MATHEMATICS IN

THE MODERN WORLD

GE2 / Mrs. Imelda M. Ballecer
 In a series of numbers involving the basic operations in Arithmetic, the
following give the order of performing the operations:

First, raising to powers and extracting of roots.

Second, perform multiplication and division in order of occurrence.

Third, perform addition and subtraction by any order.

In the presence of parenthesis, quantities within this symbol are to be

performed first.
Examples:
2 2
𝑎. 52 • 9−3 ÷ 7+8÷4 𝑏. − −4 ÷ 8 • 5 − 18 ÷ −3
= (25 • 3 - 3) ÷ (7 + 2) = –16 ÷ 8 • 5 – 18 ÷ 9
= (75- 3) ÷ 9 = –16 ÷ 8 • 5 + (–2)
= 72 ÷ 9 = –2 • 5 –2
= 8 = –10 –2
= - 12
Examples:
𝑐. −81 ÷ 3 −3 𝑑. −92 ÷ −3 9 − 58 ÷ 2
= – 81 ÷ (-3) 3 – 29
= -81 ÷ (-9)
= 27 (3)– 29
= 9
= 81 – 29

= 52
Exercises: Perform the indicated operations.
𝑎. −4 2 ÷ 4 − 3(−2)
𝑏. −52 ÷ 5 • 32 − 49
2 3
𝑐. − −6 − −64 − 2 ÷ −42 − 12
Answers:
2
𝑎. −4 ÷ 4 − 3(−2) 𝑏. −52 ÷ 5 • 32 − 49
= (16) ÷ 4 - (-6) = -25 ÷ 5 • 9 - 7

= -5 • 9 - 7
= 4+6
= -45 - 7

= 10
= -52
Answers:
2 3
𝑐. − −6 − −64 − 2 ÷ −42 − 12

= [-(36) - (-4) -2] ÷ [-16 - 1]

= [-36 + 4 - 2] ÷ [-17]
= [-32 - 2] ÷ [-17]

= [-34] ÷ [-17]

= 2
 - It is the system used to communicate mathematical ideas. It is more
precise that any other language one may think of.
- It has its own grammar. It uses numbers, letters and symbols.

𝒏
The quotient of n and 3 𝟑

Four less than x 𝒙−𝟒

x multiplied by 22 𝟐𝟐𝒙
 - It is the system used to communicate mathematical ideas. It is more
precise that any other language one may think of.
- It has its own grammar. It uses numbers, letters and symbols.

Two less than the total of a number and five 𝒏+𝟓−𝟐

(𝒏 + 𝟓)
The difference between x and y multiplied by 3 𝟑(𝒙 − 𝒚)
Exercise:
Translate each phrase into mathematical sentence.

1. Six less than twice a number x 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟔

2. Five times the sum of y and 4 𝟓(𝒚 + 𝟒)

3. The sum of two numbers 𝒙+𝒚
𝟕
4. The quotient of seven and a number less two
𝒙−𝟐
5. The difference of k and 6 divided by 9 𝒌−𝟔
𝟗
6. Four times the sum of twelve and y 𝟒 𝟏𝟐 + 𝟕𝒚 𝒐𝒓 𝟒(𝒚 + 𝟏𝟐)
 - consist of terms, the term is separated from other terms with either
plus or minus signs. A single term may consist an expression in parentheses or
other grouping symbols.
 - consist of terms, the term is separated from other terms with either
plus or minus signs. A single term may consist an expression in parentheses or
other grouping symbols.
 - is a statement that the two expressions are equal.

𝟐𝒙 + 𝟓 = 𝟐𝟏 𝟒 𝒙 + 𝟔 − 𝟏𝟏 = 𝟐𝟓
2x + 5 – 5 = 21 – 5 4x + 24 – 11 = 25
2x = 16 4x + 13 = 25
2 2
4x = 25 – 13
x = 8 4x = 12
4 4
x = 3
 - is a statement that the two expressions are equal.

𝟐 𝒙 + 𝟓 − 𝟕 = 𝟑(𝒙 − 𝟐) 𝟐 𝒙 + 𝟓 − 𝟕 = 𝟑(𝒙 − 𝟐)

2x + 10 - 7 = 3x - 6 2(9 + 5) - 7 = 3(9 – 2)
2x - 3x = - 6 - 10 + 7 2(14) - 7 = 3(7)
-x = - 9 28 - 7 = 21
-1 -1 21 = 21
x = 9
Seatwork:
𝟏) 𝟐 𝒙 − 𝟏 + 𝒙 = 𝟓 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑 − 𝟐(𝒙 + 𝟑)
𝟏𝟐𝒙 𝟏𝟐(𝒙−𝟑)
2) 𝟐𝒙 + + = 𝟏𝟐𝒙
𝟏𝟐 𝟔

𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑 𝒙 + 𝟑
𝟑) =
𝟒 𝟑