Lpg Leakage detection and monitoring system 2020

CHAPTER1
INTRODUCTION
Internet of things endeavor towards making life simpler and faster by automating the entire
small tasks associated with the life of human. Today, everything is getting smart due to the
technological progress such as of IOT. As IOT is very beneficial for automating the tasks, the
advantage of IOT can also be comprehensive for enhancing the convenient safety methods.
Gas leakage leads to various accidents resulting in both material loss and
human injuries. The risk of explosion, firing, suffocation are based on their physical
properties such toxicity, flammability, etc. The number of deaths due to explosion of gas
cylinders has been increasing in recent years. The reason for such explosion is due to
substandard cylinders, old valves, worn out regulators and lack of awareness in handling gas
cylinders. The LPG or propane is a flammable mixture of hydrocarbon gases used as fuel in
many applications like homes, hostels, industries, automobiles, vehicles because of its
desirable properties which include high calorific value, less smoke, less soot, and meager
harm to the environment. Natural gas is another widely used fuel in homes. Both gases burns
to produce clean energy, however there is a serious problem of their leakage. Being heavier
than air, these gases do not disperse easily. It may lead to suffocation when inhaled and may
lead to explosion . Due to the explosion of LPG, the number of deaths has been increased in
recent years. To avoid this problem there is a need for a system to detect the leakage of LPG.
Gas leak detection is the process of identifying potentially hazardous gas leaks by means of
various sensors .
man prefers to get the work faster and easier is cooking. Most commonly LPG is used for
cooking purpose which was introduced by Dr.Walter Snelling. It is aamalgamation of
propane and butane along with saturated contents in addition to unsaturated hydrocarbon
contents . Gas enterprises uses SMS, IVRS or Online booking for the LPG, which is time
consuming methods in people’s daily life[1].
However, due to fast nature and high competition, today people look for smarter way of
operations than tedious and mechanical as well as manual routine. As such, booking gas has
also become one of the tasks where one has tendency to either postpone or forget its booking
due to busy schedule and lack of time .Usually in home or industries, most of the disaster
happens due to gas leakages[10], which leads to several accidents and also causes human life.

DEPT OF CSE ,GEC HUVINHADAGLI Page 1

 Lpg Leakage detection and monitoring system 2020

In order to handle such situation, the proposed gas leakage detection and monitoring system
is developed and put forth in this paper.
In this layout MQ-5 sensor is used to detect and sense the gas leakage, it is capable of
sensing H2(molecule hydrogen),LPG,CH4(methane),CO(carbon monoxide) and Alcohol[5],
This proposed system is not only capable of Sensing or detecting the gas leakages as well as
alerting the user about the gas leakage by buzzer alarm and sending notification to the user in
the other side automatic LPG booking is allowed this is done by using load cell[3] ,as soon as
the LPG reaches below the threshold level it will send a notification about the low weightage
of LPG by getting notification user can be able to book a LPG by just confirming message
through the mobile which is connected to Wi-Fi

LPG LEAKAGE DETECTION AND MONITORING SYSTEM

The sensors microcontrollers ,relays ,LCD display and buzzer which is being motorized by
power supply .this power supply sector is involved to convert from alternative current to
direct current and to decrease the amplitude signal
Mq 5 sensor
It is constructed by micro AL203 ceramic pipe and contains SnO2 (Tin Dioxide) layer,
capable of measuring electrode and heater covered by plastic and stainless steel [9]
Arduino
Arduino is a microcontroller, whose main aim is to make electronic to be as easy as possible.
It uses different microcontrollers, containing several input and output pins[7]. Several
methods are available in order to flash the memory and RAM in the Adriano .It provides
integrated development environment (IDE). Arduino contains several numbers of parts and
integrated interfaces in a particular circuit board.
Relay
A relay is an electrical switch which is used to control all other electronic devices by using
electromagnetic mechanical toggle
LCD display
LCD (liquid crystal display) contains two interfaces on upper and lower side of the module.
the 16x2 LCD display has the height and width size of 80.0 x 36.0 mm and containing VA
size of 66.0 x 16.0 mm and thickness is 13.2 mm. its operating power supply ranges from
+5.0 V or +3.0 V.

DEPT OF CSE ,GEC HUVINHADAGLI Page 2

 Lpg Leakage detection and monitoring system 2020

Load cell
Load cell is a transducer which is used to transform force into electronic output [6].
Basically, it is used to detect the weight of the cylinder in this proposed system [12] and is
organized to Interface with Microcontroller.
Wi-Fi modem
Wi-Fi network can easily establish a connection through a serving Wi-Fi adapter. It is easily
accessible by any microcontroller due to its simple connection through UART (universal
asynchronous receiver/transmitter) interface.
Buzzer
A buzzer is an audio signalling device which is capable of controlling microcontrollers IO
directly, with the working voltage of 5V.

