hat while working on location . Any time
work is being done in the shop areas where the possibility of injury to the head exists, from flying or
falling objects, hard hats will be required. Hard hats are not required to be worn in vehicles or offices.
Hardhats must not be altered or modified in any way, such as; holes drilled or pictures carved in the shell
and the shell must not be painted. The suspension system must not be cut or altered and must be the
appropriate size suspension system for the hard hat.
NOTE: Hardhats must not be worn backwards.

The hardhats shall be cleaned and inspected according to manufacturer’s instruction.

All company personnel will be provided with and are required to wear hard hats that meet or exceed all
requirements of ANSI 289.1-1969 (impact protection) and ANSI 289.2-1971 (electrical protection)

6. HAND PROTECTION
Chemical and electrical gloves are provided by the company and must be worn while working in areas
where there is potential for exposure to chemicals or electricity. Refer to MSDS for additional information
about the type of chemicals in use and type of hand protection needed.

Work gloves should be worn at all times to avoid contact with abrasive surfaces or sharp objects

7. HEARING CONSERVATION
All operating locations shall comply with OSHA 1910.95 and Energy Solution's policy regarding the
protection of employees from occupational noise exposure. A hearing conservation program will be
established at those locations where employees are exposed to noise levels of 90 dbA time weighted
average (TWA) for eight hours. All applicable employees who meet these exposure levels shall be
included in the hearing conservation program.

7.1 General Information

 The hearing conservation program shall include:

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 Initial workplace noise surveys. Areas will be surveyed again when


significant process or equipment changes occur.

 Noise dosimetry monitoring for employees to determine if they will be


included in the program.

 Properly selected hearing protection devices that reduce exposure levels


below 90 dbA for an 8-hour TWA or 87 dbA TWA for 12 hour shift employees.

 An annual training program for employees in the program.

 Assessment and implementation of feasible engineering and/or


administrative controls to reduce noise exposure.

The safety engineer will administer and coordinate this program.

7.2 Sound Level Surveys and Dosimeter Testing


 Sound level surveys will be conducted with an ANSI approved Type II sound
level meter. Meters will be calibrated prior to use in accordance with the manufacturer’s
specifications. Post-survey calibration shall also be performed by the person conducting the survey.
 Results of surveys will be documented and retained on file. The sound level data
shall be plotted on a diagram of the location and posted.
 All surveys shall be conducted with the sound level meter in the A-weighted
slow response mode.
 Dosimeter testing of employees shall determine which employees or job
classifications at operating locations are to be included in the hearing conservation program. A
representative sample from each operating classification will be necessary to confirm noise
exposure.

Dosimeter results will be documented.

7.3 Hearing Protection Devices and Signs


 All employees who enter areas where sound levels are 90 dbA or greater shall wear adequate
hearing protection.

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Employees shall be given the option of utilizing hearing protectors that are most comfortable as long as
the attenuation value is not compromised.
All areas that require hearing protection to be worn by employees shall have a sign posted stating this
requirement at each entry point. The following wording is recommended

NOTICE - Hearing Protection Required.

7.4 Training Program


 All employees in the hearing conservation program, shall participate in annual training that shall
include the following:
 The components of the hearing conservation program.
 The requirements of OSHA occupational noise exposure.
 How the ear hears and the effect of noise exposure.
 The importance, purpose, attenuation ratings of hearing protectors as
well as the proper selection, fitting, use, and care of hearing protectors.
 Areas where noise exposures can occur within their workplace, such as
motor sheds, light plants, mud pumps, etc.
 The purpose, results, and evaluation of audiometric testing.
 An outline of the training program shall be retained on file by the HSE
department.
 All training will be documented.

7.5 The Human Ear

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Ear is the organ of hearing and balance. Only vertebrates, or animals with backbones, have ears. The
most complex and highly developed ears are those of mammals.

7.6 Hearing
Sound is a series of vibrations moving as waves through air or other gases, liquids, or solids. A ringing
bell, for example, sets off vibrations in the air. Detection of these vibrations, or sound waves, is called
hearing. The detection of vibrations passing through the ground or water is also called hearing. Some
animals can detect only vibrations passing through the ground, and others can hear only vibrations
passing through water.

