Chap.

6 Permutations & Combinations 1

Permutation & Combination

Past Exam Questions Answer:
(b) Total school (n) = 6
June-2012 No. of son (r) = 3
No. of ways = nPr = 6P3
1. The letters of the word “VIOLENT’ are
arranged so that the vowels occupy even
4. How many permutations can be formed from
place only. The number of permutations is
the letters of the word “DRAUGHT’, if both
__________.
vowels may not be separated?
(a) 144 (b) 120
(a) 720 (b) 1,440
(c) 24 (d) 72
(c) 140 (d) 1,000
Answer:
Answer:
(a) In word “VIOLENT”
(b) Words ‘DRAUGHT’
No. of vowel = 3 (I, O, E)
If both vowels may not be separated this
No. of consonant = 4 (V, L, N, T)
mean that both vowels comes together
Total no. of letter = 7
OEOEOEO O → Odd
D R G H T AU
E → Even
6 5 4 3 2 1
There are 3 Even places and 4 Odd places so 3
vowels can fill in 3 even places and 4
No. of ways if two vowels comes together
consonants can fill in 4 Odd places. Then total
= 6 ! × 2 ! = 720 × 2 = 1,440
number of
ways = 3P3 4P4
5. If 13C6 + 2 13CS + 13C4 = 15CX then, x = _________.
= 3! × 4!
(a) 6 (b) 7
= 6 × 24
(c) 8 (d) 9
= 144
Answer:
(a) If 13C6 + 2 13C5 + 13C4 = 15Cx
2. If nP4 = 20 (nP2) then the value of ‘n’ is
(13C6 + 13C5) + (13C5 + 13C4) = 15Cx
__________. 14C6 + 14C5 = 15Cx [nCr + nCr-1 = n+1Cr]
(a) -2 (b) 7 15C6 = 15Cx
(c) - 2 and 7 both (d) None of these.
on comparing, [x = 6]
Answer:
(b) Given nP4 = 20. nP2
June-2013
|n |n
− = 20.
|n − 4 |n − 2 6. A polygon has 44 diagonals then the number
or (n - 2) (n - 3) = 20 of its sides are:
or n2 - 5n - 14 = 0 (a) 8 (b) 9
n2 - 7n + 2n -14 = 0 (c) 10 (d) 11
n(n - 7) + 2(n - 7) = 0 Answer:
→ n = 7 or n = -2 (not possible) (d) Let number of sides of polygon is n.
n (n − 3)
→ n = 7 or n = -2 (not possible) No. of diagonal =
2
44 n2 − 3n
December-2012 =
1 2
88 = n2 - 3n
3. A man has 3 sons and 6 schools within his n2 3n 88 = 0
reach. In how many ways, he can send them to (n -11) (n + 8) = 0
school, if two of his sons are to read in the If n -11 = 0 If n + 8 = 0
same school? n = 11 n = - 8 (not valid)
(a) 6P2 (b) 6P3
(c) 63 (d) 36
Chap. 6 Permutations & Combinations 2

7. The number of words that can be formed out (c) 366 × 365 × 364 (d) 366C3
of the letters of the word “ARTICLE” so that Answer:
vowels occupy even place is: (a) No. of way can a family consist of three
(a) 36 (b) 144 children have different birthday in a leap
(c) 574 (d) 754 year = 366 × 365 × 364
Answer: June-2014
(b) In the word ‘ARTICLE’ 12. If 1000C98 = 999C97 + xC901, then the value of x
Total Vowels = A, I, E (3) will be:
Total consonant = R, T, C, L (4) (a) 999 (b) 998
✓ ✓ ✓ (c) 997 (d) None of these.
O E O E O E O Answer:
No. of ways = 3P3 × 4! (a) If 1000C98 = 999C97 + xC901
= 3! × 4! By Properties nCr + nCr-1 = n+1Cr
= 6 × 24 999C97 + xC901 = 1000C98…………… (1)

