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Mathematics P1 Feb-March 2016 Eng & Afr Memo
Mathematics P1 Feb-March 2016 Eng & Afr Memo
za/matric
NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE
GRADE 12/GRAAD 12
MATHEMATICS P1/WISKUNDE V1
FEBRUARY/MARCH/FEBRUARIE/MAART 2016
MEMORANDUM
MARKS: 150
PUNTE: 150
NOTE:
• If a candidate answers a question TWICE, only mark the FIRST attempt.
• Consistent accuracy applies in ALL aspects of the marking memorandum.
LET WEL:
• Indien 'n kandidaat 'n vraag TWEE keer beantwoord, sien slegs die EERSTE poging na.
• Volgehoue akkuraatheid is op ALLE aspekte van die memorandum van toepassing.
QUESTION/VRAAG 1
1.1.1 x 2 − x − 12 = 0
factors
(x − 4)(x + 3) = 0
x = 4 or x = − 3 answers
(3)
OR/OF
x 2 − x − 12 = 0
− b ± b 2 − 4ac substitution
x=
2a into formula
− (−1) ± (−1) 2 − 4(1)(−12)
= answers
2(1)
(3)
= 4 or − 3
1.1.2 x(x + 3) − 1 = 0
standard form
x 2 + 3x − 1 = 0
− b ± b 2 − 4ac
x=
2a
− 3 ± 32 − 4(1)(−1) substitution
=
2(1) into correct
formula
− 3 ± 13
= answer
2 (3)
1.1.3 x(4 − x ) < 0
x < 0 or x > 4 x<0
0 4 x>4
or
OR/OF
(3)
+ – +
x(4 − x ) < 0 x<0
0 x>4
x( x − 4 ) > 0
4
0 4 OR/OF or
x < 0 or x > 4 (3)
1.1.4 a2 + a − 2
x= (a + 2 )(a − 1)
a −1
=
(a + 2 )(a − 1)
a −1 answer (check
ten eights
=a+2
written)/tien
= 888 888 888 890 agtstes geskryf
(2)
1.2 y + 7 = 2x
y = 2 x − 7 ..........(1)
y = 2x − 7
x 2 − xy + 3 y 2 = 15
substitute (1) in (2) :
x 2 − x(2 x − 7 ) + 3(2 x − 7 ) = 15 substitution
2
( )
x 2 − 2 x 2 + 7 x + 3 4 x 2 − 28 x + 49 = 15
x 2 − 2 x 2 + 7 x + 12 x 2 − 84 x + 147 − 15 = 0
standard form
11x 2 − 77 x + 132 = 0
x 2 − 7 x + 12 = 0 factorisation
( x − 3)( x − 4) = 0
x-values
x=3 or x=4
y = 2(3) − 7 y = 2(4) − 7
y = −1 y =1 y-values
OR/OF (6)
y + 7 = 2x
y+7
y+7 x=
x= ..........(1) 2
2
x 2 − xy + 3 y 2 = 15 ..........(2)
substitute (1) in (2) :
substitution
y+7 y+7
2
− y + 3 y = 15
2
2 2
y + 14 y + 49 y 2 + 7 y
2
− + 3 y 2 = 15
4 2
y + 14 y + 49 − 2 y − 14 y + 12 y 2 − 60 = 0
2 2
11 y 2 − 11 = 0 standard form
y2 −1 = 0 factorisation
( y − 1)( y + 1) = 0
y = −1 y =1 y-values
−1+ 7 1+ 7
x= x=
2 2 x-values
x=3 x=4 (6)
1.3 1
y = x+
x
xy = x + 1
2
x 2 − xy + 1 = 0
x − xy + 1 = 0
2
Since x is real, this equation has real roots./Omdat x reëel is, het die ∆ ≥ 0
vergelyking reële wortels.
