Animation gr.

11

This means being paid by various clients to work on specific projects for them.
Freelance
Answer: 
This means a "traditional" job at an office, with a boss, co-workers, a regular paycheck, etc.
Employment
Answer: 
This means creating a product from start to finish and selling it directly to consumers, either
from a physical store/gallery/convention or an online store.
Direct sales
Answer: 
This is doing commissions for clients.
Freelance
Answer: 

This is working full-time at a company.

Employment
Answer: 

Q1ww2
The main task of the illustrator is to focus the attention of the viewer on a certain visual
concept, idea, detail, part of the design and to make an idea appealing and memorable.

Select one:
False 
An illustrator more often produces the imagery themselves and not necessarily work on the
whole design of the “product”.

Select one:
True 
often than not, designers  try to keep the balance between visual and text and try not to
steal all the focus on the illustration.

Select one:

False

A designer often relies on a set of elements – images, typography, etc. and organizes them

in engaging compositions.
Select one:
True 
The illustrations are often supportive to other mediums.

Select one:
True 

Q1PT1
SWOT analysis
A  can be a useful way to assess where you stand in your market in relation to
your competitors.
marketing strate
Even though you are marketing your brand, every aspect of your  should focus
on satisfying the current and future needs of your customers.

Match the 3 ways to conduct market research. 

is gathering the information yourself using surveys, Answer 1

questionnaires and other research tools. field research
 
This is hiring external organizations that carry out the research Answer 2
for you. commercial agencies
 
This is using existing information from the internet and industry Answer 3
associations.  desk research
 
Marketing is the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion and
distribution of your ideas, goods or services to satisfy the needs of individual consumers or
organisations.
marketing strategy
A good  helps you define your vision, mission and business goals, and
outlines the steps you need to take to achieve these goals.

Q1PT2
Match the missing term/details to complete each statement. 
The “lead” pencil is familiar to everyone, however, it is not and
Answer 1
never was made from lead but from _________________, a type of graphite
carbon that is mixed with clay and baked.   
They lack the wooden casing found in pencils and are basically a Answer 2
thicker version of the graphite strip found in the center or a pencil.  graphite sticks
 
_______________ are convenient to use for fast sketches, but their Answer 3
nibs make unvarying marks. technical pens
 
_______________, also known as Siberian charcoal, is made into a
Answer 4
pencil with either wooden or rolled paper barrels, and is cleaner to compressed charcoal
use than traditional stick charcoal.   
Conté sticks, crayons, and pencils are natural pigments bound with Answer 5
gum _________________.  Arabic
 
These are available in many different colors and forms, such as
Answer 6
standard, water-soluble, and thick- and thin-leaded, and they vary colored pencils
in quality and softness.  
______________ are made from a strip of hard pastel secured in a Answer 7
wooden barrel.  pastel pencils
 
This is available as a hard stick for detail and fine marks, or as a Answer 8
soft pastel that can be blended more easily. w hite chalk
 
The _____________ needed to begin drawing are simple: a tool
Answer 9
with which to make a mark and a sheet of paper on which to make materials
it.  
Answer 10
The traditional tool for applying ink is a _______________.
brush

Q2WW1
Scene
Blind Contour Drawing forces you to study aAnswer  closely, observing every
shape and edge with your eyes, as your hand mimics these on paper. 
Realistic Artw ork
In Blind Contour Drawing, the aim is not to produce aAnswer , but rather to
strengthen the connection between eyes, hand and brain.

Blind
AAnswer  contour drawing contains lines that are drawn without ever looking
at the piece of paper. 
Whether self-taught, through trial and error, or guided by others, we learned how line
defines form, creates structure, divides a frame, traces contour, creates Answer
Tonal variation
 and leads the eye from one part of a work to another. 
mechanism
Initially aAnswer  for getting outlines onto paper – identifying edges – we
begin to applaud lines for their own merit.
Q2WW2
after
MeasuringAnswer  you draw is a way for you to do a final check to find mistakes
that you may have missed and a way to gain confidence in the finished product.
draw a subject or scen
If you want toAnswer  with accurate proportions, you must employ
proper techniques and train your eyes over time. 

Proportion refers to the size relationships between objects. 

measuring
In drawing, most of the time is spent on Answer , comparing, re-measuring, and
re-comparing. 
before
MeasuringAnswer  you draw will help you understand what you are seeing and will
familiarize yourself with the subject. 

Q2PT1
For veins, use gradual soft shading technique but for wrinkles, make it less gradual, darker
valleys, and with more prominent highlights. 

