Transmission Lines and Waveguides

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VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur – 603 203
DEPARTMENT OF
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
QUESTION BANK
V SEMESTER
EC6503 – TRANSMISSION LINES AND WAVEGUIDES
Regulation – 2013
Academic Year 2017 – 18
Prepared by
Ms. N. Subhashini, Assistant Professor/ECE
Ms. K. Arthi, Assistant Professor/ECE
Mr. A.G. Muralikrishna, Assistant Professor/ECE
www.vidyarthiplus.com
VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur – 603 203.
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
QUESTION BANK
SUBJECT : EC6503 TRANSMISSION LINES AND WAVEGUIDES

SEM / YEAR: V/ III Year B.E.
UNIT I -TRANSMISSION LINE THEORY
General theory of Transmission lines - the transmission line - general solution - The infinite line -
Wavelength, velocity of propagation - Waveform distortion - the distortion-less line - Loading and
different methods of loading - Line not terminated in Z0 - Reflection coefficient - calculation of current,
voltage, power delivered and efficiency of transmission - Input and transfer impedance - Open and
short circuited lines - reflection factor and reflection loss.
PART A
Q.No Questions BT Competence
Level
1. What is meant by distortion less line? BTL 1 Remembering
2. Relate the characteristic impedance and propagation constant BTL 1 Remembering
of a transmission line.
3. State properties of infinite line? BTL 1 Remembering
4. Write about the importance of characteristic impedance in BTL 1 Remembering
transmission line.
5. Define reflection loss. BTL 1 Remembering
6. Outline the need for loading of a line and give different types BTL 1 Remembering
of loading.
7. Review the expressions for the phase constant and velocity BTL 2 Understanding
of propagation for telephone cable.
8. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of co-axial cable BTL 2 Understanding
and open wire transmission line.
9. Summarize the methods to avoid waveform distortion in a BTL 2 Understanding
transmission line.
10. Give the general equation for the input impedance of a BTL 2 Understanding
dissipation line.
11. Calculate the standing wave ratio if the reflection co- BTL 3 Applying
efficient of a line is 0.3  -660
12. Illustrate how practical lines made appear as infinite lines? BTL 3 Applying
13. Sketch the equivalent circuit of a unit length of transmission BTL 3 Applying
line.
14. Analyze the expression for reflection co efficient. BTL 4 Analyzing
15. Point out the relation between characteristic impedance and BTL 4 Analyzing
primary constants of a transmission line.
16. Explain the definition of reflection factor and give its BTL 4 Analyzing
mathematical expression.
17. Prove that 1 Neper = 8.686 decibel. BTL 5 Evaluating
18. Estimate the reflection coefficient of a 50 Ω transmission line BTL 5 Evaluating
when it is terminated by a load impedance of 60+j40Ω.
19. Formulate the equation to find resistance for direct current in BTL 6 Creating
open wire.
20. Depict Campbell’s formula for a uniformly loaded line. BTL 6 Creating
PART –B
1. (i) Describe the general transmission line equation (8) BTL 1 Remembering
for the voltage and current at any point on a
transmission line.
(ii) Illustrate Delay or phase distortion (5)

2. (i) Summarize the expression for the attenuation and (7) BTL 1 Remembering
propagation constant of transmission line in
constant R, L, G and C.
(ii) State and explain camp bells equation for the (6)
loading cables.
3. (i) Discuss in detail about inductance loading of (7) BTL 1 Remembering
telephone cables and derive the attenuation
constant, phase constant and velocity of signal
transmission for the uniformly loaded cable.
(ii) Enumerate in detail about the reflection on a line (6)

not terminated in its characteristic impedance.
4. (i) Discuss the types of loading of lines. (7) BTL 1 Remembering
(ii) Write a short note on reflection factor and reflection (6)

loss and give expressions.
5. (i) Elaborately write about the waveform distortion (7) BTL 2 Understanding
and also derive the waveform distortion and also
derive the condition for distortion less line.
(ii) Derive the expression for open and short circuited (6)
impedance.
6. (i) Derive the conditions (α, β) required for a (7) BTL 2 Understanding
distortion less line.
(ii) A distortion less transmission line has attenuation

constant α=1.15×10-2Np/m and capacitance of (6)
0.01nF/m. the characteristic resistance L/C=50Ω
find the resistance, inductance and conductance
per more of the line.
7. (i) A transmission line has the following per unit (6) BTL 2 Understanding
length parameters: L = 0.1μH, R =5 Ω, C = 300
pF and G = 0.01 mho. Calculate the Propagation
constant and characteristic impedance at 500
MHz.
(ii) A telephone cable 64Km long has a resistance of (7)
13Ω/Km and a capacitance of 0.008
µF/Km.calculate the attenuation constant,
velocity and wavelength of the line at 1000Hz.
8. (i) A generator of 1V, 1 kHz frequency, supplies (9) BTL 3 Applying
power to a 100km open wire line terminated in
200 Ω resistance. The line parameter are R=
10.4Ω/km, L=0.00367H/km, G=0.8×10-6
mho/km. C=0.00835μF/km, Z0=692  -120,
γ=.0363  78o.Calculate the reflection coefficient,
Input impedance (Zs), Power and Transmission
efficiency.
(ii) (4)
Draw and explain the reflection loss due to
mismatch between source and load impedances.
9. (i) The characteristic impedance of a uniform (7) BTL 3 Applying
transmission line is 2309.6 Ω at a frequency of
800MHz.at this frequency, the propagation
constant is 0.054(0.0366+j0.99). Solve R and L.
(ii) Illustrate the Zo and in terms of primary (6)

