DESINFECTION PROCESS &

INSTRUMENT MONITORING IN WTP

09 March 2021
Amrullah Fatahuddin – BDM East Area - Indonesia
TOPICS
✓ Water Treatment Plant Overview
✓ Desinfection Process
✓ Pretreatment Key Parameter
WHY USE WATER???
WATER
✓ Abundant – MOSTLY ORGANISM NEED WATER
✓ Non-toxic and environmentally safe
✓ Excellent solvent
✓ Easy to handle and transport
✓ Water can hold more heat than almost any other liquid

OUR MISSION Ensure water quality for people around the world.

We make water analysis better – faster, simpler,

OUR VISION greener and more informative – via unsurpassed customer
partnerships, the most knowledgeable experts, and reliable,
easy-to-use products.
 WATER SOURCES
Type of Water TDS,PPM Turbidity,NTU

Surface Water 200 - 400 Dry Season:30 – 80

Rainy Season: 100 - 350
Ground Water 300 - 1000 15 - 20

Sea Water 35,000-60,000 < 10

WATER CONTAMINANT
Contaminants

Suspended Particles Dissolved ions Dissolved Gases

Collodial matter Hardness CO2
Organics, Fe & Mn alkalinity O2
Bioforms Organics & Res.Cl2 H2S , NH3

Filtration Chlorination Ion Exchange Deaeration

Clarification Reverse Osmosis Chemical Scavenging

Microfiltration Activated Carbon Decarbonation

Ultrafiltration Evaporation

Electrodialysis
TYPICAL WTP PROCESS
SUSPENDED SOLID REMOVAL DISSOLVED SOLID REMOVAL

REVERSE
RAW WATER CLARIFICATION FILTRATION SOFTENER ION EXCHANGE
OSMOSIS

Example: Example: Example: Example: Example:

Sea Water Clarifier Multimedia Filter SWRO Cation Exchanger
Deep well DAF Activated Carbon BWRO Anion Exchanger
River Disc Filter Mixed Bed
Ultrafiltration
Bag filter

NaOCl NaCl Acid Acid

Coagulant Antiscalant NaOH
Flocculant Chlorine Scavenger
Non Ox. Biocide
DESINFECTION PROCESS
▪ Mostly industries use Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl ) as
disinfection chemical
▪ NaOCl is liquid which more reactive if compared with solid
such as Caporite and Chlorine Tablet
▪ Available in 10-12% as Cl2 concentration
CHLORINE
NaOCl + H2O → Na+ + HOCl + OH-
HOCl H+ + OCl-

Free Chlorine
Free Chlorine + Organic/Ammonia etc = Combined Chlorine
Free Chlorine + Combined Chlorine = Total Chlorine
METHOD CHLORINE ANALYSIS
DPD Colorimetric Iodometric Titration

Amperometric Titration
Amperometric
WHY CHLORINE ANALYZER???
▪ Must immediately measured
▪ Chlorine takes time to kill microorganism
WHO Technical Notes Water, Enginering and Development Centre “Measuring
Chlorine Levels in Water Supplies” year 2013 mentioned that
“Chlorine needs at least 30 minutes contact time with water to disinfect bacteria in
the range 0.2 to 0.5ppm”
▪ Bacteria growth rapidly in a very short time
▪ Chlorine also have function to oxidize dissolved Mn and Fe to be
suspended matter → In Case use RO unit, No chlorine, Mn and
Fe will give problem in RO unit
WHY CHLORINE ANALYZER???
HACH CHLORINE ANALYZER
Cl17sc Cl10sc

Both
Available in
Free & Total
Chlorine
Parameter
Cl17sc CHLORINE ANALYZER
N, N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine Wűrster Dye Imine

Reagent Total Chlorine:

Additional Iodide in reagent → combine
chlorine oxidized I- to I2
COMPARISON Cl17sc Vs Manual by Lab
▪ Same Method & Calibration
▪ Reagent Cost Cl17sc < Hach Reagent Cost by Colorimeter
Reagent Cost Cl17sc ~IDR 1,200,000 for 1 Months Consumption with cycle 2.5 minutes

1Hour = 24 Analysis
1 Day = 576 Analysis
1 Month = 17,280 Analysis

Cost Per Analysis → IDR 69.4

CALIBRATION Cl17sc
▪ No Calibration
▪ Direct Verification by Sample Grab Sample In
Cl10sc CHLORINE ANALYZER

Total Chlorine:
Sensor Layered by Iodide
 INFLUENCE FACTOR Cl10sc
▪ Flow & Pressure
▪ Air Bubble
▪ Membrane Fouling
▪ pH
▪ Temperature

Good Membrane Vs Fouling Membrane

Good Membrane Vs Delamination Membrane

INFLUENCE pH to AMPEROMETRIC METHOD
INFLUENCE TEMP to AMPEROMETRIC METHOD
Cl10sc CHLORINE ANALYZER
CL17sc Vs CL10sc
CL17sc Vs CL10sc
CL17sc Vs CL10sc
 TURBIDIMETER
▪ Use Nephelometric Method
▪ Available in 2 Measurement
The light scattered at a 90° angle from the
incident beam is captured by a detector.
Every irregularity in this light path leads to
false readings like glass scratches, finger
prints, non-representative particles etc.
Measurement turbidity by directing a laser into a sample
to scatter light off suspended particles. The light
scattered at a 90° angle from the incident beam is
reflected through a conical mirror in a 360° ring around
the sample before it is captured by a detector.
HACH ONLINE TURBIDIMETER
Measure Turbidity & Suspended Solid
Range until 4000NTU & 500g/L

Measure Turbidity
Range until 9,999NTU
Can handle sample up to 70°C

Measure Turbidity
Dedicated for LR Turbidity, Use 360 ° x90 °
Sample TDS <2000ppm

Dedicated for seawater sample

Sample TDS up to 65,000ppm
Key HACH Products
INSTRUMENTATION CHEMISTRIES, REAGENTS,
AND STANDARDS
LABORATORY & FIELD ONLINE / PROCESS
INSTRUMENTATION INSTRUMENATION

ONE STOP SOLUTION FOR YOUR WATER

QUALITY INSTRUMENT MONITORING

Laboratory Instruments Online Sensor & Controller Online Analyzer

Laboratory Meters & Probes

 COMPLETE RANGE OF APPLICATION / SOLUTIONS

LABORATORY/ FIELD PROCESS/ ONLINE SOFTWARE/ SOLUTIONS

Claros - The Water Intelligence System
What we offer What we measure What we offer What we measure
1. InstrumentManagement
➢ Incl. Prognosys for equipment
Meter - O2, pH, Conductivity Controllers - O2, pH, Conductivity diagnostic
s Titrators - Turbidity Probes - Turbidity 2. Data Management
Reagents - Microbiology Analysers - Sludge, Solids 3. Process Management
Photomete - Nutrients Reagents - Nutrients
r Visual - COD, TOC, AOX, BOD Installation/Supplies - TOC, COD, SAC
Tests - Chlorine Services - Chlorine, Ozone
Services - Metals - Flow, Level, Pressure
- Silica - Chloramine
- etc. - Streaming Current

SAMPLERS
Pressure/Vacuum - Portable
Peristaltic - Stationary
CONTROLLER 3 P’s

One controller for the

broadest range of
sensors
29 Analog and Digital
sensors, 15 different
parameters
 Be confident in your water analysis
Be right with expert answers, outstanding support,
and reliable, easy-to-use solutions from Hach