∆≥0 y2 − 4
y −4≥0
2
factors
( y − 2)( y + 2) ≥ 0
+ – +
OR/ –2 2
–2 2 OF y ≤ −2
y≥2
y ≤ −2 or y ≥ 2 (6)
[23]
QUESTION/VRAAG 2
2.1.1 –2 0 3 7 12
2 3 4 5
1 1 1
The next term of the sequence is 12./Die volgende term in die ry answer
is 12. (1)
2.1.2 2a = 1
1
a= value of a
2
3a + b = T2 − T1
1
1 3 + b = 2
3 + b = 2 2
2
1
b=
2 value of b
a + b + c = T1
1 1
1 1
+ + c = −2 + + c = −2
2 2 2 2
c = −3
1 2 1 value of c
∴Tn = n + n − 3
2 2 (5)
OR/OF
2a = 1
1
a= value of a
2
Tn = an 2 + bn + c
1 1
−2= + b + c...............T1 −2 = +b+c
2 2
5
b + c = − .........................line 1
2
0 = 2 + 2b + c................T2 0 = 2 + 2b + c
2b + c = −2.........................line 2
line 2 – line 1:
1 value of b
b=
2
substitute in line 1 or substitute in line 2
1 5 1
+c = − 2 + c = −2
2 2 2
c = −3 value of c
1 1
∴Tn = n 2 + n − 3 (5)
2 2
OR/OF
(n − 1)(n − 2)
Tn = T1 + (n − 1)d1 + d2
2
(n − 1)(n − 2) formula
= −2 + (n − 1)(2) + (1)
2
1
= −2 + 2n − 2 + (n 2 − 3n + 2)( )
2 substitution
1 2 3
= −2 + 2n − 2 + n − n + 1
2 2
value of a
1 1 value of b
= n2 + n − 3
2 2 value of c
OR/OF (5)
2a = 1
a=
1 value of a
2
3a + b = T2 − T1
1 1
3 + b = 2 3 + b = 2
2 2
1
b= value of b
2
T0 = c = −3 T0 = c
1 1 value of c
∴ Tn = n 2 + n − 3
2 2 (5)
OR/OF
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Since T 2 = 0, (n − 2 ) is a factor of T n
Tn = an 2 + bn + c
= a(n − 2 )(n − k )
T1 = − 2 = a(1 − 2 )(1 − k )
− 2 = − a(1 − k )
Tn = a(n − 2)(n − k )
2
a=
1− k
− 2 = a(1 − 2 )(1 − k )
T3 = 3 = a(3 − 2 )(3 − k )
3 = a(3 − k )
3 3 = a(3 − 2 )(3 − k )
a=
3−k
2 3
=
1− k 3 − k
2(3 − k ) = 3(1 − k )
6 − 2k = 3 − 3k
k = −3
1
a= value of k
2
Tn = (n − 2 )(n + 3)
1
2 value of a
1 2 1
= n + n−3 (5)
2 2
2.1.3 1 2 1 1 n 2 + 1 n − 3 = 322
n + n − 3 = 322 2 2
2 2
n + n − 6 = 644
2
answer
OR/OF (4)
1 2 1
n + n − 3 = 322 1 n 2 + 1 n − 3 = 322
2 2 2 2
n 2 + n − 6 = 644
n 2 + n − 650 = 0
standard form
(n − 25)(n + 26) = 0
n = 25 or n = −26 factors
The 25th term has a value of 322./Die 25ste term se waarde is 322. answer
(4)
OR/OF
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1 2 1 1 n 2 + 1 n − 3 = 322
n + n − 3 = 322 2 2
2 2
n + n − 6 = 644
2
(n + 3)(n − 2 )
(n + 3)(n − 2) = 23 × 28 23× 28
n − 2 = 23
n = 25
answer
(4)
2.2.1 T2 : a+d =8 a + d = 8
T5 : a + 4d = 10 a + 4d = 10
T5 − T2 : 3d = 2
2
d= answer
3
(3)
2.2.2 T1 = T2 − d
2
=8−
3
22
22 T1 =
= 3
3
Tn = a + (n − 1)d
+ (n − 1)
22 2
=
3 3
2n + 20
= answer
3 (2)
50
22 2
S 50 = ∑ + (n − 1)
n =1 3 3
OR/OF
50
2n + 20
S 50 = ∑
n =1 3 (2)
2.2.3
Sn =
n
[2a + (n − 1)d ]
2
correct substitution
50 22 2
S 50 = 2 + (50 − 1) into correct formula
2 3 3
3550 answer
= (3)
3
[18]
QUESTION/VRAAG 3
3.1 70
r=
100
7
=
10 value of r
Tn = ar n −1
n −1
7 substitution in
11,76 = 100
10 formula for Tn
n −1
7 11,76
=
10 100
11,76
n − 1 = log 7 .
