10

Computer System Servicing

Quarter 1 – Module 2

Redeveloped Division Initiated Self-Learning Module

DepartmentofofEducation
Department Education––Division
DivisionofofPalawan
Palawan
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 TLE-ICT Computer
System Servicing 10 ASSEMBLE COMPUTER
First Quarter HARDWARE
Week 2

CG: LO 1. Assemble Computer Hardware

Objective/s:

1.3 Identify materials necessary to complete the work in

accordance with established procedures and check
against system requirements

1.4 Obtain materials necessary to complete the work in

accordance with established procedures and check
against system requirements

1.5 Obtain tools, equipment and testing devices needed to

carry out installation work in accordance with established
procedures and check for correct operation and safety

TLE_IACSS9-12ICCS-Ia-e-28

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 What I Know

Directions: Select the letter of the best answer for each question.
Write your answer on your activity sheet.

1. It serves as the “heart” and “brain” of the computer.

a. Central Processing Unit c. Random Access Memory
b. Read Only Memory d. Compact Disk

2. The main circuit board of a computer.

a. Motherboard c. Graphics card
b. ROM d. RAM

3. A device that controls the movement of the cursor or pointer on

a display screen.
a. Keyboard c. Monitor
b. Mouse d. Tablet cursor

4. It displays information in visual form, using text or graphics.

a. Keyboard c. Monitor
b. Mouse d. Tablet cursor

5. A type of display screen that has a touch sensitive transparent

panel covering the screen.
a. Tablet c. PDAs
b. Smart board d. LCD monitor

6. A device that makes sounds, clips and any audio materials be

heard.
a. Speaker c. Zip drive
b. CD-ROM d. Adapter

7. It refers to people involved in the data processing operations.

a. Analyst c. Programmer
b. Peopleware d. Students

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8. A set of instructions that guides the hardware to operate
effectively.
a. Hardware c. Software
b. Peopleware d. None of these

9. It utilizes a light-sensitive detector to select object on a display

screen.
a. Plotter c. Printer
b. Light pen d. Track ball

10. It is any machine that feeds data into a computer.

a. Input device c. Storage device
b. Output device d. None of these

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 What is It

LESSON 1
COMPUTER SYSTEM, DEVICES AND PERIPHERALS

As an aspiring computer technician, it is very important to know

the different components of a computer system. These are the (1)
hardware, (2) software and (3) peopleware. Each component plays
an important role, without each other computer systems will not work
properly.

1. HARDWARE
- The physical, touchable, electronic and mechanical parts of a
computer system. It is composed of different devices attached to the
computer.

A. MAJOR HARDWARE COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM

The following list represents a basic set of hardware found in most

PCs.

1. System Unit- The main part of a microcomputer, sometimes

called the chassis. It includes the following parts: Motherboard,
Microprocessor, Memory Chips, Buses, Ports, Expansion Slots and
Cards.

Figure 1. Tower Type System Unit

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2. Motherboard / Mainboard / System Board- The main circuit
board of a computer. It contains all the circuits and components
that run the computer.

Figure 2. Motherboard

3. CPU (Central Processing Unit) - The processor is the main “brain”

or “heart” of a computer system. It performs all of the instructions
and calculations that are needed and manages the flow of
information through a computer.

Figure 3. Examples of CPU (Intel Core 2 Duo and AMD Athlon)

4. Primary storage- (internal storage, main memory or memory) is

the computer's working storage space that holds data,
instructions for processing and processed data (information)
waiting to be sent to secondary storage. Physically, primary
storage is a collection of RAM chips.

Two (2) Types of Memory

a. ROM – (Read Only Memory) ROM is non-volatile, meaning

it holds data even when the power is ON or OFF.

b. RAM – (Random Access Memory) RAM is volatile, meaning

it holds data only when the power is on. When the power is off,
RAM's contents are lost.

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 Figure 4. Examples of RAM

5. Expansion Bus - A bus is a data pathway between several

hardware components inside or outside a computer. It does not
only connect the parts of the CPU to each other, but also links
the CPU with other important hardware.