DEPT OF CSE ,GEC HUVINHADAGLI Page 3

 Lpg Leakage detection and monitoring system 2020

CHAPTER2
LITERATURE SURVEY
Title:”A Security Alert System Using Gsm For Gas Leakage “
Author: S.Rajitha ,T.Swapna
Year:2012

LPG gas which used in many applications because of its desirable properties like homes,
hostels, industries, vehicles so we can use this device

Fig2.1: system block diagram

The system mainly consists of LPG gas leakage detection system, Microcontroller with GSM module
and protection circuitry. The main function of gas leakage detection module which consist of gas
sensor to continuously detect the gas leakage in the air. For the gas leakage detection a solid state gas
sensor MQ5 is used. MQ5 gas sensor which offers many advantages like long lifetime, low cast,
reliable and high sensitive to LPG gas. In gas sensors Tin dioxide is the most common material, when
any specified gases leak in the air, the electrical resistance in the sensor decreases. MQ5 gas sensor
less

DEPT OF CSE ,GEC HUVINHADAGLI Page 4

 Lpg Leakage detection and monitoring system 2020

Title :” Automatic Lpg Booking, Leakage Detection And Real Time Gas
Monitoring System,”
Author: N. S. G. B. D. Jolhe And P. A. Potdukhe
Year: 2013.

The system block diagram comprises of parts as shown in figure 1. It consists of

microcontroller (ATMega16A), gas sensor, weight sensor (Load Cell- L6D), GSM module
(SIMCOM 300), and display(s).

Fig2.2: System Block Diagram

Above operations require a very fast, single cycle execution rate microcontroller like
ATMega16A. As shown in above figure 1, the microcontroller is at the centre of the system.
It is having features like 16Kb internal RAM making easy storage of entire code in
microcontroller itself, also the 1 MIPS per MHz instruction cycle execution rate enhanced
overall system performance.

DEPT OF CSE ,GEC HUVINHADAGLI Page 5

 Lpg Leakage detection and monitoring system 2020

Title: Lpg Detection, Measurement And Booking System

Author:Shivalingesh B.M, Ramesh C, Mahesh S.R, Pooja R, Preethi
Year:2014

The real-time control of home is affordable at low cost and achievable by the use of
pervasive sensors and actuators.

Fig2.3: System block diagram

An efficient and fast working controller is needed to continuously sense the LPG gas
and its level (weight) sensor’s output. Also a fast reply is desired when leakage is
found. Along with this a system must possess capacity to store some information
which can be used for further processing. Above operations require a very fast, single
cycle execution rate microcontroller like ATMega128. As shown in above figure 1,
the microcontroller is at the centre of the system.

DEPT OF CSE ,GEC HUVINHADAGLI Page 6

 Lpg Leakage detection and monitoring system 2020

Title:”Lpg Gas Weight And Leakage Detection System Using Gsm”

Author: Mr.Sameer Jagtap,Prajkta Bhosale, Priyanka Zanzan
Year: 2016

Fig2.4. Block Diagram of LPG Gas weight and leakage detection system

LPG Gas Weight and Leakage Detection System Using GSM .This is useful in various
applications in homes and hotels. Many times it happens that because of the rush or due to the
shortage of cylinder, there is a delay in providing the gas cylinder. Main reason behind this is
delay in informing to the gas provider or we inform the gas provider at the last moment when
the gas cylinder is empty. So the use of first low priority SMS is the user gets intimation
about the weight of the gas. So the user can book a new gas cylinder. It avoids the
problematic situation caused due to unavailability of gas cylinder. Sometimes the leakage of
the LPG gas is not detected by person due to low séance of smell so in this project we use
the gas sensor for leakage detection. In this project whenever there is LPG gas leakage is
occurred then buzzer is ON. This project avoids the accident which is caused due to leakage
of LPG gas

DEPT OF CSE ,GEC HUVINHADAGLI Page 7

 Lpg Leakage detection and monitoring system 2020

Title:Sms Based Gas Leakage Monitoring In Residential And Industrial

Are
Author: A. Shiyana, Mrs. R. Deepa
Year: Jan 2017

Gas leakage is a major problem in homes and industrial areas etc. This system was designed
and programmed. Embedded c language were used to write program codes. When the gas
leakage is detected, the user receives an sms from the control unit.