constants.
10. (i) Examine the L-type equivalent circuit model of a (7) BTL 4 Analyzing
two conductor transmission line and derive the
transmission line equations.
(ii) Characterize the behavior of attenuation and (6)

phase constant of an infinite line.
11. (i) Analyze the expressions for short circuited and (6) BTL 4 Analyzing
open circuited impedance.
(ii) Explain the propagation constant of continuously (7)

loaded cable.
12. (i) Explore the performance of a transmission line (7) BTL 4 Analyzing
with insertion of line and calculate insertion loss
in nepers.
(ii) Illustrate in detail about input impedance and

transfer impedance of transmission lines. (6)
13. (i) Summarize how an infinite line equal to finite line (7) BTL 5 Evaluating
terminated in its characteristic impedance.
(ii) A 2 meter long transmission line with

characteristic impedance of 60+j40 is operating at (6)
𝜔=106 rad/sec has attenuation constant of 0.921
Np/m and phase shift constant of 0 rad/m if the
line is terminated by a load of 20+j50,find the
input impedance of this line.
14. (i) The characteristics impedance of a 805meter long (6) BTL 6 Creating
transmission line is 94  -23.2⁰Ω, the attenuation
constant is 74.5×10ˉ⁶ Np/m. and the phase shift
constant is 174×10ˉ⁶ rad/m at 5KHz calculate the
line parameters R,L,G and C per meter and the
phase velocity on the line.
(ii) The constants of a transmission line are R=6

(7)
Ω/km, L=2.2 mH/km, C=0.005×10ˉ⁶F/km and
G=0.25×10ˉ⁶ mho/km. Calculate at the frequency
of 1kHz.
(a) The terminating impedance for which no
reflection will be setup in the line.
(b) The attenuation in dB suffered by 1 kHz, while
travelling a distance of 100 km when the line is
properly terminated and the phase velocity with
which the signal would travel.
PART – C
1. A communication line has L=3.67mH/Km, G=0.08*10- (15) BTL 5 Evaluating
6 mhos/Km, C=0.0083μF/Km and R=10.4Ω/Km.
Determine the characteristic impedance, propagation

constant, phase constant, velocity of propagation,
sending end current and receiving end current for given
frequency f=1000Hz ,sending end voltage is 1 volt and
transmission line length is 100 kilometers.
2. A 300m long line has the following constants (15) BTL 5 Evaluating
R=4.5kW, L=0.15 mH, G=60 mho and C=12 nF.
operating frequency f=6MHz.find propagation
constant, characteristic impedance and velocity of
propagation.
3. (i) Derive the condition for minimum attenuation in (8) BTL 6 Creating
a distortion less line.
(7)
(ii) Formulate Open and short circuit impedance in a
symmetrical π network.
4. (i) Develop and derive the relation between primary (8) BTL 6 Creating
constants and secondary constants.
(ii) Determine the characteristic impedance of the T (7)

network for given values as follows. Verify
characteristic impedance with the help of open
circuit and short circuit impedance.Z1/2=100Ω
and Z2=400Ω.
UNIT II - HIGH FREQUENCY TRANSMISSION LINES
Transmission line equations at radio frequencies - Line of Zero dissipation - Voltage and current on the
- Input impedance of the dissipation-less line - Open and short circuited lines - Power and impedance
measurement on lines - Reflection losses - Measurement of VSWR and wavelength.
PART A

Level
1. Outline the assumptions to simplify the analysis of line BTL 1 Remembering
performance at high frequencies?
2. Identify the method to analyze the performance of the line at BTL 1 Remembering
radio frequency.
3. Quote the values of SWR for open circuit, short circuits and BTL 1 Remembering
matched line.
4. List the properties of an infinite line. BTL 1 Remembering
5. Define nodes and antinodes on a line. BTL 1 Remembering
6. Outline the nature and value of Z0 for the dissipation less line? BTL 1 Remembering
7. Compute the relation between standing wave ratio and BTL 2 Understanding
magnitude of reflection co efficient.
8. Express SWR in terms of reflection coefficient. BTL 2 Understanding
9. Write the expression for standing wave ratio in terms of BTL 2 Understanding
reflection co-efficient.
10. Express the minimum values and maximum values of SWR BTL 2 Understanding
and reflection coefficient.
11. Show the nature of input impedance of open circuit and short BTL 3 Applying
circuit dissipation less lines of different wavelengths.
12. Solve the terminating load for a certain R.F transmission line BTL 3 Applying
which has the characteristic impedance of the line 1200 Ω and
the reflection co-efficient was observed to be 0.2.
13. Categories the transmission lines available for RF signal BTL 3 Applying
transmission.
14. Explain the following assumptions of open wire at radio BTL 4 Analyzing
frequencies.
15. Analyze the line with zero dissipation and find the values of BTL 4 Analyzing
attenuation constant and characteristic impedance?
16. Examine the skin effect in co axial cable. BTL 4 Analyzing
17. Measure the VSWR and reflection co efficient of a perfectly BTL 5 Evaluating
matched line with no reflection from load.
18. A lossless transmission has a shunt capacitance of 100 pF/m BTL 5 Evaluating
and a series inductance of 4μH/m. evaluate the characteristic
impedance.
19. Formulate the expression for the ratio of power delivered to BTL 6 Creating
the load.
20. Determine the values of VSWR in the case of (a) ZR = 0 and BTL 6 Creating
(b) Z R = Z0
PART B
1. (i) Derive the expressions for voltage and current (7) BTL 1 Remembering
at any point on the radio frequency line
terminated in ZR. Obtain the expressions for the
same for different receiving end conditions.
Support with the graph of voltage and current on
a line for all conditions.
(ii) (6)
Enumerate about the power and impedance
measurement on lines.
2. (i) Brief notes on Standing waves, nodes, standing (7) BTL 1 Remembering
wave ratio also make relation between the
standing wave ratio S and the magnitude of the
reflection coefficient.
(ii) (6)
State the condition for the open wire line at high
frequencies and derive the parameters.
3. (i) Review the parameters of open wire line and co (7) BTL 1 Remembering
axial at RF. Mention the standard assumptions
made for radio frequency line. Give condition for
dissipation less.
(ii) Enumerate the Line constants for zero (6)

