Surviving Chemistry

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Atomic Structure

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Worksheets for High School Chemistry

 .

Atomic Structure Worksheets

One Concept at a Time

Worksheets for High School Chemistry from our
“Workbook”

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 .
Worksheet 8: Historical development of atoms Topic 3: The atomic structure

Set A: Historical atomic models Objective: To test your knowledge of historical atomic models

Draw and briefly describe each historical model of the atom.

1. Hard sphere model

2. Plum-pudding model

3. Empty space model

4. Bohr’s model

5. Wave mechanical model

6. State two conclusions of the Gold foil experiment.

7. State conclusions of the Cathode ray experiment.

Copyright©2010 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved. e3chemistry.com 17

 Worksheet 9: The Atomic Structures . Topic 3

Set A: Terms and definitions Objective: By defining these words, you will become more familiar with
atomic structure related terms and their definitions.

Define, neatly and clearly, the following atomic structure related terms.

1. Nucleus

2. Neutron

3. Proton

4. Electron

5. Nucleons

6. Atomic number

7. Mass number

8. Atomic mass

9. Isotopes

10. Atomic mass unit

Set B: The Subatomic Particles Objective: To test your knowledge of facts related to the
three subatomic particles

Complete the table below

Subatomic particles Symbol Mass Charge Location

11.
Proton

12.
Electron

13.
Neutron

18 From “Surviving Chemistry: Workbook” e3chemistry.com

Worksheet 9 . Topic 3

Set C: Determining number of atomic particles Objective: To test your ability to determine number
of particles in an atom .

14. Complete the table below based on information provided for each atom. All the atoms are neutral.

Protons electrons Neutrons Mass Atomic Nuclear Nucleons Element’s

Number number charge symbol
Atom A 44 102

Atom B 84 125

Atom C 56 Mn

Atom D 89 229

Atom E 30 +28

Atom F 92 233

Atom G 82 Ba

Set D: Isotope symbols Objective: To test your ability to relate isotope symbol to number
of particles in an atom

15. Complete the table below based on information provided for each atom/ All the atoms are neutral.

Isotope Protons electrons neutrons Mass Atomic Nuclear Nucleons Nucleus

symbol number number charge Diagram

Atom H 142
Pr
59

Atom I 31 +27

Atom J 243
Am
95

Atom K 77 194

Atom L 80
Se

22 p
Atom M
26 n

Copyright©2010 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved. e3chemistry.com 19

Worksheet 10: Atomic Mass . Topic 3
Set A: Calculating atomic mass Objective: To test your ability to calculate atomic mass of an element
from relative abundance and mass numbers of its isotopes

Calculate the atomic mass for each element given the relative percentages and the mass numbers of
the isotopes. Show ALL set up and work.
Need help? Study Book pg 38 – 40 Set 12 - 17
1) 19.78 % of 10B

11
80.22% of B

39
2) 93.12 % of K

41
6.88 % of K

24
3) 78.70 % of Mg

25
10.13 % of Mg

26
11.17 % of Mg

70
4) 80.0% of X

69
12.25% of X

68
7.75% of X

5) A sample of chlorine contains 75% of chlorine-35 and 25% of chlorine-37. What is the atomic mass of
chlorine? show work.

6) Element X has two naturally occurring isotopes. If 72% of the atoms have a mass of 85 amu
and 28% of the atoms have a mass of 87 amu, what is the atomic mass of element X. Show work.

7) The atomic mass of an element is dependent upon what two factors?

20 From “Surviving Chemistry: Workbook” e3chemistry.com

 .
Worksheet 11: Bohr’s atomic model and electron configuration Topic 3
Set A: Drawing Bohr’s atomic model Objective: To test your ability to obtain information from
electron configuration, and to draw Bohr’s atomic model.
Based on information from the Periodic Table, answer questions in each box about the given element.
Then draw Bohr’s atomic model for the element.

1. Magnesium - 25 2. Neon - 21
Electron configuration: Electron configuration:
Number of electron shells: ____ Number of electron shells: ____
Valance shell: : ____ Valance shell: : ____
Number of valance electrons: ____ Number of valance electrons: ____

Draw Bohr’s atomic model for magnesium-25. Draw Bohr’s atomic model for neon-21.
Indicate appropriate number of particles in the Indicate appropriate number of particles in the
nucleus, and electrons (-) in electron shells. nucleus, and electrons (-) in electron shells.

