Division of City Schools-Manila

Manuel G. Araullo High School

OFFICE OF THE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
S.Y. 2021 - 2022 I First Quarter

INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON

LESSON: DOING PHILOSOPHY Work Sheet No.: 2.1 Week No.: Day: # 01

Student's FN-GN-MI Score

Strand-Gr.-Sec. Date Monday, October 4, 2021
Signature Parent's Name
Teacher Signature

MELC Distinguish a holistic perspective from a partial point of view (PPT 11/12-la-1.1)
Reference DepEd-NCR, DCS-Manila: Alternative Delivery Mode Module in Intro. to Philosophy 2020
Objective Create philosophy in life...
Learning Content Philosophy is all about questions and answers. By now you probably already asked and
answered hundreds of questions in your life.
At this point, It is about time for you to create your Philosophy in life... A Philosophy In
Life is an overall vision or attitude toward life and the purpose of it. We fill up our
time with distractions, never asking whether they are important, whether we really
find them
of value.

DIRECTIONS: First, identify/state your philosophy in life, second, explain your philosophy in life (minimum of
100 words) and finally, create a poster /illustration regarding the message of your philosophy in life.

MY PHILOSOPHY IN LIFE (outlook/viewpoint) …

IDENTIFY your Philosophy In Life..

EXPLAIN/elaborate Your Philosophy' In Life....

CREATE/DRAW an illustration/poster/ interpretation of Your Philosophy in Life. (below)

CRITERIA: Creativity 5pts. I Clarity 5 pts I Coherence 10-pts. I Total 20 pts.

 Division of City Schools-Manila
Manuel G. Araullo High School
OFFICE OF THE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
S.Y. 2021 - 2022 I First Quarter

INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON

LESSON #2: METHODS OF PHILOSOPHIZING Work Sheet No.: 2.2 Week No.: Day: # 02
Student's FN-GN-MI Score
Strand-Gr.-Sec. Date Tuesday, October 5, 2021
Signature Parent's Name
Teacher Signature

MELC Distinguish opinion from truth (PPT 11/12-la-2.1)

Reference DepEd-NCR, DCS-Manila: Alternative Delivery Mode Module in Intro. to Philosophy 2020
Objective Distinguish opinion, fact and truth.
Learning Content A method of philosophizing is a process of determining the truth or drawing a
conclusion from a statement using various philosophical methods.
 Division of City Schools-Manila
Manuel G. Araullo High School
OFFICE OF THE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
S.Y. 2021 - 2022 I First Quarter

INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON

LESSON #2: METHODS OF PHILOSOPHIZING Work Sheet No.: 2.3 Week No.: Day: # 03
Student's FN-GN-MI Score
Strand-Gr.-Sec. Date Wednesday, October 6, 2021
Signature Parent's Name
Teacher Signature
MELC Realize the methods of Philosophy lead to wisdom and truth (PPT 11/12-la-2.3)
Reference DepEd-NCR, DCS-Manila: Alternative Delivery Mode Module in Intro. to Philosophy 2020
Objective Cite examples showing methods of philosophizing.
Learning Content A method of philosophizing is a process of determining the truth or drawing a
conclusion from a statement using various philosophical methods.
Continuation..

LESSON #2: METHODS OF PHILOSOPHIZING Work Sheet No.: 2.3 Week No.: Day: # 03
 Division of City Schools-Manila
Manuel G. Araullo High School
OFFICE OF THE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
S.Y. 2021- 2022 I First Quarter

INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON

LESSON #2: METHODS OF PHILOSOPHIZING Work Sheet No.: 2.4 Week No.: Day: # 04
Student's FN-GN-MI Score
Strand-Gr.-Sec. Date Thursday, October 7, 2021
Signature Parent's Name
Teacher Signature

MELC Analyze the situations that show difference between truth and opinion (PPT 11/12-la-2.2)
Reference DepEd-NCR, DCS-Manila: Alternative Delivery Mode Module in Intro. to Philosophy 2020
Objective Create/draw comic showing various kind of fallacies.
Learning Content FALLACIES are kinds of arguments that may be based on faulty reasoning (Abella, 2016). It is
a defect in an argument other than its having false premises.

Two compelling conceptions of fallacies are that they are false but popular beliefs and that
they are deceptively bad arguments. These we may distinguish as the belief and argument
conceptions of fallacies (Stanford Encyclopedia o Philosophy, 2015).
 Division of City Schools-Manila
Manuel G. Araullo High School
OFFICE OF THE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
S.Y. 2021- 2022 I First Quarter

INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON

LESSON #2: METHODS OF PHILOSOPHIZING Work Sheet No.: 2.5 Week No.: Day: # 05
Student's FN-GN-MI Score
Strand-Gr.-Sec. Date Friday, October 8, 2021
Signature Parent's Name
Teacher Signature

MELC Evaluate opinions. (PPT 11/12-la-2.4)

Reference DepEd-NCR, DCS-Manila: Alternative Delivery Mode Module in Intro. to Philosophy 2020
Objective Distinguish fake news in the social network/media.
Learning Content Misleading statements or outright falsehoods by influential personalities which could
affect public discourse or pose potential harm to the public and false claims and
hoaxes circulated on social media which could affect public safety, have the potential
public opinion, or incite hate. How do we fact-check materials we read online?