999C97 + 999C98 = 999 + 1C98

= 144
999C97 + 999C98 = 1000C98
8. Number of ways of shaking hands in a group 999C97 + 999C999-98 = 1000C98
of 10 persons shaking hands to each other 999C97 + 999C901 = 1000C98…………… (2)
are:
Comparing (1) & (2) we get
(a) 45 (b) 54
x = 999
(c) 90 (d) 10
Answer: December-2014
(a) For shaking hand No. of ways = nC2 = 10C2
10×9
13. If 6Pr = 360, then the value of ‘r’ is:
= (a) 5 (b) 3
2×1
= 45 (c) 4 (d) None of these.
9. If 15C3r = 15Cr+3, then ‘r’ is equal is Answer:
(a) 2 (b), 3 (c) If 6pr = 360
6! 360
(c) 4 (d) 5 =
(6−r)! 1
Answer: 360. (6 - r)! = 6!
(b) Given 15C3r = 15Cr+3 360. (6 - r)! = 720
∵ If nCx = nCy 720
[ ] (6 - r)! =
360
then x + y = n
(6 - r)! = 2
Then 3r + r + 3=15
(6 - r)! = 2!
4r = 15 – 3
On comparing 6 - r =2
4r = 12
r=4
R=3
14. There are 5 books on English, 4 Books on
December-2013 Tamil and 3 books on Hindi. In how many
10. How many different words can be formed ways can these books be placed on a shelf if
with the letters of the word “LIBERTY” the books on the same subjects are to be
(a) 4050 (b) 5040 together?
(c) 5400 (d) 4500 (a) 1,36,800 (b) 1,83,600
Answer: (c) 1,03,680 (d) 1,63,800
(b) No. of different word can be formed from Answer:
the letters of ‘LIBERTY’ = 7! (c) No. of English Book = 5
= 5040 No. of Tamil Book = 4
No. of Hindi Book = 3
11. In how many ways can a family consist of E1E2E3E4E5 T1T2T3T4 H1H2H3
three children here different birthdays in a 1 2 3
leap year No. of ways = 5! × 4! × 3! × 3! = 1,03,680
(a) 365C3 (b) 366°C3 - 3
Chap. 6 Permutations & Combinations 3

15. 5 Men and 4 Women to sit in a row in such a = 120

manner that the woman always occupy the
18. A student has three books on computer, three
even places. The number of such arrangement
books on Economics and five books on
will be:
Commerce. If these books are to be arranged
(a) 126 (b) 1056
subject wise, then these can be placed on a
(c) 2080 (d) 2880
shelf in the number of ways:
Answer:
(a) 25290 (b) 25920
(d) Total men = 5, Total women = 4
(c) 4230 (d) 4320
O E O E O E O E O
Answer:
1 2 3 4
(b) No. of ways = 3! 3! 5! 3!
No. of ways = 4p4 × 5!
= 6×6×120×6
[nPn = n!]
= 216×120
= 4! × 5! = 25,920
= 24 × 120
= 2,880 December-2015
June-2015
19. An examination paper with 10 questions
16. The four-digit numbers that can be formed consists of 6 questions in mathematics and 4
out of the seven digits 1,2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9 such that questions in statistic part. At least one
no digit is repeated in any number and are question from each part is to be attempted in
greater than 3000 are: how many ways can this be done?
(a) 120 (b) 480 (a) 1024 (b) 945
(c) G00 (d) 840 (c) 1005 (d) 1022
Answer: Answer:
(c) (b) Total question =10
Th H T U No. of Mathematics questions = 6
1 (3) 1 × 6 × 5 × 4 = 120 No. of Statistics questions = 4 .
2 No. of ways at least one question of
(5) 1 × 6 × 5 × 4 = 120 Mathematics
3
= (26 - 1) = (64 - 1) = 63
5 (7) 1 × 6 × 5 × 4 = 120
No. of ways at least one question of statistics
7
(8) 1 × 6 × 5 × 4 = 120 = (24 - 1) = (16 - 1) = 15
8
Total no. of ways = 63 × 15 = 945
9 (9) 1 × 6 × 5 × 4 = 120
Total No. of 20. If npr = 720 and ncr = 120, then value of V is:
= 600
ways (a) 4 (b) 5
17. A person has ten friends of whom six are (c) 6 (d) 3
relatives. If he invites five guests such that Answer:
three of them are his relatives, then the total (d) npr = 720 and ncr =120
number of ways in which he can invite them we know that
are: nc
r 1
np =
(a) 30 (b) 60 r r
120 1
(c) 120 (d) 75 =
720 r
Answer: 1 1
=
(c) Total Friend = 10 6 r

No. of Relative = 6 r=6

No. of Friend = 4 r= 3 [∵ 3 = 3.2.1 =6]
No. of ways to invite five guest such that three r=3
of them are his relatives. = 6C3 × 4C2
6×5×4 4×3 21. There are 6 men and 4 women in a group, then
×
3×2×1 2×1 the number of ways in which a committee of
= 20 × 6
Chap. 6 Permutations & Combinations 4

5 persons can be formed of them, if the Answer:

committee is to include at least 2 women are: (c) The maximum number of points of
(a) 180 (b) 186 intersection of n circle= nP2
(c) 120 (d) 105 = 10P2
= 10 × 9
= 90

