29/09/20

GREENFINGERS GLOBAL SCHOOL,

Kharghar.

Sub – Physics
Class- IX
Chapter – Gravitation
Topic – Mass and weight

1
Relation between G and g

According to the second law of motion m

that force is the product of mass and
acceleration.
F = m g ----------- ( 1) where m be the mass of an object
M
on the earth.
According to the universal law of gravitation, the force
between two objects is
F=GM×m (2)
d²
From eqᶯ 1 & 2
We can write,
mg = G M x m
d²

2
Calculate the value of g,
G = 6.7 × 10–11 N m2kg-2, mass of the earth,
M = 6 × 1024 kg, and radius of the earth,
R = 6.4 × 106m.
Ans :

3
 Difference between mass and weight
Mass
• Mass is the quantity of matter
contained in the body.
• Mass can never be zero.
• Mass is a scalar quantity. It has
magnitude
• Mass is commonly measured in
kilograms and grams.
• Mass doesn’t change according to
location
• The mass may be measured using an
ordinary balance
Weight
• Weight is the force of gravity acting on
the body.
• Weight can be zero. As in space if no
gravity acts upon an object, its weight
becomes zero.
• Weight is a vector quantity. It has
magnitude and is directed toward the
center of the Earth or other gravity well.
• Weight is commonly measured in
Newtons.
• Weight varies according to location.
• Weight is measured using a spring
balance.
4
Question 2:
Why is the weight of an object on the moon 1/6th its weight on the earth?
Answer 2:
Let Me be the mass of the Earth and m be an object on the surface of the Earth.
Let Re be the radius of the Earth.
According to the universal law of gravitation,
weight We of the object on the surface of the Earth is given by,

We = G Me x m
Re²
Let Mm and Rm be the mass and radius of the moon.
Then, according to the universal law of gravitation,
weight Wm of the object on the surface of the moon is given by,
Wm = G Mm x m
Rm²
. . Wm / We = MmRe²/ Me Rm²
Where,
Me = 5.98 × 10²⁴kg ,Mm = 7.36 × 10²² kg, Re = 6.4 × 10⁶m,Rm = 1.74 × 10⁶m
7.36 × 10²² × (6.4 × 10⁶ )²
Wm / We =
5.98 × 10²⁴ × (1.74 × 10⁶)²

5
 𝟕.𝟑𝟔 × 𝟏𝟎²² × (𝟔.𝟒 × 𝟏𝟎⁶ )²
Wm / We = 𝟓.𝟗𝟖 × 𝟏𝟎²⁴ × (𝟏.𝟕𝟒 × 𝟏𝟎⁶)²

Therefore, weight of an object on the moon is 1/6 of its weight on the Earth.

6
10. Amit buys few grams of gold at the poles as per the instruction of
one of his friends. He hands over the same when he meets him at the
equator. Will the friend agree with the weight of gold bought? If not,
why? [Hint: The value of g is greater at the poles than at the equator.]