dissipation.
4. (i) Discuss the reflection coefficient of different (7) BTL 1 Remembering
transmission lines.
(ii) An ideal loss less quarter wave (s=ƛ/4)

transmission line of characteristics impedance (6)
60Ω is terminated in a load impedance ZR. What
is value of the input impedance of the line when
ZR=0, ∞ and 60Ω.
5. (i) Compare the features of open wire and co axial (7) BTL 2 Understanding
cable at high frequencies.
(ii) Explain in detail about the variation of input

impedance along open and short circuit lines (6)
with relevant graphs.
6. (i) Interpret the various parameters of open wire and (7) BTL 2 Understanding
co axial lines at radio frequency.
(ii) Discuss in detail about Standing wave ratio. (6)

7. (i) Derive the line constants of a zero dissipation (7) BTL 2 Understanding
less line.
(6)
(ii) Sketch the voltages and currents on dissipation
less line for the conditions given below.
(a) Open circuit
(b) Short circuit
(c) Rr =R0
8. (i) The VSWR measured on UHF transmission line (7) BTL 3 Applying
at a frequency of 300MHz found to be 2.if the
distance between load and voltage minimum is
0.8m, solve the normalized load impedance.
(ii) A lossless transmission line with Z0 = 75 Ω and (6)

of electrical length l = 0.3λ is terminated with
load impedance of Z R = (40+j20) Ω.Determine
the reflection coefficient at load, SWR of line
,input impedance of the line.
9. (i) A low loss transmission line of 100Ω (7) BTL 3 Applying
characteristic impedance is connected to a load
of 200Ω.calculate the voltage reflection
coefficient and the standing wave ratio.
(ii) Calculate standing wave ratio and reflection (6)

coefficient on a line having Z0 =300 Ω and
terminated in ZR=300+j400 Ω.
10. (i) A lossless line in air having a characteristic (7) BTL 4 Analyzing
impedance of 300 Ω is terminated in unknown
impedance. The first voltage minimum is located
at 15cm from the load. The standing wave ratio
is 3.3.calculate the wavelength and terminated
impedance.
(ii) An antenna as a load on a transmission line (6)

produces a standing wave ratio of 2.8 with a
voltage minimum 0.12λ from the antenna
terminals. Calculate the antenna impedance,
reflection factor and reflection loss at the
antenna if R0=300 Ω for the line.
11. (i) Express the mathematical expressions for the (8) BTL 4 Analyzing
input impedance of the dissipation less line.
Deduce the input impedance of open and short
circuited dissipation less line.
(ii) Discuss about Reflection losses on the

unmatched line. (5)
12. (i) Analyze the voltage and currents at any point on (7) BTL 4 Analyzing
the dissipation less line along with incident and
reflected voltage wave phasor diagrams which
should satisfy the conditions such as open
circuit, short circuit, RR=R0.
(ii) Explore the standing waves with neat diagram. (6)

13. (i) Summarize the relation between standing wave (6) BTL 5 Evaluating
ratio (S) and magnitude of relation co – efficient.
(ii) A line with zero dissipation has R=0.006 Ω / m,
C=4.45/ m, L=2.5 µH / m ,If the line is operated (7)
at 10MHz find R0 , α,β,λ, v. (7)
14. (i) Formulate the expression that permit easy (7) BTL 6 Creating
measurement of power flow on a line of
negligible losses.
(ii) Assume α=0 then find the Max and Min input
impedance(Resistive) of the dissipation less line (6)
with phasor form and also derive input
impedance of open and short circuited lines.
PART C
1. Formulate the Standing wave pattern for open and short (15) BTL 5 Evaluating
circuited load for the following cases:
(a) Long line open circuited at the receiving end.
(b) Long line short circuited at the receiving end.
2. (i) A lossless transmission line in air has a (8) BTL 5 Evaluating

characteristic impedance of 300 Ω and is
terminated by an unknown impedance. When the
frequency is 200MHz, the standing wave ratio is
4.48 and first voltage minima are situated at 6cm
from the load. Evaluate the complex reflection
coefficient Terminating impedance of the line .
(7)
(ii) Describe an experimental setup for the
determination of VSWR of an RF transmission.
3. (i) A certain low loss line has a characteristic (8) BTL 6 Creating
impedance of 400Ω.estimate the standing wave
ratio with the following receiving end impedance.
ZR=70+ j0.0Ω
ZR=800+j0.0Ω
ZR=660+j475Ω
(ii) Conclude why a quarter wave line is considered as (7)

