7556 DLORATIONE PRODUCTION CHAD NG Ecs 3-74 PIPING FLEXIBILITY AND ‘SUPPORTS Page 1 of 11 SeECIFICATION Rev. ‘Aug 1997 Changes shown by => Feary Reviewed By Tamara ey fev Date scp Engineering rae Ne Encieee iinnager Engineer! Manager 7 Tras 7 esy Tere 7 Ka e 30 S609? | C.habee 122 LLL Jose |ESS ERLORATIONE PRODUCTION CHAD INC. ECS 3-7-1 PIPING FLEXIBILITY AND SUPPORTS Page 2 of 11 SPECIFICATION. Rev. 2 Aug. 1997. Changes shown by = TABLE OF CONTENTS SCOPE....... - DEFINITIONS ...seste SUMMARY OF ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS... SUPPORTS AND ANCHORS....... FLEXIBILITY AND STABILITY. LIST OF TABLES Revision Memo 5/1995 Revision 1, Original issue 2/1997 Revision 2 Par 4.4 is deleted fo remove restriction on use of halt-pipe cradle supports. Par 5.9 is deletec to disallow the use of sliding type expansion jointESSO EXPLORATIONS PRODUCTION CHAD INC, PIPING FLEXIBILITY AND ‘SUPPORTS Page 3 of 11 SPECIFICATION Rev.2 | Aug. 1997 Changes shown by = SCOPE 1.1. This speaification covers requirements governing support, anchorage, and the provision of thermal expansion and contraction flexibility for piping. 4.2. An asterisk (*) indicates that additional information is provided by ESSO in an addendum to this specification. 4.3. A pound sign (#) indicates that ESSO review/approval is required before design is finalized or equipment is purchased. DEFINITIONS 2.1 Abnormal conditions - conditions encountered in pipelines during: a, Aloss of cooling medium flow. b. Cessation of process flow while ine heating facilities remain operative. Anticipated start-up and shutdown requirements, including steam-out and process upsets causing temperature fluctuations. 2.2 Design average minimum temperature - the average of recorded coldest day temperature (dry bulb) for the job site. 23 Mini um temperature - lowest recorded job site temperature (dry bulb). SUMMARY OF ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1. Table 1 lists the standards, specifications and codes which shall be used with this specification. 3.2 The equipment and materials used shall conform to the latest editions, revisions and addenda of the codes, standards and regulations listed in Table 1. TABLE 1 ESSO CHAD Specifications a4 Piping Design and Layout 3:32 ‘Suction and Discharge Piping for Centrifugal Pumps 335 ‘Suction, Discharge and interstage Piping for Reciprocating Compressors ai TABLE 1 (CONT'D)S50 EXPLORATIONS PRODUCTION CHAD INC. ECS 3. PIPING FLEXIBILITY AND | SUPPORTS Page 4 of 11 SPECIFICATION Rev.2 | Aug, 1997 Changes shown by => 3314 ‘Auxiliary Piping for Machinery 373 ‘Thrust Blocks for Underground Cast Iron and Non-Metallic Pressure Pipe | 3-104 Piping Selection Criteria. | 422 Pipe Supports 46-4 Reinforced Concrete Foundations and Anchor Bolts, 14.3-1 Fireproofing | ASME/ANSI Codes and Standards 831.4 Power Piping | 831.3 Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping Section _ Pressure Vessels, altemative Rules Division 2 vl NEMA Standard sM23 ‘Steam Turbines for Mechanical Drive Service 3.3. NEMA SM-23 shall be used with this specification for calculating allowable forces and moments at nozzle connections of steam turbines and compressors. 3.4 ECS 3-3-2 shall be used with this specification for calculating maximum allowable nozzle forces and moments as limited by base plate construction and related shaft deflection. SUPPORTS AND ANCHORS 4.1 Supports shall be suitable for carrying the weight of the piping when filled with water during hydrostatic pressure testing, except where: # a Pneumatic testing has been approved by ESSO. b. The specific gravity (relative density) of the process fluid exceeds 1.0 4.2 Supports for piping excluded by subpar. a. and b. above shall be designed to carry the weight of piping that exists during process operation. 4.3 Pipe supports shall be structural steel or reinforced concrete. 44 Deleted 4.5 Pipe reinforcing at locations of point or line support for horizontal pipe runs shall be perESS EXPLORATIONS PRODUCTION CHAD INC. ECS 3-7-4 PIPING FLEXIBILITY AND ‘SUPPORTS Page 5 of 11 SPECIFICATION Rev.2 | Aug. 1997_| Changes shown by => Table 2. 