Figure 5. Expansion Bus

6. Adapters- Printed-circuit boards (also called interface cards)

that enable the computer to use a peripheral device for which
it does not have the necessary connections or circuit boards.
They are often used to permit upgrading to a new different
hardware.

Figure 6. Adapter (Network Adapter)

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7. Power Supply Unit (PSU) - Installed in the back corner of the PC
case, next to the motherboard. It converts 120vac (standard
house power) into DC voltages that are used by other
components in the PC.

Figure 7. Power supply

8. Hard Disk Drive (HDD) - Also known as hard drive, is a magnetic

storage device that is installed inside the computer. The hard
drive is used as permanent storage for data. In a Windows
computer, the hard drive is usually configured as the C: drive
and contains the operating system and applications.

Figure 8. Hard Disk Drive

9. Optical Drive- An optical drive is a storage device that uses

lasers to read data on the optical media. There are three types
of optical drives: Compact Disc (CD), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD)
and Blu-ray Disc (BD).

Figure 9. Optical Drive

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10. Sound
Card – is an expansion card or IC for producing sound on
a computer that can be heard through speakers or
headphones. Although the computer does not need a sound
device to function, they are included on every machine in one
form or another, either in expansion slot (sound card) or on the
motherboard (onboard).

Figure 10. Sound Card

11. AVR(Automatic Voltage Regulator) – It is a device designed to

regulate voltage automatically – that is, to take a fluctuating
voltage level and turn into a constant voltage automatically.

Figure 11. AVR

12. UPS
(Uninterruptible Power Supply) – It is a device that allows a
computer to keep running for at least a short time when the
primary power source is lost. It also provides protection from
power surges.

Figure 12. UPS

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B. INPUT DEVICES - Accepts data and instructions from the user or from
another computer system.

Two (2) Types of Input Devices

1. Keyboard Entry – Data is inputted to the computer

through a keyboard.

Keyboard - The first input device developed for the

PC. Data is transferred to the PC over a short cable
with a circular 6-pin Mini-din connector that plugs into
the back of the motherboard.

Figure 13. Keyboard

2. Direct Entry – A form of input that does not require data to

be keyed by someone sitting at a keyboard. Direct-entry
devices create machine-readable data on paper, or
magnetic media, or feed it directly into the computer’s
CPU.

Three Categories of Direct Entry Devices

1. Pointing Devices - An input device used to move the

pointer (cursor) on screen.

▪ Mouse - The most common 'pointing device' used in

PCs. Every mouse has two buttons and most have one
or two scroll wheels.

Figure 14. Mouse

▪ Touch screen- A display screen that is sensitive to the

touch of a finger or stylus. Used in myriad applications,

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 including ATM machines, retail point-of-sale terminals,
car navigation and industrial controls. The touch screen
became wildly popular for smart phones and tablets.

Figure 15. Touch Screen Devices

▪ Light Pen - A light-sensitive stylus wired to a video

terminal used to draw pictures or select menu options.
The user brings the pen to the desired point on screen
and presses the pen button to make contact.

Figure 16. Light Pen

▪ Digitizer Tablet - A graphics drawing tablet used for

sketching new images or tracing old ones. Also called a
"graphics tablet," the user contacts the surface of the
device with a wired or wireless pen or puck. Often
mistakenly called a mouse, the puck is officially the
"tablet cursor."

Figure 17. Digitizer Tablet

2. Scanning Devices- A device that can read text or

illustrations printed on paper and translates the
information into a form the computer can use.

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 Figure 18. Image scanner Figure 19. Bar Code Reader

3. Voice- Input Devices - Audio input devices also known as

speech or voice recognition systems that allow a user to
send audio signals to a computer for processing,
recording, or carrying out commands. Audio input
devices such as microphones allow users to speak to the
computer in order to record a voice message or navigate
software.

