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Building Code Vocabulary 1
Building Code Vocabulary 1
DEFENITION OF TERMS
Attic Story
Any story situated wholly or part in a roof, so
Aa designed, arranged, or built as to be used for
business, storage, or habitation.
Garage
A building or portion thereof in which a motor Guest Room
vehicle containing gasoline, distillate or other Any or rooms used, or intended to be used by a
volatile, flammable liquid in its tank, is stored, guest for sleeping purposes. Every 9.30 square
repaired, or kept. meters (100 square feet) of superficial floor area
in a dormitory shall be considered to be a guest
Garage, Commercial room.
A garage where automobiles and other motor
vehicles are housed, cared for, equipped,
repaired or kept for renumeration, hire or sale. Hh
Garage, Open Parking Habitable Room
A structure of one or more tiers in height which is Any room meeting the requirements of this Code
at least 50 per cent open on two or more sides for sleeping, living, cooking, or dining purposes,
and is used exclusively for the parking or storage excluding such enclosed spaces as closets,
of passenger motor vehicles having a capacity of pantries, bath or toilet rooms, service rooms,
not more than nine persons per vehicle. connecting corridors, laundries, unfinished attics,
Open parking garages are further classified as storage spaces, cellars, utility rooms, and similar
either ramp access or mechanical-access. Ramp- space.
access open parking garages are those
employing a series of continuously rising floors
permitting the movement of vehicles under their Hall Common
A corridor or passageway used in common by When referred to as structural material, means
all the occupants within a building. brick, stone, terracotta, concrete, iron steel, sheet
metal, or tiles used either singly or in
Hall, Stair combination.
A hall which includes the stair, stair landings, and
Incombustible Roofing
those portions of the common halls through A covering of not less than two thickness of
which it is necessary to pass in going between roofing felt and a good coat of tar and gravel of
the entrance floor and the room. tin, corrugated iron, or other approved fire-
resisting material with standing seam or lap joint.
Heliport
An area of land or water or a structural surface Incombustible Stud Partition
which is used, or intended for use, for the landing A partition plastered on both sides upon metal
and takeoff of helicopters, and any appurtenant lath or wire cloth for the full height, and fire-
areas which are used, or intended for use, for topped between the studs with incombustible
heliport buildings and other heliport facilities. material, 20 centimeters (8 inches) above the
floor and at the ceiling.
Helistop
The same as a heliport except that no refueling,
maintenance, repairs, or storage of helicopters is Ll
permitted.
Line, Building
Hotel The line formed by the intersection of the outer
A building or part thereof with rooms occupied or surface of the inclosing wall of the building and
intended to be occupied for hire as temporary the surface of the ground.
aboding place of individuals with a general
kitchen and public dining room service, but no Lintel
provision for cooking in any individual suite or The beam or girder placed over an opening in a
room. wall, which supports the wall construction above.
Hotel Apartment
An apartment house which may furnish dining Load Dead
room service and other services for the exclusive The weight of the permanent portions of a
use of its tenants. building or structure; it includes the weight of the
walls, permanent partitions, framing, floors, roofs,
and all other permanent and stationary fixtures,
Ii mechanisms, and other construction entering
into and becoming a part of a building or
structure.
Incombustible
As applied to building construction material, a
material which, in the form it is used, is either one Load, Lateral
of the following: That load caused by winds, earthquakes, or other
(a) Materials of which no part will ignite and burn
when subjected to fire; or dynamic forces.
(b) Material having a structural base of
incombustible material as defined in item (a),
Load, Live
above, with a surfacing material not over 3.2
millimeters (1/8 inch) thick which has a flame- The weight of the contents of a building or
spread rating of 50 or less. "Incombustible" does structure; it includes all loads except dead and
not apply to surface finish materials. Material lateral loads, and weight of temporary partitions,
required to be incombustible for reduced clearances cases, counters, and similar equipment, and
to flues, heating appliances, or other materials shall all loads imposed due to the occupancy of the
refer to material conforming to the provisions of this building or structure.
Code. No material shall be classed as
incombustible which is subject to increase
in combustibility or flame-spread rating beyond the Load Occupant
limits herein established, through the effects of age, The total number of persons that may occupy a
moisture, or other atmospheric condition. building or portion thereof at any one time.
Lot Line
The line of demarcation between either public Oo
and private property.
Occupancy
Lot, Open The purpose for which a building shall also
A lot bounded on all sides by street lines. include the building or room housing such use.
Change of occupancy is not intended to include
change of tenants or proprietors.
