PHYSICAL SCIENCE

MOTION
NAME: DATE:

ACTIVITY 1

Direction. Identify the three laws of motion. Give the definition of each laws and provide three example. You can use
pictures as your example.

1. Law of Inertia
- Galileo pioneered the first law, also known as the law of inertia. Additionally, Newton's first law
states that when the body is at rest or moving at a steady pace, it will rest or continue to move in a
straight line at a constant speed unless a force is applied. This was a significant conceptual leap since
it was impossible to observe a moving object without at least some frictional forces dragging against
it during Galileo's time.

Example:

When a basketball player shoots a jump shot, the ball always follows an arcing path. The ball follows this path
because its motion obeys Sir Isaac Newton's laws of Inertia.

2. Law of Force and Acceleration

- Newton's second law quantitatively explains that a force can produce on the motion of the body. It
also states that the rate of change in body momentum is proportional to both magnitude and direction
in the force exerted on it. Newton's second law of motion is defined as the action of objects in which
all current forces are unbalanced. According to the second law, the acceleration of an object is
determined by two variables, which are the net force acting on the object and the mass of the object.
A force applied to a body may change the state of momentum, the direction, or both.
 PHYSICAL SCIENCE
MOTION

Example:
Riding a bicycle is an accurate
demonstration of the law of force and
acceleration. Your bicycle accelerates as
you step on the pedals. By applying
force to the pedals, you increase the
speed of the bicycle.

3. Law of Action and Reaction

- As two bodies interact, they exert forces on each other that are equal in magnitude and opposite in
direction, according to Newton's third law of motion. This third law is also called the law of action
and reaction. This Newton Law is important in analyzing static equilibrium problems where all
forces are balanced, but it also applies to bodies in the same or accelerated movement. This law also
states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. The statement implies that in any
interaction, two forces act on the two interacting objects.

Example:

The swimmer pushes against the pool wall with her feet and accelerates in the direction opposite to that of her push.
The wall has exerted an equal and opposite force back on the swimmer.