MATHONGO – FORMULA SHEET – INVERSE TRIGO

(a)   sin1 x or   arcsinx denotes the angel whose sine is x and the numerically

smallest angle satisfying the relation x  sin is chosen as the principal value.

 
 1  x  1 and  
2 2

(b)   cos1 x or   arccosx denotes the angel whose cosine is x.

 1  x  1 and 0    

(c)   tan1 x or   arctanx denotes the smallest angle whose tangent is x.

 
 
2 2

Relations between inverse functions


(a) sin1 x  cos1 x 
2


tan1 x  cot1 x 
2


cosec 1 x  sec  1 x 
2

(b) If x > 0

 1  1
cosec1 x  sin1  cos1 x  sec 1 
x x

 1  1
sin1 x  cosec1  cot1 x  tan1 
x x

 1  1
sec 1 x  cos1  tan1 x  cot1 
x x

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MATHONGO – FORMULA SHEET – INVERSE TRIGO

(c) When x and y are positive:

 xy 
tan1 x  tan1 y  tan1  if xy < 1 and
 1 xy 

 xy 
tan1 x  tan1 y    tan1  if xy > 1
 1 xy 

 xy 
tan1 x  tan1 y  tan1 
 1 xy 

(d) sin1 x  sin1 y  sin1[x 1 y 2  y 1 x 2 ]

cos1 x  cos1 y  cos1[xy  1 x 2 1 y 2 ]

sin1 x  sin1 y  sin1[x 1 y 2  y 1 x 2 ]

cos1 x  cos1 y  cos1[xy  1 x 2 1 y 2 ]

 2x  1 1 x 
  tan1 2x 2 
2
(e) 2 tan1  sin1   cos 
 1 x   2 
 1 x   1 x 
2

(f) (i)  
sin sin1 x  x if  1  x  1 and sin1sin   if 

2


2

(ii)  
cos cos1 x  x if  1  x  1 and cos1cos   if 0    

(iii)  
tan tan1 x  x if    x   and tan1tan    if 

2


2

(iv)  
cot cot1 x  x if    x   and cot1cot   if 0    

(v)  
sec sec 1 x  x if | x |  1 and sec 1sec    if 0     and  

2

(vi)  
cosec cosec1 x  x if | x |  1 and cosec1cosec   if 0 and

 
 
2 2

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