BASIC HVAC PRESENTATION

HEATING VENTILATION
AND
AIR-CONDITIONING

Prepared by:
Jonel A. Sudario

Prepared by:
Jonel A. Sudario
 BASICS OF HVAC

HEATING

VENTILATION

AIR CONDITIONING

Prepared by:
Jonel A. Sudario
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

1. Define heating, ventilation and air-conditioning.

2. Describe the purposes of HVAC.
3. Familiarize the standard human comfort and the factors
affecting it.
4. Identify the application of HVAC.
5. Understand the method of Heat Transfer.
6. Identify the major components and types of air-
conditioning.
7. Psychrometric Process and application.
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Jonel A. Sudario
 BASICS OF HVAC

What is HVAC?
• HVAC stands for Heating, Ventilation and Air conditioning.

• refers to the equipment, distribution network and terminals used

either collectively or individually to provide fresh filtered air,
heating, cooling and humidity control in a building or occupied
space.

• HVAC systems control the indoor environment (temperature,

humidity, airflow, and air filtering)
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Jonel A. Sudario
 BASICS OF HVAC

Human Comfort
• Condition at which most people are
likely to feel comfortable most of
the time.

• Also called as Thermal Comfort.

• Humans generally feel comfortable

between temperatures of 22 °C to
27 °C and a relative humidity of
40% to 60%.
(ASHRAE Standard 55)
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Jonel A. Sudario
 BASICS OF HVAC

Factors Affecting Human Comfort

• Temperature
• Humidity
• Air movement
• Fresh Air
• Clean Air
• Noise level
• Adequate lighting

• Proper furniture and work

surfaces
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 BASICS OF HVAC

By Using HVAC System:

• Temperature can be raised or lowered.

• Humidity can be raised or lowered.

• Maintain proper filtration of air.

• Proper air movement.
• Outside air can be added or removed.
• To hold the air contamination within acceptable limits.
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Jonel A. Sudario
 BASICS OF HVAC

Application of HVAC:

• Residential
• Commercial
• Industrial
• Educational
• Pharmaceuticals
• Hospitals
• Malls
• Offices
• And many more….
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Jonel A. Sudario
 BASICS OF HVAC

Heat Transfer:

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 BASICS OF HVAC

Conduction, Convection & Radiation

• Conduction – is the
transfer of heat through
solid matters.

• Convection – is the
transfer of heat through
liquid.

• Radiation – is transfer of
heat through gas/air.

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Jonel A. Sudario
 BASICS OF HVAC

Heat Transfer:

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 BASICS OF HVAC

Major Components of Air-Conditioning System:

• Compressor
➢ This component is the heart of the system
➢ Pump refrigerant through system
➢ Separates the high pressure side of the system from low
pressure side.
➢ If its fail, no cooling is takes place.

• Condenser
➢ Condenser coil is what gets rid of the heat in the system.
➢ Can be water cooled (located inside, cooled with cooling
tower water) or air cooled (located in outside open to
atmosphere) type.
Prepared➢by: Traps dirt and require preventive maintenance and cleaning.
Jonel A. Sudario
 BASICS OF HVAC

• Evaporator
➢ Provide cooled air to the space.
➢ Located after the system air filters.
➢ Removes moisture from air (condensate).
➢ Traps inside dirt’s/dust in filters, so require preventive maintenance.

• Thermal expansion valve

➢ Located at the evaporator coil.

➢ Provide the correct amount of refrigerant to the evaporator

coil for proper cooling.
➢ Separates the high pressure side of the system from low
pressure side.
Prepared by:
➢ Failure could cause compressor failure & loss of cooling capacity.
Jonel A. Sudario
 BASICS OF HVAC

Major Types of Air-Conditioning Systems

• Window AC
• Split AC
• Cassette AC
• Package AC
• Air Handling Unit (AHU)
(DX and CHW)

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 BASICS OF HVAC

Unit of Refrigeration
• Tons of Refrigeration (TR)
One ton of refrigeration (TR) is the amount of heat transfer rate
required to melt 1 ton (2000lbs) of ice in one day (24 hrs)

• 1 TR = 12,000 BTU/HR
Prepared by: = 3.516 KW
Jonel A. Sudario = 3024 KCAL/HR
 BASICS OF HVAC
Refrigeration Cycle

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 BASICS OF HVAC
CHILLED WATER ISOMETRIC DIAGRAM

AHU

CHILLER

PUMP

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 PSYCHROMETRIC CHART

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 PSYCHROMETRIC CHART

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 PSYCHROMETRIC CHART

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 EXAMPLE:
➢ Find the properties of moist air when the dry-bulb
temperature (DBT) is 80 ˚F and the wet-bulb
temperature (RH) 40%

Question.
A. Moisture content H

Ans. 0.009 lb water / lb dry air

Question.
B. Dewpoint

Ans. 53 ˚ F

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Jonel A. Sudario
Prepared by:
Jonel A. Sudario