ORAL COMMUNICATION, QUARTER 2

Name: Jedidiah Rosh K Sison Score:

Grade & Section: Ampere Date: 2/2/21

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 3

I. Introduction

The communication cycle offers a model for communication. In its simplest form,
the cycle consists of a sender/speaker, a message, and a recipient/audience. For the
purposes of speech communication, the speaker is you!
The speaker is perhaps the second most important factor in the speech
communication model, second only to the message (your speech) itself. The relationship
of the speaker to the receiver is very crucial for it will determine how the message will be
delivered. Upon getting an idea about the very important role of the speaker, let this
learning activity sheet help you to be an effective one!

II. Learning Competency

Explains that a shift in speech context, speech style, speech act and communicative
strategy affects the following:
 Relationship of speaker
 Role and responsibilities of the speaker
EN11/12OC-IIab-22.3
EN11/12OC-IIab-22.4

III. Objectives

At the end of this learning material, you are expected to:

1. identify the roles and responsibilities of a speaker;
2. determine some of the roles and responsibilities of a speaker in delivering a
speech; and
3. explain how speech context, speech style, speech act and communicative strategy
affects the speaker and its audience.

IV. Discussion

A speaker is someone who encodes and sends a message to a receiver through a

particular channel. The sender is the initiator of communication.
When you think about how you craft your speech, you are encoding your message.
This does not mean that your speech is laced with cryptic clues for your audience to
determine the meaning and purpose, rather, it gives you a way to think about your speech
in a new light. Your message’s recipient, the audience, will have to decode your message.
With their brainpower, experience, and intellect, they need to make sense of the very
message you are trying to deliver. Therefore, it is so valuable to understand the
importance of your role as speaker, as the initiator of communication in the delivery of
your message.

Role and Responsibilities of the Speaker

1. Conduct an audience analysis – looking to the profile of your target audience.
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2. Determine the purpose of your speech – the purpose for your writing and delivering
the speech can be classified into three – to inform, to entertain, to persuade.
3. Select the topic - The topic is the focal point of your speech, which can be
determined once you have decided on your purpose. If you are free to decide on a topic,
choose one that really interests you.
4. Gather data - The stage where you collect ideas, information, sources, and references
relevant or related to your specific topic. This can be done by visiting the library,
browsing the web, observing a certain phenomenon or event related to your topic, or
conducting an interview or survey. The data that you will gather will be very useful in
making your speech informative, entertaining, or persuasive.
5. Create a speech – One major consideration in developing your speech is the focus or
central idea. Your speech should only have one central idea to be found on the body of
your speech.
6. Rehearsing - It gives you an opportunity to identify what works and what does not
work for you and for your target audience. Some strategies include reading your speech
aloud, recording for your own analysis or for your peers or coaches to give feedback on
your delivery. The best thing to remember at this stage is: “Constant practice makes
perfect.”
7. Interact with your audience - Look your audience members in the eye so they will
feel that they are part of your speech. Use a conversational style more often. This is the
style that is more natural; it is the style that you always use when you express yourself
with your family and friends.

A sample checklist for audience analysis.

Audience Analysis
Age Range 20-35 yrs. Old
Male-Female Ratio 26 Male – 41 Female
Educational Background College Graduates and Undergraduates
Place of Residence (city, province, town) Nueva Ecija
Marital Status Single and Married
Economic Status (Below Average, Below average and average
Average, Above Average)
Language Spoken Tagalog and English
Religious Affiliations/beliefs Roman Catholics

Remember:
 Audience analysis involves identifying the audience and adapting a speech to
their interests, level of understanding, attitudes, and beliefs. Taking an audience-
centered approach is important because a speaker's effectiveness will be
improved if the presentation is created and delivered in an appropriate manner.
 Analyzing your audience will help you discover information that you can use to
build a common ground between you and the members of your audience.
Sample Purpose: The purpose can be general and specific. Study the examples below to
see the differences.

General Purpose Specific Purpose

To inform  To inform Grade 11 students about the process of
conducting an automated student government election
 To inform Grade 11 students about the definition and
relevance of information literacy today
 To inform Grade 11 students about the importance
of effective money management
To entertain  To entertain Grade 11 students with his/her
funny experiences in automated election
 To entertain Grade 11 students with interesting
observations of people who lack information literacy
 To entertain Grade 11 students with the success
stories of the people in the community

To persuade  To persuade the school administrators to switch from

manual to automated student government election
 To persuade Grade 11 students to develop
information literacy skills
 To persuade the school administrators to promote
financial literacy among students

Sample outline in writing a speech.

