AGBE0223-Surveying

Learning Module 1-Course Packet 1

Name: Erwin John O. Bautista Date Submitted:6/1/2021
Section:BSABE 1-B Score

Research Work
Traverse Adjustment

I. INTRODUCTION
Traverse adjustment is the procedure of computing the linear error of
closure and applying corrections to the individual latitudes and departures for
the purpose of providing a mathematically closed figure. Adjusting a traverse
(also known as balancing a traverse) is used to distribute the closure error back
into the angle and distance measurements. -jonas class notes

II. OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the exercise, the student will be able to:

a. Be familiar with one of the method of traverse adjustment

b. Demonstrate the step by step procedure in conducting traverse adjusted

IV. METHODOLOGY

1. Select one of the procedure in adjusting the traverse.

2. Comprehensively search (internet-based and books) all the related information
needed following the guide question.
3. Support with additional figures if needed.
Compass Rule
The compass rule is based on the assumption that all lengths were measured
with equal care and all angles taken with approximately the same precision. It is also
assumed that the errors in measurement are accidental and that the total error in any
side of the traverse is directly proportional to the total length of the traverse.

Advantages
Simple, repeatable ,compatible with contemporary measurement methods that is why
the compass rule works sufficiently well for simple surveying projects.

Disadvantages
Treats random errors systematically.
Procedure
The compass rule may be stated as follows: the correction to be applied to the
latitude or departure of any course is equal to the total closure of latitude or departure ,
multiplied by the ratio of the length of the course to the total length or perimeter of the
traverse. These corrections are given by the following equations.

C1= CL(d/D) Cd=CD(d/D)

where: cl= correction to be applied to the latitude of any course

cd= correction to be applied to the departure of any course
CL= total closure in latitude or the algebraic sum of the north and
south latitude (∑NL +∑SL)
CD= total closure in departure or the algebraic sum of the north and
south latitude (∑ED +∑WD)
d= length of any course
D= total length or perimeter of the traverse

All computed corrections should be added to check whether their respective sums
equal the closures in latitude and departure. To determine the adjusted latitude of any
course the latitude correction is either added to or subtracted from the computed
latitude of the course. A simple rule to remember is: if the sum of the north latitudes
exceeds the sum of the south latitudes , latitude corrections are subtracted from north
latitudes and added to corresponding south latitudes. However , if the sum of the south
latitudes exceeds the sum of the north latitudes, the corrections are applied in the
opposite manner. A similar procedure is used when adjusting the departures. After all
corrections have been applied properly to the latitudes and departures of the traverse. it
will be expected that a perfect closure will be obtained.
COMPASS RULE

(problem)

Given the accompanying tabulation are the observed data for a traverse obtained from a transit-tape
survey. Determine the latitudes and departures of each course and balance these quantities by employing
the compass rule. Also determine the linear error of closure, bearing of the side of error and the relative
error of closure. tabulates values accordingly.

Significance

The significance of traversing and traverse computation as future AB Engineers is it is

useful in the application of surveying which has a vital role in planning and executing different
essential projects of future AB engineers in the future. It also helps to set out different positions
of roads, buildings or other new construction, establish boundaries and for different mapping
purposes.
V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

a) Computing Latitudes:

Lat = length x cos α

b) Computing Departures

Dep = length x sin α

c) Determining Total Closure in Latitudes and Departures’

∑NL = +493.57 + 590.53 + 377.19

= +1461.29m (summation of north latitudes)

∑SL = -325.53 – 996.99 – 121.96

=- 1444.48m (summation of south latitudes)

∑ED = +47.53 + 612.23 + 791.09 + 219.51

= +1670.36m (summation of east departures)

∑WD = -1110.58 – 541.70

=- 1652.28 (summation of west departure)

CL = ∑NL + ∑SL = +1461.29 + (-1444.48)

= +16.81 m

CD = ∑ED + ∑WD = +1670.36 + (-1652.28)

