~

WRITING SECTION INSTRUCTIONS

30-MINUTE TIME LIMIT

• The exami ner will have already provided you a writing answer document on which to write your essay. Make sure you
have fi lled ir, your name, your signature, your birthdate, and your registration number.

• Do NOT write your essay in this test booklet. Write your essay on the answer document you have been provided.

• Use a #2 (soft) pencil only.

• You will have 30 minutes to write on one of the two topics. If you do not write on one of these topics, your paper will not
be scored.

• You may make an outline if you wish, but your outline will not count toward your score.

• Write about one-and-a -half to two pages. Your essay will be marked down if it is extremely short.

• Write inside the boxes on pages 2, 3, and 4 of your answer document.

• Extra sheets of paper or scratch paper will not be scored. Please use only the space provided on the answer document to
write your essay.

• You will not be graded on the appearance of your paper, but your handwriting must be readable. You may change or
correct your writing, but you should not recopy the whole essay.

• Your essay will be judged on clarity and overall effectiveness, as well as on topic development, organization, and the
range, accuracy, and appropriateness of your grammar and vocabulary.

1. Many people consider attending university to be an important stepping-stone for their careers. But some of the
world's most successful business people, such as Bill Gates and Steve Jobs, never attended university. Do you think
that higher education is a necessary step for career preparation? Give specific details and reasons to support your
viewpoint.

2. Some people enjoy participating in risky activities, such as car racing, gambling, and extreme sports. Other people
tend to be more cautio us in their approach to life and entertainment. Why are some people risk takers, while others
prefer to play it safe? Be specific in your discussion and provide concrete examples.

When you have selected your topic, remember to fill in "1 "or "2" in the ECPE Writing Response box in the front of your
writing answer document.

Plea se obse rve silence. Do not leave the room during the time period. Remember, you have 30 minutes to complete your
essa y.

DO NOT TURN THE PAGE UNTIL THE EXAMINER HAS TOLD YOU TO DO SO.
 LISTENING SECTION INSTRUCTIONS

Thi s is a test of your ability to understand spoken Eng li sh. Th e li sten in g section has three part s. Th ere are 50 qu es tion s.
Mark all your answers on th e separa te answer shee t. Do not make an y stray marks on th e an swer shee t. If you ch ang e your
mind about an answer, erase your first answer co mpl etely.

Part 1
In this part, you will hear short conversations. From the three answer choices, se lect th e answer which means about th e
same thing as what you hear, or is true based upon what you hear. For example, li sten to th e conversation :

Example (listen): a. They will stay home.

b. They will go to a game.
c. They don't like football.
The correct answer is b.
For problems 1 through 15, mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. No problems can be repeated . Please listen
carefully. Do you have any questions?

1. a. She has not bought the dress. 8. a. The van is expected to arrive in 20 minutes.
b. She wants the dress to be altered . b. She has been waiting longer than she expected.
c. She would like to return a dress she bought. c. She is calling to arrange transportation to a
hotel.
2. a. She is helping him to solve a problem with a
client. 9. a. She recently left the hospita l.
b. He does not want to give somebody a new b. She will need time to recover.
contract. c. She is scheduling her operation .
c. He is spending too much money for someone's
services. 10. a. They are preparing for a test in school.
b. They are participating in a scientific study.
3. a. They both recently moved to the area. c. They need to know the names of the scientists.
b. They frequently travel to the same region.
c. They used to live in the same part of the 11. a. He recently hired her.
country.
b. She is interviewing for a job.
c. She does not like her current job.
4. a. They need to cancel their lunch plans.
b. He wants to eat as soon as possible.
12. a. She is helping him prepare to speak in public.
c. She does not want to borrow money from the
b. She will be talking to a wide variety of people.
man.
c. They are splitting the audience into two groups.

5. a. They are waiting for somebody to arrive.

13. a. She is impressed by his economic success.
b. They need somebody to send additional files .
b. She is surprised he is able to do such a large job.
c. They are about to begin a public presentation.
c. She is curious about his plans to expand his
6. business.
a. She forgot he needed to mail a letter.
b. He rece ntly returned from the store.
14. a. She wants to borrow hi s cellphone.
c. Th ey are putting together a shopping list.
b. They both own the same kind of phone.
7. a. They both work in the film indu stry. c. He recently bought a new srnartphone.
b. They are thinking about see ing a movi e.
15. a. She m anages th e building he lives in .
c. There are a lot of people in th eir building .
b. He sent his check to the wrong address.
c. They live in the same apartment building.
 Listening Listening 1c:JHU
Pc,rt 2
1 th 1l ,w 1 , ,,. , \\ill l,1· 11 , q1H ;.r, 0 11 I rom 1hr thrr" t1n\w<'r chore l' s grvPn, choo~ P th e onn whrch bnst an sviPr; th~
4 •'' \!1 1~11 I 1 11 l . •"1ll'i!' l,qrn In lhc qu 0 q1on
t • 11 r,1, l1l i ,_•r1J ,, 1hr wE'dd,ng\ ner t c;i'lturday
h f~•s \hf'\ mar rred
r Two wreh ilgo
- h.-· \ (l ff(' ( l illls\'\' C•f IC, ,J

11
r < nroblrnv, 1f, through 3S mark your answers on the se parate answer sheet. No problems can be repea ted. Plea-,.,
l1•, f0 n I r1rnfully Do vou have any queslrons?