46 — Hot service insulated lines shall be supported with steel support shoes welded to the pipe. 47 Heat traced lines shall be supported by shoes or similar devices which will permit continuous insulation at the support beam TABLE 2 Outside Pipe Diameter | Diameter/Thickness (1) | Minimum Reinforcing D Dit Required | D<20in. Al None D220 in. DA< 95 Pad or Saddle D<40 in, Dit> 95 Saddle D>40 in, Al Saddie™ Notes: 1. t= minimum wall thickness for the fully corroded condition. 2, Pads shall be installed with continuous welding, have a thickness equal to the uncorroded pipe wall thickness, wrap around 1/3 of the pipe circumference have a 3 mm (1/8 in) vent hole plugged with sealant, and have a minimum length of 300 mm (12 in.) 3. Saddles shall be designed considering the stress distribution at the support points, and stiffener rings shall be employed if necessary to distribute support point stresses around pipe circumference. 4, Saddles are required for support spans greater than 12 m (40 ft). 4.8 — Guides shall be provided on piping (insulated or uninsulated) at support points nearest to the dimensions shown in Table 3. Guides on adjacent piping shall be staggered where possible.SSO EXPLORATIONS PRODUCTION CHAD INC. Ecs PIPING FLEXIBILITY AND ‘SUPPORTS. Page 6 of 11 SPECIFICATION Rev 2 Aug. 1997_| Changes shown by => TABLE 3 Pipe Size (NPS) 2and 3 4 6 | 8To | 14To | 24and smaller 12 | 20 _| larger On Horizontal Pipe | 12 15 | 18 | 24 | 26 | 60 60 Runs (m) i On Vertical Pipe 7 8 9 10, 12 14 18 Runs (m) L 4.9 When pipe shoes are installed on stress relieved pipe, clamped on type pipe shoes shall be used 4.10 The length of pipe shoes and pipe supports shall be adequate to accommodate the maximum thermal movements of the piping. 4.11. Piping anchors shall be designed for the forces developed under normal or abnormal conditions, whichever governs. The design of structures anchoring more than one line shall accommodate the more stringent combination of the forces due to abnormal conditions on the basis of Table 4 TABLE 4 Total Number Of Lines At An Anchor | Percent Of Lines Under Abnormal Structure That Could Have Abnormal | Conditions To Be Used In Design (1) Conditions il 100% 2tod 50% Over 4 25% Note: 1. Use next larger whole number of lines indicated. Generally select largest lines providing thrust loads are in the same direction 4.12. Anchors shall be provided at the process unit limit on all piping to prevent transmission of stresses. 4.13. Piping restraints for lines subject to slug flow shail be approved by ESSO. 4.14 Piping restraints and anchors including related structure intended to limit forces and moments on rotating equipment shall be designed to minimize defection under loadE550 EPLORATIONS PRODUCTION CHAD INC, ECS 3-7-4 PIPING FLEXIBILITY AND SUPPORTS. Page 7 of 17 SPECIFICATION Rev.2 | Aug 1997_| Changes shown by => ‘The allowable stress in bending for steel components of such restraints is 14 MPa (2000 psi) 4.18 Anchors, supports, and restraints on compressor piping shall not be attached to the building structure. 4.16 The designs of supports, anchors, and restraints for all compressor and steam turbine piping systems, and for all other pipe larger than 24 in. OD, shall be approved by ESSO, 4.47 The following coefficient of static friction shall be used to determine forces at sliding surfaces: PTFE on PTFE 0.10 Steel on Stee! 0.40 Steel on Concrete 0.45 4.18 Coefficients of static friction to be used for other material combinations shall be reviewed with ESSO. 4.19 All spring hangers and supports shail be adjusted in the field, after unit startup, in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Manufacturer's name plate shall indicate hot and cold set points. 4.20 Variable spring hangers and supports shall be provided with a scale showing the range of working load and a means of adjustment. Constant support spring hangers shall be provided with the calibration load clearly indicated, a scale showing the range of movement and an accurate means of adjustment, 4.21 Calibration plates shall be made of metal and shall be permanently fastened to the ‘spring housing. 