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1 Solution:
DYNAMICS 1: 1 S  V0 t  at 2  formula
V0=0
S = V0 t ± at 2 2 1
2 2
S A  6 t  0.5 (1.5 ) t 2 H  Vt  gt
LINEAR MOTION h=?
2
V = V0 ± at
A body is said to be in linear motion, if the path SB  18 t  0.5 ( 0.9 ) t 2 2 V=?
5  V ( 0.3)  0.5 ( 9.81)( 0.3)
traced by it is a straight line 2 2
V = V0 ± 2aS V  15.195 ft/s
S A  SB  115.2
a) Linear motion with constant velocity H=5
EXAMPLE 1: A train running at 30 m/s is slowed 6t  0.75t 2  18t  0.45t 2  115.2 t=0.3
V 2  V0 2  2 gh
uniformly to a stop in 44 s. Find the stopping
Note: The velocity of the body is constant all t  16 s or - 6 s (absurd root)
throughout the period
distance. 15.1952  0  2 ( 9.81)h
h  11.768 m
Solution: VERTICAL TRAVEL:
t
Theory: Any body thrown freely up or down, will be DIFFERENCE IN HEIGHT OF BODIES THROWN UP
V V = V0 - at a (Optional Solutions Only)
V0=30 V =0 subjected to acceleration due to gravity (g).
0 = 30 - a(44)
t=44
S For a body traveling downward, the body is t
a  0.68 m/s2 V0
accelerating (speeding up) while for a body traveling t
S END
up, the body is decelerating (slowing down).
S = horizontal distance traveled 1 2 Standard values of g:
V = velocity S  V0 t  at START V0 V
2 V
t = time consumed in traveling distance S g = 9.81 m/s2 -H +H
S  30 ( 44 )  0.5( 0.68)( 44 )2  661.76 m = 981 cm/s2
S  Vt = 32.2 ft/s2 END START
t H V
ALTERNATE SOLUTION to solve distance S:
V0
Note: This topic was lectured in Algebra
2 2 1
V  V0  2 aS  H = V0 t - gt 2 ; V 2 = V0 2 - 2g(  H)
b) Linear motion with constant acceleration:
2 2
0  30  2 ( 0.68 )( S ) H = vertical distance traveled
Acceleration – change in velocity with respect to S  661.76 m V0 = initial velocity; V = final velocity EXAMPLE 4: A particle of dirt falls from an elevator
time t = time consumed in traveling distance S
that is moving up with a velocity of 3 m/s. If the
EXAMPLE 2: Car A is moving at 6 m/s and is g = gravitational acceleration particle reahes the bottom in 2 s, how high above
Horizontal motion: accelerating at 1.5 m/s2 to overtake car B which is + sign = body is moving down
the bottom was the elevator when the particle
115.2 m ahead. If car B is moving at 18 m/s and is - sign = body is moving up started falling.
t decelerating at 0.9 m/s2, how soon will A pass B?
V=0
V0 V 1
a Solution: H = V0 t ± gt 2
2 H t1

V = V0 ± gt t2=2-t1
S aA =1.5 aB =-0.9 V0=3
h
S = horizontal distance traveled V 2 = V0 2 ± 2gH
V0 = initial velocity; V = final velocity
t = time consumed in traveling distance S
115.2 SB EXAMPLE 3: A man standing at a window 5 m tall V2  V02  2gH
a = acceleration
watches a falling ball pass by the window in 0.3 s.
+ sign = body is speeding up SA How high above the top of the window was the ball 0  32  2(9.81)H
- sign = body is slowing down
released? H  0.46 m
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V  V0  gt1  Horizontal travel is governed by constant EXAMPLE 5: A projectile is fired at an angle of 20°
0  3  9.81t1 velocity concept with the horizontal at the top of a 30-m high gx 2
building. The muzzle velocity is 300 m/s. What is the y  x tan  
t1  0.306 s x = Vx t total time of flight? 2V02 cos2 
t 2  2  0.306  1.694 s 9.81x 2
Solution: 0  x tan 20 
 Vertical travel is governed by constant 2(15)2 (cos 20)2
1 acceleration concept V0=300
H  h  gt 22 x  14.74 m
2
0.46  h  0.5(9.81)(1.694)2 1 =20
 y = Vy t - gt 2 EXAMPLE 7: A golf ball leaves the golf club at an
h  13.62 m 2 angle of 60 above the horizontal with a velocity of
30 m/s. How high does it go?
y=-30
ALTERNATE SOLUTION:  Combining the two equations:
Solution:
1 2 gx 2
h  V0 t  gt V=0
2  y = x tan θ - x
2
2V0 cos θ 2 Vy
1 V0=3 V0=30
h  3(2)  (9.81)(2)2 h 1
2  y  V0 sin t  gt 2 h=?
h  13.62 m +y = if the final point of travel is above the 2 
Vx
initial point. =60
30  300(sin 20)(t)  (0.5)(9.81)(t 2 )
-y = if the final point of travel is below the t  21.2 s
Using the derived formula.
PROJECTILE MOTION initial point.
EXAMPLE 6: A soccer ball is kicked at an angle of
Projectile motion - motion of any body that is given