16 ri . Thr>rp \ one on your desk. - ~

26. a. Not really - I've been pretty happy With it
b. Thi'lnks. but I have one already.
b. Go ahead - I'm not really watching anyrh,ng.
c Yes. they 're S7 95, plus tax.
c. So metimes the sound drops off for no reason
17 a It', gotten all over the floor.
27. a. I don't think he ha s.
b Probably from under the si nk.
b. We both worked on it.
c Not too often - mostly when it rains.
c. I have it in my cellphone.

1P, ;,, He still hasn't gotten his results.

28. a. The earlier, the better.
b He's the one who told me about it.
b. My clock says six-oh-five.
c. I'm pretty sure he has class tomorrow.
c. Why do you need so many?
19. a. No, not really.
b Yes, she works here. 29. a. I'm pretty sure I have everyth ing.
c. She must be running late. b. Like most people, I got mine at 16.
c. It's been a while, but I'm su re I still remember
JO . a. It's a project management position. how.
b. There's a lot of com petition for the job.
c. I was thinking about it - you think I should? 30. a. Sometimes - but I hate it during rush hour.
b. Give me two minutes and I'll be ready to go.
)1 a. Unul next Monday or so. c. I normally take the nine o'clock to Church Avenut
b. Within one business week.
c. Since the first of the month . 31 . a. I'm sure they take credit cards.
b. Oh no! Do you want to call them ?
) ). d. I wa s there recently. c. Yeah, you were supposed to turn right.
b. I've heard it 's bea utiful.
c. Nei th er have I, unfortun ately. 32. a. It's bee n a co uple of years.
b. They 're fin e - just a bit sore.
)3 d. Me too I love th is time of th e year. c. What time's th e appoin tm ent ?
b. Yeah the crowds ca n get pretty bad.
r. No t dl th e moment what ca n I do for you? 33. a. It looks like it's expired already.
b. Buy one and you ge t a second one free.
L4 . o. No, rt 's still for sa le.
c. We seem to be out, but you ca n get one onlir
h. Miric th ar's TPrry Jones.
c. Dr.,pr:nd s how rnu ch it costs. 34. a. None for me, thanks.
b. Yep, they're all gone.
25. d. Every ·10 minuth .
c. Not too bad, actually.
b. Good, I'll get off here.
c. I'd sugges t you take a taxi.
35. i'l. It's not too difficult - you can do it yourself.
b. Every co uple of years or so - but it's worth it.
22 Practi ce Tests for th e EC PE Book 1 - Tes ! 1 c. A lot chea per than a new engine, believe rr,e.
 Listening Listening Listening
Part 3
In thi s part, you will heM three short seg ment s from r1 radi o program . The prog ram is ca ll ed "Learning from the Experts." You
wi ll hea r what three di ffere nt rad io gues ts have to sa y about three different topic s. Each talk lasts abo ut three minutes. As
yo u li sten, yo u may want to take so me notes to help you remember informati on given in the ta lk. Write you r notes in this test
booklet. Aft er each talk, you will be as ked some questi ons about w hat was sai d. From the three answer choices given, you
shou ld choose th e one th at be st answers th e qu esti on according to the information you heard .

Remember, no problems ca n be repeated . For probl ems 36 through 50, mark all your answers on the separate answer
sheet. Do yo u have any qu esti ons?

Segment 1 Write notes here.

Mork your answers on the separate answer sheet.

36. Wh at is sai d about people who are in positions of

power 7
a. Th ey need to make themse lves avai lable to
offer advice to others.
b. Th ey are often in powerful positions because
of their ability to take advice.
c. They need to integrate advice seeking into
their decision-making process.

37. What is sai d to be a benefit of seeking advice?

a. learning to share knowledge and advice
b. consi deri ng problems from different
perspectives
c. shortening the time it takes to solve problems

38. What does Ron Elder say is the main reason people
do not ask for advice?
a. They do not wish to appear weak.
b. They do not consider it as an option.
c. They do not know people who can help them.

39. Wh at is wrong with using the Web to find help

with a problem?
a. It ca n be difficult to find reliable information .
b. It lacks instructive exam pl es to base decisions
upon .
c. It does not offer solutions to a person's specific
probl em.

40. Acco rding to th e spea ker, what should on e

co nsid er wh en working with an adv isor?
a. Selec t a person with excell ent li ste ning skill s.
b. Find someo ne wh o has experi ence giving
advice.
c. Make sure to cover every detail about th e
prob lem or situation .

Prr1c tice Tes ts for th e EC PE Book 1 - Test 1 23

 ~

I Segment 2
Listening

Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.