Fig2.5: system block diagram

In this figure we designed two motive force circuitry one to power motor to close
knob. microcontroller instructions driving force circuitry for exhaust fan to turn the
fan on to release the gasoline outdoor from the room and concurrently microcontroller
commands every other circuitry a relay circuitry to shut the fuel knob

DEPT OF CSE ,GEC HUVINHADAGLI Page 8

 Lpg Leakage detection and monitoring system 2020

Title: Lpg Gas Leakage Detection And Alert System

Author:E. Jebamalar Leavline , B. Abinaya,H. Deepika
Year: Decm 2017

Liquid petroleum gas (LPG) is highly inflammable and can burn Most fire accidents
are caused because of a poor-quality rubber tube or the regulator is not turned off
when not in use.

Gas leakage is a major problem in homes and industrial areas etc. To secure life and
property being destroyed. This paper is used to avoid this damage. This project is
implemented to avoid loss of property and life through a gas leakage. This involves
hardware and software components. This system was designed and programmed.
Embedded c language were used to write program codes. When the gas leakage is
detected, the user receives an sms from the control unit.

DEPT OF CSE ,GEC HUVINHADAGLI Page 9

 Lpg Leakage detection and monitoring system 2020

Title :” IoT Based Gas Leakage Detection and Alert Generation,”

Author: Rahul Nalawade, Onkar Jadhav, Vaibhav Thorat
Year: 2018

LPG is as of now the most utilized gas in our home for cooking purposes. LPG gas is a
combustible gas, if spilled it can make real harm to the life and property. The main highlight
of the LPG is that it is heavier than the air present in our surrounding so it does not scatter
effectively which in case inhaled by someone while

Methods based on the mathematical model of the pipe have good results at high flow rates
while at low flow rates a mass balance based detection system would be more suitable.
Hybrid systems benefiting from the real-time detection capability of a software based method
and the high localization accuracy of a hardware based technique, along with other specific
advantages of both approaches, seem to be the future trend in gas leak detection.
The gas leakage causes the wastage of the gas and mainly as its combustible serious harm
can be done to the living thing and other property. To overcome such an incident, we are
developing a IoT based Gas Leakage Detection and Alert Generating system this will notify
the user about the leakage and take the safety measures instantly. The proposed system can be
use in the area where the gas is frequently used such as kitchens and industries and even in
the gas operated vehicles too. The idea of the system is that the gas sensor is used which
detects the presence on the gas in the surrounding atmosphere and if the value of the gas in
atmosphere is increased then the threshold value alert is generated by the system and the
system can be monitored and controlled remotely

DEPT OF CSE ,GEC HUVINHADAGLI Page 10

 Lpg Leakage detection and monitoring system 2020

Title: Intelligent Gas Leakage Detection System With Iot Using

Esp 8266 Module
Author: V.Naren, P.Indrajith, R.Aravind Prabhu
Year:Decm 2018

Home automation has become very affordable and many people, industries
has started to automate daily routines like light, fans, setting the temperature, etc,. The main
objective of the project is to build a Gas leakage detector using LPG gas sensor and also
connect it with IoT using ESP module for safety and security. Arduino is used as the main
controller. The final output of the project is used to detect leakage if gas from cylinders and
also notify the user by connecting via IoT software
Gas leakage detector using LPG gas sensor and also connect it with IoT using
ESP module for safety and security. It is an economical system which can be installed in
apartments, hotels and wherever it is needed

COMPONENTS:
1) Arduino uno Microcontroller.
2) MQ5 LPG Gas Sensor
3) ESP 8266 Module
4) Direction Control Valve
5) Thingspeak IoT software:
The ultimate aim of the project is to make a finished product of Gas leakage detection system for
Household. With the advancement of internet in homes, the safety can be further increased with
introduction of Internet of things. The product consists of outer wooden casing in shape of a box to
carry the Arduino controller, solenoid, MQ4 sensor, ESP Wi-Fi module and a Buzzer.

DEPT OF CSE ,GEC HUVINHADAGLI Page 11

 Lpg Leakage detection and monitoring system 2020

Title:Gas Leakage Detection And Automatic Gas Booking Alert

System Using Iot
Author: Anusuya. A Kanimozhi. Rathna. S
Year:2019
LPG gas sensor module to detect LPG Gas. When LPG gas leakage occurs, When Arduino
gets a HIGH pulse from LPG Gas module it shows “LPG Gas Leakage Alert” message on
16x2 LCD When LPG gas detector module gives LOW pulse to Arduino,