= +18.08m

D = d1 + d2 +d3 +d4 +d5 + d6

d) Determining corrections for latitude

K1=

K1=

CAB = 0.00336 X 495.85 = 1.67

CBC =0.00336 X 850.62 =2.86

CCD =0.00336 X 855.45 =2.88

CDE =0.00336 X 1020.87 =3.43

CEF =0.00336 X 1117.26 =3.75

CFA =0.00336 X 660.08 =2.22

SOLUTION CHECK:

1.67+2.86+2.88+3.43+3.75+2.22 = 16.81

16.81=16.819(CHECKS)

e) Determining corrections for departure

K2=

K2=

CAB = 0.00362 X 495.85 = 1.79

CBC =0.00362 X 850.62 = 3.08

CCD =0.00362 X 855.45 = 3.09

CDE =0.00362 X 1020.87= 3.69

CEF =0.00362 X 1117.26= 4.04

CFA =0.00362 X 660.08 = 2.39

 SOLUTION CHECK:

1.79+3.08+3.09+3.69+4.04+2.39= 18.08

18.08=18.08(CHECKS)

f) tabulated solutions

g) ADJUSTED LATITUDES:

ADJ LAT= COMPUTED LAT ± Cl

NOTE: SINCE THE SUM OF NORTH LATITUDES EXCEEDS THE SUM OF SOUTH
LATITUDES. LATITUDES CORRECTIONS ARE SUBTRACTED FROM THE
CORRESPONDING NORTH LATITUDES AND ADDED TO CORRESPONDING SOUTH
LATITUDES TO DETERMINE THE ADJUSTED LATITUDES.

ADJUSTED DEPATURES:

ADJ DEP= COMPUTED DEP ± Cd

NOTE: SINCE THE SUM OF EAST DEPARTURE EXCEEDS THE SUM OF WEST
DEPATURES, THE DEPARTURE CORECTIONS ARE SUBTRACTED FROM THE
CORRESPONDING EAST DEPARTURES AND ADDED TO CORRESPONDING WEST
DEPARTURES TO DETERMINE THE ADJUSTED DEPARTURES.

h) Determining the linear error of closure, bearing of the side of error and relative error
of closure
LEC =

LEC =

= 24.69 (linear closure of error)

Tan β = =

= 1.075550

β = 47’ 05’ (bearing of the side of error = S44 05W)

RP = LEC/D

=24.69/5000.13

= 1/202.52

= SAY 1/1000 (relative precision)

ADJUSTMENTS OF LENGTH AND BEARING

Given the observed and calculated data in the problem . Determine the adjusted length and
adjusted bearing of each course and tabulate accordingly.

a) Determining adjusted length of each course

L’AB= = 494.02m

L’BC= = 846.02m

L’CD= = 853.70m

L’DE= = 1023.43m

L’EF= = 1121.69m

L’FA= = 660.78m

b) Determining adjusted bearing of each course TAN α =

TAN α AB == N 5°19’E

TAN α BC == N 46°02’E

TAN α CD == S 67°23’E

TAN α DE == S12°10’ E

TAN α EF == S 83°34’W

TAN α FA == N55°26’W

C) tabulated solution:
VI.CONCLUSION
To summarize all the data that have been collected, The compass rule is a type
of traverse adjustment that deals with the assumption that all lengths were measured
with equal care and all angles taken with approximately the same precision and
assumed that the errors in measurement are accidental and that the total error in any
side of the traverse. Its advantage is simple, repeatable,compatible while its own
disadvantage is it treats random errors systematically. Its own procedure consist of the
formula C1= CL(d/D) Cd=CD(d/D) and its important rule of if the sum of the north
latitudes exceeds the sum of the south latitudes , latitude corrections are subtracted
from north latitudes and added to corresponding south latitudes. Its own significance
helps to set out different positions of roads, buildings or other new construction,
establish boundaries and for different mapping purposes and that's why the compass
rule works sufficiently well for simple surveying projects.

VII. LITERATURE CITED

List down all the references used in the laboratory/research work. Follow the APA format
https://www.jerrymahun.com/index.php/home/open-access/topic-trav-comps/44-travcomps-chap
-e
https://sites.google.com/site/civilengineeringwebsite/what-we-believe

http://files.carlsonsw.com/mirror/manuals/CSI_Mobile_2/Tutorial3.html

VIII. APPENDICES
Note: This will be done individually