Arts 9

Quarter 4
Module 3
WESTERN CLASSICAL
PLAYS/OPERA

mapeh
MAPEH-Arts
Quarter 4 - Module 3
Title : FAMOUS FILIPINO PLAYWRIGHTS
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Mary Cor G. Orias
Editors: Anthony Quinalayo
Reviewers: Arian T. Huit
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Elaine F. Demdam & Lynette Mamauag
Management Team: Wilma Q. Del Rosario, Division EPS In Charge of LRMDS
Name of EPS (Subject)

Dr.Victor Javena
OIC – Chief Curriculum Implementation Division

Dr. Aurelio G. Alfonso

OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Ma.Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin

OIC-Schools Division Superintendent

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education –Division of Pasig City

Office Address: Caruncho Avenue, San Nicolas, Pasig City

Telefax:
E-mail Address:
Arts 9
Quarter 4
Module 3
FAMOUS FILIPINO PLAYWRIGHTS
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the MAPEH-ARTS Grade 9 Module 3 on Famous Filipino Playwrights.

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

from Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its Officer-In-Charge Schools
Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin in partnership with
the Local Government of Pasig through its Mayor, Honorable Vico Sotto.
The writers utilized the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum using the Most
Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) while overcoming their personal, social,
and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the MAPEH Module 3 on Arts 9 (Famous Filipino Playwrights).

The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectation - These are what you will be able to know after completing the
lessons in the module

Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be
mastered throughout the lesson.

Recap - This section will measure what learnings and skills that you
understand from the previous lesson.

Lesson- This section will discuss the topic for this module.

Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform.

Wrap Up- This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the
lessons.

Valuing-this part will check the integration of values in the learning

competency.

Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire
module.
 EXPECTATION

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to;

1. identify famous Filipino playwrights;

2. Show the influences of Western Classical plays or opera on Philippine
theatrical performance in terms of form and content story.

PRE–TEST

DIRECTION: Identify the correct answer for each statements/questions.

1. He is the “Father of the Tagalog Zarzuela”.
2. A Filipino composer dubbed as the “Father of Theater Design in the
Philippines”.
3. A story that underscores the injustice of Spanish rule even as it dances
around cruel fate of the young lovers.
4. Many of his theater productions were classics of Western drama but in
terms of a Filipino and Asian sensibility.
5. He is the man behind the famous “Florante at Laura.”
 RECAP

DIRECTION: Can you guess what theater play or opera title is shown in the
picture? Write your answer inside the box.

LESSON

FAMOUS FILIPINO PLAYWRIGHTS AND DIRECTORS

FRANCISCO BALAGTAS Y DE LA CRUZ was born on
April 2, 1788 in Panginay, Bigaa, Bulacan and died on
February 20, 1862 of pneumonia. He was also known
as Francisco Baltazar. His best known work is the
Florante at Laura.
Balagtas learned to write poetry from Jose de la Cruz
(Huseng Sisiw), one of the most famous poets of
Tondo. It was de la Cruz himself who personally
challenged Balagtas to improve his writing.
In 1835, Balagtas moved to Pandacan, where he met
Maria Asuncion Rivera, who served as the muse for
his future works. She is referenced in Florante at
Laura as “Celia” and “Mer”.
Balagtas’ affections for Mer were challenged by the
influential Mariano Capule. Capule won the battle
when he used his wealth to get Balagtas imprisoned
under the accusation that Balagtas ordered a
servant girl’s head to be shaved. It was in prison that
he wrote Florante at Laura so that the events of the poem were meant to
parallel his own situation.
Balagtas published Florante at Laura upon his release in 1838. He moved to
Balanga, Bataan in 1840 where he served as the assistant to the Justice of
Peace and later, in 1856 as Major Lieutenant.
He died on February 20, 1862 at the age of 73. On his death bed, he asked a
favor that none of his children become a poet like him who had suffered under
his gift. He even told them that it would be better to cut their hands off than
let them be writers.
Balagtas is so greatly revered in the Philippines that the term for Filipino
debate in extemporaneous verse is named after him -Balagtasan, and one of
the greatest literary awards in the Philippines is also named after him.

SEVERINO R. REYES (A playwright)