an impedance inverter.
4. (i) An UHF transmission line of Z O=75  00 is (8) BTL 6 Creating
terminated at an unknown load. The VSWR
measured in the line is 3 and the position of current
maxima nearest to the load is one the fifth
wavelength. Evaluate the value of the load
impedance.
(ii) Deduce an expression for the input impedance of a (7)

dissipation less line and also find the input
impedance is maximum and minimum at a distance
‘S’.
UNIT III - IMPEDANCE MATCHING IN HIGH FREQUENCY LINES
Impedance matching: Quarter wave transformer - Impedance matching by stubs - Single stub and double
stub matching - Smith chart - Solutions of problems using Smith chart - Single and double stub matching
using Smith chart.
PART A
BT
Q.No Questions Competence
Level
1. Express standing wave ratio in terms of reflection BTL 1 Remembering

coefficient.
2. List the application of a quarter wave line. BTL 1 Remembering
3. What is the procedure to find the impedance from the given BTL 1 Remembering
admittance using smith chart.
4. Calculate the standing wave ratio if the reflection co- BTL 1 Remembering
efficient of a line is 0.3 -66.
5. Give the minimum and maximum value of SWR and BTL 1 Remembering
6. Why is the Quarter wave line called as copper insulator? BTL 1 Remembering
7. Compare single stub matching and double stub matching. BTL 2 Understanding
8. A 50  line is terminated in load ZR = 90 + j60. Show the BTL 2 Understanding

9. Show the VSWR and reflection coefficient of a perfectly BTL 2 Understanding
matched line with no reflection from load?
10. A 75 lossless transmission line is to be matched to a BTL 2 Understanding
resistive load impedance of ZL =100 via a quarter wave
section. Find the characteristic impedance of the quarter
wave transformer
11. Illustrate how the standing waves exist on transmission BTL 3 Applying
lines.
12. How would you use smith chart for various applications? BTL 3 Applying
13. Why short circuited stub is preferred to open circuited stub? BTL 3 Applying
14. Examine the applications of Half - wave matching line? BTL 4 Analyzing
15. Mention the advantages of double stub matching over single BTL 4 Analyzing
stub matching?
16. Can you identify the need for stub matching in transmission BTL 4 Analyzing
lines?
17. Determine why it is essential to have impedance matching. BTL 5 Evaluating
18. A lossless line has a characteristic impedance of 400. BTL 5 Evaluating

Determine the standing wave ratio if the receiving end
impedance is 800+j0
19. Formulate the position and length of a stub connected to a BTL 6 Creating
transmission line.
20. A 50 co-axial cable feeds a 75+j20 dipole antenna. BTL 6 Creating
Estimate reflection coefficient and standing wave ratio.
PART –B
1. (i) Show the technique of double stub matching (7) BTL 1 Remembering
with neat diagram.
(ii) A lossless line with ZO =70 is terminated

(6)
with ZR =115-80j. Wavelength of
transmission is 2.5 λ. Using smith chart find
SWR, K, input impedance and input
admittance.
2. Can you recall the technique of single stub matching (13) BTL 1 Remembering
and find the stub location and stub length equations.
3. (i) Consider a line of RO = 55  terminated in (7) BTL 1 Remembering
115+j75 Ω. If the total length of the line is
1.183λ, find the VSWR, input impedance and
admittance.
(ii) Find the input impedance and admittance of a (6)

co-axial line having RO = 95  and the line is
20m long short circuited at far end operated at
10MHz.
4. (i) What is the procedure for double stub (7) BTL 1 Remembering
matching on a transmission line with an
example?
(ii) Write notes on Eight wave line and half wave (6)
line.
5. Explain the transmission line circle diagram by (13) BTL 2 Understanding
deriving the expression for constant S and constant
βs circle.
6. (i) It is required to match a 200 Ω load to a 300 Ω (5) BTL 2 Understanding
transmission line to reduce the SWR along the
line to 1. What must be the characteristic
impedance and length of the quarter wave
transformer used for this purpose if it is
directly connected to the load? The operating
frequency is 200 MHz.
(ii) A UHF lossless transmission line working at 1 (8)
GHz is connected to an unmatched line
producing a voltage reflection coefficient of
0.5(0.866+j 0.5). Calculate the length and
position of the stub to match the line using
corresponding equations.
7. A transmission line is terminated in ZL. (13) BTL 2 Understanding
Measurements indicate that the standing wave
minima are 102 cm apart and that the last minimum
is 35 cm from the load end of the line. The value of
standing wave ratio is 2.4 and R0 = 250. Determine
frequency, wavelength, Real and reactive
components of the terminating impedance. Also
Verify the results obtained from equations using the
smith chart.
8. VSWR of a lossless line is found to be 5 and (13) BTL 3 Applying
successive voltage minima are 40cm apart. The first
voltage minima is observed to be 15cm from the
load. The length of the line is 160cm and Zo is 300
Ω. Apply the values in smith chart to find the load
impedance and input impedance.
9. A RF transmission line with Zo=300∟0° Ω is (13) BTL 3 Applying
terminated in an impedance of 100∟45°Ω. This
load is to be matched to the transmission line by
using a short circuited stub. With the help of smith
chart, Find the length and location of the stub.
10. A 50  transmission line feeds an inductive load (13) BTL 4 Analyzing
35+j35. Analyze and design a double stub tuner to
match this load to the line using smith chart. Spacing
between the two stubs is λ/4.
11. (i) Derive the expression of radius and center for (7) BTL 4 Analyzing
constant R and X circles in Smith Chart.
(ii) The terminating load of UHF transmission line (6)