3. Rubidium - 86
Electron configuration:
Number of electron shells: ____
Valance shell: : ____
Number of valance electrons: ____
Draw Bohr’s atomic model for rubidium-86.
Indicate appropriate number of particles in the
nucleus, and electrons (-) in electron shells.
4. Selenium - 78
Electron configuration:
Number of electron shells: ____
Valance shell: : ____
Number of valance electrons: ____
Draw Bohr’s atomic model for selenium-78.
Indicate appropriate number of particles in the
nucleus, and electrons (-) in electron shells.

Copyright©2010 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved. e3chemistry.com 21

Worksheet 11 . Topic 3
Set B: Electron configurations Objective: To test your ability to interpret electron configuration
Excited and Ground States

Electron configurations for six atoms are given. Complete information about each neutral atom on the
table .

Electron Total number Total Electron Excited or Atom’s

configuration of electrons number of shell with ground symbol
electron the highest state
shells energy
electrons
5.
Atom A 2–8–4

6.
Atom B 2–3–1

7.
Atom C 2–8–7–1

8. Atom D 2 – 8 – 18 – 6

9. Atom E 2 – 8 – 18 – 17 – 5

10. Atom F 1- 7

Set C: Electron transition Objective: To test your ability to interpret electron transition in atoms

Below, electron transitions from one electron shell to another are given for four different atoms.
Answer questions 11 - 16 based on the electron transition in these atoms.

Atom G: 3rd shell ----------------- > 2nd shell Atom I: 4th shell-------------------- > 6th shell

Atom H: 1st shell --------------- > 4th shell Atom J: 5th shell ------------------ > 3rd shell

11. In which atom or atoms are energy absorbed during the electron transition?

12. In which atom or atoms are energy released during the electron transition?

13. In which atom or atoms are spectral lines observed?

14. In which atom is the greatest amount of energy absorbed?

15. In which atom is the greatest amount of energy released?

16. In atom G, compare the energy of the electron in the 3rd shell to that of the electron in the 2nd shell.

22 From “Surviving Chemistry: Workbook” e3chemistry.com

 Worksheet 11 . Topic 3

Set D: Bright-line spectra Objective: To test your ability to analyze bright-line spectra chart

Below, bright-line spectral chart for five elements and four unknown samples are given.
Answer questions 17 - 21 based on the information given in the chart.

7500 7000 6500 6000 5500 5000 4500 4000

wavelength: A (10-10 m)
Lithium (Li)

Sodium (Na)

Helium (He)

Potassium(K)

Cadmium(Cd)

Hydrogen (H)

Unknown W

Unknown X

Unknown Y

Unknown Z

17. List all elements present in unknown sample W .

18. List all elements present in unknown sample X .

19. List all elements present in unknown sample Y.

20. List all elements present in unknown sample Z.

21. Explain, in terms of electron transition, how bright-line spectra are produced by atoms.

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 Worksheet 12 : Neutral atoms and ions . Topic 3

Set A: Terms and definitions Objective: By defining these words , you’ll become more familiar
with terms and definitions related to ions and neutral atoms.

Define the terms and answer questions below. Be neat and clear.

1. Neutral atom

2. Ion

3. Positive ion

4. Negative ion

5. Valance electron

Set B: Comparisons in ions and neutral atoms Objective: To test your knowledge of facts related
of ions and neutral atoms
Answer the followings in one clear sentence.

6. Compare the number of electrons to the number of protons in a neutral atom.

7. Compare the number of electrons of a positive ion to that of the neutral atom.
Include both positive ion and neutral atom in your answer.

8. Compare the number of electrons of a negative ion to that of the neutral atom.
Include both negative ion and neutral atom in your answer.

9. Compare the number of protons to the number of electrons in a positive ion.

Include both protons and electrons in your answer.

10. Compare the number of protons to the number of electrons in a negative ion.
Include both protons and electrons in your answer.

11. Compare the size of a positive ion to that of the neutral atom.
Include both positive ion and neutral atom in your answer.

12. Compare the size of a negative ion to that of the neutral atom.
Include both negative ion and neutral atom in your answer.

24 From “Surviving Chemistry: Workbook” e3chemistry.com

 Worksheet 12 . Topic 3
Set C: Particles in atoms and ions Objective: To test your ability to determine information
from atomic and ionic symbols.