Humans, however, can hear vibrations passing through gases, solids, and liquids. Sometimes sound
waves are transmitted to the inner ear by a method of hearing called bone conduction. For example,
people hear their own voice partly by bone conduction. The voice causes the bones of the skull to
vibrate, and these vibrations directly stimulate the sound-sensitive cells of the inner ear. Only a
relatively small part of a normal person’s hearing depends on bone conduction, but some totally deaf
people can be helped if sound vibrations are transferred to the skull bones by a hearing aid.

Humans hear primarily by detecting airborne sound waves, which are collected by the auricles. The
auricles also help locate the direction of sound. Although some people have auricular muscles so well-
developed that they can wiggle their ears, human auricles, when compared to those of other mammals,
have little importance. Many mammals, especially those with large ears, such as rabbits, can move
their auricles in many directions so that sound can be picked up more easily.

After being collected by the auricles, sound waves pass through the outer auditory canal to the
eardrum, causing it to vibrate. The vibrations of the eardrum are then transmitted through the ossicles,
the chain of bones in the middle ear. As the vibrations pass from the relatively large area of the
eardrum through the chain of bones, which have a smaller area, their force is concentrated. This
concentration amplifies, or increases, the sound. When the sound vibrations reach the stirrup, the
stirrup pushes in and out of the oval window. This movement sets the fluids in the vestibular and
tympanic canals in motion. To relieve the pressure of the moving fluid, the membrane of the oval
window bulges out and in. The alternating changes of pressure in the fluid of the canals cause the
basilar membrane to move. The organ of Corti, which is part of the basilar membrane, also moves,
bending its hair like projections. The bent projections stimulate the sensory cells to transmit impulses
along the auditory nerve to the brain.

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7.7 Loudness, Pitch, and Tone


Human ears are capable of perceiving an extraordinarily wide range of changes in loudness, the tiniest
audible sound being about 1 trillion times less intense than a sound loud enough to cause the ear pain.
The loudness or intensity of a noise is measured in a unit called the decibel. The softest audible sound
to humans is 0 decibels, while painful sounds are those that rise above 140 decibels.

Besides loudness, the human ear can detect a sound’s pitch, which is related to a sound’s vibration
frequency, or the number of sound waves passing into the ear in a given period. The greater the
frequency, the higher the pitch will be. The maximum range of human hearing includes sound
frequencies from about 15 to about 18,000 waves, or cycles, per second. Because the human ear
cannot hear very low frequencies, the sound of one’s own heartbeat is inaudible. At the other end of
the scale, a highly pitched whistle producing 30,000 cycles per second is not audible to the human ear,
but a dog can hear it.

The third characteristic of sound detected by the human ear is tone. The ability to recognize tone
enables humans to distinguish a violin from a clarinet when both instruments are playing the same
note. The least noticeable change in tone that can be picked up by the ear varies with pitch and
loudness.

Another sonic phenomenon, known as masking, occurs because lower-pitched sounds tend to deafen
the ear to higher-pitched sounds. To overcome the effects of masking in noisy places, people are
forced to raise their voices.

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PERSONAL SAFETY Revision No. 00

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8. FALL PREVENTION PROGRAM

8.1 Purpose
To establish a system for prevention/protection of personnel from falls. Falls are classified as either on
the same level, from one level to another (stairs) or working at elevated heights.

Activities which are covered in this program include but are not limited to:

 Working on unguarded scaffolds or stairways (no handrails),


 Working on the pumping units
 Working on ,around and at the top of Well testing unit,
 Working on top of yard, office shacks, buildings etc,
 Working on elevated work platforms on forklifts or cranes,
 Working on slick surfaces.

 Falling from beam


 while working to remove horse head
 removal of bolts on saddle bearing or equalizer bearings
 tying off winch line to beam

 Falling from gearbox


 while using sledge hammer to remove wrist pins
 while climbing to remove the belt guard

 Falling from polish rod


 while hanging the rods off the unit
 while setting clamp to hang well or change out bridle

8.2 Objectives

 To identify work sites and activities that requires fall prevention/protection


measures.

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 To eliminate the chances of a fall by the complete removal of any hazardous


situation.
 To minimize the effects of a fall if the hazard cannot be completely eliminated
through the use of fall protection measures and thereby minimizing the injuries usually sustained in
a fall and increasing the chances of surviving a fall.
 Establish minimum standards for all protection equipment and systems and their
applications.