Select one:
True 
Use a blunt 4B pen to draw clean lines where prominent folds, wrinkles, and vain appear. 

Select one:

False 

For fingernails, make sure to give the nail some shape by making the left and right side
lighter. 

Select one:

False 

For feminine hand, use a blunt HB pencil to draw the skin using circular motions and then
blend using tissue paper. 

Select one:
True 
For skin, switch to 2B or even 4B to darken areas between bones or around tendons to
make the hand appear even skinnier. 

Select one:
True 
For the skin of old person, do not forget to shade the nails to show contrast. 

Select one:

False 

In order to retain as much realistic skin texture as possible, do blend or smudge. 

Select one:

False 

For skin, instead of shading with long pencil strokes, use a fine 0.10mm HB mechanical
pencil to create layers of circles with even amounts of pressure. 

Select one:

False 

For baby hand, add thickness between each joint and round out the tips of each finger so
they are nice and plump. 

Select one:
True 
Elderly people generally have less body fat, so when you draw the outline make sure to
pronounce the joints. 

Select one:
True 

Q2PT2
Match the term/details to complete each statement. 
The layers icon in the Visibility column
changes from the Visibility icon ( ) to a
Answer 1
Template icon ( ), and the layer is
dimmed
automatically locked. If you convert vector  
artwork to a template layer, it will not be
_______________.
The file is placed on a _____________ and is
Answer 2
dimmed to 50 percent by default, so that you locked layer
can clearly see any paths you draw over it.  
In the Layer Options dialog box that appears,
Answer 3
select the Template check box and press OK
___________.  
he best way to modify paths in your artwork is Answer 4
to ________________  from an existing path. add or remove anchor point.
 
The most common way to create a template
Answer 5
layer is upon ______________, while placing import
raster artwork into Illustrator as a template.  
Paths can be ______________, but they may
Answer 6
only be joined by connecting two adjacent cut either at anchor points or line segments
anchor points, called end points.  
Both the ____________ and the Control Panel Answer 7
can be used to modify the anchor points.  Pen tool
 
Template layers are locked, non-printing
Answer 8
layers that you can use to manually trace
________________ images.  
By using the ______________, you can create
Answer 9
unique shapes by adding, subtracting, and Shape Builder tool
intersecting one shape from another.  
You can select two end points and press
_____________ (Windows) or Command+J Answer 10
(Mac OS) to create a connecting path to each Ctrl+J
 
end point. 

Match the term/details to complete each statement. 

Acrylic is one of the most preferred techniques for beginners –  it is relatively easier to work with them,
than with watercolor or oils.

The way the images are produced allows scaling them up and down to any size, without any quality
loss. Vector Graphics (pakot ko lang)

Sometimes, illustrators choose to keep the pencil sketch very loose and to draft with a pencil – later
on, they finish off the illustration with another material.
In watercolor illustrations, the main thing is to use color pigments and to create nuances and
different transparencies by adding water to the color.

With the digital era evolution, even artists accustomed to traditional mediums and materials started
working digitally – with the help of 2D and 3D software such as Photoshop and 3DMax and Maya, for
example.

The main difference, compared to pencil illustration is, that the line of the charcoal is always slightly
thicker, softer, and darker in quality.

Using gouache as “poster” is desirable for its speed as the paint layer dries completely by the
relatively quick evaporation of the water. 

 It is rich material, which allows you creating soft shadows and transitions, as well creating sharp,
accurate lines. Pencil Illustration

(etching) The plate is then put through a high-pressure printing press together with a sheet of paper
and the paper picks up the ink from the etched lines, making a print. 

The freehand digital illustrations  allow very smooth light and shadow transitions, making a complex
background and fine detail.

Charcoal’s blendability lets the artist create a range of textures, representing materials and
shadows, people, objects and the natural world.

Depending on the metal etching technique used, the illustration can look like watercolor (aquatint) or
it can look like pencil drawing – with very fine lines and hatching.
In traditional pure etching, a metal (usually copper, zinc or steel) plate is covered with a waxy ground
which is resistant to acid. 

With time, illustrators gained more freedom and their creativity and originality were now more valued
than their technical skills  and ability to draw realistically.

Originally, the technique used an image drawn with oil, fat, or wax onto the surface of a smooth, level
lithographic limestone plate.  Lithography

It is a technique, where the artwork is made from an assemblage of different forms, often from
different materials, to form a new whole.  Collage

(Etching) The plate is then dipped in a bath of acid and the acid “bites” into the metal where it is
exposed, leaving behind Lines sunk into the plate. 