Figure 20. Microphones

C. OUTPUT DEVICES - Any piece of computer hardware that displays

results after the computer has processed the input data that has
been entered.

1. Computer Display Monitor- It displays information in visual

form, using text and graphics. The portion of the monitor
that displays the information is called the screen or video
display terminal.

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Types of Monitor

a. CRT Monitors - Cathode Ray Tubes (CRT) were the only

type of displays for use with desktop PCs. They are
relatively big (14" to 16" deep) and heavy (over 15 lbs).

Figure 21. Cathode Ray Tube Monitor

b. LCD Monitors - Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) technology

has been used in laptops for some time. It has recently
been made commercially available as monitors for
desktop PCs.

Figure 22. Liquid Crystal Display Monitor

c. LED Monitors (Light Emitting Diode) - A display and

lighting technology used in almost every electrical
and electronic product on the market, from a tiny
on/off light to digital readouts, flashlights, traffic lights
and perimeter lighting.

Figure 23. Light Emitting Diode Monitor

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2. LCD Projectors- utilize two sheets of polarizing material with
a liquid crystal solution between them. An electric current
passed through the liquid causes the crystals to align so
that light cannot pass through them. Each crystal,
therefore, is like a shutter, either allowing light to pass
through or blocking the light.

Figure 24. LCD Projector

3. Smart Board - A type of display screen that has a touch

sensitive transparent panel covering the screen, which is
similar to a touch screen.

Figure 25. Smart Board

4. Printer - A device that prints text or illustrations on paper.

Types of printer

▪ Ink-Jet or Bubble-Jet Printer - sprays ink at a sheet of

paper. Inkjet printers produce high-quality text and
graphics.

Figure 26. Ink- Jet Printer

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▪ Laser Printer - Uses the same technology as copy
machines. Laser printers produce very high quality text
and graphics.

Figure 27. Laser Printer

▪ LCD and LED Printer- Similar to a laser printer, but uses

liquid crystals or light-emitting diodes rather than a laser
to produce an image on the drum.

Figure 28. LCD Printer

▪ Line Printer - Contains a chain of characters or pins

that print an entire line at one time. Line printers are very
fast, but produce low-quality print.

Figure 29. Line Printer

▪ Thermal Printer- An inexpensive printer that works by

pushing heated pins against heat-sensitive paper.
Thermal printers are widely used in calculators and fax
machines.

Figure 30. Thermal Printer

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 5. Speakers - Used to play sound. They may be built into the
system unit or connected with cables. Speakers allow you
to listen to music and hear sound effects from your
computer.

Figure 31. Speaker

D. PORTS - External connecting sockets on the outside of the

computer. This is a pathway into and out of the computer. A port
lets users plug in outside peripherals, such as monitors, scanners and
printers.

Table 1. The Ports and their function

TYPE OF PORT FUNCTION ILLUSTRATION

Serial Port Intended for serial type
mouse and older camera
Parallel Port Also called as printer port.
This is only for old model
printer. It has 25 pins. It is a
female port.
VGA (Video Used to connect monitors.
Graphic Array) It has 15 pins and it is a
Port female port.
USB (Universal High speed serial
Serial Bus) Port interface that is used with
almost all devices. It is
used to connect latest
model printers, pen

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 drives, cell phones etc. It
has 4 pins.

PS/2 Port Simple, 6-pin, low-speed

serial connections
commonly dedicated to
a keyboard and mouse.

Power Port Intended for power cord.

S-Video Port S-Video connections are

available on certain
source components and
video display devices,
and offer a higher level of
video performance over
composite video signals.
Audio Port Intended for plugging in
the speaker or headset.

LAN (Local A physical interface often

Area used for terminating
Networking) twisted pair type cables
Port used to connect
computers onto a local-
area networks (LAN),
especially Ethernet RJ-45
connectors.

E. CABLES AND WIRES- A cable is most often two or more wires running
side by side and bonded, twisted or braided together to form a
single assembly, but can also refer to a heavy strong rope.