Below, symbol of an atom or ion is given. Complete the table below based on the symbol given
Atom and Ion Atomic Number of Number of Number of Electron configuration
symbols number protons electrons neutrons

13.
C
14.
C 4-
15.
Sr
16.
Sr2+

17. 27
Al
18. 27
Al3+

19. 31P

20. 31 -3
P

Set D: Determining charge of atom. Objective: To test your ability to determine charge of
atoms based on the number of subatomic particles
Determine the charge of each atom based on information given.

21. Atom A: 46 protons, 61 neutrons, 42 electrons. Charge =

22. Atom B: mass number of 209, nuclear charge of 83, and 81 electrons: Charge =

23. Atoms C: nuclear charge of 32, 36 electrons , 39 neutron Charge =

24. Atoms D: 54 electrons, 122 nucleons, atomic number 51 Charge =

25. Atom E: 28 neutrons, nuclear charge of 22, 20 electrons Charge =

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Answers
 .
Worksheet 8: Historical development of atoms Topic 3: The atomic structure

Set A: Historical atomic models Objective: To test your knowledge of historical atomic models

Draw and briefly describe each historical model of the atom.

1. Hard sphere model

2. Plum-pudding model

3. Empty space model

4. Bohr’s model

5. Wave mechanical model

6. State two conclusions of the Gold foil experiment.

. Atom is mostly empty space
.The center of the atom is dense, small, and positively charged

7. State conclusions of the Cathode ray experiment.

. One of the particles in atoms is negatively charge
. Negative and positive charged particles are disperses through the atom

Copyright©2011 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved. 17

 Worksheet 9: The Atomic Structures . Topic 3

Set A: Terms and definitions Objective: By defining these words, you will become more familiar with
atomic structure related terms and their definitions.

Define, neatly and clearly, the following atomic structure related terms.

1. Nucleus

2. Neutron

3. Proton

4. Electron

5. Nucleons

6. Atomic number

7. Mass number

8. Atomic mass

9. Isotopes

10. Atomic mass unit

Set B: The Subatomic Particles Objective: To test your knowledge of facts related to the
three subatomic particles

Complete the table below

Subatomic particles Symbol Mass Charge Location

11. 1
Proton p 1 +1 Nucleus
+1

12. 0
Electron e 0 -1 Orbital (outside
-1
nucleus)

13.
Neutron 1n 1 0 nucleus
0
18 Copyright © 2011 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved.
Worksheet 9 . Topic 3

Set C: Determining number of atomic particles Objective: To test your ability to determine number
of particles in an atom .

14. Complete the table below based on information provided for each atom. All the atoms are neutral.

Protons electrons Neutrons Mass Atomic Nuclear Nucleons Element’s

Number number charge symbol
Atom A 44 44 58 102 44 +44 102 Ru

Atom B 84 84 125 209 84 +84 209 Po

Atom C 25 25 31 56 25 +25 56 Mn

Atom D 89 89 140 229 89 +89 229 Ac

Atom E 28 28 30 58 28 +28 58 Ni

Atom F 92 92 141 233 92 +92 233 U

Atom G 56 56 82 138 56 +56 138 Ba

Set D: Isotope symbols Objective: To test your ability to relate isotope symbol to number
of particles in an atom

15. Complete the table below based on information provided for each atom/ All the atoms are neutral.

Isotope Protons electrons neutrons Mass Atomic Nuclear Nucleons Nucleus

symbol number number charge Diagram

Atom H 142
Pr 83 142 59 +59 142 59 p
59 59 83 n
59

Atom I 58 31 +27 58 27 p
Ce 27 27 58 27
27 31 n

243 95 p
Atom J Am 95 95 148 243 95 +95 243 148 n
95

194 77 p
Atom K 77 117 194 77 +77 194
77 Ir 77
117 n

80 34 p
Atom L Se 34 34 46 80 34 +34 80 46 n

48 22 p
Atom M
22 V 22 22 26 48 22 +22 48 26 n
Copyright©2011 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved. 19
Worksheet 10: Atomic Mass . Topic 3
Set A: Calculating atomic mass Objective: To test your ability to calculate atomic mass of an element
from relative abundance and mass numbers of its isotopes

Calculate the atomic mass for each element given the relative percentages and the mass numbers of
the isotopes. Show ALL set up and work.
Need help? Study Book pg 38 – 40 Set 12 - 17
1) 19.78 % of 10B .1978 x 10 = 1.978
+ = 10.8022 amu
11
80.22% of B .8022 x 11 = 8.8242

39
2) 93.12 % of K .9312 x 39 = 36.3168
+ = 39.1376 amu
41
6.88 % of K .0688 x 41 = 2.8208