working at 300MHz is 50+50j Ω. Calculate
VSWR and the position of the voltage
minimum nearest to the load if the
characteristics impedance of the line is 50 Ω.
12. (i) Consider a line with a load of ZR/RO =2.6+j, (7) BTL 4 Analyzing
which is 28° long. Find the input impedance.
(ii) Examine the operation and application of

quarter wave transformer. (6)
13. Determine the length and location of the stub to (13) BTL 5 Evaluating
produce an impedance match on a line of 600 Ω
terminated in 200 Ω. The stub is short circuited at
the other end. Determine the length and location of
the stub.
14. (i) A load 50+j100 Ω is connected across a 50 Ω (7) BTL 6 Creating
line. Design a short circuited stub to provide
matching between the two at a single
frequency of 30MHz.
(ii) Construct the procedure for double stub (6)

matching on a transmission line with an
example.
PART – C
1. (i) Assess the length and location of a single short BTL 5 Evaluating
circuited stub to produce an impedance match (8)
on a transmission line with characteristic
impedance of 600 Ω and terminated in 1800Ω.
(ii) A 300 Ω transmission line is connected to a (7)

load impedance of (450-j600) Ω at
10MHz.Evaluate the position and length of a
short circuited stub required to match the line
using smith chart.
2. (i) The input impedance of a λ/8 long, 50Ω BTL 5 Evaluating

transmission line are Z1=25+j100 Ω, Z2=10-
j50 Ω, Z3=100+j0 Ω and Z4=0+j50 Ω, when (11)
various load impedances are connected at the
other end. In each case, estimate the load
impedance and the reflection coefficient at the
input and load ends.
(ii) Explain the applications of quarter wave

(4)
transformer.
3. (i) A line having characteristic impedance of 50 Ω (10) BTL 6 Creating
is terminated in load impedance [75+j75] Ω.
Determine the reflection coefficient and
voltage standard wave ratio.
(ii) Mention the significance of smith chart and its (5)

application in transmission lines.
4. (i) Develop the expression for the input (10) BTL 6 Creating
impedance of the dissipation less line and thus
obtain the expression for the input impedance
of the quarter wave line. Also discuss the
application of the quarter wave line.
(ii) Design a single stub match for a load of (5)

150+j225 Ω for a 75 Ω line a 500 MHz using
smith chart.
UNIT IV - PASSIVE FILTERS
Characteristic impedance of symmetrical networks - filter fundamentals, Design of filters: Constant K
- Low Pass, High Pass, Band Pass, Band Elimination, m- derived sections - low pass, high pass
composite filters.
PART A
Level
1. Write the expression for design impedance and cut-off BTL 1 Remembering
frequency of low pass filter.
2. Enumerate the characteristics of an ideal filter. BTL 1 Remembering
3. How would you say that m-derived filters are BTL 1 Remembering
advantageous?
4. Define cutoff frequency BTL 1 Remembering
5. Can you recall m-derived filter? BTL 1 Remembering
6. What is constant-K filters? BTL 1 Remembering
7. Compare constant k and m-derived filters. BTL 2 Understanding
8. Explain composite filter. BTL 2 Understanding
9. Classify different types of filter on the basis of operation. BTL 2 Understanding
10. Draw a simple High-pass filter section and show the values BTL 2 Understanding
of circuit elements.
11. Solve for L and C of a low pass π section constant-k filter BTL 3 Applying
having a cutoff frequency of 3KHz and load of 600Ω.
12. Draw a simple Band-pass filter network and identify the BTL 3 Applying
values of circuit elements.
13. For an m-derived low pass filter, obtain the relationship BTL 3 Applying
between cut-off frequency, frequency of infinite
attenuation and m?
14. Examine the demerits of constant k filters? BTL 4 Analyzing
15. Identify the value of C required by a prototype high pass T- BTL 4 Analyzing
section filter having a cutoff frequency of 1KHz to work
into a 600Ω load resistance.
16. Distinguish between active filters and passive filters. BTL 4 Analyzing
17. Deduce the expression for attenuation constant and phase BTL 5 Evaluating
constant for a constant k low pass filter.
18. A T section low pass filter has series inductance of 80mH BTL 5 Evaluating
and shunt capacitance of 0.022 F. Evaluate the cutoff
frequency and the design impedance.
19. Design a prototype low pass filter T section of design BTL 6 Creating
impedance Ro =500Ω and cutoff frequency fc=2000Hz.
20. A constant-K T-section high pass filter has a cutoff BTL 6 Creating
frequency of 10 KHz. The design impedance is 600 Ω.
Estimate the value of L.
PART B
1. (i) Show the expression for the characteristics (5) BTL 1 Remembering
impedance of symmetrical T and Π section
networks.
(ii) How would you explain the properties of

symmetrical network in terms of (5)
characteristic impedance and propagation
constant?
Bring out the expression of attenuation in