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have the
1. Are there potential to
damage the
verifiable subject’s
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THE STEPS IN DOING PHILOSOPHY
1. KNOW THE PROBLEM:
The initials impulse to philosophize may arise from suspicion;
for example: the water boils at 100 degree centigrade. Due to doubting the philosopher starts to ask and
formulate a question.
2. ARRANGING AND ASSESSING THE DATA
To gather necessary or vital information or data gradually and carefully to solve the problem of to the least to give
answers to the existing essential questions confronting and challenging them at the moment.
for example: I want to know if death penalty is moral or immoral, then I will collate all data about the
morality and immorality of death penalty, read books on death penalty; and talk to people on death
penalty and observe countries with death penalty.
3. SUGGESTING THE HYPOTHESIS
In the process of collating data or evidences, even though they are still limited, philosophers begin to suggest or
make a suggestion or make a guess statement as a basis for reasoning and as a starting point for further
investigation of the problem.
for example: “I think death penalty makes the society peaceful and ordered.

4. TESTING THE PROBLEM

It is a way of knowing the truth or falsity of an argument as articulated in the problem.
for example: to know if death penalty makes society peaceful and ordered then I will see the way the
argument is articulated if it is valid or not valid.
5. FINDING OF THE TRUTH (CONCLUSION)
An argument is a set of statements, one of which: the conclusion; the one that claims the truth of the premises(evidence)
the premises; the evidences to be claimed. A good argument is clear, organized, and sound statement of reasons and
may ultimately cure the original doubts and serves as a complete solution to the problem.
for example: All mammals are warm-blooded animals.
Humans are warm-blooded animals.
Therefore, humans are mammals --- this is the conclusion.
6. REFELECTION / PHILOSOPHICAL CRITICISM
Common in the work/composition (opus) of nearly all philosophers, are philosophical criticism and reflection. It is
this make much philosophizing a social endeavor. This can be in the form of “DIALECTIC”. Dialectic is the process
of discussing the truth of opinions presented.
for example: Plato, says that the only real thing is in the realm of the mind or ideas; while Aristotle says
that things perceive by the senses are real things.

THE METHODS OF PHILOSOPHIZING

Methods in philosophizing are similar to tools used in laboratory experiments to ease the work of the empirical
scientist in her works or experiments to seek for the truth.

1. LOGICAL ANALYSIS
This method typical of analytic philosophy and as someone who tends toward that style. The benefit of this approach is
multifaceted, and it provides an argument that supports a conclusion.
FIRST, it allows a person during an argument to get a practice at identifying solid arguments.
SECOND, more systemized, this relies on methods of deduction and one’s ability to master said method. As results,
it gives the arguer a high level of confidence in their work.

2. CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS
This method is extremely useful when responding to the work of those who are not professional philosophers, such as
popular media or politicians. The reason for this is that philosophers are usually very careful to define their terms and
use them consistently. This method is very often use in formal study of philosophy.

3. DECONSTRUCTION
This method is very useful in specific situations. And allows a thinker to challenge their own cultural prejudices (biases)
and thus gain a somewhat more objective point of view. This approach is dynamic and commonly applicable when
we’re looking at situations regarding ethics.
4. PHENOMENOLOGY
This method is applicable when encountering a field of philosophy for the first time. Phenomenology comes from the
terms “phenomena “logos” . Which phenoma- means things they appear in our experiences and logos- the study or
science.
for example: when we first began to think about the existence of god. We, took up the task of proving that God did
not exist; a view counter to our previous belief which was inherited from our cultural context and hence the
deconstructive aspect.
This is invaluable for keeping inquiry honest and continuous.
5. PUBLIC INTELLECTUAL
This is an important role for the philosopher.
Public intellectual serves to popularize philosophical discourse and make it accessible to the common man, who can
only serve to improve our world by making it a better informed, and more educated one.
6. PHILOSOPHY AS DIALOGUE
This approach is very attractive. The usefulness of this approach is that it brings a philosopher into a contact with many
ideas in a short period of time, especially when there are more than two opinions being argued.
It creates a community mentality in which those of different viewpoints are engage in real conversation for the
common goal of truth seeking. In other words, people discuss to work out a problem together, rather than in isolation.

7. COMPARATIVE DESCRIPTIVE APPROACH

This is valuable learning tool, since we often come to understand concepts in relations to what we already know.
for example, if someone understands the social contract of Rousseau, we better be able to explain the subtleties
of Hobbes’ argument by comparison.
However, this approach does not really generate any new knowledge, and though it is a fast-track to understanding, it
does not seem to do anything that could not be accomplished by careful reading of original texts.

8. COMPARATIVE-CONSTRUCTION APPROACH
This very useful method in creating new ideas, which are extremely important to the process of truth seeking.
The only course that we can use this approach is in modern philosophy.

9. INTEGRATING PHILOSOPHY INTO OTHER EXPERIENCES

It is a point of philosophy. WE CAN USE PHILOSOPHY TO INFORM OUR EVERYDAY DECISIONS REGARDING
ethics; interactions with others, lifestyle decisions, etc.

By applying this method in our everyday life, man can create an active philosophizing. Active philosophizing is a method
and a means to use and enjoy time. To feel, to thing and to will, will do engage different attributes of the psyche
regarding the time dimensions.
Your feeling may serve us well here and now. Our thinking is so its advantage if it is based on sensory inputs or scientific
facts and conclusions from the past.

Regarding the WILL (determination) , there is no meaning in relating it to times past. The personal WILL strives when
linking itself to a higher meaning beyond the short time events in body, family, society and Life on Mother Earth. By
balancing the 3 (THREE) INTELLECTUAL attributes, WILL, THINK, and FEEL. We can develop the time sensing system
making humans and mankind feels more at home in the time dimension: PEACE IN MIND, HARMONY, AT HEART AND
COURAGE for the TASK OF CO-CREATING THE FUTURE.