Name: Jemarie C.

Cuestas Date Performed: September 17,2021

Course/Year/Major: BSDC 2 Rating : ___________

Crop Science 41
Laboratory Exercise No. 2
Major Crops of the Philippines and their Distribution

Prepared by:
Dr. Nenita B. Baldo, Prof. Cleofe T. Apiag & Ms. Jean L. Valleser

The distribution of field crops in the Philippines and throughout the world are governed by
several factors such as climate, growing season, altitude, rainfall, wind, soil, slope and other factors.
Climate is the average weather condition of a region over a period of years and the elements of weather
that governs the climate of a certain place include water or rainfall, temperature, solar radiation and air
quality. However, most of the agricultural crops grown and cropping systems used in our country are
based on the rainfall pattern per region.

Objectives
At the end of the laboratory exercise, the students are expected to:
1. Determine the type of climate of the different regions in the Philippines;
2. Determine the major commodities and specific agricultural crops grown per region; and
3. Enumerate the top export crops and the top producing regions/provinces.

Competency Skills
At the end of the laboratory exercise, the students are expected to develop the following skills:
library research, net surfing, data processing

Methodology
1. The students will conduct library research related to this exercise.
2. They may visit online libraries and gather information about this exercise);
3. Process information/data and input these in Table 1.
4. Answer some guide questions, as required.
5. Upload Data Sheets in Google platform (classwork) for laboratory class.

References
Acquaah, G. 2001. Principles of Crop Production: Theory, Techniques and Technology. Prentice Hall.
New Jersey
Aradilla, A.R. Lecture Guide in Crop Science 20. Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, College
of Agriculture, CMU.
Pava, H.M. and A.L. Abellanosa. 2003. 3rd edition. Introduction to Crop Science, CMU, Musuan,
Bukidnon.
Rimando, T.J. 2004. Lecture Syllabus in Crop Science 1: Fundamentals of Crop Science, UPLB, College
of Agriculture, Los Banos, Laguna.
Name: Jemarie C. Cuestas Date Performed: September 17,2021
Course/Year/Major: BSDC 2 Rating : ___________

Crop Science 41
Laboratory Exercise No. 2
Major Crops of the Philippines and their Distribution

DATA SHEET

1. What are the types of climate in the Philippines? List at least 3 provinces per type of climate.
There are four recognized climate types in the Philippines, and they are based on the distribution of
rainfall .They are described as follows.

Type I ● Two pronounced seasons: dry from

November to April and wet during the
rest of the year. These areas are
shielded by mountain ranges but are
open to rains brought in by Habagat and
tropical cyclones.
● Occidental MIndoro,Palawan,Negros,
Ilocos Norte

Type II ● No dry season with a pronounced

rainfall from November to January.
Regions with this climate are along or
very near the eastern coast.
● Catanduanes, Sorsogon, Eastern
Albay,Eastern Samar

Type III ● Seasons are not very pronounced,

relatively dry from November to April,
and wet during the rest of the year.
These areas are partly sheltered from
tradewinds but are open to Habagat and
are frequented by tropical cyclones.
● Cagayan,Isabela, most of Eastern
Palawan and some parts of Northern
Mindanao

Type IV ● Rainfall is more or less evenly

distributed throughout the year.
● Batanes, Northern Cebu, Bohol,West of
Camarines Sur,Albay,Southern
Mindanao

2. What type of climate is ideal for planting agricultural crops? Why?

 In agricultural ecosystems, drought has a detrimental effect on crop production, affecting the
growth rate and development of the economically important portions of the plant, such as fruits, grains
and leaves. Without irrigation, production in crops such as coffee can be reduced by as much as 80% in
dry years.The tragic effect on productivity is explained by the vital importance of water in living cells,
which affects all biochemical and metabolic processes. Water is required for processes such as
germination, cell division and elongation for the promotion of plant growth in height and width and
metabolic activities, such as the synthesis of organic compounds, photosynthesis, respiration and a
number of other physiological and biochemical processes. Thus, when water availability decreases,
changes occur in all molecular, biochemical, physiological and morphological aspects of plants (Silva E.
etal., 2013). In connection with this, in my own perspective the ideal type of climate for planting
agricultural crops is Type II with no dry season with a pronounced rainfall from November to January.
Although the Philippines have an irrigation system this will not surpass the needs of every farmer. It
would be favorable to farmers if they have an abundant supply of water. But there's always a
disadvantage to everything. Rain itself is better but rain with wind is not since one of the contributors of
low profit income for farmers is typhoons.

3. Enumerate the top five export crops and the top producing provinces
Top five export crops Top producing provinces

1. Coconut Davao Region was the top coconut producer

with 455.45 thousand metric tons output or
13.8 percent of the total coconut production.
This was followed by Northern Mindanao and
Zamboanga Peninsula with 13.3 and 12.7
percent shares, respectively.

2. Banana Davao Region recorded the highest share of

38.9 percent of total banana production,
followed by Northern Mindanao and
SOCCSKSARGEN with 19.0 percent and 12.2
percent , respectively.

3. Sugar Cane Western Visayas was still the top producer of

sugarcane with 3.24 million metric tons
output or 46.9 percent share of the total
sugarcane production. This was followed by
Northern Mindanao and Central Visayas with
respective shares of 20.4 percent and 13.8
percent.

4. Cassava Northern Mindanao registered the highest

production of 258.03 thousand metric tons ,
representing 37.3 percent of the total output
this quarter. The other major producing
regions were Autonomous Region in Muslim
Mindanao (ARMM) with 32.0 percent share
and Cagayan Valley with 7.0 percent share .
 5. Pineapple Northern Mindanao remained the leading
pineapple producer with 362.00 thousand
metric tons, which contributed 48.6 percent
of the total production this quarter. It was
followed by SOCCSKARGEN with 187.71
thousand metric tons or 25.2 percent share.