Answer:
(b) Men Women December-2016
6 4 25. If n+1Cr+1 : nCr : n - 1Cr - 1 = 8:3:1, then n is equal
taken member at a time = 5 to:
at least 2 women are taken then it may be (a)20 (b) 16
following ways (c) 10 (d) 15
(a) 3 Men and 2 Women = 6c3 × 4c2 = 20 × 6 Answer:
(b) 2 Men and 3 Women = 6c2 × 4c3 =15 × 4 (d) If n+1Cr+1 : nCr : n-1Cr-1 = 8:3:1
(c) 1 Men and 4 Women = 6c1 × 4c4 = 6 × 1 Now n+1Cr+1 : nCr = 8:3
Total ways = 20 × 6 + 15 × 4 + 6 × 1 |n + 1 |n
=120 + 60 + 6 : = 8: 3
|r + 1|n + 1 − r − 1 |r |n − r
= 186
(n + 1)|n |n
June-2016 : = 8: 3
(r + 1) |r + 1 |n − r |r |n − r
22. In how many ways can a selection of 6 out of (n + 1) n r n-r 8
: =
4 teachers and 8 students be done so as to (r + 1) r n-r n 3
n+1 8
include at least two teachers? =
r+1 3
(a) 220 (b) 672 3n + 3 = 8r + 8
(c) 596 (d) 968 3n - 8r = 8 - 3
Answer: 3n - 8r = 5 ____________ (1)
(b)If taken at least two teachers. It may be and nCr : n-1Cr-1 = 3 :1
following ways |n |n − 1 3
(i) 2T and 4S = 4C2 × 8C4 = 6 × 70 = 420 : =
|r|n − r |r − 1 |n − 1 − r + 1 1
(ii) 3T and 3S = 4C3 × 8C3 = 4 × 56 = 224
n|n − 1 |n − 1 3
(iii) 4T and 2S = 4C4 × 8C2 = 1 × 28 = 28 : =
Total no. of ways = 420 + 224 + 28= 672 r|r − 1 |n − r |r − 1 |n − r 1
n n-1 r-1n-r 3
× =
23. There are 10 students in a class including 3 r r-1n-r n-1 1
n 3
girls. The number of ways to arrange them in =
r 1
a row when any two girls out of three never 3 = 3r __________ (2)
comes together: Putting n= 3r in equation (1) we get
(a) 8P3 7 (b) 3P3 7 3 × 3r - 8r = 5
(c) 8P3 10 (d) None of these. 9r - 8r = 5
Answer: Putting r = 5 in equation (2)
(a) There are 10 students in the class n = 3r = 3 × 5 = 15
No. of girls = 3
No. of boys = 7 26. The number of numbers between 1,000 and
B×B×B×B×B×B×B 10,000, which can be formed by the digits
If any two girls never come together 1,2,3, 4, 5, 6 without repetition is:
No. of ways = 8P3.7! (a) 720 (b) 180
(c) 360 (d) 540
24. The maximum number of points of inter Answer:
section of 10 circles will be: (b) No. of ways = npr 6P4 =
6
6−4
(a) 2 (b) 20 6
(c) 90 (d) 180 =
2
Chap. 6 Permutations & Combinations 5

720
= = 360 29. The number of parallelograms, formed from a
2
set of six parallel lines intersecting another
27. The number of ways in which 4 persons can set of four parallel lines is:
occupy 9 vacant seats is: (a) 360 (b) 90
(a) 6048 (b) 3024 (c) 180 (d) 45
(c) 1512 (d) 4536 Answer:
Answer: (b) No. of Parallelograms are formed from a
(b) No. of ways in which 4 persons can occupy set of m parallel lines intersecting another set
9 vacant seats = 9p4 of n Parallel lines = mc2 × nc2
9 Here m = 6, n= 4
=
9−4
9
= 6C 2 × 4C 2
= 6×5 4×3
5 = ×
2×1 2×1
9×8×7×6 5
= = 15 × 6
5
=9×8×7×6 = 90
= 3,024
30. The number of words which can be formed by
letters of the word ‘ALLAHABAD’ is:
June-2017
(a) 7560 (b) 3780
28. If 10C3 + 2.10C4 + 10C5 = nC5 then value of n is: (c) 30240 (d) 15120
(a) 10 (b) 11
(c) 12 (d) 13 Answer:
Answer: (a) Given word ‘ALLAHABAD’
(c) If 10C3 + 2 10C4 + 10C5 = nC5 No. of ways =
n!
10C3 + 10C4 + 10C4 + 10C5 = nC5 p!q!
Total No. of letter (n) = 9
{10C5 + 10C4) + (10C4 + 10C3) = nC5
10+1C5 + 10+1C4 = nC5 (∵ nCr + nCr - 1 = n+1Cr) No. of ‘A’ ‘p’ = 4
11C5 + 11C4 = nC5 No. of ‘L’ ‘q’ = 2
9! 9×8×7×6×5×4!
11+1C5 = nC5 No. of words = =
4! 2! 4!×2!
12C5 = nC5 9×8×7× 63 ×5
=
2×1
on comparing n = 12
= 7560
Chap. 6 Permutations & Combinations 6

Summary Notes

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________
Chap. 6 Permutations & Combinations 7