10 100 use of logarithms
n −1 = 6
n=7 answer
During the 7th year/In die 7de jaar (4)
OR/OF
70
r=
100
7
= value of r
10
Tn = ar n −1
11,76 = 100(0,7 ) substitution in
n −1
formula for Tn
11,76
0,7 n −1 =
100
= 0,1176
(n − 1) log 0,7 = log 0,1176 use of logarithms
log 0,1176
n −1 =
log 0,7
n −1 = 6
n=7 answer
During the 7th year/In die 7de jaar (4)
3.2 h(n ) = 130 + (100 + 70 + 49 + ...to n terms) 130
= 130 +
(
100 1 − (0,7 )
n
)
100 + 70 + 49 + ...to n terms
1 − 0,7
= 130 +
(
100 1 − (0,7 )
n
)
answer
0,3
(3)
3.3 Eventual height of the tree/Uiteindelike hoogte van die boom 100
130 +
= 130 +
100 1 − 0,7
1 − 0,7
1390 answer
= 463,33 mm OR mm (3)
3
[10]
QUESTION/VRAAG 4
4.1 (0 ; 2) answer
(1)
4.2
y
shape
(0; 2 )
(0; 2)
y =1
asymptote
x
(3)
4.3 f (− 2 ) = 5 f (− 2 ) = 5
f (1) =
3
f (1) = 2 −1 + 1 =
3
2 2
f (1) − f (− 2 )
Average gradient =
1 − (− 2 )
3
−5
= 2
3
7 answer
=− (3)
6
4.4 Since the asymptote of f is y = 1 ,
the asymptote of h( x ) = 3 f (x ) will be y = 3 .
answer
Omdat die asimptoot van f y = 1 is,
(1)
sal die asimptoot van h( x ) = 3 f (x ) y = 3 wees. [8]
QUESTION/VRAAG 5
5.1 y = a( x + p )2 + q
Turning point (1 ; − 8) : y = a( x − 1)2 − 8 y = a(x − 1) − 8
2
5.2 Asymptote is y = −2 ⇒ d = −2 d = −2
Substitute (1; − 8) :
k
−8 = −2
1+ r
k = −6(1 + r ) k = −6 − 6r
k = −6 − 6r ……………….line 1
Substitute (0 ; − 4 ) :
k
−4= −2
r
k
= −2
r k = −2r
k = −2r …………..………line 2
Equating lines 1 and 2: − 6 − 6r = −2r
− 6 − 6r = −2r
− 4r = 6
3 value of r
r=−
2
5.5 y = −x + c y = −x + c
3
Substitute the intersection point of the asymptotes, i.e. ; − 2 :
2
3
3 −2= − +c
Vervang die snypunt van die asimptote, m.a.w. ; − 2 : 2
2
3
−2=− +c
2
c=−
1 answer
2 (3)
1
y = −x −
2
OR/OF
3
y = − x is translated units right and 2 units down/
2 y = −x
3
y = − x transleer eenhede na regs en 2 eenhede na onder ⇒
2
y = − x − − 2
3
3 2
y = − x − − 2
2 answer
1 (3)
y = −x −
2
5.6 By symmetry,
3 3
Q = + 8 − 2; − 2 + − 1 15
2 2 x=
2
15 3
= ;− 3
2 2 y=−
2
(2)
[19]
QUESTION/VRAAG 6
6.1 1 2
f : y= x
4
1
f −1 : x = y 2 interchanging x and
4 y
y = 4x
2
y2 = 4x
y = ± 4x
−1 −1
f ( x) = − 4 x OR/OF f ( x) = −2 x
answer
(3)
y
6.2
both graphs pass
f
through (0 ; 0)
(-2; 1)
x
shape for both
one additional
(1; -2) point on both graphs
f -1
(3)
6.3 Yes. No value of x in the domain of f -1 maps onto more than one yes
y-value. reason
Ja. Geen waarde van x in die definisieversameling van f -1 (2)
assosieer met meer as een y-waarde nie.
