Fire Safety

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1. Fire 11. Fuel- rating of the amount of combustible

Triangle Contribution substances an interior finish material can
Rating contribute to a fire
12. smoke- a rating of the amount of smoke an interior
developed finish material can produce when it burns.
rating (Materials having a smoke-developed rating
above 450 are not permitted to be used inside
buildings.)
13. fireproofing

fuel, oxygen, heat

2. Fire Hazard Any condition or act which increases or may
cause an increase in the probability of the
occurrence of fire, or which may obstruct,
delay, hinder or interfere with fire fighting
operations and the safeguarding of life and
property any of various materials, such as concrete,
3. Fire Load The amount of combustible material in a lath and plaster, or gypsum board, use in
building, measured in pounds per square foot making building materials member or system
of floor area. resistant to damage or destruction by fire

4. combustible pertaining to a material capable of iginiting 14. spray-on a mixture of mineral fibers and an inorganic
and burning fireproofing binder applied by air pressure with a spray
gun to provide a thermal barrier to the heat of
5. fire-rated A rating given to building materials to specify
a fire
the amount of time the material can resist
damage caused by fire as required by its use. 15. intumescent paint that swells up when exposed to
aka fire-resistive paint excessive heat and thus resists flame spread

6. fire time in hours a material or assembly can be
resistance expected to withstand exposure to fire without
rating collapsing, develop any openings which
permit the passage of flame or hot gases, or
exceeding specified temperature on the side
away from the fire
16. liquid-filled A hollow structural steel column filled with
column water to increase its persistence. If exposed to
flame, the water absorbs heat, rises by
convection to remove the heat, and is replace
with cooler water from a storage town or city
water main

7. flash point The lowest temperature to which a substance 17. fire compound used to raise the ignition point of a
must be heated in order for the substance to retardant flammable material, making it more fire
give off vapors which will burn when exposed resistant
to a flame or ignition source. 18. fire zone zone of a city within which certain
8. ignition The lowest temperature at which a substance construction types are prohibited because of
point will undergo a spontaneous combustion and fire hazards present in the zone
continue to burn without additional application 19. fire break an open space established to prevent the
of external heat spread of fire
9. Steiner test measuring the time it takes for a controlled 20. fire Any floor for roof ceiling construction having
Tunnel Test flame to spread across the face of a test separation the required fire resistance training to confine
(ASTM E84) specimen, the amount of fuel the material the spread of fire
contributes to the fire, and the density of the
21. occupancy A vertical or horizontal construction he be
smoke developed by the fire
separation required for resistance rating to prevent the
10. Flame- Rating of how quickly a fire can spread along spread of fire from one occupancy to another
spread the surface open interior finish material. Red in a mixed-occupancy building
Rating oak flooring has the flame spread rating of 100
, while cement abestos board has a rating of
zero
22. distance The separation required between an exterior 32. fusible A link made of a fusible metal. When exposed to
separation wall of a building and a property line the center link the heat of a fire, the link melts and causes a fire
line of an adjacent street or public space or the assembly to close
exterior wall or an adjacent building or
33. fire-alarm An electrical system installed in a building to
measured at the right angles to the exterior wall
system automatically sound an alarm when actuated by
23. fire area area of a building enclosed by fire-rated a fire-detection system.
construction capable of confining the spread of
34. fire- system of thermostats or other approved sensors
fire
detection for detecting the presence of fire and
24. fire wall Fire-rated wall with a specified degree of fire system automatically signalling an alarm
resistance, built of fire-resistive materials and
35. smoke An electronic fire alarm that is activated by the
usually extending from the foundation up to and
detector presence of smoke
through the roof of a building, that is designed
to limit the spread of a fire within a structure or 36. standpipe a water pipe extending vertically through a
between adjacent structures. building to supply fire hoses at every floor

25. draft stop Fire rated partition dividing and enclose attic 37. wet Standpipe containing water under pressure and
space of combustible construction or the standpipe fitted with fire hoses for emergency use by
concealed space between a suspended ceiling building occupants
if a wood frame floor above 38. dry A standpipe containing no water and used by the
26. fire The assembly of a fire door, fire window or fire standpipe fire department to connect fire hoses to a fire
assembly damper, including all required hardware hydrant or pumper truck.
Anchorage, frames and sills 39. fire hose
27. protected An opening in a wall, floor, or roof ceiling
opening construction that is fitted with a fire assembly
having the required for fire resistance rating for
its location in use
28. self- A fire assembly that is normally kept in a closed
closing position and is equipped with an approved
fire device to ensure closing and latching after
assembly having been open for use
29. automatic- Fire assembly that may remain in an open
closing position and will close automatically is
fire subjected to an increase in temperature or
assembly actuated by a smoke detector
a heavy-duty hose for use in fighting a fire
30. smoke A vent designed to open automatically in the
40. hydrant
vent event of fire in order to remove smoke and heat
from a building
31. fire
damper

