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Atomic Structure & The Periodic Table 3 QP
Atomic Structure & The Periodic Table 3 QP
electron
l
proton 1
n 0
[3]
(i) Atoms contain charged particles but they are electrically neutral because they
have no overall charge.
[2]
[2]
[2]
(iv) Scientists are certain that there are no undiscovered elements missing from the
Periodic Table from hydrogen to lawrencium.
[1]
[Total: 10]
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2 Use your copy of the periodic table to help you answer these questions.
(c) Draw a diagram showing the arrangement of the valency electrons in one molecule of
the covalent compound nitrogen trichloride.
[2]
[2]
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(e) Fluorine and astatine are halogens. Use your knowledge of the other halogens to
predict the following:
[2]
[Total 15]
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3 The table below gives the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in atoms or ions.
C 1 18 22
D 1 18 16
E 1 10 14
(a) Complete the table. The first line is given as an example. [6]
(b) Which atom in the table is an isotope of the atom which has the composition 11p, 11e
and 14n? Give a reason for your choice.
[2]
[Total: 8]
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4 Strontium and zinc are both metals with a valency of 2. Strontium is more reactive than zinc.
Its chemistry is similar to that of calcium.
(a)
a) Complete the following table that shows the number of protons, electrons and
neutrons in each particle.
particle
article electrons neutrons
88
Sr
90
Sr
65
Zn2+
[3]
[1]
2 18 + + [1]
[2]
[1]
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(c) The major ore of strontium is its carbonate, SrCO3. Strontium is extracted by the
electrolysis of its molten chloride.
(i) Name the reagent that will react with the carbonate to form the chloride.
[1]
(ii) The electrolysis of molten strontium chloride produces strontium metal and
chlorine. Write ionic equations for the reactions at the electrodes.
(iii) One of the products of the electrolysis of concentrated aqueous strontium chloride
is chlorine. Name the other two.
[2]
(i) Write a word equation for the reaction of zinc and water and state the reaction
conditions.
conditions [2]
(ii) Write an equation for the reaction of strontium with water and give the reaction
condition.
equation [2]
condition [1]
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5 The table below includes information about some of the elements in Period 2.
(a) Why does neon exist as single atoms but fluorine exists as molecules?
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
N2(l) → N2(g)
The boiling point of nitrogen is very low even though the bond between the atoms in a
nitrogen molecule is very strong. Suggest an explanation.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(d) Draw a diagram showing the arrangement of the outer shell (valency) electrons in a
molecule of nitrogen.
[2]
[Total: 7]
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6 Carbonyl chloride, COCl 2, is widely used in industry to make polymers, dyes and
pharmaceuticals.
(a) Carbonyl chloride was first made in 1812 by exposing a mixture of carbon monoxide and
chlorine to bright sunlight. This is a photochemical reaction.
....................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [2]
(ii) Give another example of a photochemical reaction and explain why it is important
either to the environment or in industry.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [3]
(b) Carbonyl chloride is now made by the reversible reaction given below.
(i) Predict the effect on the yield of carbonyl chloride of increasing the pressure.
Explain your answer.
....................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [2]
(ii) If the temperature is allowed to increase to above 200 °C, very little carbonyl chloride
is formed. Explain why.
....................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [2]
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
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(c) The structural formula of carbonyl chloride is given below.
Cl
C O
Cl
Draw a diagram showing the arrangement of the outer (valency) electrons in one molecule
of this covalent compound.
[3]
[Total: 13]
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com