Lot, Width of
the average horizontal distance between the side
Owner
Any person, company, or corporation owning the
lot lines.
property or properties under consideration or
receivers, trustees, or other duly authorized
Mm persons.
Masonry
A form of construction composed of stone, brick,
Pp
concrete, gypsum, hollow clay tile, concrete block
Panic Hardware
or tile, or other similar building units or materials
A bar which extends across at least one-half the
or combination of these materials laid up unit by
width of each door leaf, which will open the door
unit and set in mortar.
if subjected to pressure.
Masonry, Solid
Partitions
Masonry of solid units built without hollow
An interior subdividing wall.
spaces.
Person
Masonry Unit
A natural person, his heirs, executors,
Brick, block, tile, stone, or other similar building
administrators or assigns, and also includes a
unit or combination thereof, made to be bonded
firm, partnership, or corporation, its or their
successors or assigns or their agents.
swampy, improperly drained, or filled with refuse,
Pier garbage, or filthy materials;
An isolated mass of masonry forming support for
arches columns, girders, lintels, trustees, and (b) Subsurface condition of the site, such as when the
similar structural parts. soil substrata will not support safely a construction
or inadequate filing of an excavation or which a
construction will be undertaken; or
Pilaster (c) Nearness to certain hazardous places such as to
A portion of the wall which projects on one or constitute a danger to the proposed site, such as
both sides and acts as a vertical beam, a column, airports, heliports, or volcanoes.
or both.
Slum: Blighted Area; Eyesore
Plaster, Portland Cement An area where the values of real estate tend to
A mixture of portland cement, or portland cement deteriorate because of the dilapidated,
and lime, and aggregate and other approved obsolescent, and insanitary condition of the
materials as specified in this Code. building within the area. An eyesore is a building
or area which is markedly unpleasant to look at.
Plastics, Approved
Plastic materials which have a flame-spread Soffit
rating of 225 or less. The underside of a beam, lintel or reveal.
Surfaces. Interior
Ww
Surfaces other than weather-exposed surfaces.
Wall, Bearing
A wall which supports any load other than its own
Surface, Weather-Exposed
All surface of walls, ceilings, floors, roofs, soffits, weight.
and similar surfaces exposed to the weather
excepting the following:
Wall, Cross
A term which may be used synonymously with a
(a) Ceiling and roof soffits enclosed by walls or by
beams which extend a minimum of 30 centimeters
partition.
(12 inches) below such ceiling or roof soffits;
Wall, Curtain
(b) Walls or portions of walls within an unenclosed roof The inclosing wall of an iron or steel framework
area, when located a horizontal distance from an or the nonbearing portion of an inclosing wall
exterior opening equal to twice the height of the between piers.
Wall, Dead Window, Oriel
A wall without openings. A projecting window similar to a bay window, but
carried on brackets or corbels. The term "bay
Wall, Exterior window" may also be applied to an oriel window
Any wall or element of a wall or any number or projecting over the street line.
group of members, which defines the exterior
boundaries or courts of a building. Wire Backing
Horizontal strands of tautened wire attached to
Wall, Faced surfaces vertical wood supports which, when
A wall in which the facing and backing are so covered with building paper, provide a backing
bonded together that they act as a composite for portland cement plaster.
element, and exert a common action under load.
Wall, Fire
Yy
Any wall which subdivides a building so as to
resist the spread of fire, by starting at the Yard or Patio
foundation and extending continuously through The vacant space left in a lot between the
all stories to, or above, the roof. Extension above building and the property line.
the roof. is 1.00 meter (3 feet, 3 inches).
Yard, Rear
Wall, Foundation The yard lying between the side lot lines and the
That Portion of an inclosing wall below the first nearest lot line and the nearest building line.
tier of floor joists.
Yard, Side
Wall, Height of The yard lying between the side line and the
The perpendicular distance measured from its nearest building line and between the front and
base line either at the grade or at the top of the the rear yards.
girder to the top of the coping thereon.
Foundation and retaining walls are measured
from the grade downward to the base of the
footing.
Wall, Nonbearing
A wall which supports no lead other than its own
weight.
Wall, Parapet
That part of any wall entirely above the roofline.
Wall, Party
A wall separating two or more buildings, and
used or intended to be used in common by the
said buildings.
Wall, Retaining
Any wall used to resist the lateral displacement of
any material; a subsurface wall built to resist the
lateral pressure of adjoining earth, or enclosing
wall to resist the lateral pressure of internal loads.
Wall, Thickness of
The minimum thickness measured on the bed.
Window
An opening through a wall of a building to the
outside air for the purpose of admitting natural
light and air.