8.3 Procedures

8.3.1 Supervisor’s Responsibilities

 The supervisor will be responsible for evaluating fall hazards and for determining
how exposure to a fall can be avoided during the pre-planning phase of the activity.
 To train personnel in the use, care, and installation of the fall
prevention/protection equipment.
 To use appropriate hazard control measures. When work must be performed at
recognized unguarded elevated heights of 6 feet or greater, the supervisor may select either of the
following options

Option 1 - Fall Prevention


Eliminate the fall hazard by means of temporary scaffolding, platforms, handrails, man lifts, ladders,
application of slip resistant material to slick surfaces, etc.

Appropriate Hazard Control Measures


In the prevention of exposure to falls, a variety of equipment can be used, such as; personnel cages,
handrails, man lifts, forklifts with platforms, slip resistant paints or materials.
Procedure changes can also be done so that personnel are not required to work on a particular job that
requires them to be exposed to a hazardous situation.
Minor structural changes can also be made that can eliminate exposure such as: adding a sight gauge to
a tank so personnel are not required to climb the tank to see the fluid level.
Other structural changes could include adding ladders with protective rings in the substructure and on
storage tanks or adding a work platform with handrails in the substructure that personnel can stand on

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Procedure No. P/ESCO/02

while working. Also, the type of material used to build stairs, ladders or platforms should be reviewed to
be sure it is the most appropriate to resist falls.

Option 2 - Fall Protection


Select and install a personal fall protection system which will eliminate the free fall hazard as well as
pendulum swings when traveling to and from the work area, as well as during performance of the task.
NOTE: Extra effort must be taken to minimize the potential of the free fall hazards to
individuals installing a temporary or permanent fall protection system.
8.4 User Responsibilities

 Each employee must be aware of the fall hazards associated with his work area. If assigned to
work at elevated heights, the employee has the responsibility of using and thoroughly inspecting
the personal fall protection system’s anchor points, connecting means ( i.e., Lanyard or device) and
body holding devices (i.e., harness) prior to using the system.

NOTE: Any problems noted with any of the components of a fall protection system or work
area must be brought to the attention of the supervisor immediately. Fall protection must
not be used until problems have been addressed.

 When areas are noticed as having a potential for falls, such as: slick surfaces, poor
housekeeping, etc., personnel will immediately notify the supervisor of the condition so it can be
corrected.
Example:
 For protection from falls while on beam on unit
1. Use of full body harness with back D-ring. The lanyard is tied off on the back D-
ring and then secured to an anchorage point preferably above the level of the beam. Since
this is not possible, the lanyard is secured to the beam rod.
2. Use of a full body harness securing the lanyard to one side D-ring, throwing the
lanyard under and around the beam and securing to the other side D-ring.

 For protection from fall from wellhead and polish rod liner
1. Use of the bed of the truck to allow employee a working platform and at he same
time allowing for the winch line to secure the rod load

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8.5 Equipment Specifications


Only equipment that meets or exceeds OSHA and ANSI standards will be used in Energy Solution's Fall
Prevention/Protection Program.

A. Anchor Points

Anchorage points are the key to designing fall protection systems. The strength, location and design must
fit in with the required work task mobility. As a minimum, the anchorage point strength must be based on
at least twice the anticipated dynamic load that will be encountered.
B. Harness and Components

The main concern of the harness is its ability to withstand the drop forces and prevent injury to
personnel. The style of harness shown below assists in limiting injuries during the fall. Wearing the
proper equipment and if after sustaining limited or no injuries, the fall victim, himself, can also assist in
rescue operations and time is not such a critical component in the rescue process. Self-recovery may also
be possible if no injuries have occurred.

 Body Wear:
The first component is the personal protective gear worn by workers while performing the job. A
variety of full body harnesses, positioning belts, and body belts are available for use in various types
of work. Because harnesses are the only-appropriate equipment to be worn in the event of a free
fall, more and more workers are using this type of device.

 Connecting Devices:
The second system component id the connecting device. This device can be a rope or web lanyard,
rope grab or retractable lifeline. However, shock absorbing lanyards have become increasingly
popular because they significantly reduce the forces generated in a fall.
Lanyards with built-in shock absorbers reduce fall arresting forces by 65-80% compared to forces
generated by traditional lanyards. Locking Snaps feature self-closing, self locking keepers which
remain closed until unlocked and pressed open for connection or disconnection. This feature of
locking snaps significantly reduces the possibility of accidental disengagement or “rollout”.

