ChemE 101 – 6.

4 Worksheet Department of Chemical Engineering

1st Semester AY 2020-2021 University of the Philippines Diliman
Multiple-Unit Material Balances I

Name ChemE 101 Section

Instructions: Fill in the any missing information in the provided solution to each problem. You may print this worksheet, or, in the
absence of a printer, write the complete solution on another sheet of paper.

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result to a grade of 5.00 in this requirement and may be subjected to further disciplinary action.

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Signature over Printed Name

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PROBLEM 1
Powdered milk is produced by evaporating fresh milk containing 82% water to a moisture content of 50%, which is sent to a
spray dryer to produce a powder containing 3% water. For every 100 kg of final product,

1. How much water is evaporated from the evaporator and the dryer?
2. Find the kg of fresh milk feed.

Solution:
Diagram with complete stream information:

Additional
System Unknowns Balances DF
Equations
Evaporator 1

Spray Dryer

Overall

Assume: steady-state
Basis: 100 kg final product

Around Spray Dryer: :

Solids bal: 0.50 (L ) = 0.97 (100) → L = 194 kg

OMB: 194 =W2 + 100 →W2 = 94 kg

Around Evaporator: :
Solids bal: 0.18 (F ) = 0.50 (194) → F = 538.89 kg
OMB: 538.89 =W1 + 194 →W1 = 344.89 kg

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PROBLEM 2
A liquid mixture containing 30 mol% benzene (B), 25 mol% toluene (T), and the balance xylene (X) is fed at a rate of 100
mol/h to a distillation column. The bottoms product contains 98 mol% X and no B, and 96% of the X in the feed is
recovered in this stream. The overhead product is fed to a second column. The overhead product from the second column
contains 97% of the B in the feed to this column. The composition of this stream is 94 mol% B and the balance T.

Calculate:
1. The percentage of the benzene in the feed to the first column that emerges in the overhead product from the
second column
2. The percentage of the toluene in the feed to the first column that emerges in the bottom product from the second
column

Solution:
Diagram with complete stream information:

Additional
System Unknowns Balances DF
Equations
Column 1 0

Column 2

Overall 1

Assume: steady-state
Basis: 1 hr

Around :

96% X recovery: 0.96 (0.450)(100) = 0.98n! 3 → n! 3 = 44.08 mol

h

OMB: 100 = n! 2 + 44.08 → n! 2 = 55.92 mol

h

B bal: 0.300 (100) = x B 2 (55.92) → x B 2 = 0.536

T bal: 0.250 (100) = xT 2 (55.92) + 0.020 (44.08) → xT 2 = 0.431

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B bal: 0.300 (100) = x B 2 (55.92) → x B 2 = 0.536
T bal: 0.250 (100) = xT 2 (55.92) + 0.020 (44.08) → xT 2 = 0.431
Around Column 2:
97% B recovery: 0.97 (0.536)(55.92) = 0.940n! 4 → n! 4 = 30.96 mol
h

0.940 (30.96)
a) Overall benzene recovery: ×100 = 97%
0.300 (100)

0.892 (24.96)
b) Overall toluene recovery: ×100 = 89%
0.250 (100)

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PROBLEM 3
A simplified flowsheet for the manufacture of sugar
is shown in the figure. Sugarcane is fed to a mill
where a syrup is squeezed out, and the resulting
“bagasse” contains 80% pulp. The syrup (E)
containing finely divided pieces of pulp is fed to a
screen which removes all the pulp and produces a
clear syrup (H) containing 15% sugar and 85%
water. The evaporator makes a “heavy” syrup and
the crystallizer produces 1000 lb/hr of sugar
crystals.

1. Find the water removed in the evaporator, lb/hr

2. Find the composition of the waste stream G
3. Find the rate of feed of cane to the unit, lb/hr

Solution:
Diagram with complete stream information:

Additional
System Unknowns Balances DF
Equations
Mill 1

Screen 1

Evaporator 1

Crystallizer 0

Overall 4

Assume: steady-state
Basis: 1 hr

5

Around crystallizer:
Sugar bal: 0.4K = 1000 → K = 2500 lbh
OMB: 2500 = 1000 + L → L = 1500 lbh

Around evaporator:
Sugar bal: 0.15H = 0.4 (2500) → H = 6666.67 lbh
OMB: 6666.67 = 2500 + J
J = 4166.67 lbh
Around screen:
Pulp bal: 0.14E = 0.95G → E = 95
14
G
OMB: E = G + 6666.67
95
14
G = G + 6666.67 → G = 1152.26 lbh , E = 7818.93 lbh

Sugar bal: 0.13 (7818.93) = y (1152.26) + 0.15 (6666.67)

ysugar = 0.0143

yH O = 0.05 − 0.0143 = 0.0357

2

y pulp = 0.95

Composition of G:
Comp Mass%

sugar 1.4286%

water

pulp

Total

Around mill:
OMB: F = 7818.93 + D
Pulp bal: 0.59F = 0.14 (7818.93) + 0.80D
Solving: F = 24,573.78 lbh , D = 16,754.85 lbh

F = 24,573.78 lbh

After finishing this worksheet, please answer the Learning Log Link assigned to your instructor so that
we could better gauge your progress and adapt as necessary. The link can be found in our ChemE 101
course main page in UVLê.
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