In which type of demand, minimum average consumption of water takes place?

A. Domestic water demand

B. Industrial water demand
C. Institutional and commercial water demand
D. Fire demand
ANSWER: D

Which is the correct statement regarding per capita demand?

A. Daily water required by an individual
B. Water required for various purposes by a person
C. Water required by an individual in a year
D. Annual average amount of daily water required by one person
ANSWER: D

What are the factors affecting per capita demand?

A. Size of city
B. Size of city, habit of people
C. Cost of water, quality of water, size of city, habit of people
D. None of the above
ANSWER: C

If the annual average hourly demand of the city is 10,000m3, what is the maximum
hourly consumption?
A. 2700m3
B. 27000m3
C. 270000m3
D. 2700000m3
ANSWER: B

What is the design period for the water treatment unit?

A. 10 years
B. 15 years
C. 20 years
D. 30 years
ANSWER: B

What is the design discharge for intake structures?

A. Maximum daily demand
B. Maximum hourly demand
C. Maximum weekly demand
D. Average daily demand
ANSWER: A

In which of the following units, design period is maximized?

A. Distribution systems
B. Demand reservoir
C. Water treatment unit
D. Pipe mains
ANSWER: B

What does a water supply system include?

A. Construction of dams
B. Digging a well for water
C. Drilling of boreholes
D. Entire arrangement from source to distribution
ANSWER: D

Which of the following is not a source of population data?

A. Market study
B. Kenya bureau of statistics
C. District development plan
D. Personal information
ANSWER: D

Aquifers are extremely important sources of water in many parts of the world. What
is the main factor that affects the occurrence of aquifers?
A. Climate
B. Geology
C. Over- abstraction
D. Limited infrastructure
ANSWER: C

Which one of the following is not an example of the impacts of water insecurity?
A. Waterborne diseases and water pollution
B. Food production
C. Industrial output
D. Potential for conflict
ANSWER: B

Which one of the following is not a method used in population forecasting?

A. Curvilinear method
B. Geometrical increase method
C. Isohytel method
D. Graphical method
ANSWER: C

The following processes are involved in the hydrologic cycle, which one is not?
A. Runoff
B. Photosynthesis
C. Transpiration
D. Condensation
ANSWER: B

Which of the following is not a source of groundwater system?

A. Rainfall
B. Water from streams
C. Soil
D. Rivers
ANSWER: C

While selecting the location of an intake for collecting surface water, the factor
considered is?
A. The intake point should be near as far as possible to the treatment plant
B. The intake point should be in purer zone of the water source
C. The intake point in meandering rivers should be on concave banks
D. All the above
ANSWER: D

Which of the following can be designated as an intake structure?

A. Culvert
B. River
C. Dam
D. Reservoir
ANSWER: D

Which of the following is not a type of intake?

A. River intake
B. Tower intakes
C. Tap intakes
D. Infiltration intakes
ANSWER: C

The following are primary design components of infiltration galleries, which one is
NOT?
A. Collecting pipe
B. Sump well
C. Filter bed
D. Excavated trench
ANSWER: B

Alum is a
A. Coagulant
B. Disinfectant
C. Flocculant
D. Catalyst
ANSWER: A

Fluoride is added to water to help in preventing?

A. Sickness
B. Fever
C. Tooth decay
D. Infection
ANSWER: C

The process in which water is passed through filter beds of sand and gravel to
remove smaller particles of dust is called?
A. Coagulation
B. Sedimentation
C. Filtration
D. Chlorination
ANSWER: C

Name three of the four steps to water treatment, in chronological order.

A. Pretreatment, secondary treatment, disinfection
B. Primary treatment, pretreatment, disinfection
C. Pretreatment, primary treatment, disinfection
D. Pretreatment, primary treatment, secondary treatment
ANSWER: D

Ozone, chlorine and ultraviolet light are use in which process?

A. Secondary treatment
B. Domestic water
C. Disinfection
D. Waste water
ANSWER: C

When does coagulation occur?

A. Chemicals are added to the water to make the particles stick together
B. The water is churned around
C. The particles settle on the tank surface
D. None of the above
ANSWER: A

Advantages of filtration in water purification are?

A. Kills all microorganisms in water
B. Water is clear and free from suspended particles
C. Removes all mineral salts in water
D. Does not contains dissolved substances
ANSWER: B

The two most important factors impacting the effectiveness of chlorination are?
A. PH of the water and the content of foreign substances in the water
B. Concentration of chlorine and content of foreign substances in the water
C. Concentration of chlorine and contact time
D. PH and temperature of water
ANSWER: B

Choose the most important job of water utility:

A. Pumping water from the source to utility and maintaining the pumping equipment
B. Ensuring public safety by posting ‘not potable’ signs near treated water
C. Building and maintaining water storage tanks for water treatment plants
D. Protecting public health by ensuring that water is safe to drink and use
ANSWER: D

Which of the following is not true about plastic pipes?

A. Plastic pipes are cheaper than metal pipes
B. Plastic pipes are light in weight
C. Plastic pipes can be installed with ordinary tools
D. Plastic pipes corrosive
ANSWER: D

A ____________ valve is an air- control valve designed to vent entrained air at

high points in water distribution systems.
A. Check
B. Air-release
C. Backflow
D. Combination air control
ANSWER: B

Which of the following designs of the distribution systems is not used in urban
areas?
A. Branching system
B. Grid iron system
C. Ring system
D. Radial system
ANSWER: A

The suitable layout for a water supply distribution system, for a city of roads of
rectangular pattern, is
A. Dead end system
B. Grid iron system
C. Ring system
D. Radial system
ANSWER: B

What is the minimum chlorine residual concentration required at the entrance of a

water distribution system?
A. 1 mg/l
B. 2 mg/l
C. 0.5 mg/l
D. 0.2 mg/l
ANSWER: D

What would arise if the PH of the water is low?

A. Excessive temperature
B. Scaling
C. Corrosion
D. Hardness
ANSWER: C

Where are chlorine samples typically collected from in the distribution system?
A. At points representative of conditions within the system
B. Uniformly distributed throughout the system as much as possible
C. At the extreme locations of the system
D. At representative points throughout the system based on elevation
ANSWER: A

Which type of pipe is typically used in the construction of very large water mains?
A. Asbestos-cement
B. Steel
C. Plastic
D. Galvanized
ANSWER: B

How must water systems service over 10,000 distribute consumer confidence reports
to consumers?
A. Television announcement
B. Radio announcement
C. Public meeting
D. Mail
ANSWER: D