 Tie-off Point
The final component of the system is the anchoring or tie-off point. This point must be capable of
supporting of 5,000 pounds per worker, such as an eye bolt, support beam, or cross arm strap.

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8.6 Proper Tie-Off Procedures


When using a full body harness, connecting devices should be attached to the D-ring in the middle of the
back. When using a body belt, connecting devices should be attached to the D-ring in the back at waist
level. Side D-rings should be used for positioning only, not fall arrest. Always keep fall distance to six (6)
feet or less. If using a six-foot or shorter lanyard, tie-off at or above the D-ring attachment to accomplish
this objective. Workers must also tie-off in a manner that ensures no lower level is struck during a fall. This
is especially important when utilizing shock absorbers as these elongate as much as 3-1/2 ft during the
shock-absorption process. A worker of average height utilizing a 6 ft shock-absorbing lanyard in conjunction
with a sliding back D-ring must tie-off at a point at least 15-1/2 ft from a lower level. If workers must be tied
off at a lesser height, shorter lanyards or alternative forms of attachments must be utilized.

6 ft Avg. height of worker


6 ft Lanyard length
3-1/2 ft Maximum Shock Absorber Extension
15-1/2 ft Maximum fall from anchor point

Individually, none of these components will provide protection from a fall. Used properly with each
other, they form a system and become a critically important part of the total fall protection system.

Fall protection products may be broken down into four functional categories:
1. Fall arrest
2. Positioning
3. Suspension
4. Retrieval

8.7 Equipment Inspections


Inspections are to be conducted on all fall protection system components when they are first installed
and each time before they are used thereafter. Any problems that are noticed must be reported to
supervisory personnel immediately. Upon notification of the problem, immediate action will be taken to
correct the problem before personnel use the device.

9. RESPIRATORY PROTECTION PROGRAM

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9.1 General Information


The primary objective is to prevent atmospheric contamination. In an effort to control those occupational
diseases caused by breathing air contaminated with harmful dusts, fogs, fumes, mists, gases, smoke,
sprays or vapors, feasible engineering control measures must be used to eliminate/ reduce employee
exposure.

Engineering controls involve enclosing an operation, using general or local ventilation and substitution of
toxic materials with nontoxic materials. When effective engineering controls are not feasible, appropriate
respiratory protection will be provided.
Employees that have the potential for coming in direct contact with a hazardous environment will be
included in the Respiratory Protection Program. Employees will be instructed on the importance of their
involvement in this program. It will also be impressed upon them that their commitment is required.

9.2 Respiratory Protection


The process of selecting appropriate respiratory protection involves three basic steps:

1. Identification of the hazard(s)


2. Evaluation of the hazard(s)
3. Selection of the appropriate respiratory protection

9.3 Identification/Evaluation of the Hazard


Identifying the materials used in the work process is necessary. After a list is made, the Material Safety
Data Sheets (MSDS) must be reviewed to determine what recommendations are made by the
manufacturer of the products involved. Several types of hazardous atmosphere may be possible, i.e.,
gaseous, particulate, combination contaminants, and oxygen deficient. Once the type of hazardous
atmosphere has been ascertained, selection of the proper “approved” respiratory protection can be
made.
Respiratory hazards generally associated with drilling include: vapors from painting, dust and vapors from
drilling mud additives and potential Hydrogen Sulfide exposure.
Special provisions have been made for working in H2S environments. (See H2S Contingency Plan in the
HSE manual.)

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9.4 Approved Respiratory Protection


Approved respiratory protection is one that has been tested and found to meet minimum performance
standards by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) and the National Institute for
Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Employees will use only “approved” protection.
Each class of respiratory protective equipment is labeled with the identification number and the type of
hazard the respirator is approved to protect against. Careful consideration must be given in this selection
process. The correct respirator shall be specified for each job. MSDS’s will be very helpful.