Charcoal Illustrations are often not as precise as pen and pencil illustrations but are a preferred
choice for illustrating short stories, fast sketches, nooks.

 Today, most types of high-volume books and magazines, especially when illustrated in color, are
printed with  Offset lithography. 

These types of illustration include Fantasy illustrations, illustrations for Gaming, Animation and One-
Pager Fine Illustrations. Concept Art

 The digital tools and techniques imitate traditional materials and effects achieved with them and it
is easy to switch different materials and experiment.
It was popular during the Middle Ages and became the illustration type of choice after the invention
of the printing press.  Printing Press

An Illustration is a drawing, painting or printed work of art which explains, clarifies, illuminates,
visually represents, or merely decorates a written text, which may be of a literary or commercial
nature.

Carved block illustrations made it possible for mass-produced books to have beautiful illustrations all
printed from the same master cutting. 

The overall feeling of watercolor illustrations is soft, airy, with lots of depth.

Most 20th-century animations used it to create an opaque color on a cel with watercolor paint used
for the backgrounds.  Gouache paint

Before photography existed, the only way to express ideas were with the help of illustrations. 

Often in more recent years, illustrations had to be quite realistic, because there was no photography
to serve this purpose.

It is still a preferred technique of many contemporary illustrators who love the rougher feel and the
textured look of these illustrations. Woodcutting

Illustrating with ink allows the artist to create strong areas of contrast.

Gesture drawings are best completed with smooth, easily applied mediums (chunky graphite pencils,
charcoal sticks, pastels, soft brushes dipped in Indian ink, for example), without the use of an eraser.

A gesture drawing is completed quickly – often in short timed duration, such as 20, 30, 60 or 90
seconds – using fast, expressive lines. 

Blind drawing stretches the arms and soul; eases you into observational drawing
without fear.

These wire sculptures can be attached to a two-dimensional frame or a flat surface, hung in the air, or
be left free-standing, changing in appearance as a viewer moves around the room. 

Drawing wobbly lines that bear little resemblance to the chosen object is relaxing and stress-free.

A cross contour drawing contains parallel lines that run across the surface of an object (or radiate
from a central point), such as those that appear on a topographical map or a digital wireframe. 

Cross contour drawings typically follow the rules of perspective with lines drawn closer together in
the distance and further apart in the foreground.

A contour drawing shows the outlines, shapes and edges of a scene, but omits fine detail, surface
texture, color and tone (‘contour’ is French for ‘outline’).

A planar analysis drawing simplifies complex curved surfaces into flat planes, using straight lines.

In Gesture Drawing, a small still life scene can be depicted just as easily as a large moving form.
Most famous for his post impressionist paintings, Vincent van Gogh also produced over a thousand
drawings.

This means that, in addition to outlines and internal shapes, the pencil must move back and forth
across the surface of the paper, with lines doubling back on each other, so that the drawing is one
free-flowing, unbroken line.  Continuous line drawing
Pop artist Andy Warhol is famous for his brightly colored silkscreen artworks; however he was also a
rampant drawer – often filling sketchbooks. 

To avoid the temptation to erase lines, it can be helpful to complete a continuous line drawing with an
ink pen varying the line weight, as needed, to indicate perspective and areas of light and shadow.

Famous artist David Hockey has produced many line drawings – often portraits. 

This process helps students to think about the underlying structure of objects and results in an
analytical drawing, that is rather mechanical in appearance. Planar analysis

Using planar analysis drawing can be a great introductory drawing exercise especially if you are
moving towards cubism or abstracting scenes into geometric form.

In cross contour drawing, the illusion of three-dimensional volume is created entirely with line.

If you're drawing from a reference image there's no need to worry about bending your elbow or
tilting your head because you can measure directly up against the reference photo.

To draw something accurate in relative size, you can use your pencil and thumb as a measuring tool
to measure the relationships between body parts or objects in a scene. 

Use the tip of the pencil and the tip of your thumb to measure the height of your subject's head. 

If you're not comfortable measuring with a pencil, you can use a proportion drawing tool.
Sometimes, the relationship between two body parts will not be a whole unit. In this case, you will
need to search for other relationships or do your best to eyeball that part of the sketch. 
Select one:
True 

Before you make any measurements, it's important to understand how to maintain accuracy
throughout the measuring process. 

Lower your eye as close to your knee as possible to get the most accurate measurements from start to
finish. 
Select one:
False

Angeles are especially easy to eyeball. What you want to do is hold your leg out between your eye
and the subject by bending your knee and then tilt your pencil at an angle until the edge of the pencil
matches the angle you're checking. 
Select one:
False