UNIVERSITY OF LA SALETTE, INC.

Santiago City, Philippines

EUGENIO, MC MICKO J.

BSCRIM 2A

MODULE 1-1

Introduction to Organic Chemistry Lecture.

Post assessment Activity

1.1 A famous scientist of the 20th century was Linus Pauling who received
two Nobel prizes during his life. Look up a biography of Pauling and list
his most notable contributions to science. ( 10 points)

 Linus Carl Pauling was born on February 28, 1901, in Portland, Oregon,
the son of a druggist, Herman Henry William Pauling, who was of
German heritage despite being born in Missouri, and his wife, Lucy
Isabelle Darling, who was of English-Scottish ancestry and was born in
Oregon. Linus attended public primary and secondary schools in
Condon and Portland, Oregon, before enrolling at Oregon State College
in 1917 and graduating with a B.Sc. in chemical engineering in 1922.
He worked as a full-time quantitative analysis teacher at the State
College from 1919 to 1920, after which he was appointed a Teaching
Fellow in Chemistry at the California Institute of Technology and
studied there from 1922 to 1925 as a graduate student under
Professors Roscoe G. Dickinson and Richard C. Tolman. He received
his Ph.D. in chemistry (summa cum laude) in 1925, with minors in
physics and mathematics. In 1923, Linus Pauling married Ava Helen
Miller of Beaver Creek, Oregon. She has English, Scottish, and German
ancestors. Linus (Carl) Jr. (1925), Peter Jeffress (1931), Linda Helen
 (1932), and Edward Crellin (1937) are their four children, with thirteen
grandchildren.

Contributions:
  He discovered the cause of sickle cell anemia.
 Developed an accurate oxygen meter for submarines.
 Helped create synthetic plasma.
 He determined the structure of proteins.
 He discovered that proteins takes the shape of an alpha helix.

1.2 Sections 1.2a shows the electronic configuration for the 2nd row
elements. Show the electronic configuration for the third row elements.
Common ions in the 3rd row are Na+1, Mg+2, Al+3, Si+4, P+5, S-2, Cl-1 .
What characteristic of their electronic configurations do these ions share
that accounts for their stability? (10 points)

Element (Atomic Electron Configuration

Number)
Na (11) 1 s2, 2 s2, 2 p6, 3 s1
Mg (12) 1 s2, 2 s2, 2 p6, 3 s2
Al (13) 1 s2, 2 s2, 2 p6, 3 s2, 3 p1
Si (14) 1 s2, 2 s2, 2 p6, 3 s2, 3 p2
P (15) 1 s2, 2 s2, 2 p6, 3 s2, 3 p3
S (16) 1 s2, 2 s2, 2 p6, 3 s2, 3 p4
Cl (17) 1 s2, 2 s2, 2 p6, 3 s2, 3 p5
Ar (18) 1 s2, 2 s2, 2 p6, 3 s2, 3 p6

 The ions Na+1, Mg+2, Al+3,Si+4, P+5 result from the loss of electrons
from the neutral element, giving He, 1s2, 2s2, 2p6 as the stable
electronic configuration. S-2 and Cl-1 are the stable configurations of
Ar, 1s2, 2s2, 2p6 3s23p6, as a result of the neutral element receiving
electrons.
1.3 The dipole moment (µ) of a molecule is the vector sum of the dipole
moments of the individual bonds. In some cases these sums cancel each
other while in other cases they enhance each other. Given the bond moments
of H-C (0.4) and C-Cl (1.5), predict the dipole moment, and thus the polarity,
of CH3Cl, CH2Cl2, CHCl3 and CCl4. (10 points)

1.4 For the compounds below write the complete structure and designate the
bonding in each bond. (5 points each)
a) ethane, CH3CH3

b) b) propene, CH3CH=CH2

c) c) propyne
1.5 Hydrogen bonds in alcohols and carboxylic acids have a bond strength of
8-10 kcal/mole. The energy required to break these bonds explains the
higher by of hydrogen bonded substances. (10 points)

a) Use internet to find the boiling points of the following compounds to see
the effect of hydrogen bonding on the boiling point.( 10 points)
CH3CH2OCH2CH3 versus CH3CH2CH2CH2OH versus CH3CH2COOH

 CH3CH2OCH2CH3

bp 35 °C

CH3CH2CH2CH2OH

bp 114 °C

CH3CH2COOH

bp 141 °C

b) What are the molecular weights for these compounds and how does the
molecular weight affect the bp in them? (10 points)
 The molecular weight of all of them is 74. As a result of their similar
size, van der Waals attractions are the same. Polar attractions and
hydrogen bonding are responsible for the variances in Bp.

1.6 Expand the structures below to show all atoms and unshared electron
pairs. (5 Points Each)
a) b)
O OCH3

(CH3)3CCH=CCH3

COOH O
c) OC-CH3

aspirin
 d) FCCl 3

Freon-11

Answer:

1.7 In your own idea, why do you need to study chemistry? (5 points)

 Chemistry helps me to better understand the things around me. It can

assist me in making educated selections. Is it a fraud or will a product
operate as advertised? I'd be able to tell the difference between
reasonable expectations and sheer fiction if I knew how chemistry
worked. Chemistry teaches abilities that are important in everyday life.
Learning chemistry, as a science, entails learning how to be objective,
reason, and solve issues.

1.8 List down 3things around you where you can find organic compound and
how does it help you in your everyday life?
(5 points each)

 Shampoo – It removes dirt and oily substance on my hair and scalp.

Also, it improves the condition of my hair.
 Vitamins – It helps me to maintain a healthy body and lifestyle. It also
boosts my immune system.
 Paper – It helps me to keep important pieces of information.