(iii) Neper and Decibel. (3)
2. (i) Tell the details about the Pass and Stop band (5) BTL 1 Remembering
Filter fundamentals.
(ii) What is the principle and operation of crystal

filters with neat diagrams. Write its (8)
applications.
3. (i) Recall the design and operation of m derived (7) BTL 1 Remembering
low pass filter with necessary equations and
diagrams.
(ii) Quote the design and operation of m derived (6)

high pass filter with necessary equations and
diagrams.
4. Recall the design equations for m-derived band pass (13) BTL 1 Remembering
and band elimination filters.
5. (i) What do you mean by composite filter? (7) BTL 2 Understanding
Discuss its construction, design and
characteristics briefly
(ii) Find the characteristics impedance and

propagation constant of the symmetrical T (6)
network whose series arm is 50 Ω and shunt
arm is 5000 Ω.
6. Explain and derive characteristic impedance, (13) BTL 2 Understanding
inductance, capacitance and cut-off frequency for
constant k low pass and constant k high pass filter,
also draw their reactance curves.
7. (i) With a neat diagram explain the operation of (9) BTL 2 Understanding
a constant-K band pass filter. Derive the
equation of resonance. Develop expression
for the circuit elements used in the series and
shunt arms of the filter. Consider a T-section.
(ii) Demonstrate a symmetrical T section with ZO (4)
= 600 Ω and γ=0+jπ/4.(4)
8. Employ a T section and π section constant k high (13) BTL 3 Applying
pass filter and Low pass filter having cutoff
frequency of 12 KHz and nominal impedance R0
=500Ω Also find Z0, Phase constant at 24KHz and
Attenuation at 4kHz.
9. (i) Compute a low pass filter (both π and T- (6) BTL 3 Applying
sections) having a cutoff frequency of 2kHz
to operate with a terminated load resistance of
500Ω.
(ii) Identify and explain the operation of constant- (7)

K band elimination filter with necessary
equations and diagrams.
10. (i) How would you design a high pass filter (5) BTL 4 Analyzing
having a cutoff frequency of 1 kHz with a load
resistance of 600Ω?
(ii) Examine and design an m-derived low pass

filter to work into load of 400Ω with cut off (8)
frequency at 1kHz and resonant
frequency1100Hz
11. (i) Analyze and design a Band pass filter to (5) BTL 4 Analyzing
operate into input and output resistance of
100Ω and have a pass band between 4.8KHz
and 5.2KHz.
(ii) The series arm Z1 of a filter consists of a (8)

0.5µF capacitor in series with an inductor of
0.35H. If Ro =500Ω, determine the elements
in the shunt arm and the manner in which
they may be connected. Find the frequency
of resonance of and pass band.
12. (i) Given a cutoff frequency of 5000 Hz and a (7) BTL 4 Analyzing
design impedance of 600 Ω. The frequency of
infinite attenuation is f=1.25fc. Design an m-
derived T-section low pass filter.
(ii) Design an m-derived high pass filter π (6)

sections with a cut off frequency of 1000/π
KHz to work into load of 600Ω.
13. Examine the response of a low pass composite filter (13) BTL 5 Evaluating
for the following specifications. Cut-off frequency
fc = 2 kHz. Frequency of infinite attenuation
f∞ = 2200 Hz Load impedance of 600Ω.Use π section
to develop composite filter.
14. Construct a composite High pass filter to operate (13) BTL 6 Creating
into the load of 600Ω and have a cutoff frequency of
1.2 KHz. The filter is have one constant k section,
one m derived section with f∞ =1.1 KHz and
suitably terminated half section.
PART-C
1. (i) Evaluate an m-derived T section low pass (3) BTL 5 Evaluating

filter having cutoff frequency of
1KHz.Design impedance is 400 Ω and the
resonant frequency is 1100 Hz.
(ii) Justify the equations for the characteristic (6)

impedance of symmetrical T and π networks.
(iii) Recommend the properties of symmetrical (6)
network in terms of characteristic impedance
and propagation constant.
2. Design a constant K bandpass filter deriving (15) BTL 5 Evaluating
expressions for the circuit components. A constant
K high pass filter cuts off at a frequency of 2300 Hz.
The load resistance is 500 Ω. Calculate the values of
components used in the filter.
3. (i) Explain and draw the m-derived T-section for (10) BTL 6 Creating
high pass filter.
(ii) Summarize composite filter and design a

constant K-low pass filter and having cut-off (5)
at which 2.5KHz and design resistance Ro is
700Ω.
4. (i) Discuss the operation and design of constant- (8) BTL 6 Creating
K T section band elimination filter with
necessary equations and diagrams
(ii) Build a constant K bandpass filter (both T and (7)