Introduction 1. As of today, there is an alarming increase of wastes in

our community.
1.1 According to Solid Waste Management Office, if
we do not take immediate action, we might face
more perils caused by natural calamities.
1.2 Now, I am going to talk about how to eliminate
wastes and protect the environment.
Body 2. Improper waste disposal causes environmental
problems.
2.1 Wastes contaminate the soil.
2.2 Wastes contaminate the water.
2.3 Wastes can cause floods.
3. There are ways to eliminate wastes and protect the
environment.
3.1 Reducing, reusing, and recycling can help
eliminate wastes.
3.2 People should start doing these at home.
Conclusion 4. We must act now.
4.1 This solution should be supported by the local
government.
4.2 Let us learn from the lessons in natural calamities
we have experienced.
Guidelines in Speech Writing

1. Keep your words short and simple. Your speech is meant to be heard by your
audience, not read.
2. Avoid jargon, acronyms, or technical words because they can confuse your audience.
3. Make your speech more personal. Use the personal pronoun “I,” but take care not to
overuse it. When you need to emphasize collectiveness with your audience, use the
personal pronoun “we.”
4. Use active verbs and contractions because they add to the personal and
conversational tone of your speech.
5. Be sensitive of your audience. Be very careful with your language, jokes, and
nonverbal cues.
6. Use metaphors and other figures of speech to effectively convey your point.
7. Manage your time well; make sure that the speech falls under the time limit.

V. Activities

A. Let’s Do It!
Directions: Read and analyze the situation given below. On a sheet of paper, copy and
complete the audience analysis table, then answer the questions that follow.

Situation: You are tasked by your teacher to deliver a speech on Covid-19 in your
school’s online advocacy event entitled “Students’ health awareness about Covid-19.”
Based on your knowledge of your school, provide the data needed in accomplishing
your audience analysis.

General Audience Analysis

Age Range
Male-Female Ratio
Educational Background
Place of Residence (city,
province, town)
Marital Status
Economic Status (Below
Average, Average, Above
Average)
Language Spoken
Religious Affiliations/beliefs Christians
16-18 yrs. old
35 Male – 25 Female
Senior High School – Grade 11
Gapan City, Nueva Ecija
Single and in Relationship
Below Average and Average
Tagalog and English

1. How does audience analysis prepare you, as a speaker, to connect to your

audience?
identifying the audience and adapting a speech to their interests, level of
understanding, attitudes, and beliefs helps you to be informed, prepared and
connected to your audience.
 2. Is it important to do an audience analysis before delivering a speech? Why or why
not?

Taking an audience analysis is important because a speaker's effectiveness

will be improved if the presentation is created and delivered appropriately in
relation to the audience. If not taken, there’s a big chance that the speaker’s
message will not get through the audience resulting to unsuccessful
presentation.

VI. Assessment
Directions: Answer the following questions on a sheet of paper.

1. Why is it so valuable to understand the importance of your role as speaker, and

as the initiator of communication in the delivery of your message?
Through their intellectual strength, knowledge, and intelligence, they need
to make sense of the very message that you are wanting to convey. That is
why it is so important to recognize the value of your role as speaker, as the
initiator of communication, in presenting your message.
2. How does analysis of your audience help you in connecting with them during the
delivery of your speech?
By doing an analysis of your audience, you can find common ground with
them, helping you to match your message with what they already understand
or believes.
3. In delivering your speech, what do you think will happen if there is a sudden
change in the following:
a. from lively and active voice to monotone voice,
The audience will lose their interest and focus to the message
b. from informative to directive language, and
Some audience will disagree to the change of delivery
c. from formal to informal delivery of your speech.
The delivery of speech will be more casual and comfortable to some
audience

4. If the event that you deliver your speech in an open venue (gym or court) and not
in an online setting, what will you do as the speaker to keep the attention of your
audience from the beginning up to the end of your speech?
To keep the attention of your audience in motion throughout your whole
speech, share interesting stories and engage your audience in real
appropriate events. Be active throughout the whole speech for them to be
more immersed and interested to the message you are expressing.
5. What communicative strategies are you going to use to make your audience feel
that they are part of your speech? Give at least three examples.
 Nominating a topic of interest among the audience for them to be
familiar with
 Turn taking questions for them to express their own understanding of
the message being talked about
 Shifting from one topic to another for the audience to engage in more
interaction with you as a speaker

Prepared by:

JOBELLE P. RAMOS
Teacher II
San Roque National High School
Senior High School