“Father of the Tagalog Zarzuela”
The son of Rufino Reyes and Andrea Rivera. Reyes
was born in Sta. Cruz, Manila on February 11, 1861.
He studied at San Juan de Letran College and later at
the University of Sto. Tomas, where he studied
philosophy.
A Filipino writer, dramatist, and playwright, Reyes was
highly acclaimed as one of the giants of Tagalog
literature.
In 902, Reyes founded and directed the Gran
Compania de Zarzuela Tagala. On June 14, 1902, the
company staged his play Walang Sugat (NoWounds), a
drama set against the historical events in Bulacan
during the Philippine revolution.
In 1923, Reyes co-founded the Liwayway, a Tagalog literary weekly which
published a series of fairy tale titled Mga Kwento ni Lola Basyang, written by
Reyes. The storyteller, Lola Basyang, was based by the author on a neighbor
named Gervacia de Guzman.
Severino Reyes died on September 15, 1942, when the Philippines was under
the Japanese regime.
Severino Reyes’ masterpiece, Walang Sugat broadly underscores the injustice
of Spanish rule even as it dances around the cruel fate of young lovers Tenyong
and Julia with humor and song. Set in the final leg of the Philippine Revolution,
Tenyong is forced to leave behind his childhood sweetheart Julia to join the
Katipunan. Meanwhile Julia’s mother pressures her into marrying the wealthy
Miguel instead. With no word from Tenyong as the battles prolongs, Julia gives
in, but her wedding was interrupted by the fatally wounded Tenyong.
The production was directed by Ricardo Abad, under the musical direction of
Josefino Tolledo, Jonjon Villareal handled lights design while Dexter Santos
choreographed. Set, and costumes were designed by the National Artist,
Salvador Bernal.
DR. RICARDO G. ABAD (A director)
Born in Manila on August 10, 1946 of parents from Cavite
and Camiguin. He graduated at the Ateneo de Manila,
after which he obtained a Fulbright grant to finish a
doctorate in sociology at Fordham University in New
York.
A full-time Faculty at Department of Sociology and
Anthropology; Artistic Director, Tanghalang Ataneo;
Metrobank Network Outstanding Teachers
Pathways/ANI, Ateneo de Manila University Role Players,
Theater for Life Social Weather Stations.
He has been involved as actor and director in over 120 productions while are
the same time doing sociological works as teacher, researcher, and editor.
He has also directed and acted for professional companies like Teatro Pilipino
and Tangahalang Pilipino of the Cultural Center of the Philippines, and the
Metropolitan Theater.
Many of his theater productions were classics of western drama but in terms
of a Filipino and Asian sensibility, like Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet.

SALVADOR F. BERNAL
“Father of Theater Design in the Philippine”
Born in 1845 to a family that ran a Terno shop. He was
the first to develop theater design as a profession and
elevate it to an art form. He studied at the Ateneo de
Manila and at Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois,
USA, practiced and handled courses in the art and craft of
theater design.
Taught briefly at Ataneo de Manila and University of the
Philippines. He had designed more than 250 productions
in ballet, theater, and film.
 ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 1 – WATCH AND LEARN!

DIRECTION: Watch the play Walang Sugat by Severino Reyes and Florante at
Laura of Francisco Balagtas through the link shown below. After watching,
compare and differentiate their works to western classical theater.
Theater/Opera Genre Story Synopsis Similarities to Differences to
Western Classical Western
Play Classical Play
Florante at
Laura
Romeo and
Juliet

Florante at Laura
Link: #TulangEpiko https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qmwU_PWSFHs
Walang Sugat
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESBNfhqoRS8

WRAP–UP

DIRECTION: Complete the sentences below by filling them up with the

missing word or phrase.
A. Francisco Balagtas is the author of ___________________. He learned
his poetry from Huseng ________ of __________. His muse of his work
is __________________ .
B. Severino Reyes is a Filipino __________, ________, and ________. He
was an acclaimed Tagalog _________ in literature. One of his famous
play is ________________.
 VALUING

What is the importance of Philippines Theater?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
How can you show your appreciation to the works of the Filipino playwrights?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

POST TEST

DIRECTION: Chose the letter with the correct answer.

1. He is the man behind the famous “Florante at Laura.”
A. Severino Reyes C. Ricardo Abad
B. Francisco Balagtas D. Salvador Bernal

2. He is the “Father of the Tagalog Zarzuela”.

A. Severino Reyes C. Ricardo Abad
B. Francisco Balagtas D. Salvador Bernal
3. A story that underscores the injustice of Spanish rule even as it dances
around cruel fate of the young lovers.
A. Walang Sugat C. Romeo and Juliet
B. Florante at Laura D. Tenyong
4. A Filipino composer dubbed as the “Father of Theater Design in the
Philippines”.
A. Severino Reyes C. Ricardo Abad
BFrancisco Balagtas D. Salvador Bernal
5. Many of his theater productions were classics of Western drama but in
terms of a Filipino and Asian sensibility.
A. Severino Reyes C. Ricardo Abad
B. Francisco Balagtas D. Salvador Bernal

KEY TO CORRECTION

C 5.
D 4.
A 3.
A 2.
B 1.

POST TEST

Francisco Balagtas 5.
Ricardo Abad 4.
3. Carmen Walang Sugat 3.
2. Romeo and Juliet Salvador F. Bernal 2.
1. Oedipus Rex Severino Reyes 1.

RECAP PRETEST
 R E F E R E N CE S

Printed
Music and Arts 9 Learner’s Material, First Edition 2014
Website Readings
https://www.google.com/search?q=ricardo+abad&tbm=isch&ved
https://www.google.com/search?q=francisco+balagtas+wikipedia+tagal
og&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiG9suTzZjuAhUH15QKHQqBCKEQ2-
https://www.google.com/search?q=florante+at+laura&tbm=isch&ved
https://www.google.com/search?q=severino+reyes&tbm=isch&ved
https://natoreyes.wordpress.com/2012/09/14/rebyu-walang-sugat-
pero-malalim-ang-tama/