π sections)having a design impedance of 600
Ω and cut-off frequencies of 1KHz. and 4KHz
UNIT V - WAVE GUIDES AND CAVITY RESONATORS
General Wave behaviors along uniform Guiding structures, Transverse Electromagnetic waves,
Transverse Magnetic waves, Transverse Electric waves, TM and TE waves between parallel plates, TM
and TE waves in Rectangular wave guides, Bessel's differential equation and Bessel function, TM and
TE waves in Circular wave guides, Rectangular and circular cavity Resonators.
PART – A
Bloom’s
S.No Questions Taxonomy Competence
Level
1. Define the quality factor of cavity resonator BTL 1 Remembering
2. Write Bessel’s functions of first kind of order zero? BTL 1 Remembering
Mention about the dominant mode of a rectangular
3. BTL 1 Remembering
waveguide.
Justify, why TM01 and TM10 modes in a rectangular
4. BTL 5 Evaluating
waveguide do not exists.
5. Define cutoff frequency of a waveguide BTL 1 Remembering
6. Compare TE and TM mode BTL 2 Understanding
7. What are commonly used guide terminations? BTL 1 Remembering
8. Mention the application of cavity resonators BTL 4 Analyzing
9. How cavity resonator is formed BTL 1 Remembering
Characterize the velocity as Group velocity and Phase
10. BTL 2 Understanding
velocity in a transmission Line.
11. Tell about the characteristics of TEM waves BTL 2 Understanding
Discuss about the dominant mode and degenerate modes
12. BTL 6 Creating
in rectangular waveguide.
13. Compare between waveguide and cavity resonator BTL 2 Understanding
A wave is propagated in the dominant mode in a parallel
plane waveguide frequency is 6GHz and the plane
14. BTL 3 Applying
separation is 4cm. Calculate the cutoff wavelength and the
wavelength in the waveguide
A wave is propagated in a parallel plane waveguide. The
frequency is 6GHz and the plane separation is 3cm.
15. BTL 3 Applying
Determine the group and phase velocity for the dominant
mode
Determine the size of the circular waveguide required to
16. BTL 6 Creating
propagate TE11 mode if λc=8cm and ρ11=1.841
An air filled rectangular waveguide of cross section 5cm x
17. 2 cm is used to propagate TM11 mode at 10 GHz. BTL 3 Applying
Determine cut-off wavelength and guide wavelength.
Assess the features of Transverse Electro Magnetic
18. BTL 5 Evaluating
(TEM) waves.
An air filled rectangular waveguide of inner dimension
2.286 x 1.016 in centimeters operates in the dominant
19. BTL 4 Analyzing
TE10 modes. Calculate the cut-off frequency and phase
velocity of a wave in the guide at a frequency of 7GHz.
‘TEM wave is not possible through hollow rectangular
20. BTL 4 Analyzing
waveguide’ Justify
PART – B
1. (i) Describe the principle of operation and (8)
applications of resonant cavities.
BTL 1
Remembering
(ii) Explain the excitation of various modes in (5)
rectangular cavities.
2. (i) Recall the field component of a Transverse (7) BTL 1
Remembering
Electric wave in rectangular wave guides.
(ii) Determine the expression of wave impedance (6)

of TE, TM and TEM wave between a pair of
perfectly conducting planes.
3. (i) A rectangular cavity resonator excited by (6)
TE101 mode at 20GHz has dimensions a =
2cm, b=1cm. Calculate the length of the cavity.
BTL 2 Understanding
Illustrate the attenuation of TE and TM waves
between parallel planes with an appropriate
(ii) graph. (7)
4. Obtain the expression for the transmission of TM (13)
waves between parallel perfectly conducting planes
BTL 1
with necessary expressions for the field components Remembering
and compare its characteristics with TE and TEM
waves.
5. (i) For a frequency of 6 GHz and plane separation (7)
of 3cm in air, find the cut off frequency, cut off
wavelength, phase velocity and group velocity
of the wave.
BTL 3
Applying
(ii) A circular air filed copper cavity is excited in (6)
the TM₀₁₀ mode at 9.375GHz. The cavity has
length of 6cm and radius 4cm. Find the
resonant frequency and Q-factor.
6. Discuss the transmission of TM waves between (13)
parallel perfectly conducting planes with necessary BTL 1 Remembering
expressions for the field components.
7. (i) Interpret the propagation of TM waves in a (8)
rectangular waveguide with necessary
expressions for the field components.
BTL 2
Understanding
(ii) Summarize the characteristics of TE and TM (7)
waves and also derive the cutoff frequency and
phase velocity from propagation constant.
8. Using Bessel differential equation derive the TM (13)
BTL 2 Understanding
field components in circular waveguides.
9. A rectangular air filled coper waveguide with (13)
dimension 0.9inch x 0.4inch cross section and
12inch length is propagated at 9.2GHz with a
BTL 5 Evaluating
dominant mode. Find the cutoff frequency, Guide
wavelength, Phase velocity, characteristic
impedance and the loss.
10. (i) (6)
Examine salient features of circular cavity
resonator and mention its applications.
BTL 4 Analyzing
(ii)
A TE11 wave is propagating through a circular
waveguide .The diameter of the guide is
10cmand the guide is air-filled. Given
X11=1.842 (3)
(a)Find the cut off frequency (2)
(b)Find the wavelength λ g in the guide for a
frequency of 3GHz. (2)
(c)Determine the wave impedance in the guide.
11. What is quality factor of a resonator and derive an (13)
expression for the quality factor of rectangular and BTL 6 Creating
circular cavity resonators.
12. A pair of perfectly conducting plates is separated by (13)
10cm in air and carries a signal frequency of 6GHz
in TE1 mode. Find Cut-off frequency, Angle of
incidence on planes, Phase velocity, group velocity, BTL 3 Applying
Phase constant, Cut-off wavelength, characteristic
wave impedance, and wavelength along guiding
walls. Is it possible to propagate TE3 mode.
13. Analyze the expressions for the transmissions of TE (13)
waves between parallel perfectly conducting planes BTL -4 Analyzing
for the field components.
14. (i) Explain about Bessel functions of first and (8)
second kind and state its properties.
(ii) Calculate the resonant frequency of an air (5) BTL 4

