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    11 views7 pages

    FTIR

    Uploaded by

    nagesh yedake

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf
    of 7
    f FT-IR Intoduction + Fourier Transfosm InfraRed Spechometers avt used as a veplacement to the Ospersive InfaRed Spectometer due ww their Superior speed and Sensitivity. the name FTIR is derived trom wosd “Fourie tran Sform | which iS a Mathe matical conversion in @hich time domain function i-€ f (4) fs Conveated into frequency domain ve f(v)- In FTIR Spechos copy, Instead of viewing. eath frequency component sequentially as in a dispersive, IR spectrometer, ail frequencies are exomined simubaneousy, BEET FTIR instuement uses micheldou interferometer , interfesometes divides adiant beam Mp equal mtensihy DEams gonesar® optical pan differen ue bet teo beams whith apreed again selombmes in osder fo produce interference signals Cmspuche interference L beams. (YINAA CE ae bem, PRO wean. KP PP Reston, AAraAty Repl -— No we destuche mbenerence Fle rib Sloat : i Sample. fg | Cat omer Fourter transforma [er ey 4 bycaleulakon | ( oe using computer | iw vibvate, fs —————_____-» Moving mor position TR spechum afer Wadennbon Figs Schematidiagram of. Inshuemeutahon of FT-IR spectsometer: i} “g the basic component of FIZR is as Shown in fig: * Prindple s- The sadiation emerging from the Source is passed through an intesferonesey te the sample before seacking a detector. Then the Signal is amplified and converted 10 digital form by an analog-4o digital Converter and transfesed to the Computer in which Founer Trangfosm is cared outs & ER Spectum 15 obtained x function of Interformees = {nterfermeves divides vadiont beam into dwo equal intensihy beam & genevaten optical path difference. behveen the two beams and then vecombines them in oxder to produce vepehtve interference, signals optical measured as a Amctine of ‘path diffexence by, detector Thus inteyfesometoy produces interference, signals, which Contain infrared spectral infosmaton generated attey passing through a Sample. Thus hese path difference _cPeides , intengity of yadiation | decides Wavenumbes (freg.) ie path difference decides . iravenumber (feq:) & Deseription of thtevfeymeten’ <— The most commonty used interferometer fs a Michelson interferometer Tt Consists of three achve components ¢ a moving mivo¥ , a fixed mvy and a beam splittes (see fq) € The poo mivars are pespendiculay to ach other The beam Splitter is a Semi-veHecting device and bisects the plane of these hoo minyoos- The beam splitter is often made by coating a thin Film of Germanium oy fron orcide, onto an infrared: transi) SubStrate Such as Key oF (st. Beam Splitter Splits the beam in hoo parts one past is transmitted 40 a roving mmr ® anotney pat is reflected to fxed mira. The moving minor moves back and front at 4 constant Velocity. The fo beams ave reflected from Me minnrrs and secombined at the beam Splitter. The beam from moving mivoy has travelled a different distance. than the beam tom &xed minny . When the beams ast Combined an interference pattern is created - Since Some of the wavelengths recombine constuchvely ® some deshrichvehy. i+ Wee tedeotirvene peitiecn weaned a gives specific signal beam tt is passed through sample , wher Some enegy is absorbed and some 18 transmitted - the Arangmithed pox HOM yoathes fo the detector . the detect seads Information about evens wavelengpr in the ‘nfraved range Simultaneously, The moving mirvov prrduces an ophical path difference between jhe two ame of the intesferometes tf the two minors axe At equal distance From the beam Splitter) the oo beams travel the same Path length, Therefore hoo beams ane totally in phase with each other and hence they \nterferé conspuchvery and lead to a Manimum intensity seaching 1 he detechy , whem the moving mivtor travels in either direction by she distance 4 the optical path is changed by 204) or Re» The Awe beams are 180° ouk of phase with each otnes, and thus interferes destuctvely Tesuthag minimum mmbensisy seaching, the detecy. tf me moving mirror Fuvther travels by % then the optical path difference wi!) be 2 (% )ov x The two beams again in phase with each other and result io another conshuche invesference again FMng Maximum seponse de (n Pre detectors Suth a maximum wil) be observed Whenever pam difference is an integral mulkple of Whenthe mirror (5 moved at a constanb Velocity ,the mbensity of yadiation veathing the detector vavies in Sinusoidal mannes fo prduce the intenfewogy am output as Shown in BE The interfewgram is a Complex signal but ills wavelike pattern Contains all tne frequencies Jhat make up the TR 6pectum . Tb is achrally time domain spectum and wetords the detector veSponse Changes Vs ime. =f the Sample absorbs at this Aequency, tre amplitude of tne Sinusoidal wave iS duced by an amount pmpoxtonal 4D i the amount of Sample ia the beam Now fe obtain the Infra-Red spectrum, the is cent te the own as Founer Twansfosmation detector signal Computes, Oheve mathemat cal operahion ken Converts the inkerferogram 4D tHe Fira) IR spectum - > Hands on operation of an FITR spectometer & Step i % First Step is the Sample preparation step & : ‘the a” srep is to obtain an imerferoqram of ine background which consist of TR alive atmos phen c gases (x oz Hy0 vague) This tnterferogyom 15 Subjected to Fouier Transfosm Whith qyves me specbum oF back ground , Step 2 + Th aid step spechum of te Sample Unde Muestigation is obtained by the same procedux This spectun contains absosption bands from tne sample as well as the background. tana te somple roe) Sep 4% The vaho between the Singie—beam sample spectum APd the Single beam background spechum qves The Spechum of the Sample Computer Sofware Automahcaliy Substracts the spectum of the background fom the

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