then LCD shows “No LPG Gas Leakage” message.MQ2 gas sensor can be used to detect the
presence of LPG Propane and Hydrogen Worldwide System for Mobile Communications
(GSM) is the world's most prevalent standard for portable communication frameworks GSM
module is there to send immediate messages to the stakeholders regarding the gas leak and
thus it lowers the intensity of accidents GSM module in this device ensures better safety
regarding thegas leaks
While LPG is an essential need of every household, its leakage could lead to a disaster. To
alert on LPG leakage and prevent any mis happening there are various products to detect the
leakage. Here we have developed an Arduino based LPG gas detector alarm. If gas leakage
occurs, this system detects it and makes an alert by buzzing the buzzer attached with the
circuit. This system is easy to build and anyone who have some knowledge of electronics and
programming can build it. We have used a LPG gas sensor module to detect LPG Gas. When
LPG gas leakage occurs, it gives a HIGH pulse on its DO pin and Arduino continuously reads
its DO pin. When Arduino gets a HIGH pulse from LPG Gas module it shows “LPG Gas
Leakage Alert” message on 16x2 LCD and activates
buzzer which beeps again and again until the gas detector module doesn't sense the gas in
environment.

DEPT OF CSE ,GEC HUVINHADAGLI Page 12

 Lpg Leakage detection and monitoring system 2020

CHAPTER 3
PROPOSED SYSTEM

Author say the gas leakage is detected by MQ 5 sensor which is interfaced by arduino uno If
the weight of the cylinder is below the threshold level, the booking confirmation message
will be sent to user through mobile ,Message will be sent from user to LPG agency and gets a
return notification of when the LPG is delivered.

DEPT OF CSE ,GEC HUVINHADAGLI Page 13

 Lpg Leakage detection and monitoring system 2020

CHAPTER 4
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

Fig4.1: Architecture of gas leakage detection system.

Load cell which is also known as pressure sensor is used to detect the weight of the gas and
the result will be displayed through LCD display, If the weight of the cylinder is below the
threshold level, the booking confirmation message will be sent to user through mobile The
threshold range will be embedded and usually developed using C Programming Wi-Fi
modem is capable of sending and receiving messages, Message will be sent from user to LPG
agency and gets a return notification of when the LPG is delivered.

DEPT OF CSE ,GEC HUVINHADAGLI Page 14

 Lpg Leakage detection and monitoring system 2020

CHAPTER 5

SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

 GSM module
 Arduino board
 MQ5 sensor
 Weight Sensor(Load cell)
 LCD Display
 Buzzer

DEPT OF CSE ,GEC HUVINHADAGLI Page 15

 Lpg Leakage detection and monitoring system 2020

CHAPTER6
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

ADVANTAGES
 Low cost
 Low power consumption
 High accuracy
 It also detects alcohol so it is used as liquor tester.
 The sensor has excellent sensitivity combined with a quick response time.

DISADVANTAGES
 No prevention of fires possible with kit.
 Applicable only as an indicator/alarming device.
 It works only when at 5V power supply

DEPT OF CSE ,GEC HUVINHADAGLI Page 16

 Lpg Leakage detection and monitoring system 2020

CONCLUSION

Real time weight measurement of the gas and its display on LCD makes it an efficient home
security.The main intention of this work is to ensure safe and easier way of gas booking and
gas leakage detection to avoid disasters

DEPT OF CSE ,GEC HUVINHADAGLI Page 17

 Lpg Leakage detection and monitoring system 2020

REFERENCES

1. http://ijves.com
2. N. S. G. B. D. Jolhe and P. A. Potdukhe, “Automatic lpg booking, leakage
detection and real time gas measurement monitoring system,” International Journal of
Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), vol. 2, April 2013.
3. www.rsisinternational.org/IJRSI.html
4. Sameer Jagtap,Prajkta Bhosale,” LPG Gas Weight and Leakage Detection
SystemUsing GSM” International Journal for Research in Applied Science &
EngineeringTechnology (IJRASET)Volume 4 Issue III, March 2016
5. A. Shiyana, Mrs. R. Deepa” Sms Based Gas Leakage Monitoring In Residential
And Industrial Area “ International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology
(IRJET) Volume: 04 Issue: 10
6 .Alan M John, Bhavesh Purbia, Ankit Sharma” LPG/CNG Gas Leakage Detection
System with GSM Module “International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer
and Communication Engineering ISO 3297:2007 Certified Vol. 6, Issue 5, 2017
7. http://www.ripublication.com
8. T.H. Feiroz Khan 1, Disha Dikshita Behera 2, Riya Sidha “Gas Leakage Detection
Using IOT Tools “International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Engineering
Research (IJETER) Volume 6, Issue 10, October (2018)
9. V.Naren, P.Indrajith, R.Aravind Prabhu” Intelligent Gas Leakage Detection System
with IoT Using ESP 8266 Module” International Journal of Advanced Research in
Electrical,Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering Vol. 7, Issue 12, December
2018
10. www.ijert.org

DEPT OF CSE ,GEC HUVINHADAGLI Page 18