Analyzing
filled rectangular resonator of dimensions
a=2cm, b=4cm and d=6cm operating in TE101
mode.
PART – C
1. (i) A hollow rectangular waveguide is to be used (8)
to transmit signals at a carrier frequency of
6GHz. Choose its dimensions so that the cut
off frequency of the dominant TE mode is
lower than the carier by 25 % and that of the
next mode is at least 25 % higher than the
BTL 6 Creating
carrier.
(ii) Evaluate the ratio of the area of a circular (7)

waveguide to that of a rectangular one if both
are to have the same cut off frequency for
dominant mode.
2. (i) A cubical cavity resonator made of copper σ = (8)
5.8 x 107 mho / m is to be operated at 15GHz.
Find the dimensions of the cavity , its quality
factor and the bandwidth if it is operated in the
dominant mode. BTL 5 Evaluating
(ii) A circular air filled copper cavity is excited in (7)

the TM010 mode. The cavity has a length of 6
cam and radius 4 cm with a bandwidth of
3MHz. Find the resonant frequency and quality
factor.
3. Determine the cut off frequencies of the first two (15)
propagating modes of a circular waveguide with a=
BTL 5 Evaluating
0.5cm and εr = 2.25 the guide is 50cm in length
operating at f = 13GHz. Determine the attenuation.
4. A TE wave propagating in a dielectric filled
waveguide of unknown permittivity has dimensions (15)
a=5 cm and b = 3cm. If the x – components of the
BTL 6 Creating
electric field is given by
Ex=36cos(40πx)sin(100πy)sin(2.4π×1010t−52.9πz ,
(V/m).

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VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

EC6503 – TRANSMISSION LINES AND WAVEGUIDES

Academic Year 2017 – 18

Ms. N. Subhashini, Assistant Professor/ECE

Ms. K. Arthi, Assistant Professor/ECE

Mr. A.G. Muralikrishna, Assistant Professor/ECE

VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

SUBJECT : EC6503 TRANSMISSION LINES AND WAVEGUIDES

(ii) Illustrate Delay or phase distortion (5)

(ii) Enumerate in detail about the reflection on a line (6)

(ii) Write a short note on reflection factor and reflection (6)

(ii) A distortion less transmission line has attenuation

(ii) Illustrate the Zo and in terms of primary (6)

(ii) Characterize the behavior of attenuation and (6)

(ii) Explain the propagation constant of continuously (7)

(ii) Illustrate in detail about input impedance and

(ii) A 2 meter long transmission line with

(ii) The constants of a transmission line are R=6

Determine the characteristic impedance, propagation

(ii) Determine the characteristic impedance of the T (7)

Q.No Questions BT Competence

(ii) Enumerate the Line constants for zero (6)

(ii) An ideal loss less quarter wave (s=ƛ/4)

(ii) Explain in detail about the variation of input

(ii) Discuss in detail about Standing wave ratio. (6)

(ii) A lossless transmission line with Z0 = 75 Ω and (6)

(ii) Calculate standing wave ratio and reflection (6)

(ii) An antenna as a load on a transmission line (6)

(ii) Discuss about Reflection losses on the

(ii) Explore the standing waves with neat diagram. (6)

2. (i) A lossless transmission line in air has a (8) BTL 5 Evaluating

(ii) Conclude why a quarter wave line is considered as (7)

(ii) Deduce an expression for the input impedance of a (7)

1. Express standing wave ratio in terms of reflection BTL 1 Remembering

8. A 50  line is terminated in load ZR = 90 + j60. Show the BTL 2 Understanding

18. A lossless line has a characteristic impedance of 400. BTL 5 Evaluating

(ii) A lossless line with ZO =70 is terminated

(ii) Find the input impedance and admittance of a (6)

(ii) The terminating load of UHF transmission line (6)

(ii) Examine the operation and application of

(ii) Construct the procedure for double stub (6)

(ii) A 300 Ω transmission line is connected to a (7)

2. (i) The input impedance of a λ/8 long, 50Ω BTL 5 Evaluating

(ii) Explain the applications of quarter wave

(ii) Mention the significance of smith chart and its (5)

(ii) Design a single stub match for a load of (5)

5. Can you recall m-derived filter? BTL 1 Remembering

6. What is constant-K filters? BTL 1 Remembering

7. Compare constant k and m-derived filters. BTL 2 Understanding

8. Explain composite filter. BTL 2 Understanding

9. Classify different types of filter on the basis of operation. BTL 2 Understanding

(ii) How would you explain the properties of

Bring out the expression of attenuation in

(ii) What is the principle and operation of crystal

(ii) Quote the design and operation of m derived (6)

(ii) Find the characteristics impedance and

(ii) Identify and explain the operation of constant- (7)

(ii) Examine and design an m-derived low pass

(ii) The series arm Z1 of a filter consists of a (8)

(ii) Design an m-derived high pass filter π (6)

1. (i) Evaluate an m-derived T section low pass (3) BTL 5 Evaluating