damper that closes an air duct automatically in an upright pipe with a spout, nozzle, or other
the event of fire to restrict the passage of fire outlet, usually in the street, for drawing water
and smoke, required where a duct penetrates a from a main pipe, especially for fighting fires
fire wall, fire-rated shaft, or other fire separation
41. siamese 50. Upright
connection sprinkler
head

a hose fitting with clapper valves for

combining the flow from two or more lines of
A type of fire sprinkler head that is installed with
hose into a single stream. The inlet fitting of a
its deflector pointing up toward the ceiling or
fire standpipe located above the ground
roof.
42. fire
51. Pendent A type of fire sprinkler head that is installed with
extinguisher
sprinkler its deflector pointing down toward the floor.
head
52. Concealed
sprinkler
head

a portable device that puts out small fires by

ejecting fire-extinguishing chemicals; classified 53. Sidewall
according to the type of fire it is able to Sprinkler
extinguish Head
43. Class A fire ordinary combustibles (wood, paper, cloth)
44. Class B fire flammable liquids and gases (gasoline,
kerosene, grease or oil)
45. Class C fire energized electrical equipment (appliances,
wirings, circuits, outlets)
46. Class D fire combustible metals (magnesium, titanium,
potassium or sodium)
47. Class K fire cooking oils and fats
48. Sprinkler Apparatus for automatically extinguishing fire A sprinkler that is mounted on a wall and
System in the building, consisting of a system of pipes discharges water horizontally into a room.
in or below the ceilings connected to a
54. wet-pipe Sprinkler system containing water at sufficient
suitable water supply, and supply with valves
system pressure to provide an immediate, continuous
or sprinkler spend made to open automatically
discharge through sprinkler heads that opens
at a certain temperature
automatically in the event of fire
49. Sprinkler A nozzle any sprinkler system for dispersing a
Head stream or spray of water, usually controlled by
a fusible link that melts at a predetermined
temperature
55. dry-pipe Sprinkler system containing pressurized air that 66. emergency lighting system designed to supply the
system is released when a sprinkler head open in the lighting illumination required for safe egress from a
event of fire, allow in water to flow through the building in the event of a power failure
piping and out the open nozzle. dry pipe
67. area of area affording safety from fire and smoke,
systems are used where the piping is subjected
refuge where persons unable to use stairways can
to freezing
remain temporarily to await assistance during
56. preaction dry pipe sprinkler system through which water an emergency. aka rescue assistance
system flow is controlled by a valve operated by fire
68. smokeproof
detection devices more sensitive than those in
enclosure
the sprinkler heads. preaction system are used
when an accidental discharge would damage
valuable materials
57. deluge A type of sprinkler system in which all the heads
system remain permanently open; when activated by a
detection system, a deluge valve allows water
into the system. enclosing of an exit stairway by walls of fire-
resistive construction, accessible by a
58. means of A continuous path of travel from any point in a
vestibule or by an open exterior balcony and
egress building to the outside at ground level
ventilated by natural or mechanical means to
59. exit an enclosed and protected path of escape for limit the penetration of smoke and heat
the occupants of a building in the event of fire,
69. exit Stairway leading to an exit passageway, and
leading from an exit access to an exit discharge
stairway exit Court, or publicly, enclosed by fire
60. exit The portion of the means of egress that leads to resistive construction with self closing fire
access an exit. doors that swing in the direction of exit driver
61. horizontal A passage to through or around a wall 70. exterior exit
exit constructed as required for an occupancy balcony
separation, protected by an automatic closing
the door, and leading to an area refuge in the
same building or on approximately the same
level in an adjacent building
62. common portion of exit access that occupant required to
path of travel to reach 2 separate and distinct paths of
travel egress travel to two exits
63. exit Passageways serving as a required exit, enclosed
corridor by walls of a fire resistive construction
64. exit door Door providing access to a means of egress,
swinging in the direction of exit travel, and
Landing or porch projecting from the wall of a
usually equipped with a panic bar
building and serving as a required means of
65. exit light egress
71. fire escape an exit stairway down an outside wall of a
building
72. exterior exit Exit door opening directly to an exit court or
public way
73. exit A means of egress connecting a required exit
passageway or exit court with a public way, having no
openings other than required exit and enclosed
by fire resistive construction is required for the
illuminated sign identifying a required exit walls, floors, and ceiling to the building serve
74. exit That portion of the means-of-egress system between the termination of the exit and a public way. aka egress court
discharge
75. exit court A court or yard that provides access to a public way for one or more required exits
76. public Any street, alley or other strip of land unobstructed from the ground to the sky, deeded, dedicated or otherwise
way permanently appropriated for public use.