Listening
Write notes here.
Listening

4 1. Why was the portable pollution tester invented?

a. to monitor pollution at the street level
b. to detect pollution in difficult-to -reach place s
c. to identify pollutants that are harmful to
human s

42 . What is the pollution tester able to do?

a. identify precise locations that cause pollution
b. relay instant information to a research
laboratory
c. monitor individuals' reactions to different
pollutants

43. According to the speakers, who might benefit from

using a portable pollution tester?
a. people who work outdoors
b. people who live near factories
c. people with respiratory illnesses

44. What is said to be the pollution tester's main

technological innovation?
a. small and accurate sensors
b. precise navigational capability
c. clearer communication technology

45. What kinds of particles does the pollution tester

have trouble detecting?
a. very sma ll particles
b. du st, smo ke, and mold
c. particles larger than 2.5 micrometers

~
 Listening Listening Listening
Write notes here.
Segment 3
Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.

46. What is a major focus of this conversation?

a. methods for analyzing poetry
b. conflicting definitions of poetry
c. historical roots of modern poetry

47 . Why does Jared Kalman talk about fruit vendors in

the Philippines?
a. to argue that poetry is a universal art form
b. to describe how poetry functions in people's
lives
c. to demonstrate a link between singing and
poetry

48. What does the woman mean by the phrase a

private voice?
a. thoughts that are personal to the poet
b. poems about personal issues or experiences
c. ideas that are not meant to be shared with
others

49. What influence did the 20th century have on

poetry?
a. It introduced more personal themes.
b. It transformed traditional poetic forms.
c. It increased the need to listen to poetry.

so. What is implied about free-verse poetry?

a. It is more similar to natural speech than poetry.
b. It conforms to specific patterns, rhythms, and
sounds.
c. It cannot completely free itself from elements
of oral poetry.
 Gramm
Grammar Citizens w ere - support e:tra tran sportatio0
58. funding in 201 Oas they were 1n 2000 .

-
the six division charnpion s, th e second -place
51 . tearn with the best record also rnakes the pl ayoffs. a. as willing
b. willing as
a. Because of c. as willing as
b. Furthermore d. as willing to
c. Otherwise
d. In addition to . According to research, the two - exercises fc,r
59 burning fat are walking and cycling .
52. Many properties in the area _ from single
dwellings to multi-family apartments. a. most effective
b. are most effectively
a. converting are
c. most effective are
b. are conversion
d. in the most effective
c. being converted
d. have been converted 60. The snow has begun falling, and - , as winter
seems to have decided to make its introduction
53. Starlings are one of North America's most _ bird
species, having displaced numerous native birds. this year with a bang .

a. invade a. has so the temperature

b. invasion b. so has the temperature
c. invasive c. so the temperature has
d. invaded d. the temperature has so

The main role of financial planners is to advise Baxter's critics complain that the artist_ mud
54. 61.
clients on how best-- their money. of the work for which he takes the cred it .

a. managing a. did have assistants

b. to manage b. has his assistants do
c. management of c. assistants who had done
d. the management for d. have assistants been doing

The politician carriers are facing major increases The best solutions - - problems you did not
55 . 62.
- - renting spectrum from the government.
know you had.
a. to the cost
a. that are solving
b. about th e cost
b. those are to solve
c. in the cost of
c. solve that are those
d. of the cost for
d. are those that solve

56. h politician expects that by th ·rs t·ime next year

The
e -. __ all the money that was loaned to him 63 . Proper
h h installation should ensure an even
during hr s ca mpaign. eat t. roughout the fl oor ,s surface.

a. has returned a. distributes

b. going to return b. distribute the
c. will have returned c. distribution of
d. would have been returning d. distributing the