24
3) 78.70 % of Mg .7870 x 24 = 18.888
+
10.13 % of 25
Mg .1013 x 25 = 2.5325 = 24.3247 amu
+
26
11.17 % of Mg .1117 x 26 = 2.9042

70
4) 80.0% of X .800 x 70 = 56.000
+
12.25% of 69
X .1225 x 69 = 8.4525 = 69.7225 amu
+
68
7.75% of X .0775 x 68 = 5.270

5) A sample of chlorine contains 75% of chlorine-35 and 25% of chlorine-37. What is the atomic mass of
chlorine? show work.
75% of Cl-35 .75 x 35 = 26.25
+ = 35.5 amu
25% of Cl-37 .25 x 37 = 9.25

6) Element X has two naturally occurring isotopes. If 72% of the atoms have a mass of 85 amu
and 28% of the atoms have a mass of 87 amu, what is the atomic mass of element X. Show work.
72% of X-85 .72 x 85 = 61.2
+ = 85.56 amu
28% of X-87 .28 x 87 = 24.37

7) The atomic mass of an element is dependent upon what two factors?

Mass numbers and percent abundances of all naturally occurring isotopes
20 Copyright © 2011 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved.
 .
Worksheet 11: Bohr’s atomic model and electron configuration Topic 3
Set A: Drawing Bohr’s atomic model Objective: To test your ability to obtain information from
electron configuration, and to draw Bohr’s atomic model.
Based on information from the Periodic Table, answer questions in each box about the given element.
Then draw Bohr’s atomic model for the element.

1. Magnesium - 25 2. Neon - 21
Electron configuration: Electron configuration:
3
Number of electron shells: ____ 2
Number of electron shells: ____
Valance shell: : 3rd
____ Valance shell: : 2nd
____
Number of valance electrons: ____
2 8
Number of valance electrons: ____

Draw Bohr’s atomic model for magnesium-25. Draw Bohr’s atomic model for neon-21.
Indicate appropriate number of particles in the Indicate appropriate number of particles in the
nucleus, and electrons (-) in electron shells. nucleus, and electrons (-) in electron shells.

2 e-
8e- 8e-
2e- 2e-
12 p
13 n 10 p
11 n

3. Rubidium - 86
Electron configuration:
Number of electron shells: ____ 5
Valance shell: : 5th
____
Number of valance electrons: ____ 1
Draw Bohr’s atomic model for rubidium-86.
Indicate appropriate number of particles in the
nucleus, and electrons (-) in electron shells.
4. Selenium - 78
Electron configuration:
Number of electron shells: ____ 4
Valance shell: : 4th
____
Number of valance electrons:____ 6.
Draw Bohr’s atomic model for selenium-78.
Indicate appropriate number of particles in the
nucleus, and electrons (-) in electron shells.

1e- 6e-
8e- 18e-
18e- 8e-
8e- 2e-
1e- 37 p 34 p
49 n 44 n

Copyright©2011 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved. 21

Worksheet 11 . Topic 3
Set B: Electron configurations Objective: To test your ability to interpret electron configuration
Excited and Ground States

Electron configurations for six atoms are given. Complete information about each neutral atom on the
table .

Electron Total number Total Electron Excited or Atom’s

configuration of electrons number of shell with ground symbol
electron the highest state
shells energy
electrons
5.
Atom A 2–8–4 14 3 3rd Ground Si
6. Atom B 2–3–1 6 3 3rd Excited C

7. Atom C 2–8–7–1 18 4 4th Excited Ar

8. Atom D 2 – 8 – 18 – 6 34 4 4th Ground Se

9. Atom E 2 – 8 – 18 – 17 – 5 50 5 5th Excited Sn

10. Atom F 1- 7 8 2 2nd Excited O

Set C: Electron transition Objective: To test your ability to interpret electron transition in atoms

Below, electron transitions from one electron shell to another are given for four different atoms.
Answer questions 11 - 16 based on the electron transition in these atoms.