20° with the ground. Assuming its initial velocity is V0 2 sin 2 θ
H=  derived formula
an initial velocity and firing angle, then travels and 15 m/s, how far away from its launch site will it land? 2g
+y -y
follows a path determined entirely by the effects of
 30  2  sin  60o  
 2
gravitational acceleration and air resistance. Solution:
H=
2  9.81 
DERIVED (OPTIONAL) FORMULAS FOR Using the derived formula. H = 34.4 m
PROJECTILE PROBLEMS
Vy V0 Vy
y V0=15
V=0

y=0 ALTERNATE SOLUTION: Using conventional method
Vx

Vx
=20 V 2  Vy 2  2 gh  Vy  V0 sin 
x V y V0 H
 Vx V=0 x 0  ( 30 sin 60 )2  2 ( 9.81)(h)
Vx = V0 cos  ; Vy  V0 sin 
h  34.4 m
Vo2 sin 2θ
R=
V0 = initial velocity R g
Vx & Vy = horizontal & vertical components of V0
H = maximum height reached R=
 15 2 sin 2  20o 
R = maximum horizontal distance reached (range) 9.81
R = 14.74 m
 = firing angle
y = vertical distance traveled after time t V0 2 sin 2 θ V0 2 sin 2θ V0 2
H= ; R= ; R (max.) = ALTERNATE SOLUTION:
x = horizontal distance traveled after time t
2g g g Using the General Equation:
Note: At the final range of the ball, the elevation y is
zero.
Note: For maximum horizontal distance,  = 45°
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ACTIVITY # 7

1. What is the acceleration of a car that

increases in velocity from 20 m/s to 50
m/s in 5 seconds?
2. A motorcycle passing at A at a speed of 72
kph accelerates at 0.75 m/sec2 for one
minute along a straight path then
decelerates at 1.0 m/sec2. How far, in km,
from point A will it be 2 minutes after
passing point A?
3. An automobile moving at a constant velocity
of 15 m/sec passes a gasoline station.
Two seconds later, another automobile
leaves the gasoline station and accelerates
at 2 m/sec2. How far will the second
automobile overtake the first? How soon
will the second overtake the first?
4. A ball is dropped from the roof of a building
40 m above the street level. How soon
will it hit the street? With what velocity
will it hit the street?
5. A ball is thrown vertically upward from the
ground and a student gazing out of the
window sees it moving upward passes him
at 5 m/sec. If the window is 10 m above
the ground, how high does the ball go
above the ground? Compute the time of
flight.
6. The muzzle velocity of a projectile is 1,500
ft/sec and the distance of the target is 10
miles. What should be the angle of
elevation of the gun,?
7. A projectile is launched upward and to the
right at an angle of 60o with the
horizontal. It lands at a point 2 m lower
than that of the point of release. The
maximum height of the flight is attained 8
m away from the origin. Compute the
initial velocity and the horizontal range.
8. A plane dropped a bomb at an elevation of
800 m from the ground intended to hit a
target at on the ground. If the plane is
flying at 300 km/hr, at what distance from
the target must the bomb be released in
order to hit the target?