CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL AS & A LEVEL PHYSICS: COURSEBOOK

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Coursebook answers
Chapter 26
Exam-style questions 6 a 
A magnetic flux linkage of 1 Wb exists if
a coil of 1 turn and area 1 m2[1]
1 B[1]
has a field of 1 T passing at right angles
2 T
 he most obvious demonstration is to show through it.[1]
that the secondary coil is made of insulated
(Other areas and numbers of turns are
wire, so no current can flow from the core
possible.)
to the secondary coil. (Alternatively, if you
arrange for a small gap in the core, perhaps a ∆Φ 0.6 × 1.2 × 10 −4
b i  = [1]
piece of paper, then there is still an induced ∆t 0.2
e.m.f., even though paper is an insulator. The  = 3.6 × 10−4 Wb s−1[1]
e.m.f. will be reduced because the amount ∆ ( NΦ )
ii E = = 240 × 3.6 × 10−4[1]
of flux in the core is reduced if there is not a ∆t
complete circuit of iron.)[1] E = 0.0864 ≈ 8.6 × 10−2 V[1]
 n electrical current is induced because there
A iii e.m.f. correct and constant between
is a change in the magnetic flux linking the 0 and 0.2 s and zero between 0.2 and
secondary coil. This changing flux is caused by 0.4 s[1]
the changing current in the primary coil.[1]
Negative e.m.f. of half the value in ii
3 a  Φ = BA[1] between 0.4 and 0.8 s[1]
 = 20 × 10−3 × (5.0 × 10−2)2 = 5.0 × 10−5 Wb[1] e.m.f. / V
∆ ( NΦ ) 0.086
b e.m.f.  E = [1]
∆t
100 × 5.0 × 10 −5
= [1]
0.1
= 5.0 × 10−2 V [1] 0.4 0.8
0
0
Time/ s
∆ ( NΦ )
4 e.m.f. E = = Blv[1]
∆t –0.043
E = 5.0 × 10  × 40 × 300[1]
−5

E = 0.60 V[1] distance 0.02

time taken =
i 
7 a  = =
absolute uncertainty = 10/300 × 0.60[1] speed 0.5
absolute uncertainty = 0.02 V[1] 4.0 × 10−2 s[1]
(Therefore, V = 0.60 ± 0.02 V) ii flux linkage = NBA =
5 When there is no flux linkage, the flux is 150 × 0.30 × (0.02 × 0.02)[1]
changing at the greatest rate and so the flux linkage = 1.8 × 10−2 Wb[1]
induced e.m.f. is a maximum.[2]
b T
 he rate of change of magnetic flux is
 hen the flux linkage is a maximum, it is,
W constant.[1]
instantaneously, not changing and thus there
is no induced e.m.f.[2]

Cambridge International AS & A Level Physics – Sang, Jones, Chadha & Woodside
1 © Cambridge University Press 2020
 CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL AS & A LEVEL PHYSICS: COURSEBOOK

c initial flux linkage = 0 and final flux b i Φ = BA = 50 × 10−3 × p × (0.1)2[1]

linkage = 1.8 × 10−2 Wb[1] Φ = 1.57 × 10−3 ≈ 1.6 × 10−3 Wb[1]

magnitude of induced e.m.f. = rate of ii change in flux linkage = ∆(NΦ) =
change of magnetic flux linkage[1] 600 × 1.57 × 10−3 − 0[1]
1.8 × 10 −2 − 0
E = [1] ∆(NΦ) = 0.942 ≈ 0.94 Wb (magnitude
4.0 × 10 −2
only)[1]
E = 0.45 V (magnitude only)[1] ∆ ( NΦ ) 0.942
iii e.m.f. E = = [1]
d W
 hen the coil is completely within the ∆t 0.12
field, the induced e.m.f. is zero.[1] e.m.f. E = 7.85 ≈ 7.9 V[1]
The reason for this is that there is no i   A change in magnetic flux causes an
9 a 
change in the magnetic flux linkage.[1] induced e.m.f.[1]
e e.m.f. / V
The spokes are cutting magnetic lines
of flux. or The circuit (containing a
spoke and the connections) is sweeping
0.45
out an area of magnetic flux.[1]
ii Increase the strength of the magnetic
field (magnetic flux density). This
causes a greater magnetic flux linking
the circuit and thus a greater rate of
0
0 0.04 0.08 Time/ s change of the magnetic flux.[1]
 orrect axes and labels with e.m.f.
C Rotate the coil faster. Each change in
constant between 0 and 0.04 s[1] magnetic flux occurs in a smaller time,
and thus a greater rate of change of
Zero e.m.f. between 0.04 and 0.08 s[1] flux occurs.[1]
8 a 
The magnitude of the e.m.f. induced is
directly proportional to the rate of change area per second = pR2f = p × (0.15)2 × 5
b i 
 [1] [1]
area per second = 0.353 ≈ 0.35 m2 s−1[1]
of magnetic flux linkage.[1]
∆ ( NΦ ) ∆( BA)
E=
ii  =
∆t ∆t
= 0.353 × 5 × 10−3[1]
E = 1.77 × 10−3 ≈ 1.8 × 10−3 V[1]

Cambridge International AS & A Level Physics – Sang, Jones, Chadha & Woodside
2 © Cambridge University Press 2020