Atom G: 3rd shell ----------------- > 2nd shell Atom I: 4th shell-------------------- > 6th shell

Atom H: 1st shell --------------- > 4th shell Atom J: 5th shell ------------------ > 3rd shell

11. In which atom or atoms are energy absorbed during the electron transition? Atom H and Atom I

12. In which atom or atoms are energy released during the electron transition? Atom G and Atom J

13. In which atom or atoms are spectral lines observed? Atom G and Atom J

14. In which atom is the greatest amount of energy absorbed? Atom H

15. In which atom is the greatest amount of energy released? Atom J

16. In atom G, compare the energy of the electron in the 3rd shell to that of the electron in the 2nd shell.
Energy of electron in the 3rd shell is greater than energy of the electron in the 2nd shell

22 Copyright © 2011 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved.

 Worksheet 11 . Topic 3

Set D: Bright-line spectra Objective: To test your ability to analyze bright-line spectra chart

Below, bright-line spectral chart for five elements and four unknown samples are given.
Answer questions 17 - 21 based on the information given in the chart.

7500 7000 6500 6000 5500 5000 4500 4000

wavelength: A (10-10 m)
Lithium (Li)

Sodium (Na)

Helium (He)

Potassium(K)

Cadmium(Cd)

Hydrogen (H)

Unknown W

Unknown X

Unknown Y

Unknown Z

17. List all elements present in unknown sample W . Cadmium (Cd) and Sodium (Na)

18. List all elements present in unknown sample X . Potassium (K) and Lithium (Li)

19. List all elements present in unknown sample Y. Helium (He) and Lithium (Li)

20. List all elements present in unknown sample Z. Helium (He), Hydrogen (H) and Sodium (Na)

21. Explain, in terms of electron transition, how bright-line spectra are produced by atoms.
Bright-line spectra are produced by electrons going from high (excited) state to
Low (ground ) state.
Copyright©2011 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved. 23
 Worksheet 12 : Neutral atoms and ions . Topic 3

Set A: Terms and definitions Objective: By defining these words , you’ll become more familiar
with terms and definitions related to ions and neutral atoms.

Define the terms and answer questions below. Be neat and clear.

1. Neutral atom

2. Ion

3. Positive ion

4. Negative ion

5. Valance electron

Set B: Comparisons in ions and neutral atoms Objective: To test your knowledge of facts related
of ions and neutral atoms
Answer the followings in one clear sentence.

6. Compare the number of electrons to the number of protons in a neutral atom. They are EQUAL

7. Compare the number of electrons of a positive ion to that of the neutral atom. Include both positive
ion and neutral atom in your answer. A positive ion has FEWER electrons than the neutral atom

8. Compare the number of electrons of a negative ion to that of the neutral atom. Include both negative
ion and neutral atom in your answer. A negative ion has MORE electrons the neutral atom

9. Compare number of protons to the number of electrons in a positive ion. Include both protons and
electrons in your answer. A positive ion has MORE protons than electrons

10. Compare number of protons to the number of electrons in a negative ion. Include both protons and
electrons in your answer. A negative ion has FEWER protons than electrons

11. Compare the size of a positive ion to that of the neutral atom. Include both positive ion and neutral
atom in your answer. A positive ion is generally SMALLER than the neutral atom

12. Compare the size of a negative ion to that of the neutral atom. Include both negative ion and neutral
atom in your answer. A negative ion is generally BIGGER than the neutral atom

24 Copyright © 2011 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved.

 Worksheet 12 . Topic 3
Set C: Particles in atoms and ions Objective: To test your ability to determine information
from atomic and ionic symbols.

Below, symbol of an atom or ion is given. Complete the table below based on the symbol given
Atom and Ion Atomic Number of Number of Number of Electron configuration
symbols number protons electrons neutrons

13.
6 6 6 2–4
C
14.
6 6 8 2–8
C 4-
15. 38 38 38 2 – 8 – 18 – 8 – 2
Sr
16.
38 38 36 2 – 8 – 18 – 8
Sr2+

17. 27 13 13 13 14 2–8–3
Al
18.
27 13 13 10 14 2–8
Al3+

19. 31P 15 15 15 16 2–8–5

20. 31 -3 15 15 18 16 2–8–8
P

Set D: Determining charge of atom. Objective: To test your ability to determine charge of
atoms based on the number of subatomic particles
Determine the charge of each atom based on information given.

21. Atom A: 46 protons, 61 neutrons, 42 electrons. Charge = +4

22. Atom B: mass number of 209, nuclear charge of 83, and 81 electrons: Charge = +2

23. Atoms C: nuclear charge of 32, 36 electrons , 39 neutron Charge = -4

24. Atoms D: 54 electrons, 122 nucleons, atomic number 51 Charge = -3

25. Atom E: 28 neutrons, nuclear charge of 22, 20 electrons Charge = +2

Copyright©2011 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved. 25