Table 2. The Cables and Connectors

ILLUSTRATION FUNCTION
These jacks are intended for the PS/2
port specifically for PS/2 type of
keyboard and mouse.
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 This type of jack is intended for the
audio and microphone port.

S-video jack is obviously for S-Video

port

This monitor jack is intended for the

VGA (Video Graphic Array) port
This USB (Universal Serial Bus) plug is
intended for USB port. Modern or new
model of peripherals like printer,
camera, scanners and even other
portable computer attachments used
USB type of plugs.
This printer cable jack is intended for
the parallel port.
RJ45 ("RJ" in RJ45 stands for "registered
jack," since it is a standardized
networking interface and the "45"
simply refers to the number of the
interface standard) is a type of
connector commonly used for Ethernet
networking.
Power cord is the most important cord
because it connects the computer to
the main source of electricity to make
it functional.

2. SOFTWARE - is the set of instructions (also called a program) that

guides the hardware to operate effectively. Software can be split
into two main types:

2.1 System Software – Any software required to support the

production or execution of application programs, but
which is not specific to any particular application.
Common operating systems include Windows, the
Macintosh OS, OS/2 and UNIX.

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 2.2 Application Software – Designed to help the user to
perform singular or multiple related tasks. Examples of
application software are as follows:

2.2.1 Word processing software - Creates, edits, saves,

and prints documents. Example: MS Word,
WordPerfect, Ami Pro, MacWrite.

2.2.2 Spreadsheet software - An electronic spreadsheet

consisting of rows and columns is used to present
and analyze data. Example: MS Excel, Lotus 123,
Quattro Pro.

2.2.3 Database management software - Used to

structure a database, a large collection of
computer programs. Data is organized as fields
and records for easy retrieval. Example: MS
Access, dBase, Fox Pro, Oracle. LINUX WINDOWS
MAC 22

2.2.4 Graphic software - Graphics programs display

results of data manipulation for easier analysis and
presentation. Example: Macromedia Flash,
Harvard Graphics, 3D Studio Max, Adobe
Photoshop

3. PEOPLE WARE - Refers to people involved in the data processing

operations such as the system administrator, office workers, students
and others.

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 LESSON 2

MATERIALS, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT AND TESTING DEVICES

The following tools and equipment are classified according to their
functions and uses.

Equipment and
Materials Tools
Accessories
- Software - Screwdriver - LAN Card
applications (standard) - UPS
- Network OS - Screwdriver (Philips) - Server
Software - - Long nose pliers - 24 port-hub
Motherboard’s - Mechanical pliers - Modem
Manual and installer - Allen wrench - Fax machine
- Sound device - Multitester - PC video camera
driver - Crimping tools - USB External CD
installer - Soldering iron (30 writer
- RJ 45 watts) - USB scanner
- UTP Cat5 cable - Wire stripper - USB printers
- Device drivers /
- LAN tester - USB Flash Drive
installers
- Anti-static wrist
strap

Installers / Software Image Description

Desktop OS (license It is a software program
for proprietary that enables the
software) computer hardware to
communicate and
operate with the
computer software.
Network OS (license It is an operating system
for proprietary specifically designed to
software) run on servers, which are
specialized computers
that operate within a
client/server architecture
to serve the requests of

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 client computers on the
network.
Office Productivity software is
productivity application software
software dedicated to producing
(license for information, such as
proprietary documents,
software) presentations,
worksheets, databases,
charts, graphs, digital
paintings, electronic
music and digital video.
Anti-virus (license for It is a program or set of
proprietary programs that are
software) designed to prevent,
search for, detect, and
remove software viruses,
and other malicious
software like worms,
Trojans, adware, and
more
Disk utility software The creation, conversion,
compression and
encryption of disk images
from a wide range of
formats read by Disk
Utility to .dmg or
.cdr, which is identical to
the .iso format.
Virtualization It is the use of software to
software (license for allow a piece of
proprietary hardware to run multiple
software) operating system images
at the same time.

