Ready to use Engineering Project on Homemade Printed PCB

Automatic Plant Irrigation System Using Soil

Moisture Sensor
INTRODUCTION
Irrigation is the key to a successful garden. Long gone are the days of manual watering or
relying on a friend to water when you are on vacation or away on business. The project
presented here waters your plants regularly when you are out for vocation .the circuit
comprises sensor parts built using IC 555 Timer. IC is configured here as a comparator. Two stiff
copper wires or Moisture sensor is inserted in the soil to sense the weather the soil is wet or
dry .The comparator monitors the sensor and when sensor sense the dry condition then the
project will switch on the motor and it will switch off the motor when sensor is wet. The
comparator does the above job it receives the signals from the sensors. To arrange the circuit,
insert copper wires or Moisture sensor in the soil to a depth of about 2cms. For small areas a
small pump such as the one used in air coolers is able to pump enough water with in 5 to 6
seconds. The timing components for the timer are selected accordingly. The timing can be
varied with the help of preset voltage.
The circuit is more effective indoors if one intends to use it for long periods. This is because the
water from reservoir (bucket, etc) evaporates rapidly if it is kept in the open. For regulating the
flow of water, either a tap can be used or one end of a rubber pipe can be blocked using M-seal
compound, with holes punctured along its length to water several plants .
COMPONENT LIST
 IC-555 Timer with Base
 Preset -50kΩ
 Homemade Moisture
Sensor
 Resistor
 470 Ω or 220Ω- 2
 1KΩ
 AC Water Pump
 5V Relay
 9V Battery
 Battery Cap
 Transistor BC548
 Homemade PCB
 Ready to use Engineering Project on Homemade Printed PCB

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

PCB LAYOUT
 Ready to use Engineering Project on Homemade Printed PCB

ADVANTAGES &APPLICATIONS
ADVANTAGES:
 Highly sensitive
 Works according to the soil condition
 Fit and Forget system
 Low cost and reliable circuit
 Complete elimination of manpower
 Can handle heavy loads
 System can be switched into manual mode whenever required
APPLICATIONS:
 Roof Gardens
 Lawns
 Agriculture Lands
 Home Gardens
NOTE:
 Battery should be continuously monitored from power outage or simply you can use 9V
DC supply adaptor.
 Probes must be inserted into the soil. They should not be kept on the soil.
 Electric valve should be used for best result.

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