57. Candidate interv,ews

. have b
the last two we k . een scheduled 64. The most crowded country in E .
e ends ,n October ~- population d . urope 1s Monaco,
a. by . ens1ty of ov 1
square kilomete er 8,000 people pe1
r.
b. for
a. a
c. into
d. upon b. has a
C. it is a
d. with a
26 Practice Tests for the ECP E R(')(') I, 1
 Grammar Grammar Grammar
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rl r;cir\r rI pat1 nn 1<, curr 0 nt
n ;irjo(J H ' P r,r,t ,rp • O h ~op1''1 ,....,,Jf ,j li.:! v;,,
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the demand ) th<>y make on technoloqy producf>r\
a Ord WP OI VP
bnc0m i:,
b Hod WP hePn g " "'n
a much morn c We have bPPn or ,ntJ
b greatnr d We should havP a vPn
c. th e mo~\
d more tha n 73. Spring is considered the bPS{ trrr;:, I') ( 1 h ~ ,.;, 1 , r
_ _ to place a home on th"' m~rke t
67 for retirement or a new home, First Bank
a. th at
offN'.> financial producb and ~ervi ces th at can help
b, wh ere
you g (' \ what you want.
c. when
a However you sa ve d. which
b Whether you are saving
c Whi chever you are sa vin g 74 . Th e survey found th at most vacc n.:.s sold r
d Nevertheless you sa ve ph arm acies are not
a. store properly
()8 . Susan Myer) re ported to auditors that she _ _
b. proper to store
her car for les~ than two years before it broke
C. storing properly
down.
d. properl y stored
a wil l own
b has to own 75 . Cockroaches are insects thJt thcc" ,r '<.1 -.t',
c had owned
reputa tion, perform a vnal run...c,on in n.lt·~rt:
d was ownrng
a. unless
b. de spite
69 Nf'w York's fash ion week rs always full of ideas,
C. because
both from the desrgners on display and rh e publ ic
d. al though
their shows
a. c11tend s /6 . With help trom i\l,H~t't 11hJ Pr._,~ ~ou 1.Jn tnto
b. to ,mend
rt>dlily 111 ,l '> l1ttlt-' ,h thr~ rn1..)nth)
C c1ttPnd1ng
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d ME' dt1 end1ng
li tu rn {o h..1\ e }•,.llll rde.i '>
JU h.ive your 1de,h turned
rn-,cr!.t- I10 !> such d profound effec t on our
d ht1v 111~ turned yow 1di::cb
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b llldt th e tt•,1,1>11 '>
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wt,.11 dlt' thr rea:..om
cL c1 1"' ct w,e reci~on'> that

Prd cl1C' tl Te::. t s for th e ECPE Boo ~ 1 - Test 1 27

 78. The beauticians at Pacific Beauty _ _ as they are 85. Abbott's big bet on the euro turned hirn~
of the world's most successful currency t------cit,
I
talented. . ra~
a. into · T
a. friendly
b. over
b. as friendly
c. friendliness c. from
d. beyond
d. are as friendly

86. Studies show that - - , people experience

79. The city is going to have to make some difficult
decisions _ _ its development needs and desires feelings of heightened awareness and calm .

for historic preservation. a. meditating after moments

b. after the meditating moments
a. in regard reconciling
b. regard to reconciliation of
c. the moments after meditation
c. regarding how to reconcile d. moments after meditating
d. regardless how it is reconciling
87. In the case of people who perform in high-presslll\
80. Nothing can be more _ _ for a potential employer situations, fearlessness should not be confu sed
than trying to read a poorly formatted resume. with the _ _ fear.

a. frustrated a. absented
b. frustrating b. absent for
c. frustration c. are absent
d. to frustrate d. absence of

81 . _ _ most is the ability to preview documents 88. A dutiful mother, Cheryl makes her ch ildren __
before publishing them. their homework every even ing before bed.
a. Users want a. do
b. Wanting users b. to do
c. What users want c. doing
d. Users to be wanting d. will do

82. The patient suffered symptoms that _ _ with a 89. It was only when Roger arrived at w ork _ _ the
simple herbal remedy. meeting had been postponed.
a. could ease a. learning that
b. able to be eased b. when he had learned
c. should it be easing c. that he learned
d. might have been eased d. while he w as learning

83. Not until Nigel took up rock climbing _ _ to 90. Th e last time _ _ the prestigious Hamilton Prizi
overcome his fear of heights. was more than 25 years ago.
a. he began a. a woman has won
b. did he begin b. a woman won
c. he had begun c. been won by a woman
d. was he beginning d. was won by a woman

84. The agency reported _ _ sent a mission to Rome,

and was on the verge of reach ing an agreement.

a. had it
b. that it had
c. having it
d. what it had
 Cloze Cloze Cloze
This passage is about diabetes. 91. a. in c. to
b. of d. from
The number of Americans with diabetes continues to
rise, according to a study by the American Health Service
92 . a. apprais ed c. es timated
(AHS). Nearly 26 million Americans have diabetes, and b. evaluated d. interpreted
another 79 million have pre-diabetes, or are at risk J2.ll
developing the disease. More seriously, an Jill seven 93 . a. cured c. afflicted
million diabetics do not know they are Jlli, making public b. pressed d. neglected
education a matter of urgency.
94. a. Surely c. Alarmingly
J21L, the AHS has announced a "Rolling Diabetes
b. Clearly d. Accordingly
Forum''. which, on April 2nd, will begin traveling around
the country. These free events will offer health screenings, 95. a. indicating c. performing
cooking demonstrations, and exhibitors ~ products b. expressing d. showca sing
for diabetes care. Experts will talk about current issues
in diabetes _f2fil_, including how to deal with diabetes 96. a. operation c. procedure
b. treatment d. prescription
complications, and how to live a healthy lifestyle with the
Jill of managing or preventing the disease. c. start
97. a. goal
The AHS estimates that one out of every three b. view d. need
Americans may have diabetes by 2050 if current J2fil_
98. a. ends c. models
continue. Type 2 diabetes, in which the body slowly loses
b. trends d. upshots
its ability to produce insulin, l22L for more than 90% of
all cases. Risk factors for type 2 diabetes include old age,
99. a. shows c. resolves
obesity, family history, and a (100) lifestyle. With proper
b. defines d. accounts
education, diabetes can be prevented.
100. a. docile c. resigned
b. latent d. sedentary