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Disk creator It is a software
software application used for
creating CDs and DVDs.
Users could add data,
audio, and video files to
CDs and DVDs or copy
one disc to another.
Disk image software It is a program that copy
the entire contents of a
storage device, such as
a hard drive, DVD, or CD.

Resources / Manuals Image Description

Motherboard’s It is designed to help
manual and installer end users and system
manufacturers to
setup and install
the
motherboard and
other devices.
Device driver installer It is a program that
controls a particular
type of device that
is attached to your
computer.

Assorted computer PC Magazine is a

book, PC magazines complete guide to
and journals PC computers,
peripherals and
upgrades.

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 Tools Image Description
RJ 45 An 8-pin/8-position plug
or jack is commonly used
to connect computers
onto Ethernet-based
local area networks
(LAN).
UTP cable Short for unshielded
twisted pair, a popular
type of cable that
consists of two
unshielded wires twisted
around each other. Due
to its low cost, UTP
cabling is used
extensively for localarea
networks (LANs) and
telephone connections.
Screwdriver A flat-head screwdriver is
(standard) a tool used to either
tighten or loosen slotted
screws with a single
indentation in the head.
Flat-head screwdrivers
are available in both
metric and standard
sizes.
Screwdriver A Phillips screwdriver is a
(Philips) tool that has a cross
shape and features the
ability to self-center.
These characteristics
allow for greater control
and stability.

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Long nose pliers Needle-nose pliers (also
known as long- nose
pliers) are both cutting
and holding pliers used
to bend, re- position and
snip wire.

Mechanical It is primarily use for

pliers gripping, twisting,
bending and cutting wire
and cable

Allen wrench Allen wrench is a small,

angled tool with a
hexagonal head that’s
commonly used to repair
or tighten a number of
small appliances or parts.

Crimping tools A crimping tool is a

device used to conjoin
two pieces of metal by
deforming one or both of
them in a way that
causes them to hold
each other.
Wire stripper A tool designed to
remove the protective
covering (jacket) off of a
cable to expose the inner
wires.

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Anti-static Any physical device that
devices minimizes static electricity

Soldering iron A soldering iron is a hand

tool used in soldering. It
supplies heat to melt
solder so that it can flow
into the joint between
two workpiece.
Electronic Tester A multi-meter measures
VOM electrical properties
such as AC or DC
voltage, current, and
resistance.

LAN tester It is a device that is used

to test the strength and
connectivity of a
particular type of cable
or other wired
assemblies.

Equipment Image Description

LAN Card Network controller is just
(network another name for a
controller) network card or
network adapter.
These cards have their
own processors to handle
the network interface
rather than relying on the
motherboard chipset or
CPU to do it.

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Computer Server is a computer that
Server has a program that
provides services to other
computer programs (and
their users) in the same or
other computers.

Hub / switch Switch is a hardware

device that filters and
forwards network
packets, but often not
capable of much more.

UPS UPS is a power supply that

includes a battery to
maintain power in the
event of a power outage.

ADSL router with ADSL router refers to

Wi-Fi asymmetric digital
subscriber line is a
communication
technology that provide
faster data transmission. It
is quite beneficial only
when you want more
downloading speed
rather than the uploading
speed.
Modem Modem (modulator
demodulator) is a device
that allows a given
computer to share data
or otherwise a device
which let computers
exchange information.

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Wireless access It is a hardware device or
point configured node on a
local area network (LAN)
that allows wireless
capable devices and
wired networks to
connect through a
wireless standard,
including Wi-Fi or
Bluetooth.
PC video It is a video camera that
camera feeds or streams its image
in real time to or through
a computer to computer
network.

External optical An optical drive in a

drive computer system allows
you to use CDs, DVDs,
and Bluray discs to listen
to music or watch a
movie.

USB external HD It is a portable storage

device that can be
attached to a computer
through a USB or FireWire
connection, or wirelessly.
They are typically have
high storage capacities
and are often used to
back up computers or
serve as a network drive.