4. Major crops grown per region/province in the Philippines.

Major Crops Grown

Region Province
Field Crops Vegetables Fruits Others
(specify)

CAR (1)Benguet (2)Tabacco, (3) (1)Lettuce,Bro (2)Banana,

(Cordillera (2)Abra Cassava, (4) ccoli,Cauliflow (3)Banana,
Administrativ (3) Apayao Coffee, (5) er,Carrots,Pot (4)Banana,
e (4)Ifugao Sugarcane atoes,Cabbage (5)Banana
Region)
(5)Kalinga , (2)Squash,
(3)Squash,

NCR Coconut, Rice, Pineapple,Banana Black Pepper

(National Abaca,Cacao,R
Capital ubber
Region)
NO PROVINCES NO DATA
FOUND

(1)Ilocos Sur (1) Tabacco (4) Mango (2) Garlic,

Region 1 (2)Ilocos Norte Union and
NO DATA
(Ilocos (3)La Union Pepper (3)
Region) (4)Pangasinan FOUND Peanuts

(1) Isabela (1) Rice (1) Banana

Region 2 (2) Quirino (2) Corn (2) Banana
(Cagayan (3) Nueva (3) (3) Pineapple
Valley) Vizcaya NO DATA
FOUND

(1) Nueva (1) Rice (1) Eggpla (1) Banana

Region 3 Ecija (2) Sugarc nt (2) Mango
(Central (2) Pampan ane (2) Eggpla (3) Mango
Luzon) ga nt
(3) Zambale
s

1. Batanga 1. Sugarc 1. Mandarin

Region 4 s ane 2. Banana
Region 4A 2. Quezon 2. Cocon 3. Pineapple
(Calabarzon) 3. Cavite ut
Region 4B 1. Cooking
1. Occidental 1. Cassava NO DATA Banana(saba) 1. Peanut
(Mimaropa)
Mindoro FOUND s,
2. cashe
w nuts,
ginger,
onion,
orchid

1. Camari 1. Rice 1. Pine

Region 5 nes Sur 2. Abaca appl
(Bicol Region) 2. Catand 3. Cocon NO DATA e
FOUND
uanes ut 2. Pine
3. Sorsogo appl
n e
3. Bana
na
Region 6 1. Negros 1. Sugarc 1. Bana Calamansi
(Western Occiden ane na
Visayas) tal 2. Cocon 2. Man
2. Antique ut go
3. Ilo-ilo 3. Cocon 3. Pine
ut appl
e

Region 7 1. Cebu 1. Cocon 1. Malun 1. Man

(Central 2. Bohol ut ggay go
Visayas) 3. Siquijor 2. Cacao 2. Bana
3. Cocon na
ut 3. Papa
ya

Region 8 1. Samar 1. Cocon NO DATA 1. Bana

(Eastern 2. Biliran ut FOUND na
Visayas) 3. Eastern 2. Cocon 2. Bana
Samar ut na
3. Cocon 3. Bana
ut na

Region 9 1. Zamboa 1. Cocon NO DATA 1. Bana Calamansi,

(Western nga Del ut FOUND na Rubber,
Mindanao) Norte 2. Cocon 2. Bana Lemon
2. Zamboa ut na
nga Del 3. Cocon 3. Bana
Sur ut na
3. Zamboa
nga
Sibugay

Region 10 1. Bukidn 1. Sugarc 1. Carrot 1. Pine

(Northern on ane s appl
Mindanao) 2. Misami 2. Cocon e
s ut 2. Man
Occiden go
tal
3. Misami
s 3. Papa
Orienta
 l 3. Cassav ya
a

Region 11 1. Davao 1. Corn NO DATA 1. Man

(Southern Del Sur 2. Cocon FOUND go
Mindanao) 2. Davao ut 2. Cave
Del 3. Coffee ndis
Norte h
3. Davao Bana
Orienta na
l 3. Bana
na

Region 12 1. Sultan 1. Rice NO DATA 1. Bana Rubber, Ipil-

(Central Kudarat 2. Cocon FOUND na Ipil
Mindanao) 2. Cotabat ut 2. Bana
o 3. Cocon na
3. Saranga ut 3. Bana
ni na

Region 13 1. Agusan 1. Palm NO DATA 1. Man

(Caraga) Del Oil FOUND go
Norte 2. Coffee
2. Surigao 3. Cocon
Del Sur ut
3. Dinagat
Island

1. Maguin 1. Sugarc NO DATA 1. Man

BARMM danao ane FOUND go
2. Sulu 2. Cocon
3. Tawi- ut
tawi 3. Corn

5. What is the newest region or the 18th region of the Philippines? Enumerate the provinces that
comprise this region.
According to Humanitarian Response, Negros Island Region is the 18th and newest
region of the Philippines, created on 29 May 2015. It comprises the urbanized city of Bacolod and the
provinces of Negros Occidental and Negros Oriental, along with outlying islands and islets. The island is
the fourth largest in the country with a total land area of 13,309.60 square kilometres.
6. What does each of the listed acronyms of some regions in the Philippines stand for?

a. Calabarzon - Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, and Quezon

b. Mimaropa - Occidental Mindoro, Oriental Mindoro, Marinduque, Romblon, and Palawan

c. Caraga -According to NNC Caraga Region, The word Caraga originated from the Visayan
word “Kalagan”: “Kalag” meaning soul or people and “An” meaning land. The “Kalagans'' has
a long history of being brave and fearless. Thus, the region was called by early chroniclers as
the “Land of the Brave and Fierce People”.

d. Soccsksargen - South Cotabato, Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, Sarangani and General Santos