Practice Tests for the ECPE Book 1 - Test 1 29

 ""'Ill

Cloze Cloze Cloze

This passage is about peacocks.
101. a. fur
mane d. plumage
Peacocks, with their dazzling and iridescent feathers, b.
are among nature's most exotic birds. Peacocks use their
the C. what
brilliant i1.Q]J to attract peahens, the females of their 102. a.
that d. how
spec b.
0 ies. But it has never been clear to scientists exactly
JJ 21 part of those feathers is most important. What exactly C. displayed
is the peahen looking at? 103. a. wore
outfitted d. implemented
b.
To answer this question, scientists recently i1.@ a
conclusions C. manifestations
Peahen With an eye-tracking camera and recorded its (10 ) - 104. a.
4 d.
What they found is that it is not (1051 for the males to b. observations communicatior
stand there and look good; they have to work constantly
105 . a. plenty C. enough
to keep the female 's attention . They have to remain in
b. almost d. otherwise
perpetual __{1061 - fanning out their tails, shaking their
feathers - to keep the peahen 's attention from being (107)
106. a. motion C. progress
to other things. On their own, the feathers just weren't that
compelling. b. reaction d. d irection

But what (108) the female look at when she was 107. a. drawn C. appealed
b. grabbed d. fascinated
interested? It wasn't the big eyespots at the top of the
peacock's feathers. Those ornamental markings may
108. a. did
interest humans, but they (109) less than five percent of C. if
b. had d. made
the peahen's time. 1l!.Ql, the peahen spent most of its time
looking at the lower half of the peacock's train . Researchers 109. a. put on C. showed off
admit they have no idea why. b. took up
d. saw th rough
110. a. However
C. Although
b. Somehow
d. Instead

.....
 Vocabulary Vocabulary oca u ary
111. All around us, the new technology of 3-D printing is
making useful products in _ _ ways.
a. novel
118. Too much time has been wasted analyzing the
project and we need to _ _ to work.
a. take off
I
b. latest b. make up
c. archaic c. get down
d. foremost d. see through

112. Norfolk Airport is experiencing record _ _ for 119. Scientists have _ _ the principles of photo-
retail space in its newly remodeled terminal. synthesis to develop a new way of producing
a. claim hydrogen.
b. order a. impelled
c. charge b. propelled
d. demand c. composed
d. harnessed
113. Last fall, 24 naturalists _ _ a boat bound for the
Cook Islands.
120. Dental treatments are covered so long as they do
a. boarded not _ _ $500 in one calendar year.
b. embarked a. excel
c. commenced b. outdo
d. accommodated c. exceed
d. surmount
114. Consumers can choose from our _ _ of premium
kitchen products to create countless combinations. 121 . Fitzpatrick was fortunate that he was only _ _ ,
a. flat and not fired for his lapse in judgment.
b. suite
a. alleged
c. portion
b. implied
d. segment
c. complained
d. reprimanded
115. Factory errors are not normally examined in _ _
unless the magnitude of the error is significant.
122. Two-tone Oxford-style shoes are reported to be in
a. part ___ this season.
b. detail
a. fad
c. design
b. mania
d. element
c. custom
d. fashion
116. Seats for all events at the Tate Institute are available
on a first-come, first-served _ _ .
123. A judge will review your case and _ _ a decision
a. site within 60 days.
b. post
a. depict
c. basis
b. render
d. place
C. explain
d. perform
117. Engineering graduates can expect to make an
entry-level _ _ ranging from $50,000 to $70,000
124. Purported to be a calming _ _ , purple can be an
per year.
excellent color choice for a bedroom.
a. career
a. hue
b. degree
b. cast
c. income
C. glow
d. revenue
d. tinge

Practice Tests for the ECPE Book 1 - Test 1 31

 132.
Lukaku and Baines scored their
. goal s 1essth ~
125. Over the last few decades, North American factories minutes _ to seal the victory for EYerton.ar, fiv ~
have reduced their water _ _ by nearly 70%.
a. away
a. regulation alone
b.
b. exhaustion aside
C.
c. contraction
d. apart
d. consumption
More than 200 national marketing - a r e
126. This introductory course _ _ on the basic 133.
helping to spread the word about Bento ns
, new
concepts and methods of cognitive psychology.
products.
a. directs
b. focuses a. quotas
c. pinpoints b. sectors
d. distinguishes c. affiliates
d. categories
127. Jeremy Woods will play the _ _ of Marc Anthony
A new study shows that the health of stem cells
in the upcoming Bedford Theater production of 134.
_ _ greatly upon the tissues that surround th en-i.
Shakespeare's Julius Caesar.
a. star a. results
b. role b. bases
C. show C. derives
d. debut d. depends