4.22 Where Teflon bearing pads are used at pipe supports, the top pad shall overlap the bottom pad by a minimum of 13 mm (1/2 in.) in both cold and hot positions. Altematively, a cover shall be provided to prevent dirt from getting on the pads. 4.23 Where Graphite slide plates are used at pipe supports, the proposed method of bonding the graphite to the pipe shoe and/or pipe supports shall be approved by ESSO. Approval will be based on proof of satisfactory performance of the proposed bonding method in similar applications, 4.24 The designs of pipe supports, anchors, and restraints employing PTFE or other low friction materials or bearing surfaces shall be reviewed by ESSO.SEO EXPLORATIONS PRODUCTION CHAD INC. ECs 3-7-1 PIPING FLEXIBILITY AND SUPPORTS Page 8 of 11 SPECIFICATION Rev.2__| Aug. 1997 ‘Changes shown by => 4.25 Dead-ended extensions of piping shall not be used in lieu of dummy pipe supports, or equivalent structural members, to span the distance from piping runs to the nearest support structure. Dummy pipe supports, where used, shall be provided with a low point drain hole. For horizontal installations, the drain hole shall be located near the point of attachment to the piping component. 4.26 Where stagnant or confined areas of piping are unavoidable due to piping layout requirements, the location of all such piping components shall be documented to ESSO for corrosion monitoring FLEXIBILITY AND STABILITY 5.1 Flexibility analysis for piping shall be per ANSI 831.3, and shall be made by using the greatest temperature differential imposed by normal operation, start-up. shutdown, decoking, steam-out, or abnormal conditions. The metal temperature for each condition shall be the temperature of the contained fluid. Metal temperature for lines without extemal insulation may be reduced by 5%. Temperature differentials for each condition shall be determined according to Table 6. TABLE 5 Metal Temperature Temperature Differential (2) Above 80° C (176° F) ‘Metal temperature minus design minimum temperature Below 80° C (176° F) “” but above 80° C (176° F) ” minus design minimum, design minimum temperature © temperature ® Minimum temperature 80° C (176° F) minus metal temperature Notes: 1. The 80° C (176" F) temperature is considered to be the maximum metal temperature resulting from solar radiation with no flow in the line. 2. Under certain conditions of dual service, the fluid temperature range may be both above and below average minimum winter dry bulb temperature 3, Minimum design air temperature is 15° C (59° F) (average minimum dry bulb temperature). 4, Minimum air temperature is 10° C (50° F) (below average minimum dry bulb temperature), 5.2 For flexibility analysis of lines outside of process unit limits, twice the allowable stress range (S,) permitted in ASME 831.3 may be used for abnormal conditions, provided:ESSO EXPLORATION PRODUCTION CHAD NC, SUPPORTS Page 9 of 11 ECS PIPING FLEXIBILITY AND 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 SPECIFICATION Rev.2 Aug. 1987 Changes shown by => a. The fluid temperature at abnormal conditions is below the auto-ignition temperature and 260° C (500° F). b. Abnormal conditions do not ocour more than 5 times per year. c. The allowable stress range (S:) shall be calculated for the abnormal conditions only. Credit shall not be taken for sustained longitudinal stresses being less than ASME B31.3 allowable value Nozzle allowable stresses for pressure vessels shall be limited in accordance with ASME Section Vill Division 2. For lateral stability of lines outside of process unit limits, axial thrust loads in long, horizontal runs of pipe (due to static friction resistance to thermal expansion at the support points) shall not exceed the critical buckling load. If necessary, lateral guides shall be used to give stability to the line. For friction effects, no credit shall be taken for reduced thermal expansion movements or reduced flexibility stresses due to the elastic axial compression resulting from support point friction forces. For lap joint flanges, the combined longitudinal stress in the pipe where attached to the lap-joint stub-end flanges, resulting from pressure, weight, and thermal expansion, shall not exceed the ASME 831.3 basic allowable stress at the pipe design temperature For Venturi gate valves, flexibilty stresses in the valve body shall be determined based (on the minimum section modulus of the valve body (excluding ribs and bosses). The stress range calculated in this manner shall not exceed the allowable stress range for the valve material. Expansion bends and offsets shall be used instead of expansion joints or a flexible metal hose within all process unit areas, or designated “potential” fire areas outside process unit areas (e.g. within 7.5 m (25 ft.) of pumps, compressors, and fired heaters), deleted. Additional Requirements for Piping Connected to Rotating Machinery 6.10.1 The use of cold spring for piping systems which connect to rotating equipment is prohibited. 