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Network A network-attached
external storage (NAS) drive. They
HD aren't hooked directly to
any one computer.
Instead, they connect to
a router via Ethernet or
Wi-Fi and are visible to
any computer connected
to that network.
Scanner It is a hardware input
device for a computer.
Scanners allow a user to
take a printed picture,
drawing, or document
and convert it into a
digital file (either an
image or a text file) so
that it can stored,
viewed, and edited on a
computer.
USB printer It is an external hardware
output device responsible
for taking electronic data
stored on a computer or
computing device and
generating a hard copy
of that data.
Flash Drive / It is a small, portable
Memory stick device that plugs into a
computer's
USB port. Like a hard disk,
a USB flash drive stores
information, but with a
flash drive you can easily
transfer that information
from one computer to
another.

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 What I Can Do

ACTIVITY 1
Directions: Given the different cables, identify their functions as well
as the part of computer system each one supports.
Part of the computer
Cables Function
system it supports
Example: Intended for PS/2 type of mouse and PS/2 port
keyboard.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

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ACTIVITY 2
Directions: Identify the following tools and materials, and then
give their uses. Write your answers on your activity sheet.

Name of Tools / Materials Uses

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

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 What’s More

ACTIVITY 3
Directions: In the puzzle below, look for 5 hidden computer
components and give their roles on the computer system. Write
your answer on your activity sheet.

Computer Components Role in the computer system

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

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ACTIVITY 4
Directions: Identify the appropriate term described in each
sentence. Write your answer on your activity sheet.

___________1. A hardware device that filters and forwards

network packets.
___________2. Any physical device that minimizes static
electricity.
___________3. A hand tool used in soldering.
___________4. It is primarily use for gripping, twisting, bending,
and cutting wire and cable.
___________5. It is a device that is used to test the strength and
connectivity of a particular type of cable.

What I Have Learned

I have learned that ______________________________

__________________________________________________
I have realized that_______________________________
__________________________________________________
I will apply ________________________________________
__________________________________________________

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 Assessment

Directions: Select the letter of the best answer for each question.
Write your answer on your activity sheet.
1. A device that controls the movement of the cursor or pointer on
a display screen.
a. Keyboard c. Monitor
b. Mouse d. Tablet cursor

2. It displays information in visual form, using text or graphics.

a. Keyboard c. Monitor
b. Mouse d. Tablet cursor

3. A type of display screen that has a touch sensitive transparent

panel covering the screen.
a. Tablet c. PDAs
b. Smart board d. LCD monitor

4. It serves as the “heart” and “brain” of the computer.

a. Central Processing Unit c. Random Access Memory
b. Read Only Memory d. Compact Disk

5. A device that makes sounds, clips and any audio materials be

heard.
a. Speaker c. Zip drive
b. CD-ROM d. Adapter

6. It utilizes a light-sensitive detector to select object on a display

screen.
a. Plotter c. Printer
b. Light pen d. Track ball
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7. The main circuit board of a computer.
a. Motherboard c. Graphics card
b. ROM d. RAM

8. It refers to people involved in the data processing operations.

a. Analyst c. Programmer
b. Peopleware d. Students

9. It is any machine that feeds data into a computer.

a. Input device c. Storage device
b. Output device d. None of these

10. A set of instructions that guides the hardware to operate

effectively.
a. Hardware c. Software
b. Peopleware d. None of these

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 References

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum TLE-LM-Computer Hardware Servicing

Exploratory Course Grade 7

TLE-ICT Computer Hardware Servicing Learner’s Material-Computer Hardware

Servicing Grade 9

CBLM Module 1: Installing and Configuring Computer Systems. Developed by

John Derrick D. Ramos, May 2015.

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SDO Palawan

Curriculum Implementation Division Office

2nd Floor DepED Palawan Building
Telephone no. (048) 433-3292

Learning Resources Management Section

LRMS Building, PEO Compound
Telephone No. (048) 434-0099
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