128. Close to 125 million tablet computers are _ _ to 135. In her speech, Chancellor Wells - - that it took
be sold this year. five years for the college to reach its first thousand
a. awaited students.
b. expected a. spoke
C. considered b. noted
d. accomplished c. talked
d. recited
129. Divers were able to _ _ a large cache of jewelry,
cutlery, and other artifacts from the sunken ship. 136. For a wireless speaker to pick up an audio _ _ , i
a. revive needs to be within range of a transmitter.
b. resume a. gesture
c. redeem b. indication
d. retrieve C. sign
d. signal
130. Many doctors showed _ _ for using non-medical
interventions as a first line of therapy. 137.
The study was_ in a zoo in Scotland, which
a. interest was home to a variety of petting animals.
b. intensity a. directed
C. confidence b. taken
d. enthusiasm c. conducted
d. guided
131. If you had _ _ your birth date, or any other
critical piece of information on your form, the 138
The violin emerged from the orchestra to bee _
system would have alerted you to the error. · .
lead instrument during the Baroque - - . ome ,
a. failed a. eon
b. evaded b. term
c. omitted c. period
d. dismissed d. duration

Practice Tests for the ECPE Book 1 - Test 1

~
139. All _ _ from our fundrai sing event will go directly 146. The morning session will provide an _ _ of
to those in need. ca mpu s facilities for all incoming freshmen.

a. costs
b. stakes
a. inquiry
b. outlook
1
c. budgets c. overview
d. proceeds d. acquaintance

140. Gustafson's model provided a new _ _ for 147 . A spirited debater, Representative Waters was
measuring a nation's economic activity. never a person afraid to speak her _ _ .

a. version a. head
b. standard b. mind
c. authority c. opinion
d. quotation d. idea

141 . In all communications between a lawyer and client, 148. You will receive notification as soon as we receive
the client's privacy is _ _ by a legal concept _ _ that a contractor wants to bid on your
known as attorney-client privilege. request.
a. endorsed a. offer
b. witnessed b. proposal
c. evidenced C. invitation
d. guaranteed d. confirmation

142. Throughout her life, O'Reilly believed that being in 149. Using a notebook to record miscellaneous
a bad mood helped _ _ her creativity. expenses can help you _ _ of deductions that
a. quicken might otherwise be lost.
b. hearten a. run up
C. respond b. figure out
d. stimulate C. check back
d. keep track
143. With _ _ , everyone realizes the situation could
have been handled better. 150. The unusually warm weather has been a boon to
a. hindsight resort operators, allowing many of them to open
b. memorial nearly one month ahead of _ _ .
C. retention a. season
d. retrospect b. calendar
C. schedule
144. Each learning module stands alone as a - - , d. timetable
requiring no prior knowledge.
a. lot
b. unit
c. total
d. piece