OR/OF
QUESTION/VRAAG 7
2×4
n = 8
2,5 2×4
= 50001 + 50001 + 2,5
100 100
= R 6 092,01 answer
(3)
7.2.1
Pv =
[
x 1 − (1 + i )
−n
]
i
0,14
0,14 − n i =
10 000 1 − 1 + 12
12 substitute into
800 000 = present value formula
0,14
12
−n
800 000 0,14 0,14
× = 1 − 1 +
10 000 12 12
−n
0,14 800 000 0,14
1 + = 1− ×
−n
0,14
1 + = 1−
800 000 0,14
×
12 10 000 12 12 10 000 12
0,14
800000 × 12
log 1 −
10000 use of logs
−n =
0,14
log1 +
12
n = 233,4699962
Motloi can make 233 withdrawals of R10 000./Motloi kan 233
onttrekkings van R10 000 maak. 233
(5)
7.2.2
(a) 0,14
48 n = 48 in both formulae
10 000 1 + − 1 0,14
0,14
48
12 i = in both formulae
A - Fv = 800 0001 + − 12
12 0,14 substitution into
12 both formulae
= 1 396 005 ,54 − 638 577,36
= R 757 428 answer
(4)
OR/OF
Pv =
[
x 1-(1 + i )−
n
] n = –185,46996…
0,14
i i =
0,14 −185, 4699962... 12
100001 − 1 +
12 0,14 −185, 4699962...
100001 − 1 +
=
12
0,14
0,14
12 12
answer
= R 757 428
(4)
7.2.2 Let the purchase price of the house be y./Laat die koopprys van
(b) die huis y wees.
757 428
= 30%
y
757 428 = 0,3 y
757 428
y=
0,3 answer
= R2 524 760 (1)
OR/OF
Let the purchase price of the house be y./Laat die koopprys van
die huis y wees.
answer
757 428
y= × 100
30
= R2 524 760 (1)
[14]
QUESTION/VRAAG 8
8.1 f ( x + h) = −( x + h) 2 + 4 = −( x 2 + 2 xh + h 2 ) + 4
= − x 2 − 2 xh − h 2 + 4 finding f ( x + h)
f ( x + h) − f ( x) = −2 xh − h 2
− 2 xh − h 2
f ( x + h) − f ( x )
f ′( x) = lim formula
h →0 h
− 2 xh − h 2
= lim
h →0 h
h(−2 x − h)
= lim factorisation
h →0 h
= lim(− 2 x − h )
h →0
= −2 x answer
(5)
OR/OF
f ( x + h) − f ( x )
f ′( x) = lim formula
h →0 h
= lim
(
− ( x + h) 2 + 4 − − x 2 + 4 )
h →0 h
− x − 2 xh − h 2 + 4 + x 2 − 4
2
finding f ( x + h)
= lim
h →0 h
− 2 xh − h 2
− 2 xh − h 2
= lim
h →0 h
h(− 2 x − h) )
= lim factorisation
h →0 h
= lim(− 2 x − h )
h →0
= −2 x answer
(5)
8.2.1 y = 3 x 2 + 10 x
dy 6x
= 6 x + 10 10
dx (2)
8.2.2 3
2
f ( x) = x −
x
9
9 x2 − 6 +
= x2 − 6 + 2 x2
x
= x − 6 + 9 x −2
2
9 x −2
f ′( x) = 2 x − 18 x −3 2 x − 18 x −3
(3)
6 x 2 − 46 x + 80 = 0 f ′( x ) = 0
3 x 2 − 23 x + 40 = 0
(3x − 8)(x − 5) = 0 factors
8
x= or x = 5 x-values
3
(4)
8.3.4
y (2,67 ; y)
6 x
2 3,5
(5 ; y) x-intercepts
f y-intercept
shape
-84
(3)
8.3.5 6 x − 46 x + 80 = 40
2
6 x − 46 x + 80 = 40
2
6 x − 46 x + 40 = 0
2
3 x 2 − 23 x + 20 = 0
(3x − 20)(x − 1) = 0 factors
20
x= or x = 1 x =1
3
But x must be an integer, so x = 1 at the point where tangent
touches f /x moet heelgetal wees so x = 1 by punt waar die
raaklyn f raak: y-value
QUESTION/VRAAG 9
r=3
680
cm or 3,78 cm answer
4π (4)
[8]
QUESTION/VRAAG 10
10.2.1 6! 6!
= 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 ×1
= 720 answer
(2)
10.2.2 number of ways Xoliswa sits next to Anees/
getal maniere waarop Xoliswa langs Anees sit
5!× 2
= 5!× 2
answer
= 240 (2)
OR/OF