9.5 Fit Testing


Wherever practical, employees should be given respiratory protective equipment for his/her exclusive
use. Where individual issuance is not practical, the proper sizes of respirator should be made available for
every employee. Every respirator wearer shall receive fitting instructions including demonstrations and
practice in how the respirator shall be worn.
Each employee that is exposed to a hazardous atmosphere must be fit tested to be sure a proper seal
can be maintained. Employees that have facial hair or temple pieces on prescription eyeglasses may not
be able to achieve a proper seal of respiratory equipment. A seal must be achieved prior to being allowed
to proceed with work. Shaving may be necessary to achieve a seal and a special eyewear kit may be
necessary where prescription glasses are involved. Employees that cannot be properly fitted because of
conditions such as growth of beard, sideburns or temple pieces of glasses are not permitted to work in a
hazardous environment. To assure proper protection after having the fit test training, each wearer shall
check for a proper seal each time he puts on the respirator.
For individuals wearing corrective glasses--as a temporary measure--glasses with short temple bars or
without temple bars may be taped to the wearer’s head.
Wearing contact lenses with a full face air supplied respirator is not permitted. Fit testing should be
repeated frequently to verify that changes in physical status are accounted for.

9.6 Maintenance of Respiratory Protection Equipment


Maintaining the respiratory equipment is very important. The program will involve:
 Cleaning and disinfecting of equipment;
 Proper storage of equipment;
 Inspection of equipment for defects; and
 Repair of equipment.

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Manufacturers’ recommendations for maintenance of equipment must be followed to assure that


employees are not wearing defective respiratory equipment. All respirators shall be inspected routinely
before and after each use.
A respirator that is not routinely used but is kept ready for emergency use shall be inspected after use
and at least monthly to assure that it is in satisfactory working condition.
Self contained breathing apparatus shall be inspected monthly. A record shall be kept of inspection dates
and findings for respirators maintained for emergency use.
After inspection, cleaning and repair, respirators shall be stored to protect against dust, sunlight, heat,
extreme cold, excessive moisture or damaging chemicals.

9.7 Training
During training employees will be made aware of the types of hazards that they will encounter. They will
be informed of the proper type of respiratory protection that will be needed, its limitations and be
informed of the work areas involved. Training shall provide the men an opportunity to handle the
respirator, have it fitted properly, test its face-piece-to-face seal and wear it in normal air for a long
familiarity period. Training must also include proper maintenance of equipment. Records should also be
kept verifying respiratory program training.
The Hazard Communication Training will also aid in the process of informing employees of present
hazards.

9.8. Grade D Breathing Air Specifications


Carbon Monoxide (Maximum) 10 ppm
Carbon Dioxide (Maximum) 1,000 ppm
Oxygen 19.5 - 23.5 percent volume
Oil Mix (condensed hydrocarbon -Maximum) 5 mg/M 3
Odor Free from pronounced odor
Water Line pressure dew point should at least be 18EF
below the maximum ambient temperature for
that location. (See table below for further
information on acceptable moisture levels in the
compressed air.)

9.9. Moisture Conversion Data

Dew Point Dew Point


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EF EC PPM (V/V) MG/LIT MG/M3


-110 -78.9 4.58 0.00045 .45
-105 -76.1 0.94 0.00070 .7
-100 73.3 1.5 0.0011 1.1
-95 -70.5 2.3 0.0016 1.7
-90 -67.8 3.2 0.0024 2.4
-85 -65.0 5.0 0.0036 3.7
-80 -62.2 7.1 0.0055 5.5
-75 -59.4 10.6 0.0079 7.9
-70 -56.7 16.1 0.012 12
-65 53.9 24.2 0.018 18
-60 -51.1 30.9 0.023 23
-55 -48.3 43.0 0.032 32
-50 -45.6 60.5 0.045 55
-45 -42.8 87.3 0.065 65
-40 -40.0 121 0.09 90
-35 -37.2 161 0.12 120
-30 -34.4 229 0.17 170
-25 -31.6 382 0.21 210
-20 -28.9 403 0.30 300
-15 -26.1 538 0.40 400
-10 -23.3 685 0.51 510
-5 -20.5 900 0.67 670
-0 -17.8 1180 0.88 880

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MONTHLY SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS INSPECTION RECORD

LOCATION YEAR: PAK MODEL & NO.:

To complete inspection form, put a if the item is OK and an (x) if it needs repairs.

Cylinder Cond. Of Regulato Inspecte


Mask Harness Bypass Line Sorted in
Pressure(Fille Connection Mask & Cond. of r& d by
Month Location Straps Straps Valve Valve Plastic
d to Mfg. s Tight Headband Lenses Warning (Initials)
Extended Extended Closed Open Bas
Specs) s Device Remarks

Section VI - - 17
Personal Safety

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