145. A two-tablespoon _ _ of flax seeds has nearly

three grams of protein .
a. dining
b. partition
c. portion
d. serving

Practice Tests for the ECPE Book 1 - Test 1 33

 ·n purpose of the passage?
This passage is about a famous artist. 151. What is the mai .
b ackground of a piece of art
· ethe This pas:
Painter, sculptor, and performance artist, Robert a. to giv . d·fferent art movements
lain 1
Rauschenberg was too much of an individualist to be b. to ex P amples of pop art Cafet
vide ex
c. to pro . the development of an artist's campus,
confined by any label, but he served as an important bridge
d. to describe the coL
between many of the 20th century's most important artistic work forcing
movements, including Abstract Expressionism and Pop Art.
. f]uenced Rauschenberg's cafeteri
Born in 1925, Rauschenberg discovered his talent for 152. What event in . 7
t as an artist. Wit
drawing while serving in the military. After World War 11, he developmen .
. to draw in Pans concer
briefly studied art in Paris, but growing tired of European learning .
a. . g to New York City activit
b movin
formalism he soon settled in New York City, where his . xperiencing military combat cut fa
enthusiasm for popular culture led him to search for a new c e d.
. failing in his formal art stu ies camp
d.
way of painting. Rauschenberg found his signature style goin~
by incorporating objects into his art, and building such he author describe Rauschenberg's consE
153. Why d oes t
things as shoes, nails, newspapers, and paint into three- for \JI
Monogram?
dimensional collages he called "combines:·
a. to provide an example of Rauschenberg's style and
One of Rauschenberg's most famous combines was b. to show how Rauschenberg's philosophy bern
Monogram, completed in 1959. Monogram features a evolved cher
stuffed goat, its snout covered in paint, encircled by a tire. c. to show how audiences reacted to was
The goat is standing on a painting, as if grazing in a field. This Rauschenberg's work
work shocked audiences through its radical combination of d. to demonstrate Rauschenberg's influence on
20th-century art en\
objects and images, and its symbolic depiction of a wild
caf
animal destroying a canvas.
154. How did Rauschenberg's later work differ from his tra
Later in life, Rauschenberg abandoned real objects and earlier work? inc
began working in two dimensions. A typical technique was
a. He became interested in the pop art ar,
to take magazine photographs of current events, turn them movement.
al:
into silkscreen prints, and overlay them with paint. In this b. He moved from real ObJ·ect t .
s o images m
way he was able to comment on contemporary culture, C. He started commenting ·
using the very artifacts of that culture - an idea that was things. on events instead of e:
later adopted by pop artists such as Andy Warhol. d. He began to use techno\o . ti
techniques. gically advanced r,
Central to Rauschenberg's aesthetic conception was
the desire to blur the line between art and life. Explaining
155. According to the Passa
his decision to work with found objects, Rauschenberg to Rauschenberg's aestghe, ~hat desire l
explained, "I think a painting is more like the real world if et,c Ph·1I Was cent I
a. to change popu\a d osoPhy"> ra ·
it's made out of the real world." He once said, "There is no r efin· .
b. to make creative u ttions of
reason not to consider the world as one gigantic painting:' c. to create art that se of ordina art
Rauschenberg's output testifies to his once -startling world could be l..ls ry_ Obfocts
. ed in h
assertion that everything can potentially be considered art, d. to invent a niche bet t e real
if only we say it is. performance art 'Neen p .
a,nting
anct
 Reading Reading
This passage is about college cafeterias. 156.
Cafeteria trays may soon be as obsolete on college
campuses as typewriters. That' s because universities across
the country have begun switching to trayless dining -
forcing students to carry their dishes at all-you-can-eat
cafeterias rather than put them on trays.
With rising food costs and universities increasingly
concerned about the environmental impact of their 157 .
activities, trayless dining has been helping universities
cut food waste, conserve water, and save money. Some
campuses have reported up to 50% less food waste since
going trayless. Trayless dining has also helped campuses
conserve resources by eliminating the need to heat water
for washing trays - reducing dependence on fossil fuels
and saving up to one-half gallon of water per tray. Further
benefits include decreasing the use of dishwashing
chemicals that would normally discharge into landfills and
158.
wastewater treatment facilities.
While trayless dining seems to be meeting its
environmental goals, it does require changes to how
cafeterias normally do things. Trays are convenient for
transporting dirty dishes, so trayless cafeterias need to
increase the number of waste bins and ensure that systems
are in place for collecting and scraping off dishware. Trays
also help keep dining areas clean by catching food that
159.
might otherwise be spilled on tables or fall to the floor, so
extra dining staff is needed in trayless facilities. Changes to
the food line might also be necessary so students can easily
return for seconds without causing bottlenecks.
But despite these challenges, the trayless trend is
building up momentum. To date, nearly 400 universities
have switched to trayless dining and others are running
pilot programs to test the concept. One unexpected benefit
colleges report is the opportunity it has given schools to
engage students on environmental issues. This has helped
students become receptive to the trayless concept and
other campus sustainability initiatives.
Reading
What is the main purpose of this passage?
a. to demonstrate a problem and its solution
b. to explain the ca uses and effects of a policy
c. to support a claim and evidence given to
support it
d. to describe the benefits and consequ ences of
a program
What is an implied benefit of trayless dining?
a. It motivates students to think about how
resources are used .
b. It encourages students to be more aware of
their eating habits.
c. It helps students save money on food that
might otherwise be thrown away.
d. It discourages students from taking more food
than they can eat.
What is the main focus of the second paragraph?
a. ecological benefits of trayless dining systems
b. environmental impact of normal cafeteria
activities
c. reasons why universities are switching to
trayless dining
d. how trayless dining systems help universities
save money
According to the passage, what must universities
consider when switching to trayless dining?
a. Cafeterias may be forced to cut some staff.
b. Eating facilities may need to be redesigned.
c. Waste bins may need to be emptied more
frequently.
d. Students may need to have the idea explained
to them.
160. What does the word this in the last sentence of the
last paragraph refer to?
a. the trayless concept
b. reporting from colleges
c. engagement with students
d. sustainability initiatives
~

Reading Reading !i®f4

According to the passage, what dist·tnguisn
This passage is about the Titan Arum plant.
161 .
inflorescence from other types of pla nts? E!s,~~ Re
The Titan Arum flower, Amorphophallus titanum , is a a. its size This passage is a\:
true gia nt of the pl ant kingdom . Native to the rain forests b. its smell
One of the w,
of Sumatra, it can reach more than three meters in height c. its shape
rubber duck. This
when it blooms, opening to a diameter of up to 1.5 meters. d. its blooming schedule
of lightweight rul
Technically, the Titan Arum is an inflorescence - a name icon and an ins1
given to a group of flowers clustered around a central In the second paragraph, what does th e autn around the wor\c
162.
column known as a spadix, and surrounded by a leafy mean by malodorous? or
The origins o
structure called a spathe. It is, in fact, the world's largest a. foul America, when 1
unbranched inflorescence. b. strong In order to be
c. famous would take the
The Titan Arum is best known for its putrid stench,
d. decayed would normal\,
remin iscent of rotting flesh, which is so malodorous it has
earned it the name, corpse flower. This rancid odor helps members. Toy
What role does heat play during the plant's
the plant attract pollinating flies, dung beetles, and other 163. into the filthy
blooming period? taken their tu
insects that normally feed on dead animals. The plant
a. It makes the plant's smell last longer. most popu\
flowers infrequently; it may take up to 1O years for the plant
b. It allows the pollen to travel greater distance ar
to send up a bloom, and blooms typically last three days or . , . ~rubber duck t
c. It improves the plants chance of pollination
fewer. To take advantage of its small window of opportunity, . · worldwide
d . It creates a comfortable environment for ·
the inflorescence generates heat, which allows the stench to pollinators. There ha,
travel further and attract pollinators from greater distances. with which r