5.10.2 The use of couplings or expansion joints in the suction or discharge lines of pumps in cooling water service is acceptable. They shall be located on the pump side of the pump suction or discharge block valve, as appropriate. All pressure thrust loads shallESSO EXPLORATIONS PRODUCTION CHAD INC. SPECIFICATION PIPING FLEXIBILITY AND SUPPORTS ECS 3-7-1 Page 10 of 11 Rev. Aug. 1897 Changes shown by = be absorbed by anchors or tie rods, and not by the coupling or expansion joint. The type of coupling and piping system design shall be reviewed with ESSO. 5.10.3 Thrust loads and moments imposed on mechanical equipment shall not exceed the equipment manufacturer's recommended values, except for the following. a. Steam turbines and compressors with piping connections NPS 3 and smaller per applicable API Standards. b. For centrifugal pumps with piping connections NPS 3 and smaller, the external force and moment limitations will be spectied by the pump purchase specifications, and shall be per ECS 3-3-2. c. For steam turbines, compressors and centrifugal pumps with piping connections larger than NPS 3: Piping shall be supported such that nozzle loads due to weight in the operating condition are eliminated or minimized. Analysis shall verify that nozzle loads (forces and moments) and deflections do not exceed allowable values for the load cases tabulated in Table 6. TABLE 6 Equipment Load Cases (1), (2) Condition OF Configuration Evaluation Criteria Compressors other than reciprocating type; steam turbines Flange alignment Piping not connected to equipment fange ‘Spring supports active Piping at “cold condition” Piping Installed to meet allowable flange misalignment crteria ‘Weight and thermal ‘expansion Piping connectes to equipment Spring supperts active [All normal and abnormal ‘operating conditions ‘Maximum allowabie nozzle torces 1. Compressors - 1.85, times values per NEMA SM.23 2. Steam Turbines - Yolues per NEMA sM-23 Centrifugal Pumps ‘Weight and thermal ‘expansion Piping connected t| equipment Spring supports active ‘Allnormal and abnormal ‘operating conditions Maximum allowable nozzle forces and moments ans relates baseplate construction per ECS 3.3.2ESSO EXPLORATIONS: PRODUCTION CHAD INC. ECs 3-7. PIPING FLEXIBILITY AND ‘SUPPORTS. Page 11 of 11 | Rev.2 Aug. 1997 SPECIEICATION Changes shown by = Notes: al "Weight" loads include the weight of piping, insulation, heat tracing, and process fluid, 2, "Thermal Expansion” load considerations shall be governed by the following: a. The expected thermal movements at equipment flanges due to casing expansion shall be obtained from the equipment vendors b. For the case of "process flow offiheat tracing on", process piping metal temperature shall be considered equal to the heat tracing design temperature unless the average metal temperature is determined by heat transfer calculations, # c. For the compressor recycle system, the proposed method of evaluating the effect of a recycle operation shall be reviewed with ESSO. # d. The proposed method of evaluating the effect of discharge from pressure relief devices shall be reviewed with SSO. 2. For spared pump installation, if no warm-up facilities are required, interconnecting piping metal temperature shall be considered to be at minimum ambient temperatures. If warm-up facilities are required, the metal temperature shall be taken as the average of the design and ambient temperatures. {For spring supports, the variation of spring force with deflection shall be included in the analysis. 3. The effects of friction shall be considered. When it is apparent that frictional effects will significantly increase nozzle loadings, analysis shall include frictional effects. No credit shall be taken for frictional effects when they result in reduced nozzle loadings.