In 2010, a Japanese research team completed a first 164. What is implied about the chemicals that make uthat glow ir
. \
and definitive chemical analysis of the Titan Arum's scent. t h e Titan Arum's scent? them to sw
andfamou
The main chemical associated with the Titan Arum's odor is a. They are not found in other plants.
b. They were not fully classified until 2010. Elizabeth I
dimethyl trisulfide, wh ich is among the volatile compounds
found in cooked onions, cabbage, and decaying meats. It c. They are all potentially dangerous to human~her bath rc

also contains dimethyl disulfide, a flammable chemical with d. They were re-created in a Japanese research througho
laboratory.
an unpleasant, garlic-like odor, and trimethylamene, which Arour
is the essence of rotting fish. Finishing it off is isovaleric acid, in the "'
165. What does the author imply about the Titan Aru rn estimatE
which is essentially the smell of old socks.
survival?
Two-thil
As unpleasant as this sounds, whenever the Titan a.
Interest in protecting the plant is increasing lndone ~
Arum blooms in captivity it is a major event that usually worldwide. headec
draws huge crowds. The plant needs human cheerleaders; b. Businesses are working to repair the plant's ice. Usi
with 70% of its native habitat destroyed by logging and native habitat.
C.
agribusiness, cultivation may be the only hope the species Efforts are underway to reintroduce the flowe1succes
.
into the wild.
. Benno-
has to survive.
d. The only specimens in the future rnay be Som~
grown by humans. fetch,
 Reading Reading Reading
I This passage is about rubber duck toys. 166. What is the primary purpose of this passage?

One of the world 's most popular toys is the floating a. to describe the benefits of a 19th century
invention
rubber duck. This stylized duck, usually yellow and made
b. to give a history of bath-time traditions
of lightweight rubber or vinyl plastic, has become a cultural
c. to provide an introduction to a culturally
icon and an instantly recognizable symbol of bath time
important item
around the world. d. to argue that the rubber duck has been more

The origins of the rubber duck date back to 19th-century influential than most toys

America, when regular Saturday baths first became popular.

167. What is implied about baths in 19th-century
In order to be clean for Sunday morning church, families
America?
would take their one and only bath of the week. Families
a. Young children were reluctant to take baths.
would normally go in order, from the oldest to the youngest
b. Water treatment facilities were poor.
members. Toys became a necessity for luring children
c. Limited water flowed into people's homes.
into the filthy water after all other family members had d. Most families found bathing to be an
taken their turns, and the duck soon became one of the unpleasant experience.
most popular. Developments in manufacturing allowed
rubber duck toys to be mass-produced, and the fad spread 168. According to the passage, what led to the duck fad
worldwide. spreading worldwide?
a. industrial automation
There have been countless variations on the yellow duck
b. increasing popularity of baths
with which most people are familiar. There are rubber ducks
c. representation of famous people
that glow in the dark, have mechanical engines that allow
d. growth in international commerce
:hem to swim, and novelty ducks that represent politicians
ind famous celebrities. In 2001, it was reported that Queen 169. Why is Queen Elizabeth mentioned in the third
:lizabeth has a rubber duck with a crown on its head in paragraph?
1er bathroom, leading to a brief spike in rubber duck sales a. to give an example of a variation on the basic
hroughout the British Commonwealth. duck toy
b. to underscore the modern cultural importance
Around 10,000 rubber ducks are said to be floating
of rubber duck toys
1 the world's oceans. In 1992, a Pacific storm blew an
c. to describe a toy that became popular due to
stimated 29,000 rubber bath toys off a Chinese ship.
media coverage
..vo-thirds of these toys soon washed up on the shores of d. to explain why rubber ducks are popular in the
donesia, Australia, and South America; the remaining toys
1
British Commonwealth
eaded up to Alaska, where they became slowed by Arctic
e. Using models of ocean currents, oceanographers have 170. What is implied about the rubber ducks floating in

1ccessfully predicted the ducks' migrations through the the world's oceans?

~ring Strait, past Greenland, and into the North Atlantic. a. Most of them probably originated from a

,me of the recovered toys have become collectors' items, single source.
b. They have increased the value of rubber duck
tching prices as high as $1,000.
toys worldwide.
c. Efforts have been underway to recover them
for several years.
d. They have helped oceanographers learn about
ocean currents.

~ - - •- f,